Phytopathology最新文献_第2页

Research on Pine Wilt Disease Spread Prediction Based on an Improved LGBM Model. 基于改进LGBM模型的松材萎蔫病蔓延预测研究

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0202-R

Hongwei Zhou, Siyan Zhang, Yifan Chen, Shibo Zhang, Zihan Xu, Di Cui, Wenhui Guo

{"title":"Research on Pine Wilt Disease Spread Prediction Based on an Improved LGBM Model.","authors":"Hongwei Zhou, Siyan Zhang, Yifan Chen, Shibo Zhang, Zihan Xu, Di Cui, Wenhui Guo","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0202-R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0202-R","url":null,"abstract":"Pine wilt disease has caused significant damage to China's ecological and financial resources. To prevent its further spread across the country, proactive control measures are necessary. Given the low accuracy of traditional models, we have employed an enhanced LightGBM model to predict the development trend of pine wilt disease in China. By incorporating anthropogenic factors such as the volume of pine wood imports from 2017 to 2022, the density of graded roads, the number of adjacent counties, and the presence of wood processing factories, as well as natural factors like temperature, humidity, and wind speed, we employed Pearson correlation and LightGBM model's feature importance analysis to select the 17 most significant influencing factors. Spatial analysis was conducted on the epidemic sub-compartments (A divisional unit smaller than a township) of pine wilt disease for 2022 and 2023, revealing the distribution patterns of epidemic sub-compartments within 2 km of roads and the spatial relationships between new and old epidemic sub-compartments. We improved the LightGBM model using Bayesian algorithm, SSA, and HPO. By comparison, the enhanced model was validated to outperform in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, sensitivity, and specificity. Based on the results of correlation analysis and spatial analysis, an enhanced model was used to predict the emergence of pine wilt disease in new counties and districts in the future. Currently, pine wilt disease is primarily concentrated in the central-southern and northeastern provinces of China. Predictions indicate that the disease will further spread to the northeastern and southern regions of the country in the future.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Susceptibility of Grapevine Cultivars to Latent Plasmopara viticola Infections Using Molecular Disease Index. 利用分子疾病指数评估葡萄栽培品种对潜伏 Plasmopara viticola 感染的敏感性。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0409-KC

Lujia Yang, Bingyao Chu, Jie Deng, Zhaomeng Shen, Qiuyu Sun, Xuan Lv, Jiasui Zhan, Zhanhong Ma

{"title":"Assessing Susceptibility of Grapevine Cultivars to Latent Plasmopara viticola Infections Using Molecular Disease Index.","authors":"Lujia Yang, Bingyao Chu, Jie Deng, Zhaomeng Shen, Qiuyu Sun, Xuan Lv, Jiasui Zhan, Zhanhong Ma","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0409-KC","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0409-KC","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional assessments of grapevine susceptibility to grapevine downy mildew (GDM) caused by Plasmopara viticola rely on the visual evaluation of leaf symptoms. In this study, we used a well-established quantitative real-time PCR TaqMan assay (real-time PCR) to quantify the number of P. viticola infecting 12 grapevine cultivars under controlled conditions. The molecular disease index (MDI), derived from molecular detection methods, reflects the relative abundance of pathogens in plant tissues during the latent infection phase. Our application of MDI revealed a progressive increase in latent P. viticola levels over time, indicating dynamic levels of latent P. viticola infection across the inoculation processes. We calculated the area under the disease progression curve in terms of MDI (AUDPCMDI) to evaluate the susceptibility of each cultivar to GDM. Cultivars with lower AUDPCMDI values consistently exhibited reduced pathogen establishment, suggesting higher levels of innate resistance. Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between the visual disease index (DI) and the AUDPCMDI values (r = 0.790, P = 0.002), indicating that higher levels of latent P. viticola infections were associated with higher disease severity. Grapevine cultivars were clustered into distinct groupings, indicating variability in their susceptibility to the pathogen. Cultivars with similar levels of susceptibility were grouped, highlighting that the real-time PCR assay used in this study represents a robust, rapid, and standardized method for quantifying pathogens, which significantly improves the efficiency of evaluating the susceptibility of grapevine cultivars to GDM This quantitative protocol provides practical guidelines for selecting resistant cultivars and implementing effective disease management strategies.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and Molecular Marker Detection of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat Lines from China: Development of an Efficient Software for Gene Postulation. 中国小麦抗叶锈病基因的鉴定与分子标记检测——高效基因推定软件的开发。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-08-24-0249-R

Pu Gao, Peng-Peng Liu, Rui Dong, Takele Weldu Gebrewahid, Xin-Hai Wang, Xue-Qing Wang, Jia-Yao Zhang, Pei-Pei Zhang, Wei Sang, Zai-Feng Li

{"title":"Identification and Molecular Marker Detection of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat Lines from China: Development of an Efficient Software for Gene Postulation.","authors":"Pu Gao, Peng-Peng Liu, Rui Dong, Takele Weldu Gebrewahid, Xin-Hai Wang, Xue-Qing Wang, Jia-Yao Zhang, Pei-Pei Zhang, Wei Sang, Zai-Feng Li","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-08-24-0249-R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-24-0249-R","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss. (Pt), is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) globally. Using resistant lines is the most cost-effective and safe disease control method. Eighty-three wheat lines from China and 36 differential lines, mainly near-isogenic lines (NILs) with known leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes in the Thatcher background, were inoculated with 17 Pt races at the seedling stage to postulate Lr gene(s) in the greenhouse. Field tests conducted during the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 cropping seasons assessed adult-plant resistance to leaf rust. Moreover, we developed a graphical user interface (GUI) bioinformatics toolkit platform called WEKits v1.0, which integrates a gene postulation submodule based on the gene-for-gene hypothesis, providing accurate and efficient analysis. Through gene postulation, molecular marker detection, and pedigree analysis, we identified the presence of nine Lr genes Lr1, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr21, Lr26, Lr34, Lr37, Lr44, and Lr13/LrZH22, either individually or in combination in 30 wheat lines. Furthermore, 19 lines exhibited slow rusting resistance in both growing seasons. The development of the WEKits software significantly enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of the gene postulation process, providing a valuable tool for rapid identification of known resistance genes in the wheat lines. This could create a vital input to wheat rust resistance breeding. The results identified in this study and the WEKits platform are valuable for selecting lines with effective Lr genes and breeding rust-resistant wheat.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diffusible Signal Factor-Mediated Quorum Sensing Modulates Swarming in Xanthomonas albilineans. 可扩散信号因子（DSF）介导的法定量感应可调节白化黄单胞菌的群集。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0076-R

Meilin Li, Yixue Bao, Wenhan Chen, Yisha Li, Jinxia Du, Abdullah Khan, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Charles A Powell, Baoshan Chen, Muqing Zhang

{"title":"Diffusible Signal Factor-Mediated Quorum Sensing Modulates Swarming in Xanthomonas albilineans.","authors":"Meilin Li, Yixue Bao, Wenhan Chen, Yisha Li, Jinxia Du, Abdullah Khan, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Charles A Powell, Baoshan Chen, Muqing Zhang","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0076-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0076-R","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthomonas spp. are plant pathogens known for significantly impacting crop yields. Among them, Xanthomonas albilineans (Xal) is notable for colonizing the xylem and causing sugarcane leaf scald disease. This study employed homologous recombination to mutate quorum sensing regulatory genes (rpf) to investigate their role in Xal pathogenicity. Deletions of rpfF (ΔrpfF), rpfC (ΔrpfC), and rpfG (ΔrpfG) led to reduced swarming, growth, and virulence. However, diffusible signal factor (DSF) supplementation restored swarming and growth in the ΔrpfF mutant. Deleting rpfC, rpfG, and rpfF also reduced twitching motility and affected type IV pilus expression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ΔrpfF positively regulates flagellar genes. DSF supplementation in ΔrpfF (ΔrpfF-DSF) modulated the expression of flagellar, chemotaxis, and type IV pilus genes. These findings elucidate the DSF-mediated swarming pathway in Xal and provide valuable insights into its regulatory mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"20-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification in Plant Pathogen Detection. 环介导等温扩增（LAMP）在植物病原体检测中的应用。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0391-KC

Liuliu Yang, Yu Sun, Lin Sun, Zehao Wang, Jie Feng, Yue Liang

引用次数: 0

Field-Scale Gene Flow of Fungicide Resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. teres and the Effect of Selection Pressure on the Population Structure. 赤霉病菌对杀真菌剂抗性的田间规模基因流动以及选择压力对种群结构的影响。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0378-KC

Leon M Hodgson, Francisco J Lopez-Ruiz, Mark R Gibberd, Geoff J Thomas, Ayalsew Zerihun

{"title":"Field-Scale Gene Flow of Fungicide Resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. teres and the Effect of Selection Pressure on the Population Structure.","authors":"Leon M Hodgson, Francisco J Lopez-Ruiz, Mark R Gibberd, Geoff J Thomas, Ayalsew Zerihun","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0378-KC","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-10-23-0378-KC","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of fungicides to control foliar fungal crop diseases is being diminished by the increasing spread of resistance to fungicides. One approach that may help to maintain efficacy is remediation of resistant populations by sensitive ones. However, the success of such approaches can be compromised by re-incursion of resistance through aerial spore dispersal, although knowledge of localized gene flow is lacking. Here, we report on a replicated mark-release-recapture field experiment with several treatments set up to study spore-dispersal-mediated gene flow of a mutated allele that confers demethylase inhibitor resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt). Artificial inoculation of the host, barley (Hordeum vulgare), was successful across the 12-ha trial, where the introduced sensitive and resistant populations were, respectively, 6- and 13-fold the DNA concentration of the native Ptt population. Subsequent disease pressure remained low, which hampered spread of the epidemic to such an extent that gene flow was not detected at, or beyond, 2.5 m from source points. In the absence of gene flow, plots were assessed for treatment effects; fungicide applied to populations that contained 14.3% of allele mutation increased in frequency to 24.5%, whereas sensitive populations had no change in structure. Untreated controls of the native Ptt population remained genetically stable, yet untreated controls that were inoculated with sensitive Ptt had half the resistance frequency of the native population structure. The trial demonstrates the potential for management to remediate fungicide-resistant pathogen populations, where localized gene flow is minimal, to safeguard chemical crop protection into the future.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular Characterization of Fusarium Isolates from Upland Cotton Roots in Uzbekistan and Whole-Genome Comparison with Isolates from the United States. 乌兹别克斯坦陆地棉根部镰刀菌分离物的分子特征以及与美国分离物的全基因组比较。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0152-R

Timothy O Jobe, Ibrokhim Y Abdurakhmonov, Mauricio Ulloa, Mohamed Fokar, Zabardast T Buriev, Shukhrat E Shermatov, Abdusalom K Makamov, Dilshod E Usmanov, Mukhtor M Darmanov, Kirk Broders, Margaret L Ellis

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Fusarium Isolates from Upland Cotton Roots in Uzbekistan and Whole-Genome Comparison with Isolates from the United States.","authors":"Timothy O Jobe, Ibrokhim Y Abdurakhmonov, Mauricio Ulloa, Mohamed Fokar, Zabardast T Buriev, Shukhrat E Shermatov, Abdusalom K Makamov, Dilshod E Usmanov, Mukhtor M Darmanov, Kirk Broders, Margaret L Ellis","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0152-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0152-R","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) is a significant cotton (Gossypium spp.) pathogen causing vascular wilt, browning of the vascular tissues, and plant death in the most severe cases. This global disease is responsible for sizeable crop losses annually and is found in many cotton-producing regions, including the Republic of Uzbekistan and the United States. Specifically, FOV race 4 (FOV4) has been disrupting production for years. This study aimed to genetically characterize FOV4 isolates causing disease in the main cotton-producing region of Uzbekistan and compare them with FOV4 isolates from the United States. A field study conducted in the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the spring of 2022 identified both FOV4 and new Fusarium isolates from Upland cotton exhibiting typical Fusarium wilt symptoms. Molecular markers were initially used to identify isolates of interest, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed using partial EF1-α sequences, followed by a comparative genomic analysis. We also report for the first time the isolation of F. solani and F. commune causing Fusarium wilt in Uzbekistan. Furthermore, we show that the FOV4 population within our sampling region of Uzbekistan may be dominated by a single biotype with an effector profile similar to that of FOV race 7. One of these effector proteins is also present in the F. commune isolate showing virulence to cotton. Whole-genome comparisons between FOV races can identify unique genetic markers for FOV4 and aid in the development of tools for breeding FOV-resistant cotton varieties.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"54-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transient Expression of Nicotiana tabacum Silicon-Induced Histidine-Rich Defensins in N. benthamiana Limits Necrotic Lesion Development Caused by Phytopathogenic Fungi. 在烟草根中瞬时表达烟草硅诱导的富组氨酸防御素，可限制由植物病原真菌引起的坏死性病变的发展。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-05-24-0162-R

Stephen Muhindi, Wendy Zellner, Shin-Yi Marzano, Jennifer Boldt, Scott Leisner

{"title":"Transient Expression of Nicotiana tabacum Silicon-Induced Histidine-Rich Defensins in N. benthamiana Limits Necrotic Lesion Development Caused by Phytopathogenic Fungi.","authors":"Stephen Muhindi, Wendy Zellner, Shin-Yi Marzano, Jennifer Boldt, Scott Leisner","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-05-24-0162-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-05-24-0162-R","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon (Si) supplementation permits plants to better deter infection. Supplementing hydroponically propagated Nicotiana tabacum with 1 mM potassium silicate (K2SiO3) reduced necrotic lesion development on detached leaves by both Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Previously, a family of Si-induced genes was identified in N. tabacum. These genes were members of the solanaceous histidine-rich defensin (HRD) superfamily and were termed NtHRD1s (the first identified family of N. tabacum HRDs). Defensins were originally identified to participate in innate immunity. Thus, the NtHRD1s were tested for antimicrobial effects on plant pathogens. Transient expression of NtHRD1 genes within N. benthamiana leaves restricted the development of necrotic lesions caused by B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum. Thus, the NtHRD1s may be an additional Si-responsive factor conferring beneficial effects on plants. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasmodiophora brassicae Effector PbPE23 Induces Necrotic Responses in Both Host and Nonhost Plants. 黄铜疫霉菌效应子 PbPE23 可诱导寄主植物和非寄主植物产生坏死反应。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-02-24-0064-R

Md Musharaf Hossain, Edel Pérez-López, Christopher D Todd, Yangdou Wei, Peta C Bonham-Smith

{"title":"Plasmodiophora brassicae Effector PbPE23 Induces Necrotic Responses in Both Host and Nonhost Plants.","authors":"Md Musharaf Hossain, Edel Pérez-López, Christopher D Todd, Yangdou Wei, Peta C Bonham-Smith","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-24-0064-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-24-0064-R","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmodiophora brassicae is an obligate biotroph that causes clubroot disease in cruciferous plants, including canola and Arabidopsis. In contrast to most known bacterial, oomycete, and fungal pathogens that colonize at the host apoplastic space, the protist P. brassicae establishes an intracellular colonization within various types of root cells and secretes a plethora of effector proteins to distinct cellular compartments favorable for the survival and growth of the pathogen during pathogenesis. Identification and functional characterization of P. brassicae effectors has been hampered by the limited understanding of this unique pathosystem. Here, we report a P. brassicae effector, PbPE23, containing a serine/threonine kinase domain, that induces necrosis after heterologous expression by leaf infiltration in both host and nonhost plants. Although PbPE23 is an active kinase, the kinase activity itself is not required for triggering necrosis in plants. PbPE23 shows a nucleocytoplasmic localization in Nicotiana benthamiana, and its N-terminal 25TPDPAQKQ32 sequence, resembling the contiguous hydrophilic TPAP motif and Q-rich region in many necrosis and ethylene inducing peptide 1-like proteins from plant-associated microbes, is required for the induction of necrosis. Furthermore, transcript profiling of PbPE23 reveals its high expression at the transition stages from primary to secondary infection, suggesting its potential involvement in the development of clubroot disease.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"66-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Threat to Limber Pine (Pinus flexilis) Restoration in Alberta and Beyond: First Documentation of a Cronartium ribicola Race (vcr4) Virulent to Cr4-Controlled Major Gene Resistance. 阿尔伯塔省及其他地区林缘松（Pinus flexilis）恢复面临的新威胁：Cronartium ribicola race (vcr4) 病毒对 Cr4 控制的主要抗性基因的首次记录。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0129-R

Jun-Jun Liu, Richard A Sniezko, Sydney Houston, Genoa Alger, Jodie Krakowski, Anna W Schoettle, Robert Sissons, Arezoo Zamany, Holly Williams, Benjamin Rancourt, Angelia Kegley

{"title":"A New Threat to Limber Pine (Pinus flexilis) Restoration in Alberta and Beyond: First Documentation of a Cronartium ribicola Race (vcr4) Virulent to Cr4-Controlled Major Gene Resistance.","authors":"Jun-Jun Liu, Richard A Sniezko, Sydney Houston, Genoa Alger, Jodie Krakowski, Anna W Schoettle, Robert Sissons, Arezoo Zamany, Holly Williams, Benjamin Rancourt, Angelia Kegley","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0129-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0129-R","url":null,"abstract":"The coevolution of virulence reduces the effectiveness of host resistance to pathogens, posing a direct threat to forest species and their key ecosystem functions. This is a threat to limber pine (Pinus flexilis), an endangered species in Canada due to rapid decline mainly driven by white pine blister rust caused by Cronartium ribicola. We present the first report of a new, virulent race of C. ribicola (designated vcr4) that overcomes limber pine major gene (Cr4) resistance (MGR). Field surveys found that three parental trees (pf-503, pf-508, and pf-2015-0070) were cankered with white pine blister rust in Alberta, but their progenies showed MGR-related phenotypic segregation postinoculation with an avirulent race of C. ribicola (Avcr4). Genotyping of their progenies using Cr4-linked DNA markers and a genome-wide association study provided additional support that these cankered parental trees had Cr4-controlled MGR. To confirm the presence of vcr4, aeciospores were collected from the cankered pf-503 tree to inoculate resistant seedlings that had survived prior inoculation using the Avcr4 race, as well as seedlings of two U.S. seed parents, one previously confirmed with MGR (Cr4) and one without MGR, respectively. All inoculated seedlings showed clear stem symptoms, confirming that the virulent race is vcr4. These results provide insights into the evolution of C. ribicola virulence and reinforce caution on deployment of Cr4-controlled MGR. The information will be useful for designing a breeding program for durable resistance by layering both R genes with quantitative trait loci for resistance to white pine blister rust in North America.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"44-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0