{"title":"Development of KASP Markers in Association with Avirulence Genes of <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>, the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen.","authors":"Hannah Merrill, Arjun Upadhaya, Meinan Wang, Qing Bai, Bingbing Jiang, Chongjing Xia, Yuxiang Li, Xianming Chen","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-25-0074-R","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>, causing stripe rust, is one of the most prominent pathogens of wheat worldwide. The biotrophic and obligate fungus is capable of rapid developing new virulent races that can overcome race-specific resistance in host plants. The traditional virulence characterization of the pathogen requires strict conditions for testing isolates on wheat differentials with specific resistance genes, which is time consuming. Developing molecular markers for avirulence genes could provide an efficient method for monitoring virulence changes in the pathogen population. In this study, secreted protein (SP) gene-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers previously identified to be associated with avirulence genes of the pathogen were converted to Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The KASP markers were screened with a diverse panel of 192 isolates selected from various countries based on their virulent races and molecular genotypes. The markers significantly correlated to the avirulence/virulence phenotypic data of the 192 isolates were further validated with 845 isolates collected from the United States in 2019-2021. Based on the results of both the screening and validation data, 21 KASP markers significantly associated with different avirulence genes were developed. Seventeen of the 21 markers were significantly associated with two or more avirulence genes, and except <i>AvrYr10</i>, and the remaining 15 avirulence genes had two or more markers. Different combinations of up to three markers could be used for specific detection of 16 avirulence genes in monitoring the pathogen population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Phytopathology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-25-0074-R","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, causing stripe rust, is one of the most prominent pathogens of wheat worldwide. The biotrophic and obligate fungus is capable of rapid developing new virulent races that can overcome race-specific resistance in host plants. The traditional virulence characterization of the pathogen requires strict conditions for testing isolates on wheat differentials with specific resistance genes, which is time consuming. Developing molecular markers for avirulence genes could provide an efficient method for monitoring virulence changes in the pathogen population. In this study, secreted protein (SP) gene-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers previously identified to be associated with avirulence genes of the pathogen were converted to Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The KASP markers were screened with a diverse panel of 192 isolates selected from various countries based on their virulent races and molecular genotypes. The markers significantly correlated to the avirulence/virulence phenotypic data of the 192 isolates were further validated with 845 isolates collected from the United States in 2019-2021. Based on the results of both the screening and validation data, 21 KASP markers significantly associated with different avirulence genes were developed. Seventeen of the 21 markers were significantly associated with two or more avirulence genes, and except AvrYr10, and the remaining 15 avirulence genes had two or more markers. Different combinations of up to three markers could be used for specific detection of 16 avirulence genes in monitoring the pathogen population.
期刊介绍：
Phytopathology publishes articles on fundamental research that advances understanding of the nature of plant diseases, the agents that cause them, their spread, the losses they cause, and measures that can be used to control them. Phytopathology considers manuscripts covering all aspects of plant diseases including bacteriology, host-parasite biochemistry and cell biology, biological control, disease control and pest management, description of new pathogen species description of new pathogen species, ecology and population biology, epidemiology, disease etiology, host genetics and resistance, mycology, nematology, plant stress and abiotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins, and virology. Papers dealing mainly with taxonomy, such as descriptions of new plant pathogen taxa are acceptable if they include plant disease research results such as pathogenicity, host range, etc. Taxonomic papers that focus on classification, identification, and nomenclature below the subspecies level may also be submitted to Phytopathology.
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