Phytopathology最新文献

{"title":"T6SS and T4SS Redundantly Secrete Effectors to Govern the Virulence and Bacterial Competition in <i>Pectobacterium</i> PccS1.","authors":"Shu Che, Chen Sun, Liuke Yang, Min Zhou, Lingyan Xia, Jingyuan Yan, Mengyi Jiang, Jiaju Wang, Huan Wang, Wenjun Zhao, Ian Toth, Baishi Hu, Tao Guo, Jiaqin Fan","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-11-23-0455-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-11-23-0455-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies revealed that the type VI secretion system (T6SS) has an essential role in bacterial competition and virulence in many gram-negative bacteria. However, the role of T6SS in virulence in <i>Pectobacterium atrosepticum</i> remains controversial. We examined a closely related strain, PccS1, and discovered that its T6SS comprises a single-copy cluster of 17 core genes with a higher identity to homologs from <i>P. atrosepticum.</i> Through extensive phenotypic and functional analyses of over 220 derivatives of PccS1, we found that three of the five VgrGs could be classified into group I VgrGs. These VgrGs interacted with corresponding DUF4123 domain proteins, which were secreted outside of the membrane and were dependent on either the T6SS or type IV secretion system (T4SS). This interaction directly governed virulence and competition. Meanwhile, supernatant proteomic analyses with strains defective in the T6SS and/or T4SS confirmed that effectors, such as FhaB, were secreted redundantly to control the virulence and suppress host callose deposition in the course of infection. Notably, this redundant secretion mechanism between the T6SS and T4SS is believed to be the first of its kind in bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1926-1939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Quantitative Trait Loci for Leaf Rust Resistance from CI 13227 in Three Winter Wheat Populations.","authors":"Lanfei Zhao, Yue Lu, Xiaocun Zhang, Wei Zhao, Xiangyang Xu, Hongliang Wang, Guorong Zhang, Allan K Fritz, John Fellers, Mary Guttieri, Katherine W Jordan, Guihua Bai","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0108-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0108-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leaf rust is a widespread foliar wheat disease causing substantial yield losses worldwide. Slow rusting is \"adult plant\" resistance that significantly slows epidemic development and thereby reduces yield loss. Wheat accession CI 13227 was previously characterized as having slow-rusting resistance. To validate the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and develop diagnostic markers for slow rusting resistance in CI 13227, a new population of recombinant inbred lines of CI 13227 × Everest was evaluated for latent period, final severity, area under the disease progress curve, and infection type in greenhouses and genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing. Four QTLs were identified on chromosome arms 2BL, 2DS, 3BS, and 7BL, explaining 6.82 to 28.45% of the phenotypic variance for these traits. Seven kompetitive allele-specific polymorphism markers previously reported to be linked to the QTLs in two other CI 13227 populations were validated. In addition, the previously reported <i>QLr.hwwg-7AL</i> was remapped to 2BL (renamed <i>QLr.hwwg-2BL</i>) after adding new markers in this study. Phenotypic data showed that the recombinant inbred lines harboring two or three of the QTLs had a significantly longer latent period. <i>QLr.hwwg-2DS</i> on 2DS showed a major effect on all rust resistance traits and was finely mapped to a 2.7-Mb interval by two newly developed flanking markers from exome capture. Three disease-resistance genes and two transporter genes were identified as the putative candidates for <i>QLr.hwwg-2DS</i>. The validated QTLs can be used as slow-rusting resistance resources, and the markers developed in this study will be useful for marker-assisted selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1869-1877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Microbes to Microbiomes: Applications for Plant Health and Sustainable Agriculture.","authors":"Gwyn A Beattie, Kirsty L Bayliss, Daniel A Jacobson, Richard Broglie, Marleny Burkett-Cadena, Angela Sessitsch, Prasanna Kankanala, Joshua Stein, Kellye Eversole, Ann Lichens-Park","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-24-0054-KC","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-24-0054-KC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-microbe interaction research has had a transformative trajectory, from individual microbial isolate studies to comprehensive analyses of plant microbiomes within the broader phytobiome framework. Acknowledging the indispensable role of plant microbiomes in shaping plant health, agriculture, and ecosystem resilience, we underscore the urgent need for sustainable crop production strategies in the face of contemporary challenges. We discuss how the synergies between advancements in 'omics technologies and artificial intelligence can help advance the profound potential of plant microbiomes. Furthermore, we propose a multifaceted approach encompassing translational considerations, transdisciplinary research initiatives, public-private partnerships, regulatory policy development, and pragmatic expectations for the practical application of plant microbiome knowledge across diverse agricultural landscapes. We advocate for strategic collaboration and intentional transdisciplinary efforts to unlock the benefits offered by plant microbiomes and address pressing global issues in food security. By emphasizing a nuanced understanding of plant microbiome complexities and fostering realistic expectations, we encourage the scientific community to navigate the transformative journey from discoveries in the laboratory to field applications. As companies specializing in agricultural microbes and microbiomes undergo shifts, we highlight the necessity of understanding how to approach sustainable agriculture with site-specific management solutions. While cautioning against overpromising, we underscore the excitement of exploring the many impacts of microbiome-plant interactions. We emphasize the importance of collaborative endeavors with societal partners to accelerate our collective capacity to harness the diverse and yet-to-be-discovered beneficial activities of plant microbiomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1742-1752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcription Factor CgSte12 Regulates Pathogenicity by Affecting Appressorium Structural Development in the Anthracnose-Causing Fungus <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>.","authors":"Fuhan Li, Dongxiao Lu, Fanli Meng, Chengming Tian","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0484-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0484-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> is the causal agent of poplar anthracnose, which induces major economic losses and adversely affects the ecosystem services of poplar forests. The appressorium serves as a penetration structure for many pathogenic fungi, including <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. The production of mucilage and the formation of penetration pegs are critically important for the appressorium-mediated penetration of host tissues. We previously found that CgPmk1 is a key protein involved in appressorium formation, penetration, and pathogenicity. Although CgSte12, which is a transcription factor that functions downstream of CgPmk1, regulates the formation of penetration pegs, its role in <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> appressorium development and pathogenicity has not been elucidated. Here, we developed <i>C. gloeosporioides CgSTE12</i> mutants and characterized the molecular and cellular functions of <i>CgSTE12</i>. The results showed that mycelial growth and morphology were not affected in the <i>CgSTE12</i> knockout mutants, which produced normal melanized appressoria. However, these mutants had less mucilage secreted around the appressoria, impaired appressorial cone formation, and the inability to form penetration pores and pegs, which ultimately led to a significant loss of pathogenicity. Our comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that CgSte12 controls the expression of genes involved in appressorium development and function, including genes encoding cutinases, NADPH oxidase, spermine biosynthesis-related proteins, ceramide biosynthesis-related proteins, fatty acid metabolism-related proteins, and glycerophospholipid metabolism-related proteins. Overall, our findings indicate that CgSte12 is a critical regulator of appressorium development and affects <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> pathogenicity by modulating the structural integrity of appressoria.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1832-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Interplay: Soil Biogeochemical Factors Shaping the Efficacy of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation in Suppressing Fusarium Root Rot of Strawberry.","authors":"James Littrell, Bonnie H Ownley, David M Butler","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-09-23-0323-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-09-23-0323-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nontoxic alternatives to chemical soil fumigants for suppressing soilborne pathogens such as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (<i>Fo</i>), one causative agent of strawberry black root rot complex prevalent in the Southeastern United States, are urgently needed. A promising alternative is anaerobic soil disinfestation, in which soil is amended with labile organic materials, irrigated to field capacity, and tarped to induce anaerobic fermentation for a brief period before planting. Pathogen-suppression mechanisms of anaerobic soil disinfestation include anaerobic conditions and generation of reduced metal cations (Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs; e.g., acetic, <i>n</i>-butyric, isovaleric, and others). However, little is known about how the interaction between VFAs, reduced metals, soil texture, and liming influences suppression of <i>Fo</i>. We investigated <i>Fo</i> suppression by VFAs and reduced metal cations in both aqueous and soil-based incubation trials. Inoculum containing <i>Fo</i> chlamydospores was added to aqueous medium containing either 5 or 10 mmol/liter VFAs and either 0.01 or 0.05% (wt/wt) reduced metals. In soil-based incubations, chlamydospore-containing inoculum was applied to sandy, sandy loam, and silty clay soil saturated by solutions containing 10 or 20 mmol/liter VFAs with or without 0.05% (wt/wt) reduced metals. VFAs, particularly in combination with Fe²⁺ in aqueous solutions and Mn²⁺ in soils, significantly reduced <i>Fo</i> viability. At the same time, liming and higher soil clay content reduced the effectiveness of VFAs and reduced metals for suppressing <i>Fo</i>, highlighting the influence of soil pH and soil texture on anaerobic soil disinfestation effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1782-1790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Temporal Dynamics of Invasive Late Blight Populations in India for Improved Management Practices.","authors":"Tanmoy Dey, Sanjai K Dwivedi, Sibnarayan Datta, David E L Cooke, Sanjoy Guha Roy","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0082-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-24-0082-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microbial oomycete pathogen <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> causes severe epidemics of potato late blight in crops globally. Disease management benefits from an understanding of the diversity of pathogen populations. In this study, we explore the dynamics of <i>P. infestans</i> populations in the late blight-potato agro-ecosystem across the Indian subcontinent. Investigations of the macroecological observations at the field level and microbial ecological principles provided insights into future pathogen behavior. We use a comprehensive simple sequence repeat allele dataset to demonstrate that an invasive clonal lineage called EU_13_A2 has dominated populations over 14 years across India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. Increasing levels of subclonal variation were tracked over time and space, and, for the first time, populations in Asia were also compared with the source populations from Europe. Within India, a regional pathogen population structure was observed with evidence for local migration, cross-border movement between surrounding countries, and introductions via imports. There was also evidence of genetic drift and between-season transmission of more strongly pathogenic subclones with a complete displacement of some subclonal types. The limited introduction of novel genotypes and the use of resistant potato cultivars could contribute to the dominance of the 13_A2 lineage. The insights will contribute to the management of the pathogen in these key global potato production regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1810-1821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Streptomyces pratensis</i> S10 Inhibits the Spread of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> Invasive Hyphae and Toxisome Formation in Wheat Plants.","authors":"Lifang Hu, Jing Chen, Ruimin Jia, Yan Sun, Xiaomin Dong, Shang Cao, Xihui Shen, Yang Wang","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0506-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0506-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, mainly caused by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>, leads to severe economic losses worldwide. Effective management measures for controlling FHB are not available due to a lack of resistant cultivars. Currently, the utilization of biological control is a promising approach that can be used to help manage FHB. Previous studies have confirmed that <i>Streptomyces pratensis</i> S10 harbors excellent inhibitory effects on <i>F. graminearum</i>. However, there is no information regarding whether invasive hyphae of <i>F. graminearum</i> are inhibited by S10. Thus, we investigated the effects of S10 on <i>F. graminearum</i> strain PH-1 hypha extension, toxisome formation, and <i>TRI5</i> gene expression on wheat plants via microscopic observation. The results showed that S10 effectively inhibited the spread of <i>F. graminearum</i> hyphae along the rachis, restricting the infection of neighboring florets via the phloem. In the presence of S10, the hyphal growth is impeded by the formation of dense cell wall thickenings in the rachis internode surrounding the <i>F. graminearum</i> infection site, avoiding cell plasmolysis and collapse. We further demonstrated that S10 largely prevented cell-to-cell invasion of fungal hyphae inside wheat coleoptiles using a constitutively green fluorescence protein-expressing <i>F. graminearum</i> strain, PH-1. Importantly, <i>S. pratensis</i> S10 inhibited toxisome formation and <i>TRI5</i> gene expression in wheat plants during infection. Collectively, these findings indicate that <i>S. pratensis</i> S10 prevents the spread of <i>F. graminearum</i> invasive hyphae via the rachis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1770-1781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of the Infection and Colonization Process of <i>Dendrobium officinale</i> Using a Green Fluorescent Protein-Tagged Isolate of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>.","authors":"Xue Guo, Rongyu Li, Yi Ding, Feixu Mo, Ke Hu, Minggui Ou, Diao Jiang, Ming Li","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0495-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0495-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Dendrobium officinale</i> soft rot is a widespread and destructive disease caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> that can seriously affect yield and quality. To better understand the fungal infection and colonization, we successfully created an <i>F. oxysporum</i> labeled with green fluorescent protein using the <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>-mediated transformation method. Transformants had varying fluorescence intensities, but their pathogenicity did not differ from that of the wild type. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that <i>F. oxysporum</i> primarily entered the aboveground portion of <i>D. officinale</i> through the leaf margin, stomata, or by direct penetration of the leaf surface. It then colonized the mesophyll and spread along its vascular bundles. <i>D. officinale</i> exhibited typical symptoms of decay and wilting at 14 days postinoculation, accompanied by a pronounced fluorescence signal in the affected area. The initial colonization of <i>F. oxysporum</i> in the subterranean region primarily involved attachment to the root hair and epidermis, which progressed to the medullary vascular bundle. At 14 days postinoculation, the root vascular bundles of <i>D. officinale</i> exhibited significant colonization by <i>F. oxysporum</i>. Macroconidia were also observed in black rot <i>D. officinale</i> tissue. In particular, the entire root was surrounded by a significant number of chlamydospore-producing <i>F. oxysporum</i> mycelia at 28 days postinoculation. This approach allowed for the visualization of the complete infection process of <i>F. oxysporum</i> and provided a theoretical foundation for the development of field control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1791-1801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Detection to Protection: The Role of Optical Sensors, Robots, and Artificial Intelligence in Modern Plant Disease Management.","authors":"Anne-Katrin Mahlein, Jayme G Arnal Barbedo, Kuo-Szu Chiang, Emerson M Del Ponte, Clive H Bock","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-24-0009-PER","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-24-0009-PER","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past decade, there has been a recognized need for innovative methods to monitor and manage plant diseases, aiming to meet the precision demands of modern agriculture. Over the last 15 years, significant advances in the detection, monitoring, and management of plant diseases have been made, largely propelled by cutting-edge technologies. Recent advances in precision agriculture have been driven by sophisticated tools such as optical sensors, artificial intelligence, microsensor networks, and autonomous driving vehicles. These technologies have enabled the development of novel cropping systems, allowing for targeted management of crops, contrasting with the traditional, homogeneous treatment of large crop areas. The research in this field is usually a highly collaborative and interdisciplinary endeavor. It brings together experts from diverse fields such as plant pathology, computer science, statistics, engineering, and agronomy to forge comprehensive solutions. Despite the progress, translating the advancements in the precision of decision-making or automation into agricultural practice remains a challenge. The knowledge transfer to agricultural practice and extension has been particularly challenging. Enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of disease detection continues to be a priority, with data-driven artificial intelligence systems poised to play a pivotal role. This perspective article addresses critical questions and challenges faced in the implementation of digital technologies for plant disease management. It underscores the urgency of integrating innovative technological advances with traditional integrated pest management. It highlights unresolved issues regarding the establishment of control thresholds for site-specific treatments and the necessary alignment of digital technology use with regulatory frameworks. Importantly, the paper calls for intensified research efforts, widespread knowledge dissemination, and education to optimize the application of digital tools for plant disease management, recognizing the intersection of technology's potential with its current practical limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1733-1741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of Novel Wheat-Rye T1RS.1AL Translocation Lines with Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Stripe Rust Derived from the Chinese Rye Landrace Qinling.","authors":"Zhi Li, Zixin Sun, Liqi Zhao, Tong Yan, Zhenglong Ren, Tianheng Ren","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-07-23-0236-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-07-23-0236-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stripe rust and powdery mildew are serious diseases that severely decrease the yield of wheat. Planting wheat cultivars with powdery mildew and stripe rust resistance genes is the most effective way to control these two diseases. Introducing disease resistance genes from related species into the wheat genome via chromosome translocation is an important way to improve wheat disease resistance. In this study, nine novel T1RS.1AL translocation lines were developed from the cross of wheat cultivar Chuannong25 (CN25) and a Chinese rye Qinling. The results of non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization and PCR showed that all new lines were homozygous for the T1RS.1AL translocation. These new T1RS.1AL translocation lines exhibited strong resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew. The cytogenetics results indicated that the resistance of the new lines was conferred by the 1RS chromosome arms, which came from Qinling rye. The genetic analysis indicated that there were new dominant resistance genes on the 1RS chromosome arm resistant to stripe rust and powdery mildew, and their resistance patterns were different from those of <i>Yr9, Pm8</i>, and <i>Pm17</i> genes. In addition, the T1RS.1AL translocation lines generally exhibited better agronomic traits in the field relative to CN25. These T1RS.1AL translocations have great potential in wheat-breeding programs in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1884-1892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}