Plant Direct最新文献_第5页

The male germ unit association is independently regulated of GUM in Arabidopsis thaliana. 拟南芥雄性生殖单位联合体受 GUM 的独立调控。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-29 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.624

Abdur Rauf, Anbang Wang, Yujia Li, Zhihao Lian, Shouxing Wei, Kashmala Jabbar, Muhammad Wisal, Ikramullah Khan, Muhammad Khalid, Jingyang Li

{"title":"The male germ unit association is independently regulated of GUM in Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Abdur Rauf, Anbang Wang, Yujia Li, Zhihao Lian, Shouxing Wei, Kashmala Jabbar, Muhammad Wisal, Ikramullah Khan, Muhammad Khalid, Jingyang Li","doi":"10.1002/pld3.624","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.624","url":null,"abstract":"Cytoplasmic projections (CPs) formed by the generative and sperm cells link the male gametes with the vegetative cell (VC) nucleus, which are required to build the male germ unit (MGU) assemblage in the angiosperm pollen grain. As molecular and genetic controls underlying CP development and formation of the MGU are unknown, it was hypothesized that physical association between germ cells and the VC nucleus might be lost in germ unit malformed (gum) mutants or in those which either block generative cell (GC) division or that additionally prevent gamete differentiation. In vivo, analysis of marked cellular components demonstrated a linkage of sperm cells (SCs) and the VC nucleus in gum mutant alleles despite their increased physical separation. Similarly, for several independent classes of bicellular pollen mutants, undivided GCs were associated with the VC nucleus like GCs in wild-type pollen. We conclude that the early formation of GC CPs to establish the MGU is regulated independently of DUO1-DAZ1 and DUO3 transcription factors as well as cyclin-dependent kinase function (CDKA;1). As the absence of cytoplasmic protrusion was expected in the gum mutants in Arabidopsis, early histological studies reported temporal disappearance of cytoplasmic protrusion in several organisms. Our findings demonstrated the striking importance of live imaging to verify the broad conservation of the persistent MGU contact in all the angiosperms and its important role in successful double fertilization.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11286290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating a role for PUB17 and PUB16 in the self-incompatibility signaling pathway in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. 研究 PUB17 和 PUB16 在转基因拟南芥自相容信号通路中的作用

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-23 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.622

Paula K S Beronilla, Daphne R Goring

{"title":"Investigating a role for PUB17 and PUB16 in the self-incompatibility signaling pathway in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Paula K S Beronilla, Daphne R Goring","doi":"10.1002/pld3.622","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.622","url":null,"abstract":"In Brassicaceae self-incompatibility (SI), self-pollen rejection is initiated by the S-haplotype specific interactions between the pollen S cysteine-rich/S-locus protein 11 (SCR/SP11) ligands and the stigma S receptor kinases (SRK). In Brassica SI, a member of the Plant U-Box (PUB) E3 ubiquitin ligases, ARM-repeat containing 1 (ARC1), is then activated by SRK in this stigma and cellular events downstream of this cause SI pollen rejection by inhibiting pollen hydration and pollen tube growth. During the transition to selfing, Arabidopsis thaliana lost the SI components, SCR, SRK, and ARC1. However, this trait can be reintroduced into A. thaliana by adding back functional copies of these genes from closely related SI species. Both SCR and SRK are required for this, though the degree of SI pollen rejection varies between A. thaliana accessions, and ARC1 is not always needed to produce a strong SI response. For the A. thaliana C24 accession, only transforming with Arabidopsis lyrata SCR and SRK confers a strong SI trait (SI-C24), and so here, we investigated if ARC1-related PUBs were involved in the SI pathway in the transgenic A. thaliana SI-C24 line. Two close ARC1 homologs, PUB17 and PUB16, were selected, and (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology was used to generate pub17 and pub16 mutations in the C24 accession. These mutants were then crossed into the transgenic A. thaliana SI-C24 line and their potential impact on SI pollen rejection was investigated. Overall, we did not observe any significant differences in SI responses to implicate PUB17 and PUB16 functioning in the transgenic A. thaliana SI-C24 stigma to reject SI pollen.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11263811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying aluminum toxicity effects on corn phenotype using advanced imaging technologies. 利用先进的成像技术量化铝毒性对玉米表型的影响。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-22 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.623

Lóránt Szőke, Brigitta Tóth, Tomislav Javornik, Boris Lazarević

{"title":"Quantifying aluminum toxicity effects on corn phenotype using advanced imaging technologies.","authors":"Lóránt Szőke, Brigitta Tóth, Tomislav Javornik, Boris Lazarević","doi":"10.1002/pld3.623","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.623","url":null,"abstract":"Soil acidity (pH <5.5) limits agricultural production due to aluminum (Al) toxicity. The primary target of Al toxicity is the plant root. However, symptoms can be observed on the shoots. This study aims to determine the potential use of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, multispectral imaging, and 3D multispectral scanning technology to quantify the effects of Al toxicity on corn. Corn seedlings were grown for 13 days in nutrient solutions (pH 4.0) with four Al treatments: 50, 100, 200, and 400 μM and a control (0 μM AlCl3 L-1). During the experiment, four measurements were performed: four (MT1), six (MT2), 11 (MT3), and 13 (MT4) days after the application of Al treatments. The most sensitive traits affected by Al toxicity were the reduction of plant growth and increased reflectance in the visible wavelength (affected at MT1). The reflectance of red wavelengths increased more significantly compared to near-infrared and green wavelengths, leading to a decrease in the normalized difference vegetation index and the Green Leaf Index. The most sensitive chlorophyll fluorescence traits, effective quantum yield of PSII, and photochemical quenching coefficient were affected after prolonged Al exposure (MT3). This study demonstrates the usability of selected phenotypic traits in remote sensing studies to map Al-toxic soils and in high-throughput phenotyping studies to screen Al-tolerant genotypes.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of constitutive root isoprene emission on root phenotype and physiology under control and salt stress conditions. 在控制和盐胁迫条件下，组成型根系异戊二烯排放对根系表型和生理的影响。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-06 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.617

Manuel Bellucci, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Sarathi M Weraduwage, Yuan Xu, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Laura De Gara, Francesco Loreto, Thomas D Sharkey

{"title":"The effect of constitutive root isoprene emission on root phenotype and physiology under control and salt stress conditions.","authors":"Manuel Bellucci, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Sarathi M Weraduwage, Yuan Xu, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Laura De Gara, Francesco Loreto, Thomas D Sharkey","doi":"10.1002/pld3.617","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.617","url":null,"abstract":"Isoprene, a volatile hydrocarbon, is typically emitted from the leaves of many plant species. Given its well-known function in plant growth and defense aboveground, we examined its effects on root physiology. We used isoprene-emitting (IE) lines and a non-emitting (NE) line of Arabidopsis and investigated their performance by analyzing root phenotype, hormone levels, transcriptome, and metabolite profiles under both normal and salt stress conditions. We show that IE lines emitted tiny amounts of isoprene from roots and showed an increased root/shoot ratio compared with NE line. Isoprene emission exerted a noteworthy influence on hormone profiles related to plant growth and stress response, promoting root development and salt-stress resistance. Methyl erythritol 4-phosphate pathway metabolites, precursors of isoprene and hormones, were higher in the roots of IE lines than in the NE line. Transcriptome data indicated that the presence of isoprene increased the expression of key genes involved in hormone metabolism/signaling. Our findings reveal that constitutive root isoprene emission sustains root growth under saline conditions by regulating and/or priming hormone biosynthesis and signaling mechanisms and expression of key genes relevant to salt stress defense.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11227114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overexpression of CsBRC, an F-box gene from Camellia sinensis, increased the plant branching in tobacco and rice. 过量表达来自山茶的 F-box 基因 CsBRC 增加了烟草和水稻的植株分枝。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-03 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.618

Bokun Zhou, Qi Sheng, Xinzhuan Yao, Tong Li, Litang Lu

{"title":"Overexpression of CsBRC, an F-box gene from Camellia sinensis, increased the plant branching in tobacco and rice.","authors":"Bokun Zhou, Qi Sheng, Xinzhuan Yao, Tong Li, Litang Lu","doi":"10.1002/pld3.618","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.618","url":null,"abstract":"Tea plant (Camellia sinensis [L.]) is one of the most important crops in China, and tea branch is an important agronomic trait that determines the yield of tea plant. In previous work focused on GWAS that detecting GWAS signals related to plant architecture through whole genome re-sequencing of ancient tea plants, a gene locus TEA 029928 significantly related to plant type was found. Sequence alignment results showed that this gene belonged to the F-box family. We named it CsBRC. CsBRC-GFP fusion proteins were mainly localized in the plasma membrane. By comparing the phenotypes of CsBRC transgenic tobacco and WT tobacco, it was found that the number of branches of transgenic tobacco was significantly higher than that of wild-type tobacco. Through RNA-seq analysis, it was found that CsBRC affects the branching development of plants by regulating the expression of genes related to brassinosteroid synthesis pathway in plants. In addition, overexpression of CsBRC in rice could increase tiller number, grain length and width, and 1,000-grain weight.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11220506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the diversity of galls on Artemisia indica induced by Rhopalomyia species through morphological and transcriptome analyses. 通过形态学和转录组分析探索 Rhopalomyia 物种诱发的茵陈蒿虫瘿的多样性。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-02 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.619

Seiji Takeda, Makiko Yoza, Sawako Ueda, Sakura Takeuchi, Akiteru Maeno, Tomoaki Sakamoto, Seisuke Kimura

{"title":"Exploring the diversity of galls on Artemisia indica induced by Rhopalomyia species through morphological and transcriptome analyses.","authors":"Seiji Takeda, Makiko Yoza, Sawako Ueda, Sakura Takeuchi, Akiteru Maeno, Tomoaki Sakamoto, Seisuke Kimura","doi":"10.1002/pld3.619","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.619","url":null,"abstract":"Plant galls generated by insects have highly organized structures, providing nutrients and shelter to the insects living within them. Most research on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of gall development has focused on single galls. To understand the diversity of gall development, we examined five galls with different morphologies generated by distinct species of Rhopalomyia (gall midge; Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on a single host plant of Artemisia indica var. maximowiczii (Asteraceae). Vasculature developed de novo within the galls, indicating active transport of nutrients between galls and the host plant. Each gall had a different pattern of vasculature and lignification, probably due to differences in the site of gall generation and the gall midge species. Transcriptome analysis indicated that photosynthetic and cell wall-related genes were down-regulated in leaf and stem galls, respectively, compared with control leaf and stem tissues, whereas genes involved in floral organ development were up-regulated in all types of galls, indicating that transformation from source to sink organs occurs during gall development. Our results help to understand the diversity of galls on a single herbaceous host plant.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11219473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wheat NAC transcription factor NAC5-1 is a positive regulator of senescence. 小麦 NAC 转录因子 NAC5-1 是衰老的正调控因子。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-07-02 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.620

Catherine Evans, Sophie Louise Mogg, Charline Soraru, Emma Wallington, Juliet Coates, Philippa Borrill

{"title":"Wheat NAC transcription factor NAC5-1 is a positive regulator of senescence.","authors":"Catherine Evans, Sophie Louise Mogg, Charline Soraru, Emma Wallington, Juliet Coates, Philippa Borrill","doi":"10.1002/pld3.620","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.620","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important source of both calories and protein in global diets, but there is a trade-off between grain yield and protein content. The timing of leaf senescence could mediate this trade-off as it is associated with both declines in photosynthesis and nitrogen remobilization from leaves to grain. NAC transcription factors play key roles in regulating senescence timing. In rice, OsNAC5 expression is correlated with increased protein content and upregulated in senescing leaves, but the role of the wheat ortholog in senescence had not been characterized. We verified that NAC5-1 is the ortholog of OsNAC5 and that it is expressed in senescing flag leaves in wheat. To characterize NAC5-1, we combined missense mutations in NAC5-A1 and NAC5-B1 from a TILLING mutant population and overexpressed NAC5-A1 in wheat. Mutation in NAC5-1 was associated with delayed onset of flag leaf senescence, while overexpression of NAC5-A1 was associated with slightly earlier onset of leaf senescence. DAP-seq was performed to locate transcription factor binding sites of NAC5-1. Analysis of DAP-seq and comparison with other studies identified putative downstream target genes of NAC5-1 which could be associated with senescence. This work showed that NAC5-1 is a positive transcriptional regulator of leaf senescence in wheat. Further research is needed to test the effect of NAC5-1 on yield and protein content in field trials, to assess the potential to exploit this senescence regulator to develop high-yielding wheat while maintaining grain protein content.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 7","pages":"e620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Albino lethal 13, a chloroplast-imported protein required for chloroplast development in rice. 白化致死 13 是水稻叶绿体发育所需的叶绿体输入蛋白。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-06-20 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.610

Xiaoqiong Guo, Chunli Wang, Qian Zhu, Wenhua Dongchen, Xiaoling Zhang, Wei Li, Hui Zhang, Cui Zhang, Zar Ni Naing Nant Nyein, Mengting Li, Lijuan Chen, Dongsun Lee

{"title":"Albino lethal 13, a chloroplast-imported protein required for chloroplast development in rice.","authors":"Xiaoqiong Guo, Chunli Wang, Qian Zhu, Wenhua Dongchen, Xiaoling Zhang, Wei Li, Hui Zhang, Cui Zhang, Zar Ni Naing Nant Nyein, Mengting Li, Lijuan Chen, Dongsun Lee","doi":"10.1002/pld3.610","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.610","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroplasts play a vital role in plant growth and development, which are the main sites of photosynthesis and the production of hormones and metabolites. Despite their significance, the regulatory mechanisms governing chloroplast development remain unclear. In our investigation, we identified a rice mutant with defective chloroplasts in rice (Oryza sativa L.), named albino lethal 13 (osal13), which displayed a distinct albino phenotype in leaves, ultimately resulting in seedling lethality. Molecular cloning revealed that OsAL13 encodes a novel rice protein with no homologous gene or known conserved domain. This gene was located in the chloroplast and exhibited constitutive expression in various tissues, particularly in green tissues and regions of active cell growth. Our study's findings reveal that RNAi-mediated knockdown of OsAL13 led to a pronounced albino phenotype, reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, a vesicle chloroplast structure, and a decrease in the expression of chloroplast-associated genes. Consequently, the pollen fertility and seed setting rate were lower compared with the wild type. In contrast, the overexpression of OsAL13 resulted in an increased photosynthetic rate, a higher total grain number per panicle, and enhanced levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the roots and gibberellin A3 (GA3) in the shoot. These outcomes provide new insights on the role of OsAL13 in regulating chloroplast development in rice.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 6","pages":"e610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The activation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii alpha amylase 2 by glutamine requires its N-terminal aspartate kinase-chorismate mutase-tyrA (ACT) domain. 谷氨酰胺对衣藻α-淀粉酶 2 的激活需要其 N 端天冬氨酸激酶-蝶呤突变酶（ACT）结构域。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-06-20 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.609

Lisa Scholtysek, Ansgar Poetsch, Eckhard Hofmann, Anja Hemschemeier

{"title":"The activation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii alpha amylase 2 by glutamine requires its N-terminal aspartate kinase-chorismate mutase-tyrA (ACT) domain.","authors":"Lisa Scholtysek, Ansgar Poetsch, Eckhard Hofmann, Anja Hemschemeier","doi":"10.1002/pld3.609","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.609","url":null,"abstract":"The coordination of assimilation pathways for all the elements that make up cellular components is a vital task for every organism. Integrating the assimilation and use of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) is of particular importance because of the high cellular abundance of these elements. Starch is one of the most important storage polymers of photosynthetic organisms, and a complex regulatory network ensures that biosynthesis and degradation of starch are coordinated with photosynthetic activity and growth. Here, we analyzed three starch metabolism enzymes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that we captured by a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) affinity chromatography approach, namely, soluble starch synthase STA3, starch-branching enzyme SBE1, and α-amylase AMA2. While none of the recombinant enzymes was directly affected by the presence of cGMP or other nucleotides, suggesting an indirect binding to cGMP, AMA2 activity was stimulated in the presence of L-glutamine (Gln). This activating effect required the enzyme's N-terminal aspartate kinase-chorismate mutase-tyrA domain. Gln is the first N assimilation product and not only a central compound for the biosynthesis of N-containing molecules but also a recognized signaling molecule for the N status. Our observation suggests that AMA2 might be a means to coordinate N and C metabolism at the enzymatic level, increasing the liberation of C skeletons from starch when high Gln levels signal an abundance of assimilated N.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 6","pages":"e609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11190351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid induces PSTVd tolerance in tomato. 黄腐醇和棘囊酸可诱导番茄耐受 PSTVd。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2024-06-20 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.612

Wenkun Tang, Zhichao Tang, Haiyi Liu, Jinbiao Lu, Qianyun Du, Huan Tian, Jingwei Li

{"title":"Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid induces PSTVd tolerance in tomato.","authors":"Wenkun Tang, Zhichao Tang, Haiyi Liu, Jinbiao Lu, Qianyun Du, Huan Tian, Jingwei Li","doi":"10.1002/pld3.612","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.612","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is a popular vegetable worldwide; its production is highly threatened by infection with the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). We obtained the full-length genome sequence of previously conserved PSTVd and inoculated it on four genotypes of semi-cultivated tomatoes selected from a local tomato germplasm resource. SC-5, which is a PSTVd-resistant genotype, and SC-96, which is a PSTVd-sensitive genotype, were identified by detecting the fruit yield, plant growth, biomass accumulation, physiological indices, and PSTVd genome titer after PSTVd inoculation. A non-target metabolomics study was conducted on PSTVd-infected and control SC-5 to identify potential anti-PSTVd metabolites. The platform of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detected 158 or 123 differential regulated metabolites in modes of positive ion or negative ion. Principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of the global metabolite profile between PSTVd-infected leaves and control regardless of the detection mode. The potential anti-PSTVd compounds, xanthohumol, oxalicine B, indole-3-carbinol, and rosmarinic acid were significantly upregulated in positive ion mode, whereas echinocystic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 5-acetylsalicylic acid were upregulated in negative ion mode. Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid were detected as the most upregulated metabolites and were exogenously applied on PSTVd-diseased SC-96 seedlings. Both xanthohumol and echinocystic acid had instant and long-term inhibition effect on PSTVd titer. The highest reduction of disease symptom was induced by 2.6 mg/L of xanthohumol and 2.0 mg/L of echinocystic acid after 10 days of leaf spraying, respectively. A superior effect was seen on echinocystic acid than on xanthohumol. Our study provides a statistical basis for breeding anti-viroid tomato genotypes and creating plant-originating chemical preparations to prevent viroid disease.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"8 6","pages":"e612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11190350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0