Plant Direct最新文献

Genetic Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Cornus Species: The Roles of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors. 山茱萸花青素合成的遗传调控：R2R3-MYB转录因子的作用

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-10-02 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70104

Žaklina Pavlović, Miriam Payá-Milans, Marzena Nowakowska, Matthew L Huff, Kimberly D Gwinn, Robert N Trigiano, Marcin Nowicki

{"title":"Genetic Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Cornus Species: The Roles of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors.","authors":"Žaklina Pavlović, Miriam Payá-Milans, Marzena Nowakowska, Matthew L Huff, Kimberly D Gwinn, Robert N Trigiano, Marcin Nowicki","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.70104","url":null,"abstract":"Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) and Asian dogwood (Cornus kousa F. Buerger ex Hance) are popular deciduous ornamental trees native to a wide range of the eastern and southeastern United States and East Asia, respectively. Anthocyanin pigments enhance desirable pink or dark red colored bracts in dogwoods. Although anthocyanin biosynthesis is one of the best-studied biological processes in nature, genomic and genetic resources to understand the molecular regulation of its synthesis in dogwoods are still lacking. Two classes of genes control anthocyanin production; both structural genes and MYB transcription factors may function as positive or negative regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis. To reveal the molecular mechanisms that govern color production in ornamental dogwoods, mature bracts of three cultivars of C. florida (white bracts: \"Cloud Nine\"; red bracts: \"Cherokee Brave,\" and \"Cherokee Chief\") and two cultivars of C. kousa (light green bracts: \"Greensleeves\" and midtone pink bracts \"Rosy Teacups\") were sampled when color was maximally visible. Differential gene expression analysis of the RNAseq data identified 1156 differentially expressed genes in C. florida and 1396 in C. kousa. Phylogenetic analysis with functional orthologues in other plants grouped the candidate R2R3-MYB identified in this study into two distinct subgroups. CfMYB2, CfMYB3, and CkMYB2 belong to Subgroup 4, whereas CfMYB1 80 and CkMYB1 clustered in Subgroup 5. Genes in the former group repress anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin synthesis in flowering and Asian dogwoods, whereas genes in the latter increase it. Our study contributes to understanding processes behind anthocyanin production and lays the foundation for the future development of molecular markers for faster development of desirable red-bracted dogwoods.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study on the Response Mechanism of Davidia involucrata Baill. to Drought Stress Based on Transcriptomic Analysis. 珙桐响应机制的研究。对干旱胁迫的转录组学分析。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-10-02 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70109

Shuang Li, Jiankuo Du

{"title":"A Study on the Response Mechanism of Davidia involucrata Baill. to Drought Stress Based on Transcriptomic Analysis.","authors":"Shuang Li, Jiankuo Du","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.70109","url":null,"abstract":"Davidia involucrata Baill. is a species that thrives in warm, humid climates with consistently moist soil conditions. With rising global temperatures and an increasing frequency of droughts, the natural habitat of Davidia involucrata Baill. is facing severe threats. In-depth investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying Davidia involucrata Baill.'s response to drought stress is crucial for the conservation of this rare species and the enhancement of its environmental adaptability. This study systematically analyzed the drought stress response of Davidia involucrata Baill. under varying light conditions through transcriptome data analysis. The results showed that under different light conditions, Davidia involucrata Baill. responded to drought stress by regulating its internal osmotic balance via the \"response to mannitol\" pathway. Notably, the molecular mechanisms by which Davidia involucrata Baill. responds to drought stress vary significantly under different light conditions. Compared with high light intensity, Davidia involucrata Baill. under shaded conditions responded to drought stress by upregulating glycosyltransferase-related pathways. In addition, three soil drought-related pathway genes (SDRPGs) (Dinv08247, Dinv34952, and Dinv00865) involved in the regulation of drought stress in Davidia involucrata Baill. were identified, and both ABA and SA were found to influence their expression. As a key environmental factor, air humidification may enhance the drought stress adaptability of Davidia involucrata Baill. by modulating ABA biosynthesis. The SDRPGs and signaling pathways identified in this study may serve as important candidate targets, providing theoretical guidance and scientific reference for the genetic improvement of drought resistance in Davidia involucrata Baill. and the long-term conservation of rare plant resources.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Genotypic Variations in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway in Potatoes. 马铃薯花青素生物合成途径基因型变异分析。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-26 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70093

Chae-Min Lee, Seung Yong Shin, Su-Jin Park, Ji-Sun Park, Changsoo Kim, Hyun-Soon Kim, Hyo-Jun Lee

{"title":"Analysis of Genotypic Variations in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway in Potatoes.","authors":"Chae-Min Lee, Seung Yong Shin, Su-Jin Park, Ji-Sun Park, Changsoo Kim, Hyun-Soon Kim, Hyo-Jun Lee","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70093","url":null,"abstract":"Anthocyanins are pigments that contribute to plant defense and adaptation to environmental stresses. Given their antioxidant properties and positive impacts on human health, enhancing anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants holds significant economic importance. In potato, several genotypes produce a high amount of anthocyanins, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the genotypic variation of anthocyanin content remain poorly understood. Here, key genes that may determine the genotype-dependent capacity for anthocyanin biosynthesis were analyzed. Anthocyanin content in tubers from five genotypes was measured, and Heimeiren and Desiree, exhibiting high and low anthocyanin content, respectively, were selected. We were unable to identify any evidence of differing activity in anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes based on single amino acid polymorphism analysis between the two genotypes. However, transcriptome sequencing coupled with prediction of gene function identified 27 candidate genes showing different expression levels in tubers of these genotypes. We additionally verified expression patterns of these genes and found that four genes encoding flavanone 3-hydroxylase, flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase, anthocyanin synthase (ANS), and anthocyanin O-methyltransferase (AOMT) were strong candidates for high accumulation of anthocyanins in Heimeiren. Particularly, ANS and AOMT are strong candidates increasing anthocyanin content in the tuber flesh. These results imply that genotype-dependent variations of anthocyanin biosynthesis may be due to difference of gene expression, but not enzymatic activities. Our study suggests key anthocyanin biosynthesis genes showing different expression levels in high- and low-anthocyanin genotypes, offering potential for the metabolic engineering of potatoes to increase anthocyanin content.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early Flowering 3 (ELF3) Inhibits Hypocotyl Phototropism in Light-Grown Arabidopsis Seedlings. 早花3 （ELF3）抑制光生长拟南芥幼苗下胚轴向光性

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-23 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70107

Geoffrey M C Cobb, Johanna Krahmer, Ganesh M Nawkar, Alessandra Boccaccini, Sandi Paulišić, Christian Fankhauser

{"title":"Early Flowering 3 (ELF3) Inhibits Hypocotyl Phototropism in Light-Grown Arabidopsis Seedlings.","authors":"Geoffrey M C Cobb, Johanna Krahmer, Ganesh M Nawkar, Alessandra Boccaccini, Sandi Paulišić, Christian Fankhauser","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70107","url":null,"abstract":"Phototropic bending of plants towards a light source allows them to position their photosynthetic tissues to optimize light capture. In light-grown (de-etiolated) Arabidopsis seedlings, phototropic bending of the hypocotyl is inhibited by light with a high red:far-red ratio (HRFR) and high levels of blue light (HBL). This occurs via activation of the phytochrome B (phyB) and cryptochrome 1 (cry1) photoreceptor signaling pathways. Both phyB and cry1 act upstream of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) transcription factors, which are required for hypocotyl bending in light-grown seedlings. Presently, it is not known whether other pathways are involved in the inhibition of PIF-mediated phototropism in light-grown seedlings. To address this, we conducted a screen to identify mutants with increased phototropic bending relative to wild type in HRFR + HBL conditions. Through this screen, we identified EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a member of the Evening Complex (EC), as a key inhibitor of phototropic bending in green seedlings. We show that both ELF3 and LUX, another component of the EC, inhibit phototropic bending upstream of PIF4/PIF5. Furthermore, we show that phototropic bending in Arabidopsis seedlings is subject to circadian regulation in an ELF3-dependent manner. Finally, we provide evidence that ELF3 in the grass Brachypodium distachyon also affects phototropism but in an opposite way than in Arabidopsis.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Apple DELLA Is Degraded Under Warm Temperature Conditions in Nicotiana benthamiana Leaves Through a COP1-Dependent Mechanism. 暖温条件下苹果DELLA在烟叶中通过cop1依赖机制降解

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-19 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70108

Mohamad Al Bolbol, Cecilia Costigliolo-Rojas, Evelyne Costes, David Alabadί, Fernando Andrés

{"title":"Apple DELLA Is Degraded Under Warm Temperature Conditions in Nicotiana benthamiana Leaves Through a COP1-Dependent Mechanism.","authors":"Mohamad Al Bolbol, Cecilia Costigliolo-Rojas, Evelyne Costes, David Alabadί, Fernando Andrés","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70108","url":null,"abstract":"In apple (Malus domestica), flowering is repressed by the phytohormone gibberellin (GA) and high temperatures (> 27°C), but the molecular mechanisms underlying this repression remain unknown. In Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), GA and temperature signaling converge on DELLA protein regulation, with both factors promoting DELLA degradation through independent 26S proteasome-mediated pathways. Here, we tested whether high-temperature-induced DELLA degradation is conserved in apple. Using the heterologous systems Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana, we characterized the function of the apple DELLA protein DELLA REPRESSOR OF ga1-3 (MdRGL1a) and found that high temperatures promote its degradation via a 26S proteasome-dependent mechanism. Additionally, MdRGL1a interacts with apple orthologs of Arabidopsis CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) and SUPPRESSOR OF phyA-105 2 (SPA2), components of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that mediates protein ubiquitination and degradation. These findings suggest a conserved mechanism of temperature-induced DELLA degradation between apple and Arabidopsis. The degradation of MdRGL1a may underlie flowering suppression in apple under high temperatures, providing molecular insights that could aid in developing strategies to stabilize apple and other crop production in the face of climate change.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of the Conditions of Cultivation of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Their Antagonistic Activity Against Some Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 乳酸菌培养条件对其对几种植物病原菌拮抗活性的影响。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-15 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70101

Olha Vasyliuk, Inna Garmasheva, Serhii Skrotskyi, Liudmyla Khomenko, Ihor Hretskyi, Natalia Senchylo

{"title":"The Influence of the Conditions of Cultivation of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Their Antagonistic Activity Against Some Plant Pathogenic Bacteria.","authors":"Olha Vasyliuk, Inna Garmasheva, Serhii Skrotskyi, Liudmyla Khomenko, Ihor Hretskyi, Natalia Senchylo","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70101","url":null,"abstract":"Plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms result in significant damage to agriculture. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), in particular strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), are used as one of the biocontrol methods against plant pathogenic bacteria due to high antagonistic activity associated with their metabolic potential. We have investigated the influence of nutrient medium components (various carbon and nitrogen sources) and cultivation conditions (temperature, duration, and pH) of L. plantarum strains on the level of their antagonistic activity against the test strains of plant pathogenic bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of LAB supernatants was maximal in the presence of 3% (30 g/L) sucrose as the main carbon source and 1% (10 g/L) tyrosine as the main nitrogen source in the nutrient medium against all investigated test strains of PPB. However, the use of such a carbon source as galactose or arabinose led to a decrease or even absence of antimicrobial properties of LAB against phytopathogenic bacteria. The optimal conditions for cultivation of lactobacilli were determined: cultivation temperature +30 ± 1°C, pH 7.8, and duration 72 h. Strains of L. plantarum 13c and 21c caused zones of inhibition in test pathogens from 298 to 291 mm. Whereas during 24-h cultivation of LAB strains, their antagonistic activity was significantly lower, and the zones of inhibition decreased by 30%. The duration and temperature had a significant effect on increasing the antagonistic activity of L. plantarum strains, in contrast to the pH of the medium (p ≥ 0.05).","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12436069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Algal Nutrient-Replete, Optimized Medium for Fast Growth and High Triacylglycerol Accumulation. 一种营养丰富的藻类快速生长和高甘油三酯积累优化培养基。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-12 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70106

Tim L Jeffers, Ryan McCombs, Stefan Schmollinger, Srikanth Tirumani, Shivani Upadhyaya, Sabeeha S Merchant, Krishna K Niyogi, Melissa S Roth

{"title":"An Algal Nutrient-Replete, Optimized Medium for Fast Growth and High Triacylglycerol Accumulation.","authors":"Tim L Jeffers, Ryan McCombs, Stefan Schmollinger, Srikanth Tirumani, Shivani Upadhyaya, Sabeeha S Merchant, Krishna K Niyogi, Melissa S Roth","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70106","url":null,"abstract":"Microalgae are promising sources to sustainably meet the global needs for energy and products. Algae grow under different trophic conditions, where nutritional status regulates biosynthetic pathways, energy production, and growth. The green alga Chromochloris zofingiensis has strong economic potential because it co-produces biofuel precursors and the high-value antioxidant astaxanthin while accumulating biomass when grown mixotrophically. As an emerging reference alga for photosynthesis, metabolism, and bioproduction, C. zofingiensis needs a defined, optimized medium to standardize experiments during fast growth for batch cultivation. Because the interplay of glucose treatment (+Glc) and mineral deficiency influences photosynthesis, growth, and the production of lipids and astaxanthin, we designed a replete nutrient medium tailored to the C. zofingiensis cellular ionome. We combined inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and +Glc growth curves to determine a medium that is nutrient replete for at least 5 days of +Glc logarithmic growth. We found that there are high nutritional needs for phosphorus and sulfur during mixotrophy. Iron was the only element measured for which the cellular concentration correlated with exogenous concentration and was iteratively adjusted until the cellular ionome was consistent through the logarithmic growth phase. This Chromochloris-Optimized Ratio of Elements (CORE) medium supports fast growth and high biomass and lipid accumulation without causing excess nutrient toxicity. This defined, nutrient-replete standard is important for future C. zofingiensis investigations and can be adapted for other species to support high biomass for batch cultivation. The method used to develop CORE medium shows how ionomics informs replicable media design and may be applied in industrial settings to inform cost-effective biofuel production.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and Evolution of Salt-Tolerant Genes in Weedy Rice Through High-Throughput Resequencing. 杂草稻耐盐基因的高通量重测序鉴定与进化

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-12 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70096

Bing Zou, Bing Han, Jianchang Sun, Mingmao Sun, Xiaoding Ma, Li Chen, Di Cui, Jing Ma, Xiaohong Guo, Longzhi Han

{"title":"Identification and Evolution of Salt-Tolerant Genes in Weedy Rice Through High-Throughput Resequencing.","authors":"Bing Zou, Bing Han, Jianchang Sun, Mingmao Sun, Xiaoding Ma, Li Chen, Di Cui, Jing Ma, Xiaohong Guo, Longzhi Han","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70096","url":null,"abstract":"Weedy rice, a wild relative of cultivated rice, is highly stress-resistant and proliferates in paddy fields. In this study, 353 weedy rice accessions were analyzed to identify salt-tolerance genes using population evolution analysis, phenotypic screening, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), transcriptome analysis, haplotype characterization, gene knockout experiments, and Na+ and K+ ion flux assays. Population structure analysis classified the accessions into six distinct groups. Three salt-tolerant accessions-HW131, HW136, and HW119-were identified based on leaf rolling degree (LRD), leaf withering degree (LWD), chlorophyll content (ChlC), and nitrogen content (NC) traits. GWAS and transcriptome data pinpointed LOC_Os06g39270 and LOC_Os06g11860 as candidate salt-tolerance genes. Haplotype analysis and qPCR confirmed two major haplotypes: AHap2 and BHap1. A 2-bp deletion (TC) at position 818 bp in LOC_Os06g11860 was associated with severe salt sensitivity (phenotypic grade 7), whereas the wild-type exhibited strong tolerance (grade1). Knockout mutants exhibited significantly increased Na+ and K+ flux across mesophyll cell membranes compared to wild-type plants, validating LOC_Os06g11860 (OsERFH1) as a crucial salt-tolerance gene. This study provides novel genetic insights into salt-stress adaptation in weedy rice, paving the way for breeding enhanced salt-tolerant varieties.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12427351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145064992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of the Mechanisms of MCPA Resistance in Amaranthus powellii. 苋菜MCPA抗性机制的测定。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-09-11 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70105

Isabelle Aicklen, Mithila Jugulam, Todd Gaines, William Kramer, Martin Laforest, Darren Robinson, Peter Sikkema, François Tardif

{"title":"Determination of the Mechanisms of MCPA Resistance in Amaranthus powellii.","authors":"Isabelle Aicklen, Mithila Jugulam, Todd Gaines, William Kramer, Martin Laforest, Darren Robinson, Peter Sikkema, François Tardif","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70105","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to 2-methyl-4-chloro-phenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) was recently confirmed in a population of green pigweed (Amaranthus powellii) from Dresden, Ontario, Canada, with a resistance factor of 4.4. Resistance to synthetic auxin herbicides in Amaranthus species has previously been linked to non-target site resistance mechanisms with low-level resistance factors (< 10). Based on this information, an investigation into the mechanism of resistance to MCPA was conducted in this population of green pigweed. No significant differences in absorption, translocation, and metabolism of 14C-MCPA existed between the resistant and a susceptible population of green pigweed. An RNA-Sequencing experiment to identify differentially expressed genes also confirmed this result. Genes that were differentially expressed in the resistant population were linked to target site modifications. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) conferring a leucine to phenylalanine substitution was identified in auxin response factor (ARF) 9. This mutation may be in the Phox and Bem1p (PB1) domain in ARF9, which facilitates the interaction between ARFs and Aux/IAA repressor proteins. The results demonstrate that the mechanism of resistance to MCPA is not a non-target site mechanism and may be linked to a target site modification. Specifically, a SNP in ARF9 could disrupt the interaction between ARF9 and other Aux/IAAs, which could prevent ubiquitination of Aux/IAAs and subsequent lethal action of MCPA.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 9","pages":"e70105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soybean Cyst Nematode-Resistant Protein AAT_Rhg1 Affects Amino Acid Homeostasis and Betalain Accumulation. 大豆包囊线虫抗性蛋白AATRhg1影响氨基酸稳态和甜菜素积累。

IF 2.3 3区生物学

Plant Direct Pub Date : 2025-08-26 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70098

Yulin Du, Soyoung Jung, Hiroshi Maeda, Andrew F Bent

{"title":"Soybean Cyst Nematode-Resistant Protein AATRhg1 Affects Amino Acid Homeostasis and Betalain Accumulation.","authors":"Yulin Du, Soyoung Jung, Hiroshi Maeda, Andrew F Bent","doi":"10.1002/pld3.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.70098","url":null,"abstract":"Amino acid transporters play crucial roles in plant nitrogen metabolism but also in defense responses. AATRhg1, an apparent amino acid transporter encoded by Glyma.18g022400 (Rhg1-GmAAT) at the soybean Rhg1 locus, contributes to resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN), although the in planta function of AATRhg1 remains elusive. In this study, we discovered that overexpression of Rhg1-GmAAT in soybean roots enhances the betalain pigment synthesis driven by a RUBY transgene cassette, potentially through its transporter activity affecting tyrosine levels and amino acid homeostasis. Silencing Rhg1-GmAAT also moderately increased betalain accumulation, while co-overexpression of Rhg1-GmAAT and GmRBOHG (encoding an AATRhg1-interacting NADPH oxidase) blocked the betalain phenotype, indicating a complex role of AATRhg1 in regulating cellular metabolism. Soybean AATRhg1 did not show a betalain accumulation phenotype when co-overexpressed with RUBY in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, suggesting that soybean AATRhg1 functions differently in N. benthamiana. In soybean, expression of AATRhg1 proteins with mutations at conserved residues D122A or Y268L mitigated or enhanced the betalain phenotypes, respectively, suggesting that these residues are important for AATRhg1 function. This study advances our understanding of AATRhg1 while presenting a novel strategy for enhancing betalain biosynthesis by modulating the transport and homeostasis of amino acids.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":"9 8","pages":"e70098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0