Plant Diversity最新文献

{"title":"Class I TCP transcription factor OsTCP4 suppresses plant height via negatively regulating the green revolution gene <i>SD1</i> (<i>OsGA20ox2</i>) in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>).","authors":"Chen Ruan, Jun Yang, Sen Yang, Wulve Huang, Yang Zhou, Pengcheng Wang, Diqiu Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant height is critical for crops in agricultural research and practice. Optimizing plant height helps to increase yield and lodging resistance. The green revolution gene <i>semi-dwarf 1</i> (<i>SD1</i>) encoding GA 20-oxidase 2 (GA20ox2) has been widely used in modern rice breeding. However, the molecular mechanism of how <i>SD1</i> is transcriptionally regulated remains elusive. TCP proteins, one family of the plant-specific transcription factors (TFs), have been proved to widely distribute in plants and play important roles in plant growth and development. Here, we report a TCP TF OsTCP4, which belongs to class I clade TCP, plays critical roles in regulating plant height of rice through acting as a transcriptional repressor of <i>SD1</i>. OsTCP4 is a nuclear-localized TF, which has a preferential transcriptional accumulation in stem nodes and tiller bases. <i>ostcp4</i> knock-out mutants displayed higher plant height compared with WT, while overexpression of <i>OsTCP4</i> reduced plant height compared with WT, which was confirmed by two cultivars on four planting sites of Yunnan under three-year investigation. The expression of <i>SD1</i> was upregulated in <i>ostcp4</i> mutants and reduced in <i>OsTCP4</i>-overexpression plants. Moreover, OsTCP4 protein directly binds to the promoter region of <i>SD1</i>. The genetic regulation between <i>OsTCP4</i> and <i>SD1</i> was further verified with <i>ossd1 tcp4</i> double mutant. Moreover, distinction of plant height in <i>ostcp4</i> lines and <i>OsTCP4-OE</i> lines is caused by different concentrations of GA₁. Taken together, OsTCP4 acts as a transcriptional repressor of <i>SD1</i> and it may play a critical role in rice growth and development through the fine-tuning of GA₁ biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 4","pages":"823-835"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosome-level genome and population resequencing reveal genetic diversity, demographic history, and climate risk in the East Asian relict tree <i>Perkinsiodendron macgregorii</i>.","authors":"Jiaxin Li, Lihua Yang, Danqi Li, Chen Feng, Ming Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Relict trees are key to understanding macroevolution, biogeography, and extinction risk under environmental change, yet genome-wide data on diversity and demography remain scarce. <i>Perkinsiodendron macgregorii</i>, a monotypic East Asian relict within Styracaceae, is of notable horticultural and conservation significance. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level genome (∼1.15 Gb) and resequenced 167 individuals from 30 populations across its range. We performed a comparative analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and structural variants (SVs) to assess population structure, mutation load, climate-associated variation, and genomic vulnerability. Both SNP and SV datasets consistently resolved two evolutionarily cohesive lineages broadly separated by the Wuyi Mountains. Demographic reconstructions dated East-West divergence to ∼0.16 Ma and revealed a long-term decline in effective population size (<i>N</i> _e) since the Late Pleistocene, with lineage-specific fluctuations through the Quaternary. Genome-wide diversity was moderate overall, but the West lineage showed elevated inbreeding and realized genetic load. Relative to SNPs, SVs showed higher proportions of HIGH-impact mutations (i.e., variants more likely to disrupt gene function), consistent with the larger genomic span of SVs and their greater potential deleterious effects. Functional enrichment of core adaptive variants (755 SNPs, 63 SVs) revealed divergent adaptive signals across marker classes. Genomic offset and RONA projections were concordant and highlighted western Jiangxi and southwestern Hunan as future vulnerability hotspots, with risk increasing under higher-emissions scenarios. Together, these results support recognizing East and West lineages as primary conservation units and prioritizing at-risk West populations (JXJGS, HNSHS) for management, while safeguarding genetically distinctive populations (e.g., JXGS, JXYJF) as secondary units to preserve evolutionary potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 3","pages":"487-500"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13250316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High invader density alone drives invasive plant dominance, but its impacts on native community biomass and diversity depend on nutrients and microplastics.","authors":"Jin Zhang, Haihao Yu, Chunhua Liu, Dan Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly exposed to multiple global change drivers such as nutrient enrichment and emerging pollutants, which significantly influence biological invasions. Although high invader density is known to enhance invasion success, its consequences for native community biomass and diversity under interacting stressors remain insufficiently explored. We conducted a factorial mesocosm experiment using four invasive aquatic macrophytes and five native plant communities to assess the individual and interactive effects of invader density (one vs. two individuals), nutrient enrichment (enriched vs. unenriched), and microplastic pollution (presence vs. absence) on invasion success and native community biomass and diversity. High invader density substantially increased both the absolute and relative biomass of invasive plants (by 75.9% and 32.1%, respectively), and this effect was consistent across nutrient and microplastic treatments. In contrast, native community responses were highly context-dependent. Under nutrient enrichment without microplastics, high invader density enhanced both native biomass and diversity, whereas under low nutrient conditions it reduced native biomass without affecting diversity. When nutrient enrichment and microplastics co-occurred, high invader density decreased native diversity while leaving biomass unchanged; under low nutrient conditions with microplastics, it increased diversity but had no effect on biomass. These findings demonstrate that modest increases in initial invader density can strongly influence invasion success, whereas consequences for native communities depend on the interplay of multiple biotic and abiotic factors, underscoring the multi-factorial nature of plant invasions in changing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 5","pages":"936-942"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity in leaf tannin inducibility across woody and non-woody plants: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Keke Sun, Jianwei Wang, Yanling Zhang, Youzheng Zhang, Lele Liu, Luis Abdala-Roberts, Yaolin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tannins are widespread secondary metabolites that can be induced by herbivory or mechanical damage and contribute to defense against herbivores. Reported tannin inducibility varies across taxa and study designs, making it difficult to separate biological drivers from methodological heterogeneity. Because woodiness covaries with longevity and storage and transport capacity, it may shape inducible chemical defenses, but evidence remains mixed. We synthesized 513 effect sizes from 73 studies, quantified tannin inducibility as the log response ratio (ln<i>RR</i>), and assessed phylogenetic signal. Using multilevel meta-analytic models, we tested the effect of woodiness and interactions between woodiness and multiple experimental contexts, and related ln<i>RR</i> to damage intensity, damage duration, and sampling lag. We found that tannin inducibility was positive but highly heterogeneous, and its phylogenetic signal was weak and inconsistent. Woody taxa showed consistently positive and often statistically detectable inducibility across tannin groups, sampling designs, and induction methods, whereas estimates for non-woody taxa were more variable and often overlapped zero. Moreover, ln<i>RR</i> increased with damage intensity in woody plants, whereas it increased with damage duration only in non-woody plants. In conclusion, our synthesis indicates woodiness as an informative axis for leaf tannin inducibility, suggesting that variation in inducible quantitative defenses is not fully explained by phylogenetic relatedness and may reflect broad life history strategy. To move from pattern to mechanism, future studies should pair inducibility estimates with measurements of storage, transport, and allocation traits under standardized damage and sampling protocols, thereby improving comparability across systems and strengthening mechanistic inference.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 5","pages":"986-996"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into the survival code of karst plants.","authors":"Xiongfang Liu, Yongpeng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Karst endemic plants exhibit profound genetic vulnerability driven by historical and anthropogenic factors.•Whole-genome duplication (WGD) and gene family dynamics are key adaptive mechanisms for karst plant survival.•Genomic data enable precision conservation strategies for endangered karst plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomic conflict in <i>Lycium</i> (Solanaceae): Revealing the roles of hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting, and biogeographic history using nuclear and mitochondrial genomes.","authors":"Gulbar Yisilam, Yu-Zhu Gao, Zuan Wei, Hans Peter Comes, Zheng Li, Pan Li, Xin-Min Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Lycium</i> is of considerable medicinal and economic importance and has a discontinuous intercontinental distribution. However, its evolutionary history remains obscured by morphological convergence, hybridization, and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). Here, we conducted the first phylogenomic study of <i>Lycium,</i> integrating three independent genomic compartments, single-copy nuclear genes, mitochondrial genomes, and published plastid data to reconstruct its history and dissect the roles of incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization, and long-distance dispersal in its evolution. Both concatenation and coalescence methods based on nuclear genes yielded a congruent, well-resolved phylogeny, strongly supporting the monophyly of <i>Lycium</i> and recovering five major clades with a North American lineage as sisters to all the others. This phylogeny reveals significant conflicts with the traditional morphology. Our analyses clarify the primary cause of two distinct types of conflict. First, the pervasive tripartite (nuclear-plastid-mitochondrial) topological discordance is primarily linked to historical hybridization and introgression events, as demonstrated by strong gene-flow signals and detailed network models. In contrast, the discordance observed among gene trees appears to be predominantly influenced by incomplete lineage sorting, with some nodes exhibiting peaks exceeding 60%, indicative of rapid radiation during the Miocene epoch. Divergence dating and ancestral area reconstruction support a North American origin in the early Miocene (∼21.84 Ma), followed by sequential long-distance dispersal to South America across the Pacific, Africa, and Eurasia. Collectively, our results establish a process-based framework for <i>Lycium</i>'s complex evolutionary history, highlighting the interplay of rapid radiation, quantified ILS, modeled hybridization, and bird-mediated dispersal in shaping its intercontinental distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 4","pages":"747-765"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomics unravels the early divergence and diversification in Bignoniaceae.","authors":"Pengpeng Yan, Chang Guo, Xingyong Cui, Enze Li, Yuran Bai, Manuel R Roncal-Rabanal, Gangmin Zhang, Wenpan Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bignoniaceae, a pantropical family comprising 79 genera and 901 species, exhibits remarkable morphological and ecological diversity, including lianas, shrubs, trees, and high-elevation herbs. Reconstructing the early evolutionary history of Bignoniaceae has been particularly challenging due to ancient hybridization/introgression and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). In this study, we re-evaluated the deep branching relationships within Bignoniaceae using phylogenomic data from 1275 single/low-copy nuclear genes and the Angiosperms353 dataset, complemented with chloroplast genomes and quantified the roles of hybridization, and ILS in shaping the family's evolutionary history. Our results robustly resolved Bignoniaceae into ten major clades, with the <i>Argylia</i> clade sister to a clade containing Oroxyleae, the <i>Delostoma</i> clade, Catalpeae, Bignonieae, the <i>Tabebuia</i> alliance, and the Paleotropical clade, while the <i>Delostoma</i> clade and Catalpeae formed a monophyletic lineage. Divergence time estimation revealed a rapid diversification during the early Eocene, coinciding with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum. Several lines of evidence indicate that the predominant factor underlying phylogenetic conflicts across deep nodes is ILS. Introgression/hybridization also contributed significantly, with at least three ancient events detected: between Tourrettieae and the <i>Delostoma</i> clade, between the <i>Delostoma</i> clade and Bignonieae, and a major introgression from the <i>Argylia</i> clade to the Oroxyleae-<i>Delostoma</i>-Catalpeae-Bignonieae-<i>Tabebuia</i>-Paleotropical clade. This study provides a robust phylogenetic foundation and comprehensive evolutionary synthesis for Bignoniaceae, shedding new light on its early diversification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"307-319"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relative role of regional species pools in determining tree species richness and rarity in Chinese subtropical and tropical forests.","authors":"Houjuan Song, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Yongchang Song, Jens-Christian Svenning, Alejandro Ordonez, Oukai Zhang, Xihua Wang, Enrong Yan, Kun Song, Luxiang Lin, Shengbin Chen, Qingpei Yang, Buhang Li, Chuping Wu, Bo Jiang, Chao Jin, Zhiming Zhang, Yi Ding, Huilin Wan, Kankan Shang, Kunfang Cao, Wei Shi, Xin Wang, Xiaoran Wang, Pengcheng Liu, Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The species pool hypothesis argues that local species diversity mainly depends on regional diversity, which is influenced by dispersal, historical and current environmental conditions. We hypothesize that regional factors, such as the size of the regional species pool, current climate, topographical variability, and historical climate stability, also impact local species-abundance patterns, like the rarity of local species, though their specific effects are not yet well understood. Analyzing data from 3307 species across 3923 forest plots in Chinese subtropical and tropical regions, we employed boosted regression trees and structural equation modeling to assess the roles of regional species pool size along with climatic seasonality, topography, and soil factors, in shaping local richness and rarity. We found that local tree species richness declined with increasing latitude, while species rarity decreased from west to east. The factors such as current regional environment, paleoclimate stability, and human disturbance significantly affected local richness and rarity, primarily through their effects on regional species pool size. The impacts of regional mean temperature and elevational range on local richness surpassed local influences. Conversely, local climatic seasonality exerted the strongest influence on species rarity, followed by human activity. Overall, the findings indicate that regions with large regional species pools tend to support diverse communities with high proportions of rare species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"340-350"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation sensitivity to drought depends on bedrock type in a subtropical karst landscape in Southwest China.","authors":"Xiaona Li, Dingwu Zhang, Yinxixue Pan, Xiaogang You, Weijun Luo, Hongyan Liu, Zihan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Droughts pose a significant global threat to ecosystem stability and plant diversity. The sensitivity of vegetation to drought is highly variable, influenced by both vegetation types and landscape properties. However, little is known about whether bedrock type influences vegetation drought sensitivity, especially in karst regions, where unique hydrogeology creates severe water stress for surface vegetation. In this study, we quantify the effect of bedrock types (i.e., limestone, dolomite, and clastic rocks) on vegetation drought sensitivity karst regions across Guizhou Province (China). We found that during the early growing season, vegetation sensitivity to drought was 1.3-1.8 times higher in limestone areas than in dolomite and clastic areas. We also determined that the duration of dry spells is a critical temporal factor that amplifies drought stress. Hierarchical modeling indicated that models jointly incorporating bedrock type and dry spell duration significantly improve predictions of vegetation activity. These findings highlight the crucial role bedrock's in shaping vegetation growth under drought conditions, supporting the integration of bedrock data into hydrologic and climate models to improve their predictive accuracy under drought stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 3","pages":"586-597"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13250290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crown architecture traits mediate shade tolerance-dependent trade-offs and neighborhood interactions in a subtropical forest.","authors":"Qi Wu, Xingchen Wang, Yumeng Huang, Chengwei Li, Lisheng Yang, Zijun Zeng, Yishan Shi, Jianhua Chen, Yunquan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crown architectural traits are critical adaptations that balance light capture with mechanical stability. Given that light availability plays a fundamental role in shaping forest community structure, co-occurring tree species of different shade tolerance guilds exhibit distinct resource acquisition strategies. However, how shade tolerance governs multidimensional crown architecture and mediates neighborhood interactions remains unclear. In a subtropical Chinese forest, we monitored 5-year growth and measured six individual-level crown traits for 3589 trees. We quantified trade-offs among crown traits and evaluated the relative effects of tree size, spatial structure, neighborhood density, and crown trait dissimilarity on growth across shade tolerance guilds. Principal component analysis revealed two major axes: crown shape (PC1, narrow-deep vs. broad-shallow) and crown size (PC2, height and apical dominance). Light-demanding species exhibited higher scores along the crown size axis, consistent with a strategy of rapid vertical growth, whereas shade-tolerant species showed more plastic crown forms, advantageous for persistence under low light conditions. The influence of crown trait-mediated neighborhood interactions on growth also diverged between shade tolerance guilds. Growth of light-demanding species was suppressed by dissimilarity in apical dominance ratio and crown shape (PC1), yet enhanced by dissimilarity in crown projection area, reflecting both environmental filtering and niche differentiation. In contrast, shade-tolerant species were mainly constrained by conspecific density, consistent with density dependent effects potentially linked to natural enemies. These findings demonstrate that shade tolerance structures crown trait trade-offs and determines how crown traits mediate neighborhood interactions, thereby improving our understanding of crown architecture-driven demography and coexistence in forest ecosystems under global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 4","pages":"791-799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}