Plant Diversity最新文献

{"title":"Soil water content and nitrogen differentially correlate with multidimensional leaf traits of two temperate broadleaf species","authors":"Ming-Yue Jin ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Johnson ,&nbsp;Guang-Ze Jin ,&nbsp;Qing-Xi Guo ,&nbsp;Zhi-Li Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The variation and correlation of leaf economics and vein traits are crucial for predicting plant ecological strategies under different environmental changes. However, correlations between these two suites of traits and abiotic factors such as soil water and nitrogen content remain ambiguous. We measured leaf economics and vein traits as well as soil water and nitrogen content for two different shade-tolerant species (<em>Betula platyphylla</em> and <em>Acer mono</em>) in four mixed broadleaved-Korean pine (<em>Pinus koraiensis</em>) forests along a latitudinal gradient in Northeast China. We found that leaf economics traits and vein traits were decoupled in shade-intolerant species, <em>Betula platphylla</em>, but significantly coupled in a shade-tolerant species, <em>A. mono.</em> We found stronger correlations among leaf traits in the shade tolerant species than in the shade intolerant species. Furthermore, leaf economic traits were positively correlated with the soil water gradient for both species, whereas vein traits were positively correlated with soil water gradient for the shade intolerant species but negatively correlated in the shade tolerant species. Although economic traits were positively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade intolerant species but not correlated in shade tolerant species, vein traits were negatively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade tolerant species but not correlated in shade intolerant species. Our study provides evidence for distinct correlations between leaf economics and vein traits and local abiotic factors of species differing in light demands. We recommend that the ecological significance of shade tolerance be considered for species when evaluating ecosystem functions and predicting plant responses to environmental changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 6","pages":"Pages 694-701"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246826592300046X/pdfft?md5=52059919122721795dc01c7309240bec&pid=1-s2.0-S246826592300046X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84974543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel seed cone of Pinus from the Miocene of coastal Southeast China indicates kinship with Southeast Asian pines","authors":"Xiang-Chuan Li ,&nbsp;Yi Hu ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang Xiao ,&nbsp;Li-Na Liang ,&nbsp;Rui-Zhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Pinus</em> is an economically and ecologically important genus whose members are dominant components globally in low-latitude mountainous and mid-latitude temperate forests. <em>Pinus</em> species richness is currently concentrated in subtropical mid-low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, differing from the latitudinal diversity gradient mostly recognized in woody angiosperms. How the present pattern was developing in Earth's past is still poorly studied, particularly in eastern Asia. Here, a new fossil species, <em>Pinus shengxianica</em> sp. nov. is described based on a fossil seed cone from the Late Miocene Shengxian Formation in Zhejiang, southeast China. A co-occurring cone is recognized as a known fossil species, <em>Pinus speciosa</em> Li. Extensive comparison of extant and fossil members of <em>Pinus</em> suggests <em>P. shengxianica</em> shares a striking cone similarity to <em>Pinus merkusii</em> and <em>Pinus latteri</em> (subsection <em>Pinus</em>) from tropical Southeast Asia in having annular bulges around the umbo on the apophysis. The morphological resemblance indicates these two extant low-latitude pines probably possess a close affinity with the present newly-discovered <em>P. shengxianica</em> and originated from East Asian mid-low latitude ancestors during this generic re-diversification in the Miocene. This scenario is consistent with the evolutionary trajectory reflected by the pine fossil history and molecular data, marking the Miocene as a key period for the origin and evolution of most extant pines globally. The co-occurrences of diverse conifers and broadleaved angiosperms preferring diverse niches demonstrate Late Miocene eastern Zhejiang was one of the hot spots for coniferophyte diversity and hosted a needled-broadleaved mixed forest with complex vegetation structure and an altitudinal zonation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 6","pages":"Pages 732-747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468265922001275/pdfft?md5=4762d50473eb0963be7c438e1a64a430&pid=1-s2.0-S2468265922001275-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76033802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degree of style coiling is associated with corolla-tube length in the nectarless flowers of Roscoea schneideriana","authors":"Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Ze-Yu Tong ,&nbsp;Ying-Ze Xiong ,&nbsp;Xiao-Fan Wang ,&nbsp;W. Scott Armbruster ,&nbsp;Shuang-Quan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The plant-pollinator ‘arms race’ model posits that a major driver of the evolution of elongated corollas in flowers is reciprocal selection for ‘morphological fit’ between pollinator-tongue length and access distance to nectar (usually corolla-tube length). Evidence for the pollinator-mediated selection on tube length and evolution of multiple, correlated floral traits remains inconclusive. To gain possible insights into the strength of stabilizing selection by assessing standing phenotypic variation, we measured a series of functionally important floral traits, including corolla tube length and ‘effective’ tube depth and degree of style coiling. We then calculated coefficients of variation (CV) for these traits in three field populations of <em>R. schneideriana</em>. Unlike in most long-tubed flowers, the bottom part of the corolla tube is completely occupied by the style, with no room for nectar. The length of this portion of the corolla tube was more variable (higher CV) than the upper part of the corolla tube, suggesting that functional tube depth was under stronger stabilizing selection. The degree of style coiling was negatively related to the corolla-tube length in all three populations of <em>R. schneideriana</em>, suggesting that there may be conflicting selection acting on style length and corolla-tube length, which are otherwise usually tightly correlated. Given the lack of nectar in the flowers of this species, the long corolla tubes and long styles may represent morphological holdovers from ancestors that were pollinated by long-tongued pollinators, as is still seen in related species in the western Himalayas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 6","pages":"Pages 748-751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468265922001299/pdfft?md5=b6eac45fcd93976f82296fbebb7d27ef&pid=1-s2.0-S2468265922001299-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91321469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny, character evolution, and classification of Selaginellaceae (lycophytes)","authors":"Xin-Mao Zhou ,&nbsp;Li-Bing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Selaginella</em> is the largest and most taxonomically complex genus in lycophytes. The fact that over 750 species are currently treated in a single genus makes Selaginellales/Selaginellaceae unique in pteridophytes. Here we assembled a dataset of six existing and newly sampled plastid and nuclear loci with a total of 684 accessions (74% increase of the earlier largest sampling) representing <em>ca</em>. 300 species to infer a new phylogeny. The evolution of 10 morphological characters is studied in the new phylogenetic context. Our major results include: (1) the nuclear and plastid phylogenies are congruent with each other and combined analysis well resolved and strongly supported the relationships of all but two major clades; (2) the <em>Sinensis</em> group is resolved as sister to <em>S.</em> subg. <em>Pulviniella</em> with strong support in two of the three analyses; (3) most morphological characters are highly homoplasious but some characters alone or combinations of characters well define the major clades in the family; and (4) an infrafamilial classification of Selaginellaceae is proposed and the currently defined <em>Selaginella s.l.</em> is split into seven subfamilies (corresponding to the current six subgenera + the <em>Sinensis</em> group) and 19 genera (the major diagnosable clades) with nine new species-poor genera. We support the conservation of <em>Selaginella</em> with a new type, <em>S. flabellata</em>, to minimize nomenclatural instability. We provide a key to subfamilies and genera, images illustrating their morphology, their morphological and geographical synopses, a list of constituent species, and necessary new combinations. This new classification will hopefully facilitate communication, promote further studies, and help conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 6","pages":"Pages 630-684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468265923001026/pdfft?md5=ea70d7c20b666677c55749fbd45e03d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2468265923001026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83153563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complete plastid genome provides insight into maternal plastid inheritance mode of the living fossil plant Ginkgo biloba","authors":"Mengxue Feng ,&nbsp;Hanghui Kong ,&nbsp;Meixiu Lin ,&nbsp;Rongjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 6","pages":"Pages 752-756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468265923001270/pdfft?md5=9ad8776751fa633cd4b40c5509112b87&pid=1-s2.0-S2468265923001270-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134934306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germplasm resources and genetic improvement of Akebia: A new fruit crop in China","authors":"Shuai-Yu Zou ,&nbsp;Chen Feng ,&nbsp;Pu-Xin Gao ,&nbsp;Tong-Jian Li ,&nbsp;Tian-Jiao Jia ,&nbsp;Hongwen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Akebia</em> species, belonging to Lardizabalaceae, are widespread from subtropical to temperate environments of China, Japan, and Korea. All known <em>Akebia</em> species have medicinal and dietary value and have been widely cultivated as a new fruit crop in many areas of China. However, compared with other crop species, the breeding improvement and commercial cultivation of <em>Akebia</em> remain in their infancy. This review systematically introduces the present germplasm resources, geographical distribution, biological characteristics, interspecific and intraspecific cross compatibility, molecular biology, and breeding progress in <em>Akebia</em> species. <em>Akebia</em> plants are widely distributed in Shanxi, Henan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Fujian provinces of China, and wild <em>Akebia</em> plants exhibit abundant phenotypic and genetic diversity due to their wide range of geographical distribution and high adaptability in different habitats. Interspecific artificial hybridization experiments have been conducted in our <em>Akebia</em> germplasm resources nursery. The results showed that there was no reproductive isolation between <em>Akebia</em> species, and fertile progeny could be produced. The synthesis of knowledge on these species provides insights for the rational development and utilization of these germplasm resources, and can facilitate the development of new breeding lines or varieties for commercial cultivation or production. Finally, perspectives on <em>Akebia</em> breeding research are discussed and conclusions are provided. This review provided breeders with new insights into <em>Akebia</em> domestication and breeding, and we also proposed five basic steps in the domestication of new fruit crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"45 6","pages":"Pages 712-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468265922001263/pdfft?md5=a5520f417018c56eddd484d83ba6d400&pid=1-s2.0-S2468265922001263-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89575003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbivore and native plant diversity synergistically resist alien plant invasion regardless of nutrient conditions","authors":"Liping Shan, Meng Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"Alien plant invasion success can be inhibited by two key biotic factors: native herbivores and plant diversity. However, few studies have experimentally tested whether these factors interact to synergistically resist invasion success, especially factoring in changing global environments (e.g. nutrient enrichment). Here we tested how the synergy between native herbivores and plant diversity affects alien plant invasion success in various nutrient conditions. For this purpose, we exposed alien plant species in pot-mesocosms to different levels of native plant diversity (4 vs. 8 species), native generalist herbivores, and high and low soil nutrient levels. We found that generalist herbivores preferred alien plants to native plants, inhibiting invasion success in a native community. This inhibition was amplified by highly diverse native communities. Further, the amplified effect between herbivory and native plant diversity was independent of nutrient conditions. Our results suggest that a higher diversity of native communities can strengthen the resistance of native generalist herbivores to alien plant invasions by enhancing herbivory tolerance. The synergistic effect remains in force in nutrient-enriched habitats that are always invaded by alien plant species. Our results shed light on the effective control of plant invasions using multi-trophic means, even in the face of future global changes.","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135605652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China","authors":"Wenjing Fang, Qiong Cai, Chengjun Ji, Jiangling Zhu, Zhiyao Tang, Jingyun Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-diversity reflects the spatial changes in community species composition which helps to understand how communities are assembled and biodiversity is formed and maintained. Larch (Larix) forests, which are coniferous forests widely distributed in the mountainous and plateau areas in North and Southwest China, are critical for maintaining the environmental conditions and species diversity. Few studies of larch forests have examined the beta-diversity and its constituent components (species turnover and nestedness-resultant components). Here, we used 483 larch forest plots to determine the total beta-diversity and its components in different life forms (i.e., tree, shrub, and herb) of larch forests in China and to evaluate the main drivers that underlie this beta-diversity. We found that total beta-diversity of larch forests was mainly dependent on the species turnover component. In all life forms, total beta-diversity and the species turnover component increased with increasing geographic, elevational, current climatic, and paleoclimatic distances. In contrast, the nestedness-resultant component decreased across these same distances. Geographic and environmental factors explained 20%∼25% of total beta-diversity, 18%∼27% of species turnover component, and 4%∼16% of nestedness-resultant component. Larch forest types significantly affected total beta-diversity and species turnover component. Taken together, our results indicate that life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China, and that beta-diversity is driven by both niche differentiation and dispersal limitation. Our findings help to greatly understand the mechanisms of community assemblies of larch forests in China.","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136128022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevational and temporal patterns of pollination success in distylous and homostylous buckwheats (Fagopyrum) in the Hengduan Mountains","authors":"Ling-Yun Wu, Shuang-Quan Huang, Ze-Yu Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive strategies of sexually dimorphic plants vary in response to the environment. Here, we ask whether the sexual systems of Fagopyrum species (i.e., selfing homostylous and out-crossing distylous) represent distinct adaptive strategies to increase reproductive success in changing alpine environments. To answer this question, we determined how spatial and temporal factors (e.g., elevation and peak flowering time) affect reproductive success (i.e., stigmatic pollen load) in nine wild Fagopyrum species (seven distylous and two homostylous) among 28 populations along an elevation gradient of 1299–3315m in the Hengduan Mountains, southwestern China. We also observed pollinators and conducted hundreds of hand pollinations to investigate inter/intra- morph compatibility, self-compatibility and pollen limitation in four Fagopyrum species (two distylous and two homostylous). We found that Fagopyrum species at higher elevation generally had bigger flowers and more stigmatic pollen loads; late-flowering individuals had smaller flowers and lower pollen deposition. Stigmatic pollen deposition was more variable in distylous species than in homostylous species. Although seed set was not pollen-limited in all species, we found that fruit set was much lower in distylous species, which rely on frequent pollinator visits, than in homostylous species capable of autonomous self-pollination. Our findings that pollination success increases at high elevations and decreases during the flowering season suggest that distylous and homostylous species have spatially and temporally distinct reproductive strategies related to environment-dependent pollinator activity.","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptic diversity and rampant hybridization in annual gentians on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau revealed by population genomic analysis","authors":"Peng-Cheng Fu, Qiao-Qiao Guo, Di Chang, Qing-Bo Gao, Shan-Shan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and complete plastomes to examine genomic divergence and hybridization in Gentiana aristata, which is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) region. Genetic clustering revealed that G. aristata is characterized by geographic genetic structures with five clusters (West, East, Central, South and North). The West cluster has a specific morphological character (i.e., blue corolla) and higher values of FST compared to the remaining clusters, likely the result of the geological barrier formed by the Yangtze River. The West cluster diverged from the other clusters in the Early Pliocene; these remaining clusters diverged from one another in the Early Quaternary. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on SNPs and plastid data revealed substantial cyto-nuclear conflicts. Genetic clustering and D-statistics demonstrated rampant hybridization between the Central and North cluster, along the Bayankela Mountains, which form the geological barrier between the Central and North cluster. Species distribution modeling demonstrated the range of G. aristata expanded since the Last Interglacial period. Our findings provide genetic and morphological evidence of cryptic diversity in G. aristata, and identified rampant hybridization between genetic clusters along a geological barrier. These findings suggest that geological barriers and climatic fluctuations have an important role in triggering diversification as well as hybridization, indicating that cryptic diversity and hybridization are essential factors in biodiversity formation within the QTP region.","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}