Plant Diversity最新文献

{"title":"Genomic insights into the survival code of karst plants.","authors":"Xiongfang Liu, Yongpeng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Karst endemic plants exhibit profound genetic vulnerability driven by historical and anthropogenic factors.•Whole-genome duplication (WGD) and gene family dynamics are key adaptive mechanisms for karst plant survival.•Genomic data enable precision conservation strategies for endangered karst plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomics unravels the early divergence and diversification in Bignoniaceae.","authors":"Pengpeng Yan, Chang Guo, Xingyong Cui, Enze Li, Yuran Bai, Manuel R Roncal-Rabanal, Gangmin Zhang, Wenpan Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bignoniaceae, a pantropical family comprising 79 genera and 901 species, exhibits remarkable morphological and ecological diversity, including lianas, shrubs, trees, and high-elevation herbs. Reconstructing the early evolutionary history of Bignoniaceae has been particularly challenging due to ancient hybridization/introgression and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). In this study, we re-evaluated the deep branching relationships within Bignoniaceae using phylogenomic data from 1275 single/low-copy nuclear genes and the Angiosperms353 dataset, complemented with chloroplast genomes and quantified the roles of hybridization, and ILS in shaping the family's evolutionary history. Our results robustly resolved Bignoniaceae into ten major clades, with the <i>Argylia</i> clade sister to a clade containing Oroxyleae, the <i>Delostoma</i> clade, Catalpeae, Bignonieae, the <i>Tabebuia</i> alliance, and the Paleotropical clade, while the <i>Delostoma</i> clade and Catalpeae formed a monophyletic lineage. Divergence time estimation revealed a rapid diversification during the early Eocene, coinciding with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum. Several lines of evidence indicate that the predominant factor underlying phylogenetic conflicts across deep nodes is ILS. Introgression/hybridization also contributed significantly, with at least three ancient events detected: between Tourrettieae and the <i>Delostoma</i> clade, between the <i>Delostoma</i> clade and Bignonieae, and a major introgression from the <i>Argylia</i> clade to the Oroxyleae-<i>Delostoma</i>-Catalpeae-Bignonieae-<i>Tabebuia</i>-Paleotropical clade. This study provides a robust phylogenetic foundation and comprehensive evolutionary synthesis for Bignoniaceae, shedding new light on its early diversification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"307-319"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relative role of regional species pools in determining tree species richness and rarity in Chinese subtropical and tropical forests.","authors":"Houjuan Song, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Yongchang Song, Jens-Christian Svenning, Alejandro Ordonez, Oukai Zhang, Xihua Wang, Enrong Yan, Kun Song, Luxiang Lin, Shengbin Chen, Qingpei Yang, Buhang Li, Chuping Wu, Bo Jiang, Chao Jin, Zhiming Zhang, Yi Ding, Huilin Wan, Kankan Shang, Kunfang Cao, Wei Shi, Xin Wang, Xiaoran Wang, Pengcheng Liu, Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The species pool hypothesis argues that local species diversity mainly depends on regional diversity, which is influenced by dispersal, historical and current environmental conditions. We hypothesize that regional factors, such as the size of the regional species pool, current climate, topographical variability, and historical climate stability, also impact local species-abundance patterns, like the rarity of local species, though their specific effects are not yet well understood. Analyzing data from 3307 species across 3923 forest plots in Chinese subtropical and tropical regions, we employed boosted regression trees and structural equation modeling to assess the roles of regional species pool size along with climatic seasonality, topography, and soil factors, in shaping local richness and rarity. We found that local tree species richness declined with increasing latitude, while species rarity decreased from west to east. The factors such as current regional environment, paleoclimate stability, and human disturbance significantly affected local richness and rarity, primarily through their effects on regional species pool size. The impacts of regional mean temperature and elevational range on local richness surpassed local influences. Conversely, local climatic seasonality exerted the strongest influence on species rarity, followed by human activity. Overall, the findings indicate that regions with large regional species pools tend to support diverse communities with high proportions of rare species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"340-350"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species evolution determines epiphyte evolution in Orchids.","authors":"Tianwen Zhang, Jun-Wen Zhai, Gang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orchid diversity and conservation are tightly linked to the evolution of orchid lifeforms (e.g., epiphytic or terrestrial) as epiphytic species are highly sensitive to environmental changes and includes super-high species diversity. However, the factors that drive the evolution of orchid lifeform remain unclear. Here, we used a global orchid phylogeny (2272 species, all five subfamilies and 302 genera) to evaluate the relative contributions of potential factors (i.e., phylogeny, climate region, pollination traits) that may drive orchid lifeform evolution using partial <math> <mrow><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> framework. Conventional correlation results indicated that orchid lifeforms are strongly associated with climate regions and weakly related to pollination traits. In contrast, partial <math> <mrow><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> analyses revealed that orchid phylogeny alone accounted for 62% of lifeform variation; pollinator attraction strategies independently explained an additional 23.9% variation, while climate region only further explained 3.4%. The discrepancies arise from variation in phylogenetic conservatism of different orchid traits: both orchid lifeform and climate region are more phylogenetically conserved than pollination traits. Specifically, our findings that species evolution plays a key role in lifeform evolution together with variation in phylogenetic conservatism among key traits provide insights into trait evolution and species conservation in orchids.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"422-428"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Humboldtia</i> Vahl - An under-utilised, under-researched, and vulnerable tree genus endemic to the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot.","authors":"Jithu K Jose, Saranya K R L","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•<i>Humboldtia</i>, is a scientifically valuable yet underexplored endemic genus from the Western Ghats - Sri Lanka Biodiversity hotspot.•Comprising just eight species, all of which are under threat of extinction, the genus is one of the evolutionarily unique plant lineages within the region's flora.•The genus shows ecological adaptations, such as domatia-mediated ant-plant symbiosis and cauliflorous flowering, which are important in its natural habitat.•<i>Humboldtia</i> is an exceptional model for investigating speciation dynamics, biogeographical diversification, and ecological specialisation in tropical forest ecosystems.•However, the genus remains poorly studied and inadequately protected, calling for increased attention in both research and conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"433-437"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the evolutionary landscape of mitochondrial genomes in the sunflower family (Asteraceae).","authors":"Zhixi Fu, Penghao Yang, Jiazhen Wu, Guojin Zhang, Yanlei Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asteraceae, the largest family of flowering plants, comprises more than 26,000 species worldwide, many of which serve as crops, medicinal herbs, and ornamentals. While substantial genomic resources are available for nuclear and chloroplast genomes, mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) in this family remain poorly explored, limiting an integrated understanding of its genomic evolution. Here, we assembled 38 complete mitogenomes representing 12 subfamilies and 22 tribes. Our analyses revealed substantial size variation, with notably larger mitogenomes in early-diverging lineages. We also observed extensive structural rearrangements across subfamilies and tribes. Although the gene content is largely conserved, we identified notable mutations, horizontal gene transfer events, and losses of RNA editing sites. We reconstructed a comprehensive mitochondrial phylogeny of Asteraceae, which revealed both congruent and conflicting relationships with phylogenies based on plastid and nuclear markers. Furthermore, our fragment analysis of total mitochondrial DNA demonstrated that the differential retention of ancestral sequences significantly influences mitogenome size variation in Asteraceae. This study provides a systematic mitogenomic resource, offering novel insights into the evolutionary dynamics of this major plant family.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"278-288"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversification of liverworts across spatial and climatic gradients in the world.","authors":"Hong Qian, Michael Kessler, Shenhua Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liverworts are an important component of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. They have adapted to and diversified in a wide variety of environments. Investigating variation in net diversification rate is a major goal of biogeographers and ecologists but such investigation is lacking for liverworts at a global scale. Here, we explore global geographic patterns of mean diversification rate (MDR) within genera of liverworts, which are one of the earliest lineages of the extant land plants, and its relationship with latitude, climatic conditions, and regional species richness. We collated species lists of liverworts for each of 390 geographic units (primarily countries, provinces or states) across the world. We related MDR to geographic and current and historical climatic variables, assessed the relative importance of different sets of climatic variables on MDR, and explored the effect of MDR on species richness after accounting for major climatic factors. We analyzed the data with correlation and regression analyses, and structural equation modeling approach. We find that MDR peaks at tropical latitudes and in humid and hot environments, and that at a global scale current climate, temperature-related variables, and climatic seasonality explained more variation in MDR than Quaternary climate change, precipitation-related variables, and climatic extremes, respectively. In addition, we find a positive relationship between MDR and liverwort species richness, with the latter being directly influenced more strongly by climate than by MDR. Most importantly, we find that tropical regions of high liverwort diversity also have high current diversification rates, suggesting ongoing niche occupation. The above-described patterns are similar between the New World and Old World and between the eastern and western parts of the Old World. Our study highlights that tip diversification rates provide a complementary aspect to understand the evolution of liverwort diversity to that recovered by studying phylogenetic diversity and species richness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"320-329"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Tamarindus indica</i> telomere-to-telomere genome reveals tartaric acid accumulation in fruit.","authors":"Zhidong Li, Shenghao Wang, Shuling Wang, Chong Wang, Hongbin Zhang, Fei Chen, Wenquan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•First telomere-to-telomere genome of <i>Tamarindus indica.</i>•Fruit sourness is likely driven by duplication of tartaric acid biosynthesis genes during lineage-specific WGD.•Development of Tamarind Multi-Omics Database, a multi-omics database empowering breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"429-432"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of divergent sampling intensity across plant growth forms on estimating elevational richness patterns and their drivers.","authors":"Hongrui Ling, Jianqiang Yang, Yannan He, Pengwan Zhang, Jiangci Nongbu, Sina Laoding, Zhenyu Fan, Aoxiang Chang, Hang Sun, Shuang Zhang, Zihan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have demonstrated that sampling intensity can significantly influence the detection of richness patterns and the assessment of the importance of driving factors. However, existing research has primarily focused on comparing the influence of sampling intensity across different locations or community types, with less attention paid to its influence across growth forms. Through field surveys on Baima Snow Mountain and bootstrap resampling analyses, we quantified the influence of sampling intensity on plant elevational richness patterns across growth forms (trees, shrubs, and herbs). Our results revealed that with increasing sampling intensity, the error in assessing elevational richness patterns decreased rapidly then stabilized for all growth forms. A similar trend was observed in the estimation of climatic drivers. However, significant variations emerged across different growth forms. The suitable sampling intensity was higher for trees and shrubs than for herbaceous plants. Furthermore, estimation errors for tree richness patterns declined significantly faster with increasing sampling intensity than those for shrubs and herbs. Similarly, the relationship between sampling intensity and error in estimating richness-climate relationships showed significant differences across growth forms. However, these differences were subject to the climate drivers selected. These findings demonstrate that growth-form differences must be considered in elevation-richness surveys. However, our meta-analysis revealed that no current study accounted for this factor in their protocols. Our findings provide empirical evidence for developing growth form-specific sampling protocols, offering practical solutions to improve the accuracy of mountain richness studies and enhance cross-study comparability in elevational gradient research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"330-339"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The context dependency of nitrogen deposition impacts on the compositional coupling between aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank.","authors":"Niwu Te, Wen-Tao Luo, Péter Török, Xiao-Ru Zhang, Xiao-Sa Liang, Yuan-Xiu Wu, Xiao-Jing Zhang, Anke Jentsch, Xiao-Tao Lü","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The compositional coupling between aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank is critical for community stability and successional trajectories, but such relationships are highly sensitive to environmental changes. Although nitrogen (N) deposition has been reported to decouple the associations between aboveground vegetation and the soil seed bank in grasslands, it remains unclear whether and how grassland management practices, such as mowing, mediate N deposition effects. We evaluated the impacts of N input and mowing on the diversity and composition of the aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank, as well as their compositional coupling in a decadal grassland experiment. N addition increased the compositional dissimilarity between the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation by increasing abundance gradient, but only in unmown plots. N addition did not affect the compositional dissimilarity between aboveground vegetation and the soil seed bank in mown plots. Mowing increased the graminoid abundance in the aboveground vegetation, but increased the forb abundance in the soil seed bank, and thus increased the compositional dissimilarity between aboveground vegetation and the soil seed bank by promoting balanced variation in abundance. Our results reveal the importance of context dependence in the consequences of N inputs on the compositional coupling between aboveground vegetation and the soil seed bank in grasslands. The land-use context should be fully considered when evaluating the impacts of global change drivers on grassland community dynamics and succession.</p>","PeriodicalId":20224,"journal":{"name":"Plant Diversity","volume":"48 2","pages":"373-380"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}