Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Phosphorus availability, soil quality and cucumber growth in acidic soil was impacted by the tobacco stem-based biochar","authors":"Yingyuan Cen, Panfeng Tu, Nazir Ahmed, Lansheng Deng, Baoyuan Huang, Chuan Wang, Lifang Deng","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07329-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07329-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Soil acidification reduces nutrient availability, increases the activity of harmful metal ions, and inhibits plant nutrient and water absorption. Biochar, a promising soil amendment, has been shown to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and to alleviate soil acidification. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tobacco stem-based biochar on improving soil quality, enhancing phosphorus availability, and promoting cucumber growth in acidified soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>In this study, Ca and Mg Co-doped biochar was produced by the direct pyrolysis of tobacco stems at a temperature of 800 °C. Its effects on phosphorus availability, soil quality, and cucumber growth were assessed under acidified soil conditions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Application of tobacco stem-based biochar significantly improved soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and acid–base buffer capacity, while reducing total exchangeable acids, exchangeable H⁺, and exchangeable Al³⁺ content in the soil. The in-situ co-doping of Ca and Mg enhanced the slow-release effect when combined with phosphorus fertilizer, leading to improved nutrient retention, increased phosphorus availability, and higher exchangeable calcium and magnesium ion concentrations. In addition, even with a 30% reduction in fertilizer use, cucumber height, stem diameter, and photosynthetic efficiency were significantly enhanced.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Tobacco stems provide a valuable resource for preparing in situ Ca and Mg Co-doped biochar, which can effectively improve soil acidity and nutrient availability in acidic soils. This study suggests that tobacco-stem-based biochar could be a sustainable and scalable solution to address soil degradation, particularly in regions with high soil acidity, thereby supporting more resilient agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial priming of micro-propagated banana plantlets reduced effects of nematode and borer weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus) pests and enhanced plantlet growth","authors":"Mercy Abwe Ngone, Venissa Bi Nsangli Kanjam, Solange Ndzeshala Takwi, Denis Tange Achiri, Delphine Mapiemfu Lamare, Silke Ruppel, Christopher Ngosong","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07334-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07334-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Nursery and field growth of micro-propagated banana plantlets is influenced by pests, nutrients and substrate quality. This study aims to evaluate the potential of locally produced microbial inoculant to reduce nematode and borer weevil (<i>Cosmopolites sordidus</i>) pest effects on micro-propagated banana plantlets and stimulate growth.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The potential of locally produced microbial inoculant to reduce nematode and borer weevil pest effects on micro-propagated banana plantlets and stimulate growth was tested in nursery and field conditions. Plantlets were grown in polybags with three substrates (Soil + Coffee husk, Soil + Cocoa pod, and Soil + Empty palm fruit bunch) and two nutrient sources (chemical NPK fertilizer and microbial inoculant) relative to untreated control.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) root necrosis occurred following nematode inoculation with/without borer weevil at planting or ten weeks after, with lower necrosis in pesticide and microbial inoculant than untreated control. Similarly, significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) corm damage occurred following borer weevil inoculation with/without nematode at planting or ten weeks after, with lower corm damage in pesticide and microbial inoculant than untreated control. Although similar nursery growth of micro-propagated banana plantlets was observed across substrates, significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) variation occurred between nutrient sources, with higher growth for NPK and microbial inoculant than untreated control. Similarly, field growth of banana plantlets was higher for NPK and microbial inoculant than untreated control (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>These findings open up avenues for further investigation on role of locally produced microbial inoculant as promising option to reduce effects of nematode and borer weevil pests on micro-propagated banana plantlets and stimulate growth.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) shows greater sensitivity to salt stress than to hypoxia stress: insights from plant physiology, metabolome and soil microbiome","authors":"Jiawei Ma, Wenbin Liu, Mei Wang, Zhengqian Ye, Dan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07322-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07322-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Long-term intensive management may impair nutrient uptake and physiological metabolism in Lei bamboo (<i>Phyllostachys praecox</i>) by altering soil oxygen levels or increasing salinity, ultimately inhibiting growth. However, the sensitivity and response mechanisms of bamboo to these two factors remain poorly understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A 100-day pot experiment with 8 treatment combinations was conducted, involving two soil oxygen levels (5% and 21%) and four salt concentrations (0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%). The growth traits, root cell morphology, nutrient uptake, stress tolerance, and leaf metabolites of Lei bamboo were evaluated, along with soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial community composition, to investigate soil–plant interactions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Under salt stress, Lei bamboo experienced protoplast shrinkage, root cell collapse, and a decrease in fine root numbers, hindering bamboo growth. Leaves showed curling, chlorosis, and wilting symptoms under saline conditions. Additionally, while hypoxia significantly inhibited nutrient uptake, it did not exacerbate the effects of salt stress. Antioxidant defenses, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, were activated by salt stress but diminished under hypoxia. Moreover, salt stress decreased soil pH, nitrogen, and phosphorus levels, while increasing potassium content and electrical conductivity. It altered microbial communities by reducing bacterial diversity and enzyme activities and recruiting salt-tolerant taxa like <i>Proteobacteria</i>, <i>Actinobacteriota</i>, and <i>Acidobacteriota</i>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Lei bamboo is more sensitive to salt stress than hypoxia, with salinity identified as a critical factor driving bamboo forest decline. The negative effects of salt stress on bamboo growth, physiological traits, and soil health highlight the need for effective salinity management in bamboo forests. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing nitrogen supply for maize based on critical nitrogen concentration and nitrogen residual effect under different irrigation levels","authors":"Bo Jing, Wenjuan Shi, Zhongmin Zhai, Tao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07328-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07328-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Backgrounds</h3><p>Diagnosis of crop nitrogen nutrition is an imperative approach for precise nitrogen application in agriculture and mitigating environmental pollution. However, limited research exists on nitrogen nutrition diagnosis and assessment strategies for maize under different irrigation amount.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the comprehensive response of yield, nitrogen residue in soil, leaf area index, and nitrogen nutrition status to three irrigation levels (60%, 80%, and 100% ETc) and five nitrogen application levels (0, 80, 160, 240, and 320 kg ha⁻¹).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Result</h3><p>The results showed that the maize yield showed an initial rise, which then reached a stable state with the increase of irrigation and nitrogen application level. The residual soil nitrogen increased with the nitrogen application level, while higher irrigation levels result in the downward movement of soil nitrogen towards deeper soil layers. The critical nitrogen concentration (CNc, %) dilution curve model for maize in relation to irrigation level (W, mm) was developed based on leaf area index (LAI): CNc = aLAI^−b; where a = –2.288 × 10⁻⁵W² + 0.018W + 0.588, and b = –4.025 × 10⁻⁶W² + 0.003W–0.286.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>By conducting an integrated analysis of the nitrogen nutrition index and nitrogen residual effect, it is advisable to reduce nitrogen application level appropriately under lower irrigation levels in the northwest of China; however, it is recommended to maintain control within the range of 160 – 240 kg ha⁻¹.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under water-deficit stress","authors":"Bishwoyog Bhattarai, Harsimran Kaur-Kapoor, Alexander Rodriguez, Mark D. Burow, Glen L. Ritchie, Lindsey C. Slaughter, Jasmine Neupane, Haydee E. Laza","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07312-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07312-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Global peanut production is constrained by the frequency and severity of drought. New insights into photosynthetic biophysical and biochemical limitations under water-deficit stress are important to enhance peanut photosynthetic efficiency and production. This study examines the combined effects of water deficit, genotype, and growth stage on peanut physiology.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>An experiment was conducted during three growing seasons (2020 – 2022) to evaluate peanut genotypes (AG18, C76-16, GA-09B, and Lariat) at three developmental stages: flowering/peg development (<i>R</i>_<i>2</i><i>-stage</i>), pod initiation/seed development (<i>R</i>_<i>4</i><i>-stage</i>), and pod filling/initiation of crop maturity (<i>R</i>_<i>7</i>-<i>stage</i>). The study was carried out under well-watered and water-deficit conditions. We quantified the biophysical (stomatal conductance) and biochemical limitations [the maximum rate of carboxylation (<i>V</i>_{<i>c, max</i>}), rate of RuBP regeneration (<i>J</i>_<i>max</i>), and photosynthetic electron transport rate (<i>ETR</i>)].</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The drought-induced reduction in <i>A</i>_<i>N</i> during the <i>R</i>_<i>2</i><i>-stage</i> stage was primarily attributed to a significant decrease in stomatal conductance (<i>g</i>_<i>s</i>). In contrast, at the <i>R</i>_<i>7</i><i>-stage</i>, the reduction in <i>A</i>_<i>N</i> was driven by limitations in the <i>g</i>_<i>s</i>, <i>V</i>_{<i>c, max</i>}, and <i>J</i>_<i>max</i>. Notably, at the <i>R</i>_<i>7</i><i>-stage</i>, genotypes C76-16 and Lariat showed higher <i>g</i>_<i>s</i>, <i>ETR</i>, and <i>V</i>_{<i>c, max</i>}, contributing to increased <i>A</i>_<i>N</i> and enhanced pod and kernel yield compared to AG18 and GA-09B.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p><i>A</i>_<i>N</i><i> reduction</i> was driven by the biophysical limitation at the <i>R</i>₂-stage and a combination of biophysical and biochemical limitations at the<i> R</i>₇-stage. Furthermore, physiological strategies such as maintaining higher stomatal conductance while reducing photosystem II damage, as shown by C76-16, could be an effective drought tolerance strategy for maintaining high pod yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis on root system architecture and nutrient absorption in Chinese chestnut and pecan seedlings","authors":"Ting Chen, Cancan Zhu, Shucheng Li, Yan Xia, Jian Huang, Wu Wang, Chunlan Lian, Yu Chen, Yuqiang Zhao, Shijie Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07332-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07332-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis can alter root tip structures; but the detailed mechanisms behind these changes and their impact on overall root architecture remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ECM inoculation with <i>Cenococcum geophilum</i> (Cg) and <i>Pisolithus orientalis</i> (Po) on root growth, nutrient levels in shoots, and enzyme activities in soil for Chinese chestnut (<i>Castanea mollissima</i>) and pecan (<i>Carya illinoinensis</i>) seedlings.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Chestnut and pecan seedlings were inoculated with Cg or Po. The growth parameters, including root and shoot development, were assessed. Nutrient levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the shoots were measured, and soil enzyme activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles, such as <i>β-</i>glucosidase, peroxidase, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase, were quantified.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Inoculation with ECM fungi significantly enhanced root growth, especially fine roots, and improved nutrient accumulation in the shoots of both seedlings. Cg and Po inoculation increased nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the shoots. Moreover, the soil enzymes involved in the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles, such as <i>β-</i>glucosidase, peroxidase, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase, showed elevated activity levels under ECM inoculation. Notably, Cg inoculation elevated peroxidase activity, which is linked to root development and soil hormone regulation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>ECM symbiosis, especially with <i>Cenococcum geophilum</i>, positively influences root structure and nutrient absorption, enhancing seedling growth in chestnut and pecan. These findings highlight the role of ECM fungi in improving plant growth, particularly under conditions of limited colonization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving triticale yield with alfalfa in saline-alkaline soil: effects on diazotrophic communities in the Yellow River Delta","authors":"Jinglei Zhang, Bo Wu, Mingjiang Liu, Yuan Jia, Lele Kang, Guoliang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07320-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07320-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Incorporating legumes into crop rotations is a well-known practice for enhancing subsequent crop yields through nitrogen (N) effects. However, limited attention has been given to the underlying microbial mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the soil diazotrophic communities and triticale yields of two rotation systems: winter triticale-summer maize (MT) and alfalfa-winter triticale (AT) in the saline-alkaline soil of the Yellow River Delta.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results showed that AT significantly increased triticale yields by an average of 53%, along with higher diazotrophic community diversity and evenness. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis revealed a significant divergence in diazotrophic community structure between the MT and AT rotation systems. Moreover, multiple regression analysis showed that diazotrophic community diversity (α- and β-diversity) as well as soil properties (e.g. soil nitrogen) explained 61.5% and 14.5% of triticale yield variation, respectively. The random forest analysis showed some bacterial genera, such as <i>Anaeromyxobacter</i>, <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>, <i>Geoalkalibacter</i>, <i>Sinorhizobium</i>, and <i>Azoarcus</i> were key drivers of triticale yield.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our research highlights the potential of legume incorporation in crop rotations to enhance subsequent crop yields by modulating diazotrophic communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen addition alters interactions between ectomycorrhizal host trees and fungal communities in a mixed mycorrhizal tropical rainforest","authors":"Georgia S. Seyfried, Joseph D. Edwards, James W. Dalling, Angela D. Kent, Wendy H. Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07327-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07327-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Interactions among ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees, fungal communities and ecosystem-scale N availability can drive carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling at the tree scale, but these mechanisms have largely been tested in N-limited ecosystems. We investigated the role of ECM and saprotrophic (SAP) fungal communities in suppressing inorganic N cycling beneath ECM trees in a tropical rainforest where biotic and abiotic factors can drive rapid N cycling at the ecosystem scale. Based on knowledge from temperate and boreal forests, we expected to observe a decrease in ECM:SAP fungal ratios and a shift in the ECM fungal community composition with increasing inorganic N availability.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We quantified fungal community metrics and soil chemical properties in a long-term N addition experiment located in a lower montane tropical rainforest. We measured the natural abundance stable N isotopic composition of litter and soil organic matter to indicate contributions of ECM fungi to ecosystem N cycling.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We found that the stable N isotopic composition of leaf litter correlated with a shift in fungal community composition between control and N addition plots. N addition did not affect ECM:SAP fungal ratios or ECM community composition, but decreased the relative abundance of <i>Cortinarius</i>, which are peroxidase-producing ECM fungi.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We did not find evidence that interguild competition or specific ECM functional traits drove conservative N cycling beneath ECM trees. This suggests that tree-scale N limitation may be partially mediated by ecosystem-scale N availability that is distinct in tropical rainforest compared to temperate and boreal forests.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil comammox Nitrospira dominates over ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in the invasion of Solidago canadensis","authors":"Wen-Tao Qiao, Yong-Feng Wang, Xue-Yan Hou, Xiang-Zhen Li, Dao-Lin Du, Zhi-Cong Dai, Guang-Qian Ren, Xiao-Jun Zheng, Chao-Ying Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07326-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07326-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Invasive plants often positively interact with nitrogen cycle microorganisms, but the key response species of nitrification community to plant invasion remain poorly understood. Additionally, the recent finding of complete ammonia oxidizing (comammox) bacterium <i>Nitrospira</i> has caused a heated debate on the relative importance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), archaea (AOA) and comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> in environments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted a field study to explore the effect of the exotic plant <i>Solidago canadensis</i> invading the habitat of the native plant <i>Humulus scandens</i> on the soil communities of AOB, AOA and comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> in eastern China. The invasions were classified to low, medium and high levels (<i>S. canadensis</i> &lt; 10%, ~ 50%, and &gt; 90%, respectively).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We found that comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> existed in all samples (0.36 to 1.33 × 10⁷ copies g⁻¹ DW soil, <i>n</i> = 3), dominating over both AOB (0.29 to 8.52 × 10⁶ copies g⁻¹ DW soil) and AOA (0.38 to 1.74 × 10⁵ copies g⁻¹ DW soil) by 1–2 orders of magnitude. <i>S. canadensis</i> invasion decreased the abundance of AOB and AOA (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) but increased the abundance of comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> in <i>S. canadensis</i> rhizosphere. All comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> detected in this study fall into Clade A rather than Clade B. <i>S. canadensis</i> invasion decreased the diversity of comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Importantly, <i>S. canadensis</i> invasion changed the community structure of comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> in plant rhizospheres.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our study suggests that comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> might be a crucial and beneficial N-cycler bacterium in <i>S. canadensis</i> invasion process. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing soybean yield through co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium spp. and ammonium-excreting Azospirillum brasilense HM053","authors":"S. C. Araujo, R. M. Etto, E. M. Souza, F. O. Pedrosa, F. Furmam-Cherobim, A. R. Bini, D. R. P. Gonçalves, E. Guerlinguer, P. C. Conceição, A. L. Braccini, D. C. V. Marteli, E. L. Souchie, I. M. B. Torneli, C. W. Galvão","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07330-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07330-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>The inoculation of <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> spp. in soybean is a widespread technology in Brazil and one of the most successful cases of plant-bacteria interaction once all the nitrogen required by the plant is provided through biological nitrogen fixation. Co-inoculation of <i>Bradyrhizobium spp</i>. with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> AbV5/AbV6 was recommended in Brazil in 2013, but its adoption by farmers has been limited due to variable yield gains. In the present work, we hypothesized that additional traits of <i>A. brasilense</i>, such as resistance to oxidative stress and ammonium excretion, further enhance its growth-promoting effects in soybean when co-inoculated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Therefore, an oxidative resistant strain (IH1), two constitutive nitrogen fixing strains (HM053 and HM210) and the commercial strains (AbV5/AbV6) of <i>A. brasilense</i> were co-inoculated with <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> spp. in soybean. The experiments were carried out in four distinct soil and edaphoclimatic regions of Brazil to evaluate soybean nodulation, growth, and yield.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The novel strains of <i>A. brasilense</i> enhanced soybean nodulation and grain yield. The co-inoculation with the HM053 strain resulted in the highest increase in soybean grain yield, ranging from 4.3% to 25.4%, or 151.7 to 878.1 kg/ha, compared to single inoculation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This promising technology generates environmental and economic gains, since it promotes plant growth, increases yield and contributes for a sustainable agriculture.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}