Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Effect of mineral fertilizer addition on Pinus massoniana Lamb leaf litter decomposition and on amino acid concentration in a subtropical forest","authors":"Abdul Baess Keyhani, Wei He, Mingjun Teng, Zhaogui Yan, Monira Fayaz, Peng Zhao Hui, Wang Xiuyuan, Zemin Han, Abebe Assefa Gobena, Ataeei Abdul Rasool, Pengcheng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07121-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07121-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Leaf litter constitutes a major fraction in litter production in Masson pine forests. However, productivity declines due to infertile soil. In these plantations, fertilization is a key management practice to sustain productivity. Our study aimed to: (1) evaluate the effect of mineral fertilizer on the decomposition dynamic of leaf litter; (2) evaluate its effect on amino acid concentration; and (3) explore the relationship between soil properties and amino acid.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Leaf litters of Masson pine were placed into litter bags in the following treatments: Control (CK), N fertilization (+ N), N and P fertilization (+ NP), and N, P, K fertilization (+ NPK) and collected every three months during 12 months of decomposition. Litterbags and chromatography techniques were employed to assess litter mass and amino acid concentration.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our study found that Masson pine leaf litter significantly affected by fertilizers, and the decomposition process accelerated with + NPK, and + NP. Out of the 16 amino acids, only GAALAGL showed significant increase under fertilizer treatments. The total amino acid concentrations were 229.33 ± 4.46, 205.37 ± 4.49, 206.28 ± 4.17, 186.74 ± 4.32 mg/g, respectively, in + NPK, + NP, + N, and CK. Soil chemical properties had a negative effect on amino acid concentration except for GVITMAS. N and P concentrations in leaf litter significantly increased while K concentration decreased; similarly, soil N and P exhibited significant increases, while K decreased.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>NPK fertilizer might be the preferred management option as it can positively impact leaf litter decomposition and increase amino acid concentration. The findings serve as a valuable reference for implementing fertilization strategies in subtropical forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of varieties, plant available Si and nutrients in straw Si and grain yield at the Mauguio experimental station (Southern France)","authors":"J. D. Meunier, C. Keller","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07058-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07058-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>The concentration of silicon in crops depends on soil composition and plant type but whether grain yield depends on the wheat varieties that are enriched in Si in wheat remains poorly documented.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Field and pot experiments were performed on calcareous Cambisols near Montpellier, France, with eight wheat varieties commonly grown in the region. Additionally, we examined two agricultural modalities: with NPK fertilization (CON) and without (CTR). Our investigations included an analysis of soil physicochemical parameters and bioavailable silicon (PAS) extracted by CaCl₂.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>There was a significant positive correlation between grain yield and silicon concentration in straw. Interestingly, none of the other soil parameters demonstrated a correlation with grain yield. Although the CON plots exhibited higher levels of clay, CaCO₃, organic carbon, and nitrogen than the CTR plots, these differences did not impact the PAS, straw silicon, or grain yield. Furthermore, a pot experiment involving the Anvergur variety corroborated that the straw silicon concentration remained unaffected by the soil characteristics observed in the field.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings indicate that foliar Si concentrations in wheat does not depend on soil Si pools and NPK addition and that wheat varieties enriched in silicon have the highest grain yield. As such, selecting wheat varieties with high silicon content is pivotal for sustaining optimal yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of T3SS-positive Pseudomonas isolates on sugar beet growth stimulation and pathogen resistance","authors":"Marija Nedeljković, Aleksandra Mesaroš, Vuk Rašić, Ivan Nikolić, Slaviša Stanković, Jelena Lozo, Iva Atanasković","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07137-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07137-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and objective</h3><p>Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant-microbe interactions harbours great potential for increasing the productivity and resilience of crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and role of the type III secretion system (T3SS) in non-pathogenic <i>Pseudomonas</i> strains associated with sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.). The T3SS acts like a molecular syringe that enables bacteria to inject effector proteins directly into host plant cells. While it has been extensively studied in pathogenic bacteria, its role in symbiotic bacteria is still largely unexplored.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The genetic diversity of the isolates was assessed and their T3SS expression was analysed in the presence of sugar beet extract. A T3SS deletion mutant of <i>Pseudomonas marginalis</i> OL141 was generated to study the effects of T3SS on plant growth and pathogen resistance. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>T3SS was detected in 10 out of 20 <i>Pseudomonas</i> isolates representing seven different species and sharing a conserved region in the <i>hrcT</i> gene. T3SS expression was induced in five isolates by sugar beet extract. <i>P. marginalis</i> OL141 promoted sugar beet growth and increased resistance to <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> infection, and this effect was abolished by the deletion of T3SS.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates the widespread occurrence of T3SS in sugar beet-associated <i>Pseudomonas</i> strains. The results suggest that T3SS-mediated interactions contribute to the promotion of plant growth and resistance to pathogens. Further research is needed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of T3SS-mediated plant-microbe interactions and their broader implications for agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving grain yield in crop/forage intercropping systems by altering forage cutting date","authors":"Fangru Wan, Lin Xiang, Guanrong Dai, Xiaozheng Wang, Jiena Li, Yinjuan Li, Baoqing Zhang, Longshuai Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07129-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07129-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aim</h3><p>Improving grain yield in crop/pasture intercropping systems is important for ensuring food security. The grain yield advantage of intercropping systems originates from the border row effect and recovery growth, both of which are influenced by forage cutting dates. However, there is a lack of research on improving grain yield in intercropping systems by adjusting forage cutting dates.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>An experiment was conducted over two years (2021–2023), with cropping patterns including wheat/alfalfa strip intercropping and sole wheat cropping. The intercropped alfalfa had four cutting dates (T-20, 20 days before the first flowering stage; T-10, 10 days before the first flowering stage; T, the first flowering stage; T + 10, 10 days after the first flowering stage).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>After cutting alfalfa, the increase in intercropped wheat yield was greater in T-10 compared to T-20. The T-10 treatment led to the largest yield improvement over sole wheat in both years, with intercropped wheat yield being 9.1% and 2.9% greater than sole wheat yield in each respective year. T-10 significantly increased yield by 46.2% and 17.9% compared to T in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The yield advantage of intercropped wheat in the T-20 and T-10 treatments was primarily observed in the center rows and the second border rows.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>These results indicate that cutting alfalfa 10 days before the first flowering stage can maximize the productivity of grain crops in wheat/alfalfa strip intercropping system. It can provide scientific evidence and technical support for crop management in rainfed agriculture on the Loess Plateau.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking soil characteristics, rhizosphere microbiome composition, and plant defence reaction to apple replant disease severity","authors":"Nils Orth, Jiem Krueger, Benye Liu, Fatma M. Mahmoud, Sarah Benning, Ludger Beerhues, Michael Schloter, Jens Boy, Georg Guggenberger, Traud Winkelmann","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07091-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07091-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Introduction</h3><p>Apple replant disease (ARD) causes reduced growth and fruit yield and affects orchards and tree nurseries worldwide. A number of pathogens have been consistently identified as causal agents of ARD; however factors affecting disease-severity are not fully understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>We examined five soils from German tree nurseries and apple orchards featuring different soil characteristics and replant histories. We aimed to link the plant-soil interaction to replant disease severity.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In a greenhouse experiment, young apple plants were grown for eight weeks on untreated and disinfected (control) soils. Growth parameters were recorded to evaluate the severity of ARD. The defence response of the plants was examined by expression analysis of ARD indicator genes (<i>BIS3</i>, <i>B4H</i> and <i>ERF1B</i>) and GC–MS-based detection of phytoalexins. The fungal and bacterial rhizosphere communities were investigated by ITS and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, respectively.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>After eight weeks, ARD symptoms were observed on all soils. Growth depression was highest on soils that had faced intensive apple cultivation and lowest on a soil with only one year of apple cultivation prior to the experiment. These results correlated with increases in the <i>BIS3</i> expression level and the phytoalexin content in the roots. No bacteria and fungi commonly found in increased abundance in ARD soils were consistently detected in all soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Replant history influenced disease severity more than soil characteristics. ARD symptoms correlated with <i>BIS3</i> expression and phytoalexin (PA) formation. PA exudation increased the relative abundance of bacterial genera with the potential ability to degrade phenolic compounds.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional-scale environmental drivers and thresholds of under-canopy biocrusts in the Sandland","authors":"Yingxin Wei, Mengchen Ju, Yanuo Zou, Shufang Wu, David Eldridge, Chongfeng Bu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07131-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07131-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>Biocrusts play vital roles in arid ecosystems, yet their responses to environmental change remain poorly understood, especially for biocrusts sheltered beneath vegetation canopies. This study aimed to identify critical environmental drivers and thresholds shaping under-canopy biocrust distribution and development across the Mu Us Sandland in northwestern China.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We measured biocrust characteristics (cover, thickness, shear strength) and environmental variables (vegetation, soil, topography, climate, disturbance) at 44 sites. Relationships were analyzed using correlation analyses and regression tree models.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Vegetation cover emerged as the primary driver, with total biocrust cover increasing markedly above 56% canopy cover and moss dominance above 71%. Moss crusts thrived under moderate temperatures (15–17 °C) and higher soil potassium content (&gt; 14 g/kg), while cyanobacterial crusts dominated on steeper slopes (&gt; 10°) with lower composite topographic index (&lt; -0.079) and higher soil pH (&gt; 8.7). Moderate grazing disturbance (0.41–0.7 hoofprints m⁻²) promoted biocrust development under specific conditions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings reveal complex environmental controls on under-canopy biocrusts and their potential responses to climate change. The identified thresholds provide valuable guidance for developing evidence-based conservation strategies to enhance ecosystem resilience in vulnerable drylands worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) affects microbial-driven rice straw decomposition in multiple stages","authors":"Xinling Ma, Qingjun Dai, Wenjing Qin, Jia Liu, Xiaoli Liu, Ling Chen, Jianbo Fan, Meng Wu, Daming Li, Ming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07120-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07120-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Although variations in microbial communities and residue components have been detected during the decomposition of monospecific and mixed plant residue in soils, little is known about the response of specific taxa to different residue types and their interactions with other microorganisms.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We compared the decomposition dynamics, recruited microbial community, and lignocellulolytic genes during the decomposition of leguminous milk vetch (MV), non-leguminous rice straw (S), and their mixed residue (SMV) to reveal the mechanisms of microbial-driven residue decomposition in soil.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The residue remaining weight and main lignocellulose component contents exhibited varied periodic dynamics during decomposition. The SMV treatment maintained a relatively high decomposition rate, particularly at the early stages. <i>Actinobacteria</i><i>, </i><i>Alphaproteobacteria</i><i>, </i><i>Gammaproteobacteria,</i> and <i>Sordariomycetes</i> were enriched in S treatment. <i>Eurotiomycetes</i> and <i>Bacilli</i> were enriched in MV treatment, while <i>Mucoromycetes</i> was enriched in SMV treatment. Co-decomposition of residues increased the alpha diversity of the microbial community and enriched the <i>Mucorales</i> by increasing its niche breadth. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that <i>Mucorales</i> was a key functional taxon with high lignocellulolytic potential.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our study indicated that co-decomposition could widen the niche breadth of specific microbial species facing competitive condition during decomposition. Also, they could recruit more functional groups, maintain decomposition efficiency, and promote residue decomposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decaying logs and gap positions jointly maintain the structure and function of soil invertebrate community in a subalpine forest","authors":"Yurui Jiang, Zhuang Wang, Rui Cao, Qin Wang, Weizhong Li, Wanqin Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07124-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07124-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Soil invertebrates are an indispensable component of forest biodiversity, and play irreplaceable roles in carbon and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Although decaying logs and canopy gaps might affect the structure and function of soil invertebrate community via multiple pathways, knowledge regarding the interactive effect of decaying logs and gap positions on soil invertebrate community is limited.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Minjiang fir (<i>Abies faxoniana</i>) logs of decay classes I, II, III, IV, and V were simultaneously incubated on the floor from the gap center to the closed canopy in an over-mature Minjiang fir forest. After a 6-year incubation, soil invertebrate communities in the litter and topsoil layers beneath and away from logs were investigated in the growing season.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Soil invertebrate taxa compositions beneath logs differed from those away from logs. Invertebrate densities in the litter and topsoil were significantly higher in microhabitats away from logs than those beneath early- and highly-decayed logs. Meanwhile, the Shannon–Wiener index of invertebrate communities in the litter and topsoil was significantly higher beneath the middle-decayed logs. Furthermore, invertebrate densities and the Shannon–Wiener index in the litter and topsoil markedly increased from the gap center to the closed canopy. Additionally, densities of fungivores and detritivores beneath logs were markedly lower than those away from logs, and densities of fungivores and omnivores increased significantly from the gap center to the closed canopy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Decaying logs and gap positions jointly mediate the structure and function of soil invertebrate communities, implying that reserving logs and intermediate gap disturbances are crucial for maintaining soil biodiversity in the subalpine forest.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment hardening changes the physicochemical characteristics and microbial diversity of sediment and has potential effects on submerged macrophytes","authors":"Chuanxin Chao, Xiaorong Chen, Shen Gong, Feng Li, Zhengmiao Deng, Yeai Zou, Yonghong Xie","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07113-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07113-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>The intensification of climate change and increases in dam construction have altered the inherent hydrological rhythms of river-connected lakes and led to the formation of a new feature of lake sediment known as sediment hardening. However, changes in sediment characteristics caused by sediment hardening and their potential effects on submerged macrophytes remain unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A field investigative study and mesocosm experimental study were performed in Dongting Lake to provide evidence on how variations in sediment hardening affect the physical, chemical, and microbial properties of sediments and subsequently impact the health of submerged macrophytes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Sediment hardening mainly changes the characteristics of the 0–20 cm sediment layer by increasing the proportion of macroaggregates, decreasing the bulk density (BD) and pH, and increasing the contents of sediment total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and organic carbon (SOC). Sediment type (hardened and unhardened) and depth (0–5, 10–15, and 20–25 cm) significantly influenced the richness indices of bacteria and fungi, with sediment type having the greatest effect on the fungal community composition and sediment depth having the greatest effect on the bacterial community composition. The combination of high water depth and sediment hardening resulted in shorter root systems in submerged macrophytes that are not conducive to growth.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our study is the first to establish a link between sediment hardening and the growth and development of submerged macrophytes. Moreover, it highlights the potential role of sediment hardening and water level interactions in regulating the development and growth of submerged macrophytes in river-connected lakes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon enhanced phytoextraction of Sedum alfredii Hance by improving growth, Cd tolerance, and remolding rhizospheric properties","authors":"Junlong Xu, Yudie Shao, Xinhao Rao, Jinliang Tang, Christopher Rensing, Hend Alwathnani, Madeha Ayed Alonazi, Jinlin Zhang, Liming Zhang, Shihe Xing, Wenhao Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07133-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07133-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Silicon (Si) has been shown to alleviate cadmium (Cd) toxicity in plants, but the effect of Si on hyperaccumulators such as <i>S. alfredii</i> has not been fully elucidated. This study evaluated the impact of exogenous Si on growth, Cd accumulation, and rhizosphere properties of <i>S. alfredii</i>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Si was applied to <i>S. alfredii</i> and various parameters were assessed, including biomass, shoot Cd content, chlorophyll, carotenoid levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, cell wall composition, soil nutrient availability, and rhizosphere enzyme activities. A thorough transcriptomic analysis was also conducted.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Si significantly increased shoot biomass (21.47–104.35%) and Cd accumulation (144.60–747.11%) in <i>S. alfredii</i>. Si also enhanced chlorophyll levels, reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and mitigated Cd-induced oxidative stress. Si boosted cell wall components, thereby facilitating Cd transport in roots. In rhizosphere soil, Si improved alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen (AHN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and increased available Cd content. Si enhanced rhizospheric enzyme activities. Positive correlations were observed between rhizosphere nutrient availability and plant biomass, enzyme activities and Cd accumulation. Transcriptome analysis showed a higher expression of stress responsive transcription factors (WRKY, basic leucine zipper (bZIP), MYB, NAC) and genes encoding functions involved in metal transport (Heavy Metal ATPases (HMA), Copper Transporter (COPT), chelation (Phytochelatins (PCs), Metallothioneins (MTs), Glutathione (GSH)), and cell wall biosynthesis (Cellulose synthases (Ces), Pectin Methylesterases (PME)).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Si enhanced the tolerance and accumulation of Cd in <i>S. alfredii</i>, underscoring its potential in phytoextraction applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}