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Meta-analysis of soil oxygen distribution: plant species-specific dynamics and optimal levels for plant growth 土壤氧分布的元分析:植物物种特有的动态和植物生长的最佳水平
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07526-z
Weiwei Zhang, Jianshuang Gao, Azhar Sohail Shahzad, Shunyao Zhuang
{"title":"Meta-analysis of soil oxygen distribution: plant species-specific dynamics and optimal levels for plant growth","authors":"Weiwei Zhang, Jianshuang Gao, Azhar Sohail Shahzad, Shunyao Zhuang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07526-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07526-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Soil oxygen contributes to the root growth of plants, yet its correlation to the rhizosphere nutrient cycling and plant growth, as well as the optimal ranges remains poorly defined across diverse plant species.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted a meta-analysis with nine plant species (including bamboo, tomato, wheat, barley, jojoba, maize, peach, reed, and rice) from six countries to elucidate the relationships between soil oxygen levels and the growth of plant species.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results revealed a gradient of soil oxygen availability, with bamboo exhibiting the highest levels (16%–22%) and tomato and wheat frequently falling below 10%. Aeration significantly increased soil oxygen by 13.50% (8.29%–18.71%), while mulched provided a significant reduction, and their combined application yielded a 9.32% improvement relative to mulched alone. Soil oxygen decreased with depth, reaching a minimum at 31–40 cm. Notably, increased soil oxygen availability was strongly correlated with improved biomass and root activity in bamboo and rice, and enhanced soil organic matter and temperature in bamboo and tomato, respectively.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Localized regression analyses identified species-specific optimal soil oxygen ranges—for instance, 19.4%–21.6% for bamboo biomass, 12%–13% for jojoba biomass, and 8.4%–9.4% for rice root activity—underscoring the potential benefits of targeted oxygen enrichment in the 10–30 cm soil zone. These findings offer a scientific basis for optimizing soil oxygen management to enhance crop productivity under variable agronomic conditions.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil particulate organic carbon through altering microbial decomposition in two tropical montane rainforests 添加氮磷通过改变两种热带山地雨林微生物分解对土壤颗粒有机碳的影响
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07538-9
Kai Dong, Zixin Chen, Suhui Ma, Xuemei Yang, Wenao Wu, Danhua Zhang, Chen Yang, Fan Fan, Jiangling Zhu, Chengjun Ji, Jingyun Fang
{"title":"Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil particulate organic carbon through altering microbial decomposition in two tropical montane rainforests","authors":"Kai Dong, Zixin Chen, Suhui Ma, Xuemei Yang, Wenao Wu, Danhua Zhang, Chen Yang, Fan Fan, Jiangling Zhu, Chengjun Ji, Jingyun Fang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07538-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07538-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Nutrient availability affects soil microbial activity, thereby regulating soil carbon (C) formation, turnover and storage. Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs are altering soil nutrients, but their consequences for soil organic carbon (SOC) and its components in P-limited tropical forests are poorly understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted a 13-year-long nutrient addition experiment in two tropical montane forests to investigate the effects of N and P additions on soil particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Long-term high-N addition increased soil POC concentration and its contribution to SOC through altering edaphic conditions (i.e., soil acidification and nutrient imbalance) and suppressing microbial biomass C together with activity of lignin-modifying enzymes. However, P addition had minor effects on POC pool, which was mainly attributed to alleviate P limitation and stimulate microbial decomposition. In addition, N and P additions did not significantly change soil MAOC in both forests.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our results indicated that soil microorganisms play key roles in regulating soil C cycling through extracellular enzymes under N and P additions, suggesting a necessity of incorporating it into the prediction of ecosystem C dynamics under global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a simplified method for efficient assessment of tree uprooting resistance from large-deformation numerical parametric analyses on root system architecture 基于根系结构大变形数值参数分析的树木根系抗拔能力评估方法研究
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07513-4
Qi Huang, Yu Wang, Anthony Kwan Leung, Kostas Senetakis
{"title":"Development of a simplified method for efficient assessment of tree uprooting resistance from large-deformation numerical parametric analyses on root system architecture","authors":"Qi Huang, Yu Wang, Anthony Kwan Leung, Kostas Senetakis","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07513-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07513-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Uprooting resistance of a tree is closely related to its root system architecture (RSA), which is rather complex, diverse, and invisible from the ground surface. Conducting tree stability assessment by numerically modeling every underground RSA of millions of urban trees is prohibitive in terms of time and resources. This study aims to reveal the general root anchorage mechanism of various types of RSAs and propose a simplified method for an efficient assessment of tree uprooting resistance.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A validated truss-embedded material point model (MPM) is adopted to simulate the large-deformation uprooting process of different RSAs (i.e., tap-, plate-, heart- and sinker-shaped RSAs) and investigate their root anchorage mechanisms. A comprehensive parametric study involving 90 RSAs is performed to explore statistical correlations between RSA envelopes and uprooting resistance.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The failure modes of different RSAs demonstrate a similar “cage effect” (i.e., a root-soil composite is uprooted from the ground). The uprooting resistance of trees generally contains two parts, i.e., the soil strength mobilized at the envelope of the uprooted root system and the soil weight captured by the “root cage”. The cage effect is more pronounced with an increasing root length density.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The proposed simplified method offers a novel way for an efficient assessment of tree uprooting resistance without a need of performing computationally-demanding MPM simulations. When root properties, soil properties, and dimensions of an RSA envelope are known, the tree uprooting resistance can be estimated.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural changes and Cd immobilization mechanism of Solanum nigrum pectin in root and leaf cell walls under Cd stress Cd胁迫下龙葵根、叶细胞壁果胶的结构变化及Cd固定化机制
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07539-8
Yue Teng, Huibo Sun, Yi Xiao, Jiawei Hu, Rui Xu, Longteng Zhi, Hongyan Yu
{"title":"Structural changes and Cd immobilization mechanism of Solanum nigrum pectin in root and leaf cell walls under Cd stress","authors":"Yue Teng, Huibo Sun, Yi Xiao, Jiawei Hu, Rui Xu, Longteng Zhi, Hongyan Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07539-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07539-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Pectin plays an important role in cell wall cadmium (Cd) immobilization. The molecular structure of pectin exerts a pronounced influence on its immobilization ability. This study investigates the structural modifications of pectin in root and leaf cell walls of hyperaccumulators under Cd stress and explores the mechanisms underlying Cd immobilization.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Two kinds of Cd concentrations (50 and 100 μM) were set up in this experiment to study the physiological reactions of pectin and the structural changes of pectin polysaccharides in the root and leaf cell walls of <i>Solanum nigrum L</i>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>According to the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), Cd stress can induce numerous free hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in pectin. These hydroxyl and carboxyl groups may be derived from the modifications of Pectinase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME), and may be the main sites for the immobilization of Cd in pectin. Moreover, the structure of pectin was characterized. With the increase of Cd stress, both the proportion of homogalacturonan (HG) and the linearity of pectin increased. Increased HG could enhance the immobilization of Cd through structures such as \"egg-box\", indicating that structural changes also play an important role in the immobilization of Cd by pectin.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>In the range of 0–100 μM Cd, pectin in leaves tended to immobilize Cd by increasing the proportion of HG components and the linearity of pectin. In roots, variations in PME enzyme activity and HG components also affect the immobilization of Cd by pectin.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spartina alterniflora invasion enhances sediment nitrification processes in coastal wetland 互花米草入侵促进滨海湿地沉积物硝化过程
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07522-3
Xianbiao Lin, Dongyao Sun, Zihao Wang, Dengzhou Gao, Weifang Hu, Wei Du
{"title":"Spartina alterniflora invasion enhances sediment nitrification processes in coastal wetland","authors":"Xianbiao Lin, Dongyao Sun, Zihao Wang, Dengzhou Gao, Weifang Hu, Wei Du","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07522-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07522-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p><i>Spartina alterniflora</i> (<i>S. alterniflora</i>) invasion notably impacts sediment nitrogen (N) biogeochemical processes in coastal wetlands. However, its effects on different nitrification processes and their mechanisms in both surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (10–20 cm) sediments remain unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Potential nitrification rates mediated by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), bacteria (AOB), and comammox <i>Nitrospira</i> (PAR<sub>AOA</sub>, PAR<sub>AOB</sub>, and comammox rates), their relative contributions, functional genes (AOA, AOB<i>,</i> and Ntsp-<i>aomA</i>), and controlling factors were investigated in both surface and subsurface sediments of native <i>Cyperus malacensis</i> and adjacent <i>S. alterniflora</i>-invaded habitats with varying years (6, 10, and 14 years) in the Minjiang River Estuary, China.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>These three nitrification rates varied both spatially and seasonally. Summer nitrification rates (5.57 ± 2.28 μg N g<sup>–1</sup> d<sup>–1</sup>) in both surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (10–20 cm) sediments of these ecosystems were substantially higher than winter levels (3.78 ± 1.76 μg N g<sup>–1</sup> d<sup>–1</sup>). <i>S. alterniflora</i> invasion increased nitrification rates (39.54–68.13%) and associated functional gene abundances (28.08–52.92%) in both seasons, with surface sediments (118.40–153.85%) markedly showing higher values than subsurface layers (32.80–73.17%). Additionally, the relative contribution of PAR<sub>AOA</sub> in nitrification exhibited a marked enhancement with the <i>S. alterniflora</i> invasion. PLS-PM results further indicated that the spatiotemporal fluctuations in sediment nitrification rates were predominantly driven by organic matter accumulation and ambient temperature.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings highlight the substantial influence of <i>S. alterniflora</i> invasion on sediment nitrification dynamics, providing fundamental data for estimating N budgets and turnover in the estuarine wetlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
KH2PO4 and salicylic acid synergistically promote the germination of rapeseed, Brassica napus, under aluminum stress 铝胁迫下,KH2PO4和水杨酸协同促进甘蓝型油菜的萌发
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07449-9
Hongsong Shi, Chenyang Li, Qingyuan Zhou, Jiana Li, Cui Cui
{"title":"KH2PO4 and salicylic acid synergistically promote the germination of rapeseed, Brassica napus, under aluminum stress","authors":"Hongsong Shi, Chenyang Li, Qingyuan Zhou, Jiana Li, Cui Cui","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07449-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07449-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soil has become one of the main stress factors affecting seed germination of crops like rapeseed. Therefore, chemical intervention to alleviate Al stress during rapeseed germination could have a positive effect improving seed germination and promoting strong seedling growth.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this study, seeds of the rapeseed cultivar, Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11) were treated with various concentrations of KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and salicylic acid (SA) during germination, and a quadratic saturation D-optimal regression design was used to derive the optimal concentration for alleviating Al stress (672 <i>μM</i> and 87.5 <i>μM</i> respectively). KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (KP), SA, and the combination (KP + SA) were applied during rapeseed germination, followed by phenotypic assessment, measurement of physiological indices, and transcriptome sequencing.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results showed that KP, SA and KP + SA treatments significantly increased the seed vigor and radicle length and reduced the concentration of reactive oxygen species and proline under Al stress. Treatment with KP + SA was significantly more effective than either KP or SA alone. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified six differentially expressed genes in the KP + SA treatment group, which could enhance the antioxidant response and Al<sup>3+</sup> transport in rapeseed radicles through glutathione metabolism, ABC transporters, and other pathways to alleviate Al stress.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The results of this study demonstrate that the synergistic effect of KH₂PO₄ and SA can significantly improve the growth and adaptability of rapeseed seeds in acidic soils, which holds significant importance for agricultural production and soil management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Topography mediates contrasting patterns of glomalin-related soil protein and its contribution to soil organic carbon in a tropical montane rainforest 地形调节了热带山地雨林中与球球蛋白相关的土壤蛋白质及其对土壤有机碳的贡献
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07515-2
Zhangqi Ding, Yanpeng Li, Jieyang Liu, Zhijian Mou, Jun Wang, Donghai Wu, Dafeng Hui, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Daniel F. Petticord, Han Xu, Zhanfeng Liu
{"title":"Topography mediates contrasting patterns of glomalin-related soil protein and its contribution to soil organic carbon in a tropical montane rainforest","authors":"Zhangqi Ding, Yanpeng Li, Jieyang Liu, Zhijian Mou, Jun Wang, Donghai Wu, Dafeng Hui, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Daniel F. Petticord, Han Xu, Zhanfeng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07515-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07515-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), is a metabolite exuded by the extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which enhances soil structure and consequently is often associated with improved fertility in forest soils. This study investigates how topography and local environmental conditions influence GRSP and its ratio with soil organic carbon (GRSP/SOC) to support forest management and carbon stock conservation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In a 60-ha Jianfengling tropical montane rainforest plot, we investigated the spatial patterns of GRSP and GRSP/SOC across ridges, slopes, and valleys. Using a Random Forest model that accounted for spatial autocorrelation, we assessed how GRSP and GRSP/SOC varied with respect to topography, plant diversity, and soil physicochemistry.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>GRSP and GRSP/SOC exhibited strong spatial autocorrelation, with contrasting topographic trends: GRSP peaked in ridges but was lowest in valleys, whereas GRSP/SOC was highest in valleys. Soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and pH were key predictors of GRSP in ridges, while pH was the critical predictor of GRSP/SOC in valleys. Notably, total tree diversity—but not AMF-associated tree abundance or biomass— was significantly correlated with the relative contribution of easily extractable GRSP to SOC.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Topography strongly influences the spatial distribution of GRSP and GRSP/SOC in tropical montane rainforests, with divergent patterns between these metrics. Total tree diversity, rather than AMF tree diversity, better predicts GRSP/SOC variations, evidence of important feedbacks between plant communities and the potential to sequester carbon in soil. These findings highlight the need to integrate landscape heterogeneity and biodiversity into forest carbon management strategies.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing soil labile organic matter through oilseed rape-rice rotation and straw returning in paddy-upland systems 水旱区油菜-水稻轮作和秸秆还田提高土壤活性有机质
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07517-0
Shuntao Zhang, Tao Ren, Yating Fang, Jian Zhao, Jun Zhu, Wen-feng Cong, Hans Lambers, Jianwei Lu
{"title":"Enhancing soil labile organic matter through oilseed rape-rice rotation and straw returning in paddy-upland systems","authors":"Shuntao Zhang, Tao Ren, Yating Fang, Jian Zhao, Jun Zhu, Wen-feng Cong, Hans Lambers, Jianwei Lu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07517-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07517-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Soil labile organic matter (LOM) plays a vital role in enhancing soil productivity and fertility. However, the annual variability of LOM content and structure under diverse crop rotation and fertilization practices remains insufficiently investigated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This 5-year field study investigates the impact of different fertilization treatments—no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (CF), recommended fertilization (RF), and recommended fertilization with straw returning (RF + S)—on the content and structure of LOM under oilseed rape-rice (OR) and wheat-rice (WR) cropping systems.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results showed that the effect of rotation type on soil LOM was most pronounced during the upland season, while fertilization effects were significant across the entire annual paddy-upland rotation system. During the upland season, the OR rotation, excluding the CF treatment, resulted in significantly higher increases in soil easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and particulate nitrogen (PN) compared to the WR rotation with same fertilization treatments. The RF and RF + S treatments significantly enhanced soil LOM contents in both rotations. Excitation Emission Matrix (EEM) and UV–Visible absorption analyses indicated that the OR rotation had a higher degree of humification, a more aromatic structure, and greater levels of colored dissolved organic matter (DOM) than the WR rotation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>In summary, the OR rotation, especially with straw returning, is an effective strategy for enhancing both the content and structural stability of LOM. This approach promotes improved soil quality and offers a sustainable solution for long-term fertility management in paddy-upland rotations.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Highlights</h3><ul>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>Rotation and fertilization practices jointly affect soil LOM content and structure.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>Oilseed rape in paddy-upland rotation improves LOM content and composition.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>The LOM difference between OR and WR rotations mainly appears in the upland season.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000</ul>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reducing nitrogen application under water saving irrigation reduces greenhouse gas emissions by regulating the population of functional microorganisms, compatible with improving the wheat yield in the North China Plain 节水灌溉条件下减少施氮量通过调节功能微生物数量减少温室气体排放,与提高华北平原小麦产量相适应
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07434-2
Chuanliang Li, Yu Shi, Zhenwen Yu, Yongli Zhang, Zhen Zhang
{"title":"Reducing nitrogen application under water saving irrigation reduces greenhouse gas emissions by regulating the population of functional microorganisms, compatible with improving the wheat yield in the North China Plain","authors":"Chuanliang Li, Yu Shi, Zhenwen Yu, Yongli Zhang, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07434-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07434-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Excessive nitrogen fertilizer use reduces wheat yield and contributes to several environmental problems. The objective of this study was optimizing nitrogen fertilizer application under water-saving conditions of supplemental irrigation can balance grain yield and alleviate global warming potential value.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Supplementary irrigation techniques were applied during the jointing and anthesis stages of winter wheat. The effects of four N application treatments, no N treatment, 0 (N0), 150 (N150), 210 (N210) and 270 (N270) kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, on greenhouse gas emissions, abundance of nitrification and denitrification genes, and grain yield in winter wheat fields were investigated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results indicated that increasing nitrogen fertilizer application significantly enhanced soil inorganic nitrogen content, nitrogen cycling microbial abundance, and greenhouse gas emissions. Over the two-year period, the global warming potential (GWP) associated with N150 and N210 decreased by 35.45%- 39.16% and 19.60%- 27.12%, respectively, compared to N270. The greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) showed no significant difference between N150 and N210 but was markedly lower than that of N270. Additionally, the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for N210 and N270 decreased by 21.72% and 42.65%, respectively, compared to N150. Across both growing seasons, the highest grain yield (GY) and nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) were observed in N210.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Considering both grain yield (GY) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, nitrogen application under water-saving irrigation in the North China Plain should not exceed 210 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> to ensure a balance between agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shrub encroachment modifies soil properties through plant resource economics traits 灌木入侵通过植物资源经济性状改变土壤性质
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学
Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-07506-3
Lucía Laorden-Camacho, Karl Grigulis, Elena Tello-García, Blandine Lyonnard, Marie-Pascale Colace, Christiane Gallet, Ulrike Tappeiner, Georg Leitinger, Sandra Lavorel
{"title":"Shrub encroachment modifies soil properties through plant resource economics traits","authors":"Lucía Laorden-Camacho, Karl Grigulis, Elena Tello-García, Blandine Lyonnard, Marie-Pascale Colace, Christiane Gallet, Ulrike Tappeiner, Georg Leitinger, Sandra Lavorel","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07506-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07506-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Shrub encroachment alters ecosystem functions. Yet, changes in plant community traits and soil properties along succession from grassland to shrubland in European mountains are poorly understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We used a trait-based approach to investigate the indirect effects of shrubs from community weighted means (CWM) of plant traits to soil properties along a gradient of encroachment in subalpine grasslands at two sites in the Alps. We hypothesized that increasing shrub density shifts plant communities towards more conservative traits, which nonlinearly increases carbon sequestration and impacts nutrient cycling. We tested our hypothesized model of indirect effects using structural equation models, which accounted for biomass allocation to leaves and stems in CWM calculations.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>As expected, CWM dry matter content (DMC) increased and CWM of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) decreased with increasing shrub biomass. Increasing CWM DMC resulted in increasing soil C:N ratio and soil organic matter (SOM) concentration, and decreasing pH. Decreasing CWM P resulted in decreasing soil available P, but changes in CWM N had no effect on available N. There was no indication of nonlinear changes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates that with shrub encroachment plant communities gradually become more conservative with tougher and nutrient-poor tissues, which leads to soil acidification, SOM accumulation and lower P availability. We also demonstrate that DMC, an easy measurable trait, is a sufficient indicator for effects of plant tissue quality on soils of shrub encroached subalpine grasslands and could be used in future trait-based models, allowing projections under climate change scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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