Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of the achachairu tree (Garcinia humilis) to the combined effects of salinity and flooding","authors":"Federico W. Sanchez, Jonathan H. Crane, Haimanote K. Bayabil, Ali Sarkhosh, Muhammad A. Shahid, Bruce Schaffer","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07109-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07109-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most terrestrial plants are sensitive to prolonged flooding or soil salinity, and exposure to the combination of these factors generally compounds the negative effects of each one considered separately. Achachairu (<i>Garcinia humilis</i>, fam. Clusiaceae), a tropical fruit tree from the Bolivian Amazon, is tolerant to flooding and moderately tolerant to soil salinity, but its physiological and biochemical responses to the combined effects of flooding and salinity have not been reported. This study assessed the physiological and biochemical responses of <i>G. humilis</i> to the combined effects of 30 d flooding and salinity levels of 4 dS m^-1. Physiological variables measured included leaf gas exchange [net CO₂ assimilation (<i>A</i>), stomatal conductance of H₂O (<i>g</i>_<i>s</i>), and intercellular CO₂ concentration (<i>C</i>_<i>i</i>)], leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), and the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Leaf and root nutrient analyses were performed to assess nutrient imbalances and the accumulation of toxic ions. Antioxidant responses, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione (GSH); reactive oxygen species (ROS); and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were also measured. The results indicate that <i>G. humilis</i> can tolerate the combined effects of prolonged flooding of 30 d and soil salinity of at least 4 dS m^-1, maintaining basal <i>A</i> and <i>g</i>_<i>s</i> levels of approximately 30%, with no evidence of physiological damage to LCI, Fv/Fm, or visible stress symptoms. While Na and Cl concentrations increased in leaf and root tissues, trees were able to maintain nutrient homeostasis within non-toxic levels. A robust antioxidant response was observed and possibly countered the potentially noxious effects of flooding and salinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of soil microbial functional groups, abiotic and biotic factors on plant functional groups: insights from a tropical rainforest in Southwest China","authors":"Yanxuan Chen, Xiaobo Huang, Rong Tang, Rui Zhang, Cong Li, Tongli Wang, Jianrong Su, Shuaifeng Li","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07092-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07092-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Studying the relationship between plant functional groups and soil microbial functional groups, abiotic and biotic factors are important for understanding the mechanisms of species coexistence and ecological processes among biological communities, especially in species-rich tropical rainforests.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study utilized the Competitor, Stress-tolerator, and Ruderal (CSR) theory for plant classification, and FAPROTAX and FUNGuild for soil bacterial and fungal functional guild analysis, and combined with abiotic and biotic factors. We use correlation analysis, multivariate regression analysis, random forest model, redundancy analysis and variance decomposition to analyze the data.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>(1) A total of 316 woody plant species were classified into four functional groups. The intermediate (Int, 53.48%) and competitor (C, 29.75%) functional groups comprised the majority of plant species, while the ruderal (R) functional group was least represented (1.27%). Dominant soil fungal functional groups included <i>undefined saprotrophs</i>, <i>ectomycorrhizal</i>, and <i>soil saprotrophs</i>, while key bacterial groups included <i>chemoheterotrophs</i>, <i>nitrifiers</i>, and <i>nitrogen fixers</i>. (2) <i>Soil saprotrophs</i> were positively correlated with the stress-tolerator (S) functional group but negatively with the Int functional group. The C functional group was positively associated with <i>arbuscular mycorrhizal</i> fungi. (3) Soil bacterial functional groups were the key driving factors affecting the relative abundance of plant functional groups, while abiotic and biotic factors were the important influencing factors.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This study sheds light on the relationship between plant functional groups and soil microbial functional diversity, biotic and abiotic factors, underlying processes for understanding tropical rainforest community dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Windthrow disturbance impacts soil biogeochemistry and bacterial communities in a temperate forest","authors":"Bonnie G. Waring, Lena Lancastle, Thomas Bell, Martin I. Bidartondo, Pablo García-Díaz, Xavier Lambin, Elena Vanguelova, Francis A. Windram","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07086-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07086-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Forests across the world are subject to disturbance via wind, wildfire, and pest and disease outbreaks. Yet we still have an incomplete understanding of how these stressors impact forest biota—particularly the soil microbes, which govern forest carbon and nutrient cycling.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Here, we investigated the impact of a severe windstorm on soil bacterial communities in Kielder Forest, a temperate coniferous forest in the north of England. Within ten individual sites, defined by common stand composition and topography, we established 50 m² plots in undisturbed stands, and in nearby stands that were moderately and/or severely disturbed by windthrow. Soils were sampled within each of the 22 study plots, and analysed for changes in carbon and nitrogen content, pH, root biomass, and bacterial community structure. We separately sequenced bacteria from bulk soils, rhizosphere soils, and root tissues to assess whether disturbance impacts varied based on the proximity of microbiota to tree roots.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Less than a year after the storm, we found that the most severely disturbed stands had lower canopy cover, lower soil carbon content, higher soil pH, and a smaller fine root biomass than the undisturbed stands. Disturbance also impacted bacterial community beta-diversity, but the effects were subtle and did not vary among assemblages in bulk vs. rhizosphere soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Impacts of aboveground disturbance on soil biogeochemistry can be significant, but soil bacterial communities are relatively well-buffered against these changes. However, altered patterns of root growth and carbon cycling may have longer-term implications for forest recovery after windthrow disturbances.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growing a grass and forb mixture in drying soil – root systems do not show spatial niche complementarity","authors":"Palash Mandal, Jochem B. Evers, Peter E.L van der Putten, Tjeerd Jan Stomph","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07096-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07096-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aim</h3><p>Differences in root system architecture of species grown in mixtures may contribute to overyielding through spatial niche complementarity, depending on soil conditions. We investigated if differences in root system architecture in a grass-forb combination under drying soil conditions contributed to complementarity in root distribution.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Bristle oat (<i>Avena strigosa</i> Schreb.) and fodder radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) were grown in containers (35 cm soil depth) in a greenhouse as sole stands and alternate row mixtures with continuous rewetting or in drying soil profiles. Drying soils reached 7.5 and 9.5% cm³/cm³ moisture at 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth respectively. Aboveground biomass and root system traits were quantified.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Mixtures produced 60 and 34% more root length and 11 and 24% higher biomass than sole stands in moist and drying soil respectively. In drying soil bristle oat and fodder radish had respectively 58% and 13% higher root length density in mixtures than in sole stands, whereas fodder radish dominated the aboveground biomass. In drying soil, sole-growing bristle oat produced more root length in the bottom layer than in other layers, while sole-growing fodder radish produced more root length in the upper layer. In mixtures both species produced more root length in the upper layer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Both species over-yielded when grown as a mixture either in moist or drying topsoil; however, they did not exhibit complementary root distribution. Contrary to the expected niche complementarity, plants of both species enhanced root placement in the top layer, whether dry or moist.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant and microbial β diversities are better predictors of ecosystem functioning than their α diversities, but aridity weakens these associations","authors":"Lu Zhang, Shilong Lei, Rong Qian, Raúl Ochoa-Hueso, Xiangtao Wang, Jie Wang, Lirong Liao, Guobin Liu, Qiang Li, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07093-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07093-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Understanding the linkage between community heterogeneity (β diversity) and ecosystem functioning is crucial for uncovering complex ecological processes that impact ecosystem stability and productivity. However, our understanding of how β diversity is associated with ecosystem functioning across environmental gradients remains limited.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted an aridity-gradient transect survey of grassland over 3500 km across the Tibetan Plateau (a total of 80 grassland sites) to investigate the changes of plant and soil microbial diversities along a natural aridity gradient, and to evaluate the above- and belowground biomass and plant nutrient levels connected with the observed variation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results showed that plant richness, above- and belowground biomass, plant nutrient concentrations, and soil microbial α and β diversities (including taxonomic and functional) significantly decreased along the aridity gradient. Compared to the α diversities of plant and microbial community, their β diversities were more significantly correlated with above- and belowground biomass and plant carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. Metagenomic functional profiles showed that β diversity of microbial functions, including genes of the carbohydrate metabolism responsible for carbon degradation, nitrification, energy production and conversion, material transport and coenzyme metabolism, had closer associations with plant biomass and nutrient concentrations than did their α diversities. These positive β biodiversity-functions association was weakened by the increasing aridity, mainly because the increasing aridity-induced lower biomass of plant functional groups (e.g., sedge and forbs), soil moisture and organic carbon content decreased both plant and soil microbial β diversities.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings provide novel insight into the biodiversity-ecosystem functions relationship and stress the crucial roles of above- and belowground β diversity in supporting alpine grassland biomass and nutrient levels. Biodiversity conservation to prevent large-scale community homogenization should be attached in alpine ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water and fertilizer management regulates soil quality, bacterial community structure and function, and yield in Panax notoginseng","authors":"Hao Tan, Yunfei Tuo, Xiang Chang, Jiaping Liang, Qiliang Yang, Xiahong He","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07068-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07068-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Proper water and fertilizer management can improve soil quality, regulate soil microbial community balance, and increase crop yield. However, the overall soil quality of Panax notoginseng under different irrigation and fertilization levels are still unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We set up an experiment with different irrigation and fertilization treatments and a non-irrigated and non-fertilized CK as a control in Panax pseudoginseng farmland during three consecutive years. The differences of TDS (Total data set) covering 13 soil physicochemical properties and biological indicators in the fruiting stage of Panax notoginseng under different irrigation and fertilization treatments were analyzed, and the effects of different irrigation and fertilization treatments on the structure and function of soil bacterial community in a phyla level were further explored. The soil MDS (Minimum data set) was selected by principal component analysis and Norm value combined with Pearson correlation analysis, and the SQI-MDS (Soil quality index based on minimum data set) was employed to comprehensively evaluate the soil quality of Panax notoginseng under each irrigation and fertilization treatment and the corresponding yield was associated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The data showed that the soil physicochemical properties and Alpha diversity index, structure, and function of bacterial in Panax notoginseng under different irrigation and fertilization treatments in three years had significant difference. In three years, the coupling water and fertilizer treatments compared to single fertilization or irrigation had more unique bacteria phyla, the Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria phyla in each fertilization or irrigation treatment, the Acidobacteriota and Firmicutes phylum demonstrated significant difference in the W3 (15 mm) and F3 (93.00 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;) treatment, respectively, and the values of multiple positive soil physicochemical indicators and bacterial functional metabolism potential under the W3F3 treatment were significantly greater than CK. In addition, the functional richness of soil beneficial bacteria in Panax notoginseng increased with the increased planting years. The soil MDS included pH and Shannon indicators, and the fitting effect between SQI-MDS-NL (Soil quality index based on minimum data set under nonlinear model) and SQI-TDS (Soil quality index based on total data set) were better in each year. The irrigation and fertilization regimes under the top three soil quality were the same and the soil quality under the W3F3 treatment was in the top three in every year. Furthermore, the yield in Panax notoginseng under the W3F3 treatment in 2018–2019, 2019–2020, and 2021–2022 year increased by 1.63 times, 1.29 times, and 0.95 times compared with CK, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of natural abundance and enriched 15N methods to quantify nitrogen fertilizer recovery in maize under field conditions","authors":"Sarita Manandhar, Cristina Martinez, Neal W. Menzies, Ram C. Dalal, Michael Bell","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07088-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07088-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>This study compared the ability of natural abundance (NA) and ¹⁵N-enrichment (EN) methods to quantify contribution of different N sources (fertilizer and legume N derived from fixation) to crop N uptake by maize crop grown in No-Till cropping system under field conditions. The quantitative estimates of different N contributions were then compared between methods.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A field experiment was established on a Vertosol by sowing legume (<i>Vicia faba</i>) or non-legume (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) grain crops. The following maize crop was fertilized using either urea or ¹⁵N-enriched (5 atom%) urea, at five N rates in spatially separated subplots in each field plot.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The proportional recovery of fertilizer N in grain (%Ndff) showed that EN method provided higher estimates than that determined by NA method, with differences greatest in wheat–maize rotation. The NA method was better able to quantify residual benefits of fixed N from faba beans in a following maize crop. Unfortunately, different biomass and grain sampling times necessitated by the size of fertilised plots used for each isotopic method confounded comparisons of Ndff in crop biomass and grain yields.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>While larger plot sizes able to be used in cheaper NA method provided better estimates of crop and grain biomass and N content, and enabled quantification of recovery of atmospheric N₂-fixed legume N (%Ndfa) in a following maize crop, EN method was better able to estimate fertilizer N recovery by maize in the field. The reasons for differences in %Ndff between methods and crop histories require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"256 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal network and plant metabolites drive the assembly of the peanut root microbiome","authors":"Chen-Yu Ma, Xiao-Han Wu, Hao-Ming Wang, Xiang-Yu Zhang, Yan-Jun Fei, Shi-Yi Huang, Yi-Bo Wu, Zi-Han Zhao, Hui-Jun Jiang, Kai Sun, Wei Zhang, Chuan-Chao Dai","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07094-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07094-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Root-associated microbiome, especially the core taxa, profoundly affect host fitness. Previous studies have shown that the fungal probiotic <i>Phomopsis liquidambaris</i> caused the reassembly of the peanut root core microbiome, promoting plant growth and disease resistance. However, the assembly mechanism of the root core microbiome remains largely unknown.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The rhizosphere bacterial communities and the dynamic changes of core microbes were analyzed throughout the growing season with high-throughput sequencing. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography was carried out to determine the influence of <i>Ph. liquidambaris</i> colonization on the metabolic profiles of peanut root exudates. Based on correlation analysis, bacterial growth, biofilm formation, and chemotaxis experiments were carried out to verify the effect of <i>Ph. liquidambaris</i>-induced root exudates on colonization behavior of core microbes. The nested plate assay was used to analyze the interaction between fungal networks and core microbes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Here, we demonstrated that the process from bulk soil to rhizosphere is a key step in the peanut root microbiome reassembly. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that <i>Ph. liquidambaris</i>-induced changes in root exudates mediated the reassembly process by promoting the colonization of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. HB1, <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. MB6, and <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> sp. MB15. Further, we found that the <i>Ph. liquidambaris</i> hyphal network selectively promotes bacterial dispersal and collaborates with root exudates to encourage the enrichment of core microbes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our results revealed that the additive effect of plant chemistry and physical network supports the fungal probiotics caused peanut root microbiome reassembly, mediating plant fitness to monocropping obstacles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterobacter hormaechei Wu15-loaded biochar enhances the ice plant growth by improving saline soil quality","authors":"Bingzhe Su, Zhuo Tu, Zihe Yang, Nana Liu, Zhuoyu Bai, Zihe Deng, Fei Tian, Dongye Huang, Duoduo Tian, Zhansheng Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07063-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07063-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aim</h3><p>Considering that the current proportion of saline-alkaline land worldwide is relatively high, it is vital to find a low-consumption and high-efficiency method for saline-alkaline land restoration, while at the same time, mitigating environmental contamination and optimizing agroforestry waste management.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Wu15 was extracted and inoculated onto biochar to prepare BC-Wu15, and the effects of biochar on soil quality and plant growth were verified by potting experiments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Soil quality and fertility of saline soils was proved to be improved. There was an increase in soil nutrient contents (incl. nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)) as well as in organic matter (OM) content and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The synergistic effect of biochar and Wu15 led to an increase by 79.95% and 81.52% in the ice plant’s chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b levels.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The result indicated the tightly packed vesicles were useful for transporting excessive salt in the ice plant. Redundancy analysis (RDA) confirmed that the improvement in plant growth was positively correlated with enhanced soil quality. This study provides useful insights into the utilization of BC-Wu15 as an effective method for amending saline soils and increasing crop yields, demonstrating the potential for the combined utilization of biochar and PGPR.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial inoculant-induced modifications of rhizospheric metabolites and microbial communities enhance plant growth","authors":"Hui Nie, Yuxuan Shi, Xinxin Yang, Jingyi Zeng, Yingzhou Tang, Xin Liu, Lianhao Sun, Yuexiang Zhou, Xian Xu, Manda Liu, Chong Li, Jinchi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-07102-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07102-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Microbial inoculants play important roles in the remediation of abandoned mine sites by stimulating plant growth. However, further investigations are required to elucidate their impacts on soil microbial communities and metabolites in this process.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>For this study, we employed amplicon sequencing and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) techniques to examine the responses of soil microbial communities and metabolic functions to microbial inoculants using a pot experiment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our findings indicated that microbial inoculants significantly influenced the structures of both bacterial and fungal communities. Network analyses revealed that microbial inoculants enhanced the stability and complexity of bacterial co-occurrence networks while reducing those of their fungal counterparts. Moreover, microbial inoculants increased the importance of stochastic processes in community assembly, particularly within fungal communities. Metabolomic analyses showed that microbial inoculants significantly modified the metabolic profiles of rhizospheric soil and upregulated metabolic pathways of phenylpropanoids and isoflavonoids. Correlation analyses and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis further showed that microbial inoculants promote plant growth by influencing keystone microbial genera and the metabolism of phenylpropanoids and isoflavonoids.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, this study demonstrated that microbial inoculants promote plant growth through the modification of rhizospheric keystone microbial taxa and the metabolism of phenylpropanoids and isoflavonoids. These results offer valuable insights into the complex biological processes influenced by microbial inoculants in the rhizosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}