Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Metal concentration and leaf spatial distribution assessed by synchrotron µXRF in Brazilian nickel hyperaccumulators","authors":"Luiz Henrique Vieira Lima, Ryan Tappero, Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07477-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07477-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>The limited number of known hyperaccumulator species in tropical regions, including Brazil, has hampered the development of nickel (Ni) agromining. In addition, the mechanisms underlying metal accumulation and distribution in these species remain poorly understood, despite their pivotal role in identifying species with economic potential. This study assessed the accumulation potential and foliar spatial distribution of metals in three Brazilian hyperaccumulator species (<i>Pfaffia sarcophylla</i>, <i>Justicia lanstyakii</i>, and <i>Lippia lupulina</i>) growing in one of the world’s largest mafic–ultramafic complexes. <i>Methods</i> Concentrations of Ni and other metals in leaves were determined using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence (SR-µXRF) was employed to map the spatial distribution of metals across intact leaves.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results revealed leaf Ni concentrations ranging from 320 to 1,950 mg kg⁻¹ in <i>P. sarcophylla</i>, 1,640 to 6,810 mg kg⁻¹ in <i>L. lupulina</i>, and 1,990 to 4,900 mg kg⁻¹ in <i>J. lanstyakii</i>. Nickel, Mn, and Co exhibited similar distribution patterns, concentrating mainly in the leaf margins and veins across all species, while Ca, K, and Mg co-localization suggests regulatory mechanisms for adaptation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Although these plants exhibited Ni hyperaccumulation, our findings suggest limited commercial potential for agromining. Further research on genetic variability and nutrient assimilation, particularly in <i>P. sarcophylla</i>, is recommended to elucidate the mechanisms underlying Ni accumulation and intraspecific variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omic profiling reveals green manuring with maize enhances fruit quality of strawberry via the microbiome–plant–metabolite axis","authors":"Huijing Fu, Chenyu Sun, Xiaolong Shu, Meilin Zhang, Zirong Kong, Fan Qi, Quanhong Xue, Hangxian Lai, Qiao Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07450-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07450-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Green manuring offers an effective approach to improve soil health and crop yield. However, the potential effects of green manuring on fruit quality and the underlying mechanisms have not been ascertained. This study investigated green manure-mediated metabolic changes in strawberry (<i>Fragaria</i> × <i>ananassa</i> Duch.) fruit quality and their relationship to the reshaping of rhizosphere microbiome.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Fresh maize straw was ploughed into the soil at a rate of 20,000 kg ha^–1 three weeks before transplanting strawberry. The global changes in fruit quality were analyzed by widely targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics. Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities were characterized based on amplicon sequencing.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Green manuring with maize enhances fruit flavor, color, and functional quality, as indicated by increased accumulation of soluble sugars, flavonoids, and bioactive compounds. The changes in fruit metabolite composition are consistent with transcriptional upregulation of functional genes in specific metabolic pathways. Rhizosphere microbial communities show higher diversity and network complexity under green manuring, with more potentially beneficial bacteria and fewer pathogenic fungi.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The results uncover strong cross-kingdom interactions between strawberry plants and rhizosphere microbes mediated by green manure, which contributes to fruit quality through sophisticated metabolic reprogramming.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-organic fertilizer application improves cucumber growth, disease resistance, and soil fertility by regulating rhizosphere microbiomes","authors":"Junyan Yang, Xin Liu, Xiangmin Rong, Pan Jiang, Yixiang Xia, Guixian Xie, Gongwen Luo, Xiaoyuan Yan","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07460-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07460-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Continuous cropping and improper fertilization have led to frequent soil-borne diseases, which have seriously affected the yield of vegetables such as cucumbers, posing a major challenge to sustainable agricultural production. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial role of soil microorganisms in plant growth and health maintenance, their responses to bio-organic fertilizer applications remain unexplored.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study analyzed the effects of organic and bio-organic fertilizers on rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere microbiomes and their associations with cucumber growth, health, and soil fertility through field experiments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results indicated that bio-organic fertilizer treatments (BM1 and BM4) enhanced cucumber dry biomass by 20.39% compared with chemical fertilizer (CF) and organic fertilizer (M1 and M4) treatments. Additionally, both BM1 and BM4 reduced disease severity by 20.08% and improved soil fertility, including soil organic matter and total nitrogen content, while mitigating soil acidification. Furthermore, BM1 and BM4 significantly increased the α-diversity of rhizosphere microbiomes compared with CF. Bio-organic fertilizers enriched the potentially beneficial microbiota, such as <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Flavobacterium</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas</i>, while reducing pathogens, including <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Lectera</i>. Network analysis indicated higher complexity and stability of rhizosphere microbial networks in BM1 and BM4 than those in CF or M. Analyses revealed that the beneficial rhizosphere taxa, pathogens, and microbial network characteristics strongly predicted plant growth, disease severity, and soil fertility indicators.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Above all, bio-organic fertilizers can enhance vegetable production performance by regulating the rhizosphere microbiome, which provides a foundation for screening biocontrol strains to improve productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of soil phosphorus mineralization and phosphorus availability by labile carbon in organic amendments through boosting copiotrophic phosphatase-producing bacteria","authors":"Yunbin Jiang, Dexu Kuang, Cheng Han, Huan Deng, Kailou Liu, Shangshu Huang, Wei Li, Wenhui Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07427-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07427-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>The mobilization of “legacy phosphorus (P)” in agricultural soils could be enhanced through organic material amendment, thereby increasing soil P availability and diminishing the reliance on chemical P fertilizers. This study aimed to elucidate the relationships between these enhancement effects, the decomposition of carbon (C) fractions, and the activation of P fractions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Six organic materials differing in C quality and P content were added in a well-fertilized upland Ultisol at a rate of 10 g C kg^–1, followed by a pot experiment with maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) cultivation. The relationships between plant P uptake, variations in soil C and P fraction contents, phosphatase activity, and phosphatase-producing bacterial community were investigated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Compared to the non-addition control, the organic material amendments significantly increased plant P uptake by 66.2%–164%. The decrease in inorganic P in all treatments was far lower than plant P uptake. The decrease in organic P, but not inorganic P, was significantly and positively related to plant P uptake, irrespective of the differences in the amounts of P and its fractions introduced by organic materials among the treatments. Despite contrasting C decomposition patterns among the treatments, only the net decomposition of labile C, O-alkyl C, and di-O-alkyl C were significantly and positively related to plant P uptake. Soil acid and alkaline phosphatase activities both significantly increased during plant growth and were strongly influenced by soil C quality, C fraction contents, and the abundance of copiotrophic phosphatase-producing bacteria, particularly the keystone taxon belonging to <i>Klebsiella</i>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of our study collectively suggest that the enhanced plant-available P under organic material amendment in the “legacy P”-containing soil is primarily due to the labile C-induced acceleration of P mineralization, irrespective of the material P properties. This acceleration is associated with the proliferation of copiotrophic phosphatase-producing bacteria regulated by labile C inputs to soil rather than P inputs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on the vertical distribution of root and soil nutrients in the middle and later stage of wheat","authors":"Quan Ma, Wencheng Liu, Guangyuan Zhai, Nanyan Zhu, Yinghui Gu, Hongdan Liu, Min Zhu, Jinfeng Ding, Chunyan Li, Wenshan Guo, Xinkai Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07461-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07461-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Nitrogen (N) input is crucial for increasing soil nutrients and improving crop root architecture. Slow-release N fertilizer has been expected to regulate soil nutrient supply in the middle and later growth stage of wheat, but its effect on root architecture and soil nutrients and their interactions remains unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods and aims</h3><p>The self-made root canal-soil column system was used to investigate the effects of sulfur-coated urea (SCU), urea (U) and compound fertilizer (CF) on the vertical distribution of wheat root and soil nutrients.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The vertical distributions of root length, length density and dry weight in 0 − 90 cm soil layer increased first and then decreased after booting. Compared with U and CF treatment, SCU treatment increased the total root length by 26.16% and 29.60%, and increased the total root dry weight by 24.24% and 38.05% at the maturity stage, respectively. The dry weight per unit length in 40 − 90 cm soil layer in SCU treatment was higher than that in U (+ 17.23%) and CF (+ 11.85%) treatment. SCU treatment significantly increased the alkali-hydrolyzed N content in 0 − 40 cm soil layer at the maturity stage, but showed no significant difference in 40 − 90 cm soil layer with U and CF treatment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>SCU application was conducive to the synergism of soil alkali-hydrolyzed N content and root distribution, which not only increased N supply in topsoil and avoided N leaching into deep soil, but also increased the root growth, contributing greatly to delaying root senescence in the later growth stage and improving grain yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From nutrition to protection: the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the interactions of plants with endoparasitic nematodes – A meta-analysis","authors":"Milena Caccia, Gabriel Grilli, Martina Janoušková, Nicolás Marro","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07474-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07474-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>We conducted an updated meta-analysis on how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve the growth and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) nutrition of plants infected by plant parasitic nematodes (PPN), and the effect of PPN on AMF root colonization, depending on AMF orders and PPN life habits.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We considered data from greenhouse experiments with AMF and PPN inoculation to perform a meta-analysis. We also correlated the effect of AMF on PPN performance and plant nutrition with plant biomass. Furthermore, we correlated AMF root colonization level on PPN effect with plant biomass and on AMF effect with PPN performance.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>With sedentary PPN, our results suggest that AMF increased plant biomass and nutrients. In plants infected with migratory PPN, N increased with all AMFs, but biomass increased only with Glomerales.</p><p>While Glomerales and Gigasporales reduced the populations of sedentary PPN, mixed inoculum and Diversisporales had no effect. Conversely, mixed inoculum reduced migratory PPN while Glomerales was not effective. PPN infection did not affect AMF colonization. We found a positive correlation between the effect of AMF inoculation on P nutrition and on plant biomass, and also between AMF colonization level and the effect of PPN on plant biomass, while root colonization level was not correlated with the effect of AMF on PPN.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>AMF may confer increased pest tolerance and/or resistance mechanisms to PPN-infected plants, with varying outcomes depending on the AMF phylogenetic orders and PPN life habits, suggesting unexplored mechanisms of biocontrol that could contribute to sustainable crop protection strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From waste to soil: The pivotal role of organic matter in soil aggregate formation under dry and wet conditions","authors":"Zijing Lu, Hengshuang Wang, Jiazhi Liu, Zhixiang Wang, Shaoxian Song, Yinta Li, Ling Xia","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07476-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07476-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Coal tailings, given their limited ecological functionality, frequently necessitate the investigation of innovative resource utilization methods. Soil aggregates, fundamental to soil structure and function, rely heavily on the content of organic matter and moisture during their formation. However, the impact of soluble and insoluble carbon sources on the durability and stability of aggregates under varying wetting conditions remains unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study employed kaolinite, a primary component of coal tailings, as a control to examine the formation of large aggregates of tailings under varying organic matter conditions and the stability of these aggregates under wet and dry conditions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>A comparison of coal tailings with high organic matter content to kaolinite, which lacks organic matter, reveals that soluble carbon can significantly and rapidly augment the content of large soil aggregates, particularly under slow wetting treatment conditions, where its content surpasses 3 times that of other treatment groups. The diffusion of insoluble carbon can bolster the aggregation of soil aggregates under both dry and wet conditions. Small soil particles decelerate the decomposition of organic carbon, markedly impacting the stability of the aggregate structure.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The inherent organic matter in the tailings matrix, along with the physicochemical mechanisms dominated by the form of substances (soluble or insoluble), can elucidate the stability process of large aggregates. This study offers a scientific foundation for exploring the field of solid waste resource utilization and soil structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity stress reveals keystone metabolites linking rhizosphere metabolomes and microbiomes in Halophyte Suaeda salsa","authors":"Yanyan Wang, Bin Peng, Shuai Zhao, Jinchao Zhou, Hazaisi hanipa, Changyan Tian","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07457-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07457-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aim</h3><p>Halophytes are vital tools for saline-alkali land reclamation, in part due to their ability to establish stable rhizosphere microbial communities in saline environments. However, the mechanisms by which rhizodeposition mediates microbiome enrichment under salt stress remain poorly understood. Our objectives were to assess the impact of salinity on halophyte-rhizosphere microbe interactions and identify potential \"keystone metabolites\"—compounds with functional links to specific microbial lineages that significantly influence the structure of rhizosphere microbiomes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p><i>Suaeda salsa</i> was grown in marginal soil under varying salinity levels of control, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.5%. We investigated the relationship between rhizosphere metabolites, microbial community composition, and salt stress using 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing combined with LC–MS/MS-based metabolomics,</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Increased salinity reduced shoot and root biomass while elevating Na accumulation in both tissues. We identified significant shifts in rhizosphere metabolite profiles and microbial communities through hierarchical clustering and co-occurrence network analysis. At lower salinity levels (0%–0.5%), organic acids and sugars were enriched, aligning with microbial taxa dominated by Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. In contrast, higher salinity levels (1.5%–2.5%) favored organic acids and lipids, which were correlated with salt-tolerant microbial taxa such as <i>Truepera</i>, <i>Halomonas</i>, and <i>Fulvivirga</i>. Notably, 5′-methylthioadenosine was prominent at moderate salinity levels (0.5%–1.0%), while oleamide emerged as a keystone metabolite at higher salinity levels (1.0%–2.5%), serving as a network hub that connected microbial taxa and drove community assembly.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrates that halophyte metabolites undergo significant alterations under salinity stress, with these changes showing a strong correlation to the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peony multi-mode vibration seedling separation mechanism and experimental study","authors":"ZhengDuo Liu, Yourui Huang, Binjun Zhou, Dong Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07424-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07424-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Manual separation of bare seedlings for peony planting is a challenging issue in the industry due to high labor consumption and low productivity. The study focuses on the interaction relationships between seedling-seedling and mechanism-seedling as well as the separation mechanism within a vibration field, aiming to provide new ideas for automated peony transplanting.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Firstly, based on the vibration characteristics of materials, a flexible vibration platform is designed, and a virtual prototype model of the mechanism is established. The optimization of flexible mechanism parameters for achieving multi-mode vibration is then conducted. Subsequently, through studying the morphological characteristics of bare peony seedlings, the stages of seedling separation are defined, and a multi-mode vibration seedling separation method is determined using analytical analysis. This separation involves seedling cluster throwing motion for dispersion and sliding motion for separation.Simulation analysis reveals the inherent relationship between device structural parameters, operation parameters, and the degree of seedling separation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Field test results show that, with a throwing frequency of 14.4 Hz, a sliding frequency of 7.7 Hz, the highest success rate of peony seedling separation is 87.6%, which can adequately meet agricultural production needs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This research provides a theoretical basis and methodological support for developing automatic seedling separation equipment for peonies or other elongated bare seedlings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on soil salinity inversion of different crop types based on multi-time series","authors":"Xi Chen, Shuqing Yang, Xiaoyu Wen, Yuxuan Wang, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07455-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07455-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>Soil salinization is a major cause of land degradation and ecological damage. Traditional soil salinity monitoring techniques are limited in coverage and scalability, while remote sensing offers broader applicability and efficiency. This study addresses spatiotemporal variations in soil salt content (SSC) inversion across crop types in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China, using an innovative integration of multi-temporal data and crop cover types, improving remote sensing monitoring accuracy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Field sampling data and Sentinel-2 images from June to September in 2021 and 2022 were utilized. The deep learning U-net model classified key crops, including sunflower (33%), beet (12%), and maize (55%), and analyzed the effects of crop coverage on SSC across multiple time series. Six spectral variables were selected using the SVR-RFE model (R² = 0.994, MAE = 0.016). SSC prediction models were developed using three machine learning methods (DBO-RF, PSO-SVM, BO-BP) and a deep learning method (Transformer).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Considering crop coverage variations improved the sensitivity of spectral variables to SSC response, enhancing predictive accuracy and model stability. Crop classification showed that the salinity index (SIs) correlated more strongly with SSC than the vegetation index (VIs), with SI6 having the highest correlation coefficient of 0.50. The Transformer model, using multi-time series data, outperformed other algorithms, achieving an average R2 of 0.71. The SSC inversion map from the Transformer model closely matched field survey trends.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This research provides a novel approach to soil salinity prediction using satellite remote sensing, offering a scalable solution for monitoring salinization and valuable insights for environmental management and agricultural planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}