Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Cover crop functional trait plasticity in response to soil conditions and interspecific interactions","authors":"Etienne Sutton, Sieglinde Snapp, Vicki Morrone, Jennifer Blesh","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07471-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07471-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Cover crops support ecosystem services in agroecosystems, but their performance can be highly variable. Functional trait ecology provides a useful framework for understanding variation in cover crop performance across different growing conditions. However, trait variation within species remains understudied compared to variation between species.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In a two-year experiment, we measured nine functional traits for three cover crop species across 13 fields on working farms that spanned a gradient of soil health. Each field contained three cover crop treatments: a functionally diverse mixture of cereal rye (<i>Secale cereale</i>), crimson clover (<i>Trifolium incarnatum</i>), and dwarf-essex rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>), and rye and clover monocrops. We evaluated i) the magnitude and relative importance of intraspecific and interspecific trait variation; ii) which soil health indicators best explained trait variation; and iii) whether interspecific interactions in mixture induced trait plasticity.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Despite strong trait contrasts between species, intraspecific trait variation comprised 50% of total trait variation, on average. Trait variation was best explained by particulate organic matter nitrogen (POM N), soil phosphorus, pH, and permanganate oxidizable carbon for clover; by POM N and soil phosphorus for rye; and by POM N for dwarf essex. Rye and clover also showed significant trait plasticity in mixture relative to monocrop treatments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our study demonstrates that intraspecific and interspecific trait variation are equally important, and that examining trait variation within species can improve the ability to predict cover crop outcomes. This information can inform cropping system design in distinct contexts to promote success of component species and complementary ecosystem functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen addition shifts fine root nutrient-acquisition strategies differently in ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal plantations: A case study of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata","authors":"Jing Wu, Xiaoxiang Zhao, Taidong Zhang, Shuai Ouyang, Liang Chen, Yelin Zeng, Huili Wu, Wenhua Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07473-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07473-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Tree species associated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) exhibit distinct strategies for nutrient acquisition. However, the effects of varying nitrogen (N) additions on the nutrient-acquisition strategies of fine roots in ECM and AM species have not been fully elucidated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We investigated fine root traits, mycorrhizal colonization rates, and rhizosphere enzyme activity in <i>Pinus massoniana</i> (ECM) and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (AM) plantations at 16-year-old under five levels of N addition (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The fine root biomass of <i>Pinus massoniana</i> (ECM) initially increased and then declined with increasing N additions, whereas that of <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (AM) exhibited a continuous increase. The specific root length (SRL) and root area (SRA) of <i>P. massoniana</i> did not significantly change with increasing levels of N, while those in <i>C. lanceolata</i> increased initially and then decreased. For both species, the mycorrhizal colonization rate decreased as the level of N addition increased. Furthermore, rhizosphere extracellular enzyme activity in <i>P. massoniana</i> increased at high N levels, while that in <i>C. lanceolata</i> increased at low N levels.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>With increasing N addition, the fine roots of <i>C. lanceolata</i> shifted from prioritizing nutrient exploration efficiency (via SRL) to nutrient exploration quantity (via biomass), while the fine roots of <i>P. massoniana</i> initially relied on fine root biomass and mycorrhizal associations, eventually transitioning to exploration efficiency and a decoupling from mycorrhiza. Our findings enhance understanding of plant-soil interactions and provide insightful information for forest management under N deposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additions of nitrogen and phosphorus do not reduce storage but stability of soil carbon in a northern peatland","authors":"Si-Nan Wang, Xu Chen, Jun-Xiao Ma, Xuan Liu, Azim Mallik, Meng Wang, Shasha Liu, Mingming Zhang, Zhao-Jun Bu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07467-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07467-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Human-induced increases in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition are considered significant threats to soil carbon (C) sequestration in northern peatlands. However, this hypothesis lacks validation with long-term simulation experiments and dating technology, which are crucial for accurately assessing C storage.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) ¹⁴C dating technology, we examined the effect of 13 years N and P additions on soil C storage in a <i>Sphagnum</i> dominated peatland.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>AMS ¹⁴C dating showed that apparent soil accumulation rate decreased from 0.94 in control to 0.74 cm yr⁻¹ on average in nutrient addition plots. However, the soil C storage in the past 50 years was not reduced by N or low level of P additions due to accelerated peat decomposition being offset by more belowground biomass inputs. We found that high level of P additions increased C storage significantly (up to 30%). The additions of N, P or their co-addition increased the ratio of soil labile organic C to total organic C, suggesting a potential decrease in stability due to a shift towards less stable C. Comparatively, microbial and enzyme activities were more sensitive to P addition.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The chronic exogenous nutrient enrichment may facilitate C sequestration to some extent, but it could threaten C sink by diminishing the stability of soil C fractions in peatlands in the long run. The contrasting responses of the quality and quantity of C pool to long-term nutrient enrichment may explain the underlying mechanisms of C dynamics in peatlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"204 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon-enriched rice straw biochar and silicon fertilizer mitigate rice straighthead disease by reducing dimethylarsinic acid accumulation","authors":"Yang Yang, Zhong Tang, AXiang Gao, Chuan Chen, Peng Wang, Fang-Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07478-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07478-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Rice is prone to accumulating both inorganic arsenic (iAs) and organic arsenic species, such as dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). DMA is the primary causative agent of rice straighthead disease, a physiological disorder that leads to substantial yield losses. In this study, we investigated whether rice straw-derived biochar with different silicon (Si) contents and Si fertilizer can alleviate rice straighthead disease and decrease DMA accumulation in rice grains.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Low- and high-Si biochars were produced from straw of a low-silica rice mutant <i>lsi2</i> and its wild type (WT), respectively, by carbonization at a temperature of 450 °C. Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of rice straw-derived biochar and a powdered Si fertilizer on As speciation in soil porewater at different rice growth stages and DMA accumulation in rice grains.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The Si content of the high- and low-Si biochars differed substantially (127.4 g kg⁻¹ for WT and 47.8 g kg⁻¹ for <i>lsi2</i> biochar), with approximately 18% Si bioavailability following biochar application. Both biochar and Si fertilizer application alleviated straighthead disease and decreased DMA levels in grain by 24–58.2%, with the high-Si biochar outperforming other treatments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The beneficial effects of the biochar on mitigating straighthead disease were primarily attributed to their Si content and the capacity to maintain prolonged Si availability in soil porewater. Additionally, supplementation with Si during the booting stage of rice proved particularly effective in maintaining Si availability, reducing DMA uptake, and alleviating straighthead disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land cover types and depth regulate carbon and nitrogen cycle functional genes in permafrost regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Xiaoying Fan, Xiaodong Wu, Dejincuo Ma, Tonghua Wu, Guimin Liu, Haiyan Xu, Defu Zou, Guojie Hu, Yadong Liu, Xianhua Wei, Xuchun Yan, Yongxiang Liu, Sizhong Yang, Evgeny Abakumov","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07472-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07472-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>Microorganisms are essential for carbon and nitrogen cycling in the active layer of permafrost regions, but the distribution and controlling factors of microbial functional genes across different land cover types and soil depths remain poorly understood. This gap hinders accurate predictions of carbon and nitrogen cycling dynamics under climate change. This study aims to explore how land cover type and soil depth influence microbial functional gene distribution in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's permafrost regions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Soil samples (0–50 cm) were collected from alpine wet meadows, alpine meadows, and alpine steppes. We analyzed the samples for physicochemical properties, microbial amplicon sequencing, and metagenomic sequencing. Correlation analyses were conducted between microbial community structure, functional genes, and environmental factors to identify the drivers of microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Bacterial richness was 6.03% lower in steppe soils compared to wet meadow soils. Steppe soils exhibited the highest aerobic respiration potential, while deeper wet meadow soils had enhanced anaerobic carbon fixation potential and a higher abundance of carbon decomposition-related genes. Nitrogen assimilation was highest in steppe surface soils, whereas denitrification and ammonification were greatest in wet meadow soils. Carbon cycling potential was influenced by total soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and belowground biomass, while nitrogen cycling was driven by belowground biomass, soil moisture, and pH.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings underscore the role of environmental factors in microbial functional gene distribution, providing new insights for modeling carbon and nitrogen cycling in alpine permafrost ecosystems under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichoderma asperellum and mineral fertilization improve chlorophyll content and growth of Prunus persica L. Batsch rootstocks","authors":"João Antônio Paraginski, Mariana Poll Moraes, Filipe Selau Carlos, Newton Alex Mayer, Valmor João Bianchi","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07453-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07453-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p><i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> is notable for promoting growth and enhancing the health of rootstocks, presenting a promising strategy for optimizing seedling development and orchard productivity. Identifying such strategies is essential for producing high-quality seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of <i>T. asperellum</i> application, in combination with different types and doses of fertilizer, on the chlorophyll content and growth of the <i>Prunus persica</i> rootstock selection “NR0170302”.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A completely randomized bifactorial design was used with fertilizer sources [Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) and Nutrient Solution (NS)] either with or without <i>T. asperellum</i> (CRF, CRF + <i>T. asperellum</i>, NS and NS + <i>T. asperellum</i>) and at varying fertilizer doses (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g dm⁻³). Growth parameters assessed included plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll <i>a</i>, <i>b</i> and <i>a</i> + <i>b</i> content.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Significant increases in leaf number and leaf area were observed at doses of 4 to 8 g dm⁻³, with the combination of <i>T. asperellum</i> and NS proving most effective. Chlorophyll <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, and <i>a</i> + <i>b</i> contents were enhanced by fertilizer doses, particularly with NS and CRF combined with <i>T. asperellum</i> at doses 2 to 8 g dm⁻³.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p><i>T. asperellum</i> inoculation allowed a reduction in the CRF dose from 6.67 to 5.33 g dm⁻³ without compromising growth in peach rootstocks until grafting. Nutrient supply through NS (5 to 6 g dm⁻³), with or without <i>T. asperellum</i>, proved more effective than CRF in enhancing the production of rootstocks, contributing to improved morphological quality and standardization in pre-grafting.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil drying shapes rhizosheath properties and their link with maize yields across different soils","authors":"Franziska A. Steiner, Shu-Yin Tung, Andreas J. Wild, Tina Köhler, Nicolas Tyborski, Andrea Carminati, Johanna Pausch, Tillmann Lüders, Sebastian Wolfrum, Carsten W. Mueller, Alix Vidal","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07456-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07456-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>Biophysicochemical soil properties in the rhizosheath are pivotal for crop yields and drive organic carbon cycling in agricultural soils. Yet, it remains uncertain how moderate soil drought may alter and interfere with rhizosheath properties in diverse soil types, and whether specific rhizosheath traits benefit crop yields under different water availability in heterogeneous field environments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) was grown under ambient precipitation and moderate drought (60% precipitation exclusion) at two field sites differing in physicochemical soil properties, such as texture and amounts of soil organic matter (SOM). Rhizosheath properties, namely soil aggregation as well as content and distribution of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), were analyzed and, in conjunction with root traits, related to maize yields.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Under moderate soil drought, net rhizosheath-C concentrated spatially within the smaller rhizosheath in the form of more carbon-rich rhizodeposits. These effects were mediated by native soil properties, with rhizosheath structural stability decreasing stronger under drought in the finer-textured soil, allocating greater proportions of C and N to microaggregates. Rhizosheath and root properties were associated with maize yields. Yet, the influence and importance of belowground traits for crop yields varied with environmental conditions (soil x precipitation).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The responsiveness of rhizosheath properties to moderate soil drought may influence the fate and turnover of root-derived C, and thus the overall drought resilience of SOM in agricultural soils. Moreover, our findings underscore the importance of rhizosheath properties for crop yields, yet highlighting that these relationships differ among environmental scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of Bacillus thuringiensis GZNUTJ21 in enhancing Cu tolerance in Themeda japonica at subcellular and rhizosphere microbiology levels","authors":"Lanlan Chen, Ming Tang, Jie Jin, Chao Wang, Xianlei Chen, Na Li, Jing Zhang, Li Wang, Jie Liu, Yin Yi, Jianfeng Wang, Jiyi Gong","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07464-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07464-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aim</h3><p>Copper (Cu) contamination greatly impacts soil health and ecological environment. However, the intracellular (subcellar level) and extracellular (rhizosphere microbiology level) mechanism by which Cu-resistant PGPR enhance Cu tolerance in <i>Themeda japonica</i> is still unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this study, we isolated the Cu-resistant PGPR <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> GZNUTJ21 from rhizosphere of <i>T</i>. <i>japonica</i> and explored the mechanism of GZNUTJ21 to enhance Cu tolerance of <i>T</i>. <i>japonica</i> at subcellular and rhizosphere microbiology levels.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>GZNUTJ21 significantly increased the fresh weight of leaves and roots by 33.92% and 45.60% under Cu stress, respectively. It enhanced <i>T. japonica</i> tolerance by decreasing total Cu concentration in the roots and leaves, increasing the percentage of Cu in cell wall of these tissues, and elevating the percentage of inactive Cu forms (NaCl-extractable, CH₃COOH-extractable, HCl-extractable) in roots. GZNUTJ21 helped <i>T. japonica</i> resistance to Cu stress by decreasing the total and available Cu concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Under Cu stress, it also improved rhizosphere soil nutrients and enriched the Cu-resistant fungal groups associated with saprotroph and symbiotroph functions, enhanced fungal taxa interactions, and increased the relative abundance of Cu-tolerant beneficial bacterial communities (Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Methylomirabilota, Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, Basidiomycota and Glomeromycota). Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) demonstrated that GZNUTJ21 positively impacted rhizosphere soil Cu chemical speciation, enzyme activities and bacterial community under Cu stress.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>GZNUTJ21 enhanced <i>T. japonica</i> Cu tolerance by regulating distribution and chemical forms of Cu in <i>T. japonica</i>, increasing the relative abundance of Cu-tolerant beneficial microbial communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential genetic characteristics of Bacillus velezensis LZUR632 enhance the resistance of Achnatherum inebrians to Cd stress by altering rhizosphere microbial community composition and functional genes","authors":"Jie Jin, Chao Wang, Ronggui Liu, Rong Zheng, Maohua Deng, Jianfeng Wang, Chunjie Li","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07465-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07465-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aim</h3><p>Heavy metal-resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can facilitate bioremediation, phytostimulation, and stress reduction in metal-contaminated soil, providing an environmentally friendly method for sustainable agriculture. In this study, we explored the mechanisms underlying the plant growth promotion effects of LZUR632, a strain that enhances the phytoremediation of Cd in drunken horse grass.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We first isolated a rhizosphere bacterium from the rhizosphere soil of E + <i>A. inebrians</i>, named LZUR632. Then, we co-cultured the LZUR632 and <i>Arabidopsis</i> and <i>A. inebrians</i> seedlings under the different concentrations of CdCl₂. The whole genome, metabolome, macrogenomic sequences, soil biochemical properties and plant growth response were analyzed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results indicated inoculation of LZUR632 significantly promoted plant growth and improved Cd stress resistance. And LZUR632 encoded numerous genes required for Cd tolerance and secreted many compounds that contributed to plant growth. Additionally, inoculation of LZUR632 induced taxonomic and functional shifts in the rhizosphere microbial community, increasing plant growth-promoting microbes and nitrogen-fixing microbes that enhanced nutrient assimilation and plant growth. Upregulation of genes encoding lipid metabolism might also aid in stabilizing Cd ions in the rhizosphere soil.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings demonstrated the potential of LZUR632-mediated phytoremediation and provided insights into the microbe-induced mechanisms of plant growth promotion in Cd-contaminated soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant functional type control on soil microbial activity and carbon source utilization in permafrost peatland","authors":"Jing Xue, Yifei Zhang, Shujie Wang, Yu Du, Dongxu Wang, Hao Zhang, Yanyu Song, Xianwei Wang, Xiaoxin Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07425-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07425-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Climate warming can lead to changes in plant functional types (PFTs) in permafrost peatlands, which can subsequently affect soil properties and microbial functional structures. Although the effects of PFTs changes on soil microorganisms in various ecosystems have been documented, these effects are not well understood in permafrost peatlands.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study investigated the impact of removing different PFTs (sedges, evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, and mosses) on soil properties and microbial functional structures (microbial activity, microbial diversity, and carbon source utilization) in a permafrost peatland.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Variations in PFTs lead to changes in soil properties and microbial functional structures. Removal of shrubs and mosses increased soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content by 26% and inorganic nitrogen content by 28%, the soil microbial activity and diversity were significantly enhanced, and microbes preferred amino acids and carboxylic acids as carbon sources compared to the natural control (N). In contrast, the moss treatment (M) with shrubs and sedge removed had 30% lower soil DOC and 50% lower inorganic nitrogen content, as well as a significant reduction in microbial activity and diversity, with microorganisms preferring to utilize polymers as a carbon source.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>These results indicate that peatland microorganisms are sensitive to changes in PFTs over short time scales, with a particularly rapid response to specific plant functional groups such as sedges. These findings highlight the critical role of PFTs as drivers of microbial functional structures and suggest that future vascular plant expansion may alter peatland microbial functional structures and carbon cycling in the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}