Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Stratified soilless substrates decrease the vertical gravitational water gradient altering Helianthus root morphology","authors":"Kristopher S. Criscione, James S. Owen, Jeb S. Fields","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07385-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07385-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Containerized soilless substrates are highly porous to ensure adequate air storage to overcome the “container” effect- the lower part of the container nears saturation which can decrease root health and growth. Substrate porosity is dynamic, evolving over time. As roots fill pores, substrate decomposition and <i>in-situ</i> particle movement change the physical structure, shifting its storage properties and performance. Research is sparse in understanding how developing roots change their morphology throughout production (temporally) and while growing throughout the three-dimensional substrate matrix (spatially). Thus, it would be beneficial to understand how root development impacts container moisture characteristics. This study aimed to quantify root morphological development and water storage (θ) spatiotemporally in conventional or engineered soilless substrate systems.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p><i>Helianthus annus</i> ‘Rio Carnival’ was grown in 30.5 cm tall PVC columns in a conventional (non-stratified; 100% of the container is filled with a single composite) bark- or peat-based substrates or engineered (stratified; fine-bark atop coarse-bark; peatlite layered over pine bark) systems. Columns were frozen after roots were partially- (22 d) or fully-grown (43 d) and were separated in five vertical sections. Root morphology and θ were measured within each layer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results showed that stratified systems overall stored less water, especially in coarser sub-stratas. Partially rooted columns generally stored more water and fully rooted columns drained more. Plants grown in stratified systems had greater fine root development than when grown conventionally.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Container-grown roots can be engineered to produce more fibrous root systems by spatially manipulating substrate θ.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The degradation of lignin and cellulose in typhoon-induced unsenescent leaf litter depends greatly on functional strategies among tree species","authors":"Rui Cao, Huaibin Wang, Lifeng Wang, Zhuang Wang, Zhihui Wang, Qin Wang, Naiyue Lv, Xu Wang, Wanqin Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07418-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07418-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Although unsenescent leaf litter induced by tropical cyclones represents an increasingly important component of forest litter, characterized by distinct initial quality and decomposition environments compared to naturally senescent litter, the degradation of lignin and cellulose in unsenecent litter and the underlying mechanism remain unknown.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>To evaluate the effect of litter sources and tree species on lignin and cellulose degradation, we conducted a one-year litter decomposition experiment using unsenescent leaf litter induced by Typhoon Hagupit from goldenrain, camphor, and willow trees, along with naturally senescent leaf litter from each species, at the Plant Ecology Research Base of Taizhou University in southeastern China.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Lignin in unsenescent camphor and willow litter degraded by 43.2% and 48.6%, respectively, which were significantly higher than in senescent litter. Cellulose in unsenescent willow litter degraded by 85.38%, also significantly higher than in senescent litter. However, cellulose in unsenescent goldenrain and camphor litter degraded by 71.4% and 73.3%, respectively, which were significantly lower than in senescent litter. Initial litter quality effectively explained the differences in lignin and cellulose degradation rates between senescent and unsenescent litter. Furthermore, lignin degradation rates in both senescent and unsenescent litter were significantly and positively correlated with carbon (C) release, while cellulose degradation rates had a positive correlation with C release only in senescent camphor litter.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The degradation of lignin and cellulose in typhoon-induced unsenescent litter varies greatly among tree species due to their distinct functional strategies, highlighting its disproportionate contribution to C cycle in coastal forest ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient cadmium uptake and accumulation in pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) associated with its potential for phytoremediation of cadmium-polluted soils","authors":"Yifan Xia, Fan Yang, Lin Hu, Haibao Ji, Ji Feng Shao","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07401-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07401-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Phytoremediation is a sustainable strategy for remediating cadmium (Cd)- contaminated soils; however, the limited availability of ideal Cd hyperaccumulator plants remains a significant challenge. Initially recognized as a manganese (Mn) hyperaccumulator, pokeweed (<i>Phytolacca americana</i> L.) has also demonstrated the ability to accumulate Cd. This study aims to characterize Cd accumulation in pokeweed from a physiological perspective and evaluate its potential for Cd remediation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We assessed the Cd accumulation characteristics of pokeweed through comprehensive physiological experiments and investigated Cd cellular distribution in roots and leafstalks using a Cd molecular probe. Additionally, we compared its remediation potential with that of rice varieties, including the wild-type T-65 and the Cd hyperaccumulating mutant TCM-213.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Pokeweed demonstrated remarkable Cd accumulation in its shoots, reaching concentrations as high as 1,239 mg·kg⁻¹. This plant exhibits both high Cd uptake efficiency and effective xylem loading capacity. Cd accumulates predominantly in the leaves, with its distribution largely driven by transpiration. At the cellular level, Cd primarily localizes in the endodermis and xylem vascular bundle cells of roots, as well as in the epidermis and xylem vascular bundle cells of older leafstalks. Furthermore, pokeweed has a purification rate of 35%, which is significantly higher than that of TCM-213.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings establish pokeweed as a promising Cd hyperaccumulator, highlighting its potential application in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival and growth of tree species after kaolin mining in eastern Amazonia, Brazil: accelerating restoration through physical alteration of Technosol","authors":"Victor Pereira de Oliveira, Walmer Bruno Rocha Martins, Julia Isabella de Matos Rodrigues, Guilherme Silva Modolo, João Fernandes de Lima Neto, Gustavo Schwartz, Marciel José Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07405-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07405-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Mining causes severe damage to forest ecosystems, and the restoration of these environments in Amazonia remains a challenge. The first step is restoring the quality of the Technosol for plant establishment. This study evaluated the effects of pit size on the chemical properties of Technosol and the performance of selected tree species.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Three different pit sizes were tested: Small Pit or Control (CTR), Medium Pit (MP), and Large Pit (LP) in an area degraded by kaolin mining. Four tree species were used for each pit size. After 24 months of planting, the chemical properties of Technosol, survival, periodic annual increment (PAI) for total height (PAI_Ht) and diameter at soil height (PAI_DSH), canopy area (CA), and aboveground biomass (AGB) were evaluated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The study found no significant differences in the chemical properties of Technosol across pit sizes (CTR, MP and LP). Survival rates were consistently high for all treatments. MP and LP provided the best increases in PAI_Ht of <i>Tapirira guianensis</i>. Average CA values ranged from 0.41 ± 0.19 to 1.82 ± 0.31 m² between species, and LP provided the highest average CA for <i>Terminalia argentea</i>. Furthermore, pit size influenced AGB in <i>Moquilea tomentosa</i>, <i>Terminalia argentea</i>, and <i>Tapirira guianensis</i>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The restoration technique significantly impacted Technosol properties and species performance, highlighting its role in ecological recovery. These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing forest restoration techniques in tropical regions impacted by mining.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rain-fed spring maize exhibits growth stability through rhizosphere microbial responses to stover return and organic fertilizer application","authors":"Qiang Liu, Xueqin Kong, Wenqi Wu, Yang Jiao, Shanchao Yue, Yufang Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07422-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07422-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>The integration of maize stover waste recycling and organic substitution has been extensively implemented to enhance spring maize yield and ameliorate soil quality in rain-fed agricultural areas. Nonetheless, the intricate mechanisms of plant-rhizosphere microorganism interaction remain poorly understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study employed a comprehensive two-year field experiment to elucidate the dynamics of rhizosphere microbiome-plant interactions under stover and organic substitution strategies on the Loess Plateau, facilitated by high-throughput sequencing and carbon and nitrogen composition analyses.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The findings revealed a significant enrichment in the content of rhizosphere carbon and nitrogen components, with the plant height, yield, and harvest index of spring maize increasing by 2.56%, 5.19%, and 2.67%, respectively, compared to the chemical fertilizer. The dataset, encompassing the rhizosphere microbiome and soil moisture and carbon components, exhibited a strengthened correlation following stover recycling. Concurrently, the rhizosphere bacterial community matrix of spring maize correlated with dissolved organic nitrogen and soil organic carbon in the nutrient matrix by altering carbon and nitrogen cycle pathways upon stover incorporation. Phylogenetic null model calculations demonstrated that prolonged stover recycling mitigated the processes of dispersal limitation and homogeneous selection in rhizosphere fungal communities, with their formation and maintenance predominantly reliant on stochastic events rather than species’ adaptive traits. The rhizosphere microbial co-occurrence network analysis indicated that stover recycling exerted a more pronounced effect on enhancing positive connections within the fungal network compared to the bacterial network.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Collectively, our findings offer profound insights into the rhizosphere soil microbial interactions with spring maize in rain-fed agricultural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant clippings improved soil microbial community structure and potential functionality in farmland as organic amendments: fresh vs dry","authors":"Zhen Cheng, Yarong Sun, Ting Zhou, Jiangbo Qiao, Yingge Xie, Jinlong He, Dong Wang, José A. Siles, Gao-Lin Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07376-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07376-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Agricultural residues can be used as organic amendments to improve soil properties, but also as a strategy for recycling massive amounts of wastes. The way organic amendments are introduced into the soil ecosystem can impact their potential benefit.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Here, we examined how the incorporation of fresh maize clippings vs. dry ones impacts soil physicochemical properties and bacterial and fungal communities in a two-year field experiment under semi-arid climatic conditions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Both amendments improved soil porosity and moisture respect to the unamended treatment, with fresh clippings increased to a higher extent soil moisture content. Moreover, soil amended with fresh clippings increased bacterial diversity, but did not change microbial biomass. Bacterial community composition under amended treatments showed a shift from oligotrophic to copiotrophic. Furthermore, bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks were more complex under soil amended with fresh plant clippings and dried plant clippings, respectively. Fresh plant clippings pruning enhanced phototrophic, photoheterotrophic and methylation functions, but inhibited denitrification function.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our results highlight that amended treatments increased soil organic carbon via improving soil microhabitat and regulating bacterial community structure rather than fungal community, emphasizing that soil variables and bacterial communities were more responsive to fresh plant clippings. Consequently, we suggest that future research consider fresh plant clippings as a raw material for cropland soil amendment, which is important for enhancing soil quality and regulating soil carbon and nitrogen cycling functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial nutrient limitations and chemical composition of soil organic carbon regulate the organic carbon mineralization and temperature sensitivity in forest and grassland soils","authors":"Mengyang You, Diankun Guo, Hongai Shi, Peng He, Martin Burger, Lu-Jun Li","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07408-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07408-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aim</h3><p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization which relates to SOC stability and sequestration, predicating the SOC stocks under climate change, is affected by land use and exogenous carbon addition. However, how SOC chemical composition and soil enzymes regulate SOC mineralization of grassland and forest soils receiving exogenous C addition is still not well understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Forest and grassland soils were incubated without or with two levels of ¹³C-enriched glucose, simulating labile C inputs, at 15 and 25 ℃ for 28 days. The priming effect, temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀), enzyme activities and chemical composition of SOC were determined.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Increasing labile C addition and higher temperature accelerated native SOC mineralization in forest and grassland soil. Changes of enzyme C:N and N:P ratio contributed to the differences in CO₂ production in forest and grassland soil. In grassland soil, the relationship between soil-derived CO₂ production and relative peak areas of SOC at 1420 cm⁻¹ by Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy was significant. The temperature sensitivity of the native SOC mineralization in the forest soil amended with 0.8 g glucose-C kg⁻¹ dry soil application was greater than that with 0.4 g glucose-C kg⁻¹ dry soil application, but in the grassland soil, the Q₁₀ of glucose derived CO₂ emission was lower after the higher glucose application.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Soil enzyme nutrient ratios and chemical composition of SOC together play an important role in regulating the mineralization of SOC and the Q₁₀ value of external C addition mineralization in forest and grassland soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel hyperaccumulation is independent of the leaf economics spectrum, although it may be linked to plant water balance in an ultramafic plant community from Sabah (Malaysia)","authors":"Celestino Quintela-Sabarís, Michel-Pierre Faucon, Béatrice Gervais-Bergeron, Sukaibin Sumail, Antony van der Ent, Rimi Repin, John Sugau, Reuben Nilus, Thomas Rigaudier, Guillaume Echevarria, Sophie Leguédois","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07325-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07325-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulators are a group of plants able to store elevated amounts of this element in their leaves. Some studies indicate that hyperaccumulation may be associated with traits favouring fast resource capture or with traits favouring nutrient and water conservation, but there is no evidence for the role of nickel hyperaccumulation in the leaf economics spectrum. Our study aims to assess the differences in the leaf economics spectrum between Ni hyperaccumulators and non-hyperaccumulators.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We have conducted a field study involving five hyperaccumulators and ten non-hyperaccumulators growing on the same ultramafic community in Sabah (Malaysia). We measured two structural and seven chemical leaf traits and computed a Principal Component Analysis, which was complemented by a test of the phylogenetic signal of each trait and linear mixed models to assess the influence of each leaf trait on nickel accumulation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our analyses inferred three principal components that reflected the main environmental constraints that shape the resource acquisition strategies of the studied ultramafic plant community: leaf economics spectrum, hyperaccumulation and water-use efficiency, and calcium to magnesium balance. Moreover, the linear mixed models indicated that carbon isotope discrimination and potassium concentrations had a significant effect on Ni accumulation, suggesting that nickel might replace partially potassium in its role in plant water balance.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, the data suggest that in the community studied, Ni hyperaccumulation is independent of the leaf economics spectrum and related to plant water economy. More studies with other hyperaccumulator plants are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ridge-furrow film mulching combined with biochar addition enhances maize productivity and reduces nitrogen loss, but increases soil moisture consumption in semi-arid areas","authors":"Zhaoyang Li, Liangqi Ren, Hao Pan, Yanbo Ji, Nanhai Zhang, Medelbek Meruyert, Ansabayeva Assiyae, Weijun Zhang, Enke Liu, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Ruixia Ding, Zhikuan Jia, Yuhao Wang, Zihan Liu, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07386-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07386-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Ridge-furrow film mulching (RFFM) and biochar addition are both effective soil management practices for improving crop yields in dry farming regions. However, they may have different impacts on soil moisture status and nitrogen budget.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A two-years experiment was conducted on soil water and nitrogen status, maize productivity, and nitrogen utilization through four treatments: FN, flat planting without biochar; FB, flat planting with 9.0 t ha⁻¹ biochar; RN, RFFM without biochar; RB, RFFM with 9.0 t ha⁻¹ biochar.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>In the 0–60 cm soil layer, RFFM reduced soil nitrogen storage and increased soil water storage (SWS), while biochar addition was the opposite. A significant interaction was observed between the two measures regarding the reduction of SWS in deep soil (60–200 cm), with the RB significantly increasing the soil desiccation index during the filling stage. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the decrease of SWS in deep soil did not adversely affect crop production, instead, it significantly increased maize productivity and utilization efficiency, while reducing nitrogen loss (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Among them, the RB with the lowest SWS in the deep layer demonstrated the best overall performance, which increased maize yield by 27.2% and nitrogen use efficiency by 21.0%, and reduced NH₃ cmissions by 20.6% and mineral nitrogen residue by 46.9%.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>RB is an effective field management strategy to promote soil nitrogen retention and improve nitrogen utilization of maize. However, it is important to remain vigilant about the potential impacts of decreased soil water on future agricultural productivity under this practice.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitate zinc biofortification and nutritional quality of wheat by spraying endophytic bacteria from zinc hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance","authors":"Jiayuan Liao, Zhesi Li, Xuan Chen, Zhipeng Hu, Ziyan Fan, Ancao Pan, Lukuan Huang, Qizhen Liu, Chao Yu, Ying Feng","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07406-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07406-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Microbial-mediated Zinc (Zn) biofortification, is an environmentally friendly strategy for sustainable agriculture. In this study, the effects of foliar spraying of endophytic bacteria from Zn hyperaccumulator <i>Sedum alfredii</i> Hance (<i>S. alfredii</i>) on the growth, Zn uptake and Zn nutritional quality of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) were evaluated in a field experiment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The isolated endophytic bacteria were cultivated into microbial fertilizers and applied at the jointing, heading, flowering and grain-filling stages of wheat. After harvest, the agronomic traits, Zn and other mineral element contents of wheat, as well as the contents of Zn and available Zn in the soil were determined. The physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) was used to evaluate the absorption of edible Zn in grains by the human body.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Spraying endophytic bacteria optimized the wheat agronomic traits, increased the yield of wheat, and improved available Zn concentration in rhizosphere soil. Among the 10 strains, SaPA1, SaVA1, SaPS1, SaPS3, and SaEN1 showed notable abilities to promote the uptake and accumulation of Zn in wheat, with an increase rate of grain Zn concentration by up to 42.56%. Furthermore, those strains could not only reduce the phytic acid (PA) content but also increased the bioaccessible Zn concentration in grains. In addition, the concentration of other trace elements was also improved after sprayed certain strains.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our research indicated that selected endophytic bacteria of Zn hyperaccumulator can be used as microbial fertilizers for biofortification and enhancing the nutrition of trace elements in crop.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}