Carolline Silva Barbosa Fazolato, Millena Salles Araujo, Luiz Fernando Martins, Douglas Alfradique Monteiro, Caio Tavora Coelho da Costa Rachid
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Abstract
Background
One significant challenge to food security is the expansion of salt-affected soils. Current soil recovery methods are technically or economically unfeasible in extensive arid regions. Phytoremediation, the use of plants to rehabilitate contaminated environments, is a promising, low-cost alternative. This study aimed at enhancing the growth and biomass accumulation of the halophyte Atriplex nummularia through inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria.
Methods
An integrated approach to select endophytic bacteria was used, combining culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. Over 700 bacterial strains were isolated and screened for plant growth-promoting traits such as phosphate solubilization, indolic acid production, nitrogen fixation and stress alleviation. Then, root and leaf bacterial consortia were formulated to enhance plant growth and phytoremediation efficiency. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to assess the impact of these consortia on A. nummularia seedlings in saline soil conditions for 120 days. The design included four treatments: control (no inoculation), root inoculation, leaf inoculation, and combined root and leaf inoculation.
Results
Results showed that bacterial inoculation significantly improved plant growth and biomass yield. Leaf-inoculated plants showed enhanced sodium removal from the soil, indicating improved soil conditions. Endophytic bacteriome analysis revealed that inoculation slightly altered the bacterial community composition in both roots and leaves. These changes were most pronounced in the combined inoculation treatment, suggesting a cooperative interaction between root and foliar bacteria, affecting the plant bacteriome.
Conclusion
This study highlights the potential of using plant growth-promoting bacteria to enhance the phytoremediation capabilities of A. nummularia, offering an improved strategy for the sustainable management of saline soils.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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