Optimal sowing density and fertilizer rate can increase oat yield by improving root structure, water use efficiency and fertilizer productivity in semi-arid region

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI:10.1007/s11104-025-07435-1

Ruochen Zhang, Yue Wang, Malik Kamran, Jianjun Wang, Tao Li, Guiqin Zhao, Chunjie Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aims

To maximize the productivity of oats, and evaluate the effects of sowing density and fertilizer rate on the yield, root growth, leaf area index (LAI), water and fertilizer use efficiency of rainfed oats.

Methods

In 2022 and 2023, a two-factor randomized block design field trial was conducted under no irrigation in Northwest China during the oat planting season. Three sowing densities (low density (L): 75 kg/ha; moderate density (M): 150 kg/ha; high density (H): 225 kg/ha) were coupled with six fertilizer rates (N0P0: no fertilization; N2P0: 100 N kg/ha; N0P2: 90 P kg/ha; N1P2: 50 N kg/ha, 90 P kg/ha; N2P1: 100 N kg/ha, 45 P kg/ha; N2P2: 100 N kg/ha, 90 P kg/ha).

Results

The aboveground dry matter yield, grain yield, root length density, root surface area density, root biomass, leaf area index (LAI), water use efficiency (WUE) and partial N fertilizer productivity (NFP) increased by 9.9—204.1%, 4.2—90.5%, 9—48.8%, 15.8—45%, 18.6—24.5%, 14.9—78.9%, 17.8—43.8% and 15.8—248.3% respectively, under M-N1P2 compare with other treatments. The results revealed significant positive correlations (P < 0.05) of DM and grain yield with root system, LAI, WUE and NFP. M-N1P2 increased the WUE and NFP by improving root structure and LAI, resulting in the highest DM yield and grain yield.

Conclusion

The sowing density of 150 kg ha⁻¹ coupled with 50 kg ha⁻¹ N and 90 kg ha⁻¹ P is recommended in the semi-arid regions to promote oats production.

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在半干旱区，适宜的播种量和施肥量可以通过改善根系结构、水分利用效率和肥料生产力来提高燕麦产量

目的为实现燕麦产量最大化，评价播密和施肥量对雨养燕麦产量、根系生长、叶面积指数（LAI）、水肥利用效率的影响。方法采用双因素随机区组设计，于2022年和2023年在西北地区进行燕麦种植季无灌溉条件下的田间试验。三种播种密度(低密度(L): 75 kg/ha；中等密度(M): 150 kg/ha；高密度(H): 225 kg/ha)配以6种施肥量(N0P0：不施肥；N2P0: 100 N kg/ha；N0P2: 90公斤/公顷；N1P2: 50 N kg/ha, 90 P kg/ha；N2P1: 100 N kg/ha, 45 P kg/ha；N2P2: 100 N kg/ha, 90 P kg/ha)。结果与其他处理相比，M-N1P2处理的地上部干物质产量、籽粒产量、根长密度、根表面积密度、根系生物量、叶面积指数（LAI）、水分利用效率（WUE）和部分氮肥生产力（NFP）分别提高了9.9 ~ 204.1%、4.2 ~ 90.5%、9 ~ 48.8%、15.8 ~ 45%、18.6 ~ 24.5%、14.9 ~ 78.9%、17.8 ~ 43.8%和15.8 ~ 248.3%。结果显示显著的正相关(P <；根系、叶面积指数（LAI）、水分利用效率（WUE）和NFP对DM和产量的影响为0.05)。M-N1P2通过改善根系结构和叶面积指数提高WUE和NFP， DM产量和籽粒产量最高。结论在半干旱区，建议采用150 kg ha - 1的播种密度配施50 kg ha - 1氮肥和90 kg ha - 1磷肥促进燕麦生产。

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来源期刊

Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

8.20%

发文量

543

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.