Planta最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of seven Wikstroemia taxa (Thymelaeaceae) provides insights into the genome structure and phylogenetic relationships.","authors":"Chaoqiang Zhang, Jinglong Li, Fang Yan, Zhaofeng Wang, Xiucun Zeng, Jiayin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04611-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04611-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>New insights into the phylogeny of species in the family Thymelaeaceae and support of the recognition of D. genkwa and D. aurantiaca as species in the genus Wikstroemia are provided. Wikstroemia (Thymelaeaceae) is an economically important genus because some of its species are used in traditional medicine and also contribute to pulp production. The morphological characteristics of Wikstroemia species exhibit continuous natural variation, posing a challenge in accurately distinguishing this genus from its sister genera solely based on morphological traits. Consequently, the classification of, and phylogenetic relationships between, Wikstroemia and its sister genera, as inferred from morphological characteristics, remain contentious. Chloroplast genome information has proven to be a valuable tool in plant phylogeny. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes of 15 species in the genus Wikstroemia, all of which exhibited typical quadripartite structures, with sizes ranging from 150,054 bp to 175,898bp. These genomes encoded 122-143 genes, including 79-95 protein-coding genes, 36-40 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The overall GC content displayed minimal variation, ranging from 36.6% to 37.47%. The distributions of SSRs and codon bias exhibited similarities among Wikstroemia species. High variability hotspots were found in 15 intergenic spacers and 5 genes. Phylogenetic analyses consistently grouped all Wikstroemia species into a single clade. Notably, Daphne genkwa and D. aurantiaca were found to be nested within Wikstroemia, rather than being closely related to other Daphne species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses suggested that Wikstroemia is paraphyletic relative to Stellera chamaejasme. These findings provide new insights into the phylogeny of Wikstroemia and Daphne within the Thymelaeaceae, contributing to improved species identification and increasing the taxonomic and phylogenetic resolution of Wikstroemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential oil and phenolic compounds in different organs and developmental stages of Monarda didyma L., and their biological activity.","authors":"Łukasz Gontar, Anna Geszprych, Andżelika Drutowska, Ewa Osińska","doi":"10.1007/s00425-024-04591-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-024-04591-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Plant development has a greater impact on the chemical composition of inflorescences than of the leaves and stems of Monarda didyma plants. Monarda didyma L. is a well-known ornamental and aromatic plant. However, no studies are yet available concerning the diversity in the chemical composition of M. didyma organs during plant development that affect the final quality of the raw material. This study aimed to determine the content of phenolic compounds, essential oil (EO), and their composition in various organs affected by plant development. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of leaf and inflorescence EOs and the antioxidant activity of leaves, stems, and inflorescences were determined. EO content in the leaves and inflorescences collected during flowering was 2.39% and 3.64%, respectively. The main ingredients of the investigated EOs were p-cymene (17.11-35.56%) and carvacrol (5.39-28.19%). The EOs from the leaves and inflorescences collected during flowering inhibited the growth of six investigated microbial strains at the concentration range 0.313-1.250 µL × mL^-1. Total phenolic and flavonoid content in leaves was higher than in inflorescences and stems. The leaves were found to be rich in didymin (average content 1283.63 mg × 100 g^-1), while the inflorescences collected during flowering contained a significant amount of linarin (1247.47 mg × 100 g^-1). The variability in the content and composition of EO and phenolic compounds depending on the stage of plant development was mainly observed in inflorescences. These findings contribute to better understanding of distribution and accumulation of biologically active compounds in M. didyma aerial organs, the potential of these organs as raw materials for medicinal, cosmetic and food applications, and the importance of the time of their harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Millets for food security and agricultural sustainability.","authors":"Stanislaus Antony Ceasar, Alison Baker","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04613-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04613-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The edaphic factor and orchids: Gymnadenia conopsea from contrasting geologies in the Central Balkans.","authors":"Ksenija Jakovljević, Dragana Ranđelović, Jelena Mutić, Tomica Mišljenović, Milorad Vujičić, Antony van der Ent, Vladan Djordjević","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04612-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04612-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Two different strategies for the distribution of macro- and trace elements can be observed in the terrestrial orchid Gymnadenia conopsea. Most trace elements are not translocated to the above-ground parts, whereas for macro-elements the trend was reversed, with the highest accumulation in the distal parts of the plants. Edaphic stress is one of the main factors affecting plant fitness, but it is still poorly understood, even in rare plants such as orchids. Gymnadenia conopsea is a terrestrial orchid that grows on different geological substrates, making it a model species for the study of adaptive responses to edaphic factors, including metals in soil. The samples of plant tissues of G. conopsea growing on carbonate, ultramafic and siliceous substrates in Serbia and the associated rhizosphere soil were collected and analysed for elemental concentrations. Two different strategies for the distribution of macro- and trace elements were found, corresponding to the trend generally observed in orchids. Trace elements (As, B, Cr, Co, Fe, Mn, and Ni) remain mainly in the underground organs and only a small proportion is transferred to the shoots. It was the opposite for the macroelements (Ca, Mg, K and P) with the highest accumulation occurred in the leaves and inflorescences. The tolerance of G. conopsea to the different geological substrates results from the moderate metal concentrations in the soils analysed and the exclusion strategy of the species, which is the most common response to metal induced stress in orchids.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the differences in traits and genes between brown cotton and white cotton hybrid offspring (Gossypium hirsutum L.).","authors":"Long Chen, Yujiang Zhang, Qinghua Li, Xu Sun, Junshan Gao, Dahui Li, Ning Guo","doi":"10.1007/s00425-024-04601-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-024-04601-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brown cotton and white cotton are two important raw materials used in the cotton fiber industry. Clarifying the differences in morphology, agronomic traits, and fiber pigments between these varieties can facilitate the implementation of corresponding cultivation and breeding techniques. Therefore, we obtained F₂ generation brown cotton plants through hybridization and compared them with their parents. In terms of agronomic traits, plant morphology and leaf shape were similar, but brown cotton presented more villi on the main stem. The first fruiting branch node was within the range of 4-6 cm, and the first fruiting branch node height was greater than that of TM-1, i.e., between 13.25 cm and 22.79 cm, with no difference compared with that of P26. The plant height was greater than that of the parents, and the number of bolls was essentially the same as that in TM-1 and greater than that in P26. The lint percentage and average fiber length were lower in TM-1 than in P26, and the seed index was greater than that in TM-1 and P26. Pigment measurements revealed that the chlorophyll a content in brown cotton during the boll stage was lower than that in white cotton, and the content of proanthocyanidin in the cotton fibers was greater in brown cotton than in white cotton. At 15 days after pollination, the highest content was 159.8 mg/g. To determine the differences in gene expression levels, we conducted transcriptome sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in pathways related to the cell wall and enzyme activity, whereas Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in flavonoid synthesis pathways. Transcription factor analysis revealed that the expression of the MYB3 transcription factor (Ghir_D07G002110) was higher in brown cotton, and bioinformatics analysis revealed that this gene has regulatory effects on the CHS, CHI1, and F3H genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De novo root regeneration from leaf explant: a mechanistic review of key factors behind cell fate transition.","authors":"Sumeera Asghar, Faisal Hayat, Zimo Zhao, Zhu Zheng, Nida Ghori, Zhang Lu, Yan Li, Chunli Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04616-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04616-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>De novo root regeneration (DNRR) involves activation of special cells after wounding, along with the converter cells, reactive oxygen species, ethylene, and jasmonic acid, also playing key roles. An updated DNRR model is presented here with gene regulatory networks. Root formation after tissue injury is a type of plant regeneration known as de novo root regeneration (DNRR). DNRR system has wide applications in agriculture and tissue culture biotechnology. This review summarizes the recent advancements in the DNRR model for the cellular and molecular framework, targeting leaf explant of Arabidopsis and highlighting differences among direct and indirect pathways. Key findings highlight the presence of special cells in leaf explants after wounding, under different time lapses, through single-cell sequencing of the transcriptional landscape. The possible roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ethylene, and jasmonic acid are explored in the early establishment of wounding signals (short/long) for auxin biosynthesis, ultimately leading to adventitious root formation. The synergistic manner of 3rd type of special cells along converter and regeneration-competent cells automatically leads towards cell fate transition for auxin flux in regeneration-competent cells. The signaling mechanisms of these suggested special cells need to be further investigated to understand the DNRR mechanistic story entirely, in addition to root-to-root regeneration and stem-to-root regeneration. Meta-analysis of DNRR is also presented for past and future reference.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of Serendipita indica and a mix of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth, photosynthetic capacity, and proteomics of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi.","authors":"Amanda A Bertolazi, Lucas Z Passamani, Sávio B de Souza, Weverton P Rodrigues, Eliemar Campostrini, Vitor B Pinto, Vanildo Silveira, Carlos E de Rezende, Cristina Cruz, Elke J B N Cardoso, Alessandro Coutinho Ramos","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04608-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04608-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Both, Serendipita indica and AMF, show promise as sustainable biofertilizers for reforestation, improving nutrient uptake and stress tolerance, despite contrasting effects on photosynthetic capacity and biomass allocation. Reclaiming degraded areas is essential for biodiversity conservation and enhancing ecosystem services enhancement, especially when using native species. This study investigated Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, a native Brazilian species, and its compatibility with plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM), including an endophytic fungus (Serendipita indica) and a consortium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to identify effective strategies for reforestation in nutrient-poor environments. We observed growth stimulation by both PGPMs; however, S. indica primarily enhanced root weight, whereas AMF improved shoot weight. S. indica's positive effects on root systems could be attributed to increased auxin levels and altered root architecture, which are critical for seedling establishment in reforestation programs. In terms of nutritional status, both treatments increased the content of most nutrients, with higher micronutrient contents in the shoots and higher macronutrient content in roots of inoculated plants. Despite AMF's role in enhancing photosynthesis, plants inoculated with these fungi showed reduced photosynthetic capacity traits, possibly due to lower leaf nitrogen content. The proteomic analysis of Schinus terebinthifolius leaf extracts revealed that, despite the upregulation of several proteins associated with the photosynthetic apparatus in response to S. indica treatment, no enhancement in photosynthetic capacity was observed. We also found several proteins related to oxidative stress in plants inoculated with both fungi, indicating a greater tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. These findings underscore the potential of both, S. indica and AMF, as sustainable alternatives to chemical fertilizers in reforestation efforts, enhancing seedling quality and survival in nutrient-poor soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the plant-growth promoting bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae as catalyst of microbiome remodeling and metabolic changes in wheat plants.","authors":"Pablo Carril, Carlos Cordeiro, Marta Sousa Silva, Ephrem Ngendahimana, Rogério Tenreiro, Cristina Cruz","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04609-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04609-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Inoculation with the PGPB Herbaspirillum seropedicae shapes both the structure and putative functions of the wheat microbiome and causes changes in the levels of various plant metabolites described to be involved in plant growth and health. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) can establish metabolic imprints in their hosts, contributing to the improvement of plant health in different ways. However, while PGPB imprints on plant metabolism have been extensively characterized, much less is known regarding those affecting plant indigenous microbiomes, and hence it remains unknown whether both processes occur simultaneously. In this study, both 16S amplicon and ITS sequencing analyses were carried out to study both the structural as well as the putative functional changes in the seed-borne endophytic microbiome of wheat plants inoculated with the PGPB Herbaspirillum seropedicae strain RAM10. Concomitantly, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) analyses were used to investigate the alterations in the root metabolome of PGPB-inoculated plants. PGPB inoculation led to marked differences in the composition of the root microbiome, accompanied by the differential enrichment of microorganisms with putative roles in both plant energy and nitrogen metabolism. In addition, metabolome analyses showed that the levels of 16 metabolites belonging to the phenylpropanoid, terpenoid, and unsaturated fatty acid families were significantly altered in PGPB-inoculated plants. These findings shed light on the interplay between PGPB, the plant and its associated microbiome, indicating that PGPB can act as the driving force mediating long-lasting changes in both the plant metabolome and the plant microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex transcription regulation of acidic chitinase suggests fine-tuning of digestive processes in Drosera binata.","authors":"Veronika Mikitova, Martin Jopcik, Miroslav Rajninec, Jana Libantova","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04607-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04607-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>DbChitI-3, Drosera binata's acidic chitinase, peaks at pH 2.5 from 15 °C to 30 °C. Gene expression is stimulated by polysaccharides and suppressed by monosaccharide digestion, implying a feedback loop in its transcriptional regulation. Here, we characterised a novel chitinase gene (DbChitI-3) isolated from the carnivorous plant species Drosera binata with strong homology to other Drosera species' extracellular class I chitinases with a role in digestive processes. The capability to cleave different forms of chitin was tested using recombinantly produced chitinase in Escherichia coli (rDbChitI-3^S-His) and subsequent purification. The recombinant protein did not cleave chitin powder, the mono-, di- and tri- N-acetyl-D-glucosamine substrates, but cleaved acetic acid-swollen chitin. Fluorometric assay with acetic acid-swollen FITC-chitin as a substrate revealed the maximum enzyme activity at pH 2.5, spanning from 15 °C to 30 °C. Comparing enzymatic parameters with commercial chitinase from Streptomyces griseus showed rDbChitI-3S-His efficiency reaching 64.3% of S. griseus chitinase under optimal conditions. The highest basal expression of DbChitI-3 was detected in leaf blades. In other organs, the expression was either fivefold lower (petioles) or almost nondetectable (stems, roots and flowers). Application of gelatin, chitin, and pachyman resulted in a 3.9-, 4.6- and 5.7-fold increase in the mRNA transcript abundance of DbChitI-3 in leaves. In contrast, monosaccharides and laminarin decreased transcription of the DbChitI-3 gene by at least 70%, 5 h after treatment. The simultaneous application of suppressor and inducer (glucose and pachyman) indicated the predominant effect of the suppressor, implying that sufficient monosaccharide nutrients prioritize absorption processes in D. binata leaves over further digestion of the potential substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of signaling systems of plant in responding to key astrophysical factors: increased ionizing radiation, near-null magnetic field and microgravity.","authors":"Marina Grinberg, Vladimir Vodeneev","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04610-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04610-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants will form the basis of artificial ecosystems in space exploration and the creation of bases on other planets. Astrophysical factors, such as ionizing radiation (IR), magnetic fields (MF) and gravity, can significantly affect the growth and development of plants beyond Earth. However, to date, the ways in which these factors influence plants remain largely unexplored. The review shows that, despite the lack of specialized receptors, plants are able to perceive changes in astrophysical factors. Potential mechanisms for perceiving changes in IR, MF and gravity levels are considered. The main pathway for inducing effects in plants is caused by primary physicochemical reactions and change in the levels of secondary messengers, including ROS and Ca²⁺. The presence of common components, including secondary messengers, in the chain of responses to astrophysical factors determines the complex nature of the response under their combined action. The analysis performed and the proposed hypothesis will help in planning space missions, as well as identifying the most important areas of research in space biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 2","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}