Planta最新文献

{"title":"Identification of a natural RcLOG1 allele linked to prickle development in Rose (Rosa spp.).","authors":"Priya Kumari, Himanshi Gangwar, Vijay Gahlaut, Poonam Kumari, Vandana Jaiswal","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04817-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04817-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Roses, one of the most important ornamental crops, face challenges due to the presence of prickles. Recent studies have highlighted the important role of the LONELY GUY 1 (LOG1) gene in prickle formation in the eggplant. The LOG (LONELY GUY) genes are involved in plant cytokinin biosynthesis, converting inactive cytokinin precursors into their active forms. This activation is essential for various physiological processes, including cell division, organogenesis, and stress responses. The current study identified and investigated the RcLOG genes and their involvement in prickle formation in roses. In this study, eight RcLOG genes were identified in rose, with coding sequence (CDS) lengths ranging from 648 to 921 bp, encoding proteins between 215 and 306 amino acids. qRT-PCR analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of RcLOG genes in prickled and prickle-less rose genotypes, suggested their involvement in prickle development. During prickle development, RcLOG1 expression was absent in prickle-less roses, while it was significantly upregulated in prickled roses. This indicated that RcLOG1 plays a crucial role in prickle formation, and its downregulation was likely responsible for the prickle-less phenotype. Interestingly, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), Affx-86787307 (G/A), was identified in the seventh exon of RcLOG1. The homozygous AA genotype was associated with the prickle-less phenotype. This SNP was non-synonymous, and G to A transition resulted in an amino acid substitution from aspartic acid (D) to asparagine (N), which reduced the protein stability. In summary, the Affx-86787307-AA allele led to the incorporation of asparagine, potentially destabilizing the protein and contributing to the absence of prickles. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying prickle development in roses and could facilitate the breeding of prickle-less rose varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plastid genome of the critically endangered Valeriana trinervis (= Centranthus trinervis) and insights from comparison with other Valeriana plastomes (Caprifoliaceae).","authors":"Daniele De Luca, Olga De Castro","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04815-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04815-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The first complete plastid genome of the critically endangered species Valeriana trinervis was sequenced, assembled and compared with other published Valeriana plastomes. In this study, we assembled the plastid genome of the critically endangered, endemic species Valeriana trinervis (= Centranthus trinervis) and compare it with all published plastomes of Valeriana. We found not only differences in the inverted repeats boundaries, in the type and abundance of repeats, but also similarities in codon usage and microsatellite numbers. We detected non-canonical start codons in several genes and identified variation in several regions that could be useful for phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies. The phylogenetic tree inference based on both full plastomes and coding sequence data indicated that V. trinervis is sister to all Eurasian Valeriana accessions confirming the phylogenetic position recently investigated. This is the first plastome available for a species of the Mediterranean clade of Valeriana previously known as Centranthus, and it adds further data to understand the evolution and diversification of this systematically debated genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12423159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct immune responses confer partial resistance to Fusarium wilt in tomato landraces.","authors":"Antonis Tzionis, Giorgos Artymatas, Angelos C Kyratzis, Stavroula Dimitriadi, Maria-Dimitra Tsolakidou, Iakovos S Pantelides","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04818-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04818-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Cypriot tomato landraces exhibit partial resistance to Fusarium wilt through distinct jasmonic and salicylic acid-mediated immune responses, offering promising genetic resources for breeding durable tomato cultivars. Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), is a major constraint on global tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production, with few sustainable control measures available. This study assessed six Cypriot tomato landraces for resistance to Fol and explored the mechanisms underlying their defense. Pathogenicity assays under controlled growth conditions identified two landraces, ARI00732 and ARI00733, with partial resistance and improved growth performance compared to the susceptible cultivar Ailsa Craig. A second pathogenicity trial using sterilized and non-sterilized soils revealed no significant contribution of soil microbiota, suggesting intrinsic plant defenses as the primary mechanism. In vitro assays showed that root exudates from these landraces neither inhibited Fol growth nor altered fungal chemotropism. Gene expression analysis revealed distinct defense strategies: ARI00732 displayed strong induction of jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive genes (MYC2, LoxD, PDF1.2), whereas ARI00733 upregulated salicylic acid (SA)-associated Pti5 gene and the antioxidant defense gene APX1. These findings demonstrate that complementary JA- and SA-mediated pathways contribute to resistance. This work highlights the potential of tomato landraces as a source of durable resistance traits and provides a foundation for breeding programs targeting Fusarium wilt.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floral development and phenolic compounds production in Agastache rugosa through light regulation.","authors":"Yun Ji Park, Su Hyeon Lee, Hyo In Yoon, Jai-Eok Park, To Quyen Truong, Je Hyeong Jung, Jung-Seok Yang, Inkyu Park, Sang Min Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04816-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04816-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The regulation of photoperiod and light intensity significantly affected Agastache rugosa by enhancing growth, modifying flowering dynamics, and promoting the accumulation of key phenolic compounds. Agastache rugosa is a medicinal and aromatic plant valued for its bioactive compounds, which contribute to its application in the flavoring, perfume, and food industries. However, variability in the composition of the bioactive compounds poses challenges for its commercial utilization. Light is a key external signal that regulates plant development and flowering by activating various signaling pathways. This study investigated the effects of extended photoperiods and light intensities on flowering dynamics and phenolic compound accumulation in A. rugosa. The results demonstrated that reduced light intensity promoted vertical growth and biomass accumulation. Furthermore, extended photoperiods significantly enhanced flower productivity and accelerated floral development. Notably, under extended photoperiods with lower light intensity, flowering initiation was delayed; however, subsequent maturation progressed more rapidly, effectively compensating for the initial delay. Extended photoperiod also influenced organ-specific accumulation of phenolic compounds. While high light intensity combined with an extended photoperiod enhanced phenolic compound accumulation in vegetative tissues, lower light intensity under the same conditions led to increased flavonoid accumulation in reproductive tissues. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of light regulation in optimizing both floral productivity and bioactive compound accumulation in A. rugosa, offering potential strategies for its controlled cultivation and industrial application.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical versatility and stress modulation: UGTs in the Fabaceae family.","authors":"Shahnawaz Hussain, Bhawna Verma, Ritu Devi, Palak Arora, Suphla Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04805-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04805-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The Fabaceae-specific review highlights the structural, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of UGTs, revealing clade-specific glycosylation mechanisms and novel sugar conjugations that contribute to legume adaptability. These insights offer promising avenues for metabolic engineering and stress-resilient crop development. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are the biocatalysts modifying small molecules through glycosylation to enhance their solubility, stability, and bioactivity. They alter the physiology of the plant thereby enhancing adaptability and resilience in plants. In the last five years, several comprehensive reviews highlighting their classification, functional characterization, substrate recognition mechanism, ginsenoside biosynthesis, xenobiotic resistance, and possible applications in agriculture have been published. Reviews have also discussed and analyzed structure and functions of specific UGTs catalyzing flavonoid and medicinal terpenoids; however, resources on UGTs specific to Fabaceae family have not been deliberated. The Fabaceae family houses diverse agronomically important plants which are the major source of plant-based proteins, edible oil, medicines, natural nitrogen fixers, dyes, and several other usages. Published reports advocate UGTs from legumes contribute to chemical diversity by glycosylating flavonoids, terpenoids, and phytohormones, often through O-, C-linkage, and rare sugar conjugations such as arabinosylation and xylosylation. This review integrates phylogenetic analysis, motif architecture, and functional data from characterized UGTs mined from the legume family, and their high-throughput screening platforms for functionality assignment. The review classifies reported characterized UGTs from Fabaceae into eight major clades (A, D, E, F, G, L, M, and R), each associated with distinct enzymatic functions. Group E (UGT71/72/88) primarily mediated 3-O and 7-O flavonoid glycosylation, while Group D (UGT73) showed the broadest substrate acceptability range from phytohormones to secondary metabolites. Novel sugar conjugation was also seen suggesting evolutionary innovation within the legumes and their potential utility in metabolic engineering and crop improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of BcPIF4-1 affects flowering time and hypocotyl length by regulating AtFT and AtIAA29 expression, respectively, in Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Young-Cheon Kim, Eun Bin Choi, Gee Woo Kim, Jeong Hwan Lee","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04809-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04809-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) plays an important role in regulating plant thermomorphogenesis. In this study, two PIF4 homologous genes, BcPIF4-1 and BcPIF4-2 (Brassica rapa subsp. CHINENSIS PIF4-1 and PIF4-2), were investigated. Amino acid sequence comparison with Arabidopsis thaliana PIF4 (AtPIF4) showed that BcPIF4-1 and BcPIF4-2 had an active phytochrome B binding (APB) motif at the N-terminus and a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain at the C-terminus. Both BcPIF4-1 and BcPIF4-2 were highly expressed in the leaves of Pak choi and showed increasing expression patterns during vernalization. Subcellular localization and yeast two-hybrid analyses also showed that the three BcPIF4-1 and BcPIF4-2 proteins were localized in the nucleus and could interact with Pak choi and Arabidopsis TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS (BcTCPs and AtTCPs). Interestingly, transgenic approaches have shown that the overexpression of only BcPIF4-1 in Col-0 and pif4-101 plants results in early flowering phenotypes by upregulating the expression of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (AtFT). An important BcPIF4-1 motif that directly binds to the AtFT promoter is also suggested in this study. Furthermore, the overexpression of BcPIF4-1 in Col-0 and pif4-101 plants affected hypocotyl length by increasing the expression levels of Arabidopsis INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29 (AtIAA29). Our results indicate that BcPIF4-1 isolated from Pak choi is a functional equivalent of AtPIF4 in terms of flowering time and hypocotyl elongation, suggesting that BcPIF4-1 is a candidate gene for developing high-temperature-insensitive Pak choi cultivars. MAIN CONCLUSION: Pak choi BcPIF4-1 controls flowering time and hypocotyl length by affecting AtFT and AtIAA29 expression, respectively in Arabidopsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsWRKY113 undermines jasmonic acid-dependent immune responses to Fusarium fujikuroi.","authors":"Yujeong Jeong, Ji In Jang, Eun-Jung Suh, Nam-Jin Chung, Sang Ryeol Park, Seungmin Son","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04810-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04810-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>OsWRKY113 functions as a negative regulator of rice immunity against Fusarium fujikuroi by attenuating jasmonic acid-mediated immune responses, unveiling its previously uncharacterized role within the OsWRKY transcription factor family. The fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi is a major causal agent of bakanae disease in rice (Oryza sativa), a globally important staple crop. WRKY transcription factors are key regulators in the interaction between rice and this pathogen. However, the specific OsWRKY genes that contribute to rice susceptibility to F. fujikuroi remain uncharacterized. In this study, we identify OsWRKY113 as a negative regulator of resistance to F. fujikuroi. OsWRKY113 was localized exclusively in the nucleus, and its expression was induced following F. fujikuroi infection. Transgenic rice lines constitutively expressing OsWRKY113 exhibited impaired jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling upon F. fujikuroi challenge, accompanied by a significant downregulation of JA-responsive pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, including OsPR9. Notably, exogenous application of methyl jasmonate reversed this enhanced susceptibility and restored the expression of JA-associated defense genes in the OsWRKY113-expressing plants. Collectively, these findings show that OsWRKY113 increases rice susceptibility to F. fujikuroi by suppressing JA-mediated immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen deficiency impacts growth and modulates carbon metabolism in maize.","authors":"Joseph N Amoah, Claudia Keitel, Brent N Kaiser","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04814-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04814-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Nitrogen (N) deficiency in maize regulates carbon (C) metabolism by enhancing sugar and starch metabolism and related gene expression in both shoots and roots, while increasing root competition for assimilates causing carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and sheaths due reduced translocation to sink tissues. Soluble sugars are vital for plant development, with nitrogen (N) availability playing a key role in their distribution across plant organs, ultimately shaping growth patterns. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing carbon (C) assimilate allocation and utilization under different N forms remain unclear. This study examined C fixation, utilization, and spatial distribution in hydroponically grown maize seedlings subjected to four N treatments: 1 mM NO₃⁻ (low N, LN), 2 mM NO₃⁻ (medium N), 10 mM NO₃⁻ (high N), and 1 mM NH₄⁺ (low ammonium, LA). LN treatment significantly increased soluble sugar and starch contents while promoting greater root biomass at the expense of shoot biomass, leading to a higher root-to-shoot assimilate allocation. The activities of sugar and starch metabolism enzymes were more tightly regulated in both shoots and roots under LN, indicating enhanced C utilization and increased competition for assimilates, particularly in the root. Key genes involved in above-ground sugar and starch metabolism, ZmSPS1, ZmSuSy1, ZmCINV1, ZmVINV1, ZmCWINV1, ZmSTP2, ZmSUC2, ZmSWEET14, ZmSS1, ZmAMY1, ZmBAM1, and ZmAGPase1, were upregulated under LN, correlating with enhanced enzyme activity and resulting increased sugar and starch accumulation. Starch and sucrose accumulated more in LN-treated leaves than in other N treatments, with starch primarily stored in leaf tips and sucrose concentrated in the leaf sheath. This pattern suggests that excess C accumulation results from inefficient C utilization in sink tissues rather than impaired C assimilation. These findings provide new insights into how LN modulates C partitioning between leaves and roots for stress adaptation, highlighting the importance of improving C utilization in sink tissues to mitigate N deficiency and enhance plant growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low input fast-track (LIFT): an approach for fast introgression and stacking of (R-)genes into advanced apple selections.","authors":"Simone Bühlmann-Schütz, Marius Hodel, Nicholas P Howard, Luzia Lussi, Andrea Patocchi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04780-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04780-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Using the \"LIFT\" method can halve generation time to two years, thereby reducing the breeding cycle by 50%, and accelerate the development of disease-resistant apple cultivars for sustainable production. Good sources of resistance to pests and pathogens are often found in wild relatives or ornamental apples, which are mainly small-fruited and poor-tasting. Introgressing these resistance genes via classical breeding into new apple cultivars with good tree and fruit qualities requires a series of four to five pseudo-backcrosses, which takes at least 25 years. This study aimed to develop a low-input protocol to shorten the time between generations and thereby substantially reduce the timeline for the development of cultivars with introgressed resistance. The \"LIFT\" method combined forced growth of seedlings carrying the fire blight resistance genes from 'Evereste' or from Malus × robusta 5 in a standard greenhouse with artificial vernalization periods in a cold room. This allowed flower induction in about 20% of the seedlings as early as after the second vernalization period, i.e., about two years after sowing. The fire blight resistance, the increase in single fruit weight, and the reduction of the unadapted part of the genome derived from 'Evereste' or Malus × robusta 5 were monitored across generations. No erosion of the resistance was observed, but there was an increase in single fruit weight and a progressive reduction of the unadapted genome. Therefore, the developed protocol proved to be efficient and reliable and can be applied with or without molecular markers to introduce or combine traits from wild apple relative into advanced pre-breeding selections. These pre-breeding selections are urgently needed to develop new apple cultivars with broad disease resistance, ensuring long-term sustainable apple fruit production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constitutive metabolomic profile of a transgressive segregant of rice with superior salinity tolerance potentials due to unique morphological features and well-modulated growth.","authors":"Isaiah Catalino M Pabuayon, Md Mamunur Rashid, Ai Kitazumi, Kevin R Cushman, Habtom W Ressom, Benildo G De Los Reyes","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04811-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04811-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the nature of non-parental phenotypes created by transgressive segregation is important in creating novel genetic recombinants that can withstand different environmental conditions for crop production. FL510, a transgressive salinity-tolerant rice genotype from a cross between IR29 (salt-sensitive) and Pokkali (salt-tolerant), has tolerance mechanisms active under control conditions and improves survival upon the onset of salinity. This study compares normal-state metabolomes and lipidomes of FL510 with its parents. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the identified analytes showed clear and expected similarity between FL510 and Pokkali, while partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) emphasized overlaps between the metabolic profiles of IR29 and FL510. The analysis identified metabolites with inherited patterns of abundance from either parent in FL510 and those with unique, non-parental abundances, and these were supported by differential expression of key pathway-related genes identified through transcriptome analysis. Strigolactone precursor production was identified as a key feature in FL510, which may help explain its unique architecture that is beneficial for osmotic stress. We also identified a divergence between productivity under ideal environments leading to free radical production versus tempered production that offers better survival under marginal growing conditions. FL510 showed an inheritance of hormone and amino acid abundances from Pokkali, which further explains some of its architectural and previously studied stress-response features. Meanwhile, the similarity of FL510 with IR29 in terms of flavonoid indicates an inheritance of productivity and is consistent with previous reports of induction for these molecules under stress, rather than being active under control conditions. MAIN CONCLUSION: Through repeated genetic recombination of genetically distant alleles, the transgressive segregant FL510 gained unique, non-parental signaling pathways and complementary metabolome features from both parents leading to positive net genetic gains.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}