Planta最新文献

{"title":"Effect of high temperature on pollen grains and yield in economically important crops: a review.","authors":"Momna Mehmood, Nouraiz Ahmed Tanveer, Faiz Ahmad Joyia, Izhar Ullah, Heba I Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04714-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04714-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This review explores how climate change affects plant reproductive structures and causes significant yield loss, and discusses the effect of high temperatures on pollen viability, tube length, and germination percentage. Climate change-induced extreme heat and drought increasingly threaten plant growth and development, significantly impacting sexual reproduction. Heat and drought stress can disrupt key stages of plant sexual reproduction, including flowering time, gametophyte development, pollination, and seed formation, leading to infertility and substantial yield reductions in crops. A key consequence is compromised agricultural productivity and heightened food insecurity. The productivity in terms of crop yield is reduced due to a direct correlation between phenology and climate change. The reproductive organs of a plant and other parameters that define good fertility of a species are all affected by the increasing temperatures during their vegetative and reproductive phases of growth and development. This review dissects the detrimental effects of high temperatures on pollen grain viability, germination, and morphology, directly translating to yield reductions in major crops. It underscores the critical role of pollen viability and germination studies as potential tools for identifying heat-tolerant genotypes crucial for future food security. We delve into the intricate details of high-temperature stress's impact on pollen across various developmental stages, emphasizing the paramount importance of pollen studies as a criterion for heat tolerance in economically important crops within the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall explanation of auxin mechanisms that control vascular differentiation in leaves and organ development in flowers.","authors":"Roni Aloni","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04716-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04716-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This review on auxin control mechanisms explains the general concept of apical dominance in leaves, flowers and roots, where specific cells or organs that produce high-auxin concentrations inhibit other adjacent tissues or organs, resulting in organized developmental patterns, e.g., the downward (basipetal) development of leaves, organized vein patterns in leaves, synchronized flower development, and optimized root architecture. The various control mechanisms and roles of auxin during leaf and flower development were investigated in the pioneering work of Aloni et al. (Planta 216:841-853, 2003; Planta 223:315-328, 2006a), which explained why and how leaves, flowers and their vascular tissues are regulated in organized patterns. The first paper (Aloni et al. 216:841-853, 2003) tested the leaf venation hypothesis (Aloni, J Plant Growth Regul 20:22-34, 2001) and the second paper (Aloni et al. Planta 223:315-328, 2006a) uncovered the unsolved mystery of floral organ developmental pattern. In this review, the precedence and unique contribution of these studies in explaining the general auxin mechanisms controlling vascular differentiation in leaves and organ development in flowers are presented in conjunction with later work that detailed specific aspects of these mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative splicing analysis of stress tolerance to Al and flg22 in Vitis quinquangularis.","authors":"Qian Yao, Ruiwei Duan, Yang Feng, Dong Duan","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04713-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04713-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Alternative splicing of transcriptomes after Al and flg22 treatment for 12 h in response to plant defense of Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis: genes related to stress resistance and splicing factors were identified in response to Al and flg22 treatment. Alternative splicing (AS) is one of the major post-transcriptional regulation processes that potentially regulates the response to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. So far, the insight into potential roles of AS in grapevine response to aluminium (Al) and flagellin 22 (flg22) stresses remains poorly understood. We performed transcriptome sequencing of grape leaves before and after Al treatment and flg22 treatment, respectively, to identify AS genes. In this study, a total of 11,805 AS events were identified in Al treatment, of which the skipped exon (SE; 88.72%) type was the most frequent. 9156 AS events were identified under flg22 treatment, of which the SE (88.52%) type was the most frequent. Compared with Al-treated and flg22-treated 0 h, there were 42 and 147 differential alternative splicing (DAS) genes differentially expressed (DASEGs) in Al-treated and flg22-treated 12 h, respectively. Functional analysis showed that DASEGs after Al treatment were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism pathway; DASEGs after flg22 treatment were enriched in MAPK signaling and plant hormone signal transduction. We further verified seven resistance-related DASEGs with up-regulated expression in Al-treated 12 h, including beta-glucosidase, calcineurin B-like protein, synaptotagmin-3, cysteine synthase and glutathione reductase. Several genes function as leucine-rich repeats receptor-like serine/threonine protein kinase, BRI1 associated receptor kinase 1 and receptor-like protein kinase were also verified by RT-qPCR. We also verified four serine/arginine (SR)-rich proteins SCL30A, SCL28, RS2Z32 and SR45A, which were up-regulated in both Al and flg22 stresses. In conclusion, this study provides an in-depth analysis of the correlation between alternative splicing and grapevine stress tolerance, which helps to identify potential candidate genes for useful traits, provides a theoretical basis for grapevine breeding in plant stress tolerance, and offers new perspectives for understanding grapevine environmental adaptation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the genetic underpinnings of tobacco hairy root formation by variant-associated genes based on whole-genome resequencing.","authors":"Xiaozong Wu, Zhiwen Zhu, Peilin Li, Zhitao Qi, Ruojie Zhu, Chaonan Shi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04715-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04715-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Our whole-genome resequencing of tobacco hairy roots reveals functionally relevant variations in secondary metabolism-related genes and NAC transcription factors, providing actionable targets for metabolic pathway optimization and bioreactor design. Tobacco hairy roots are a critical model system for studying plant root development and secondary metabolism. The in-depth analysis of their genetic background and molecular regulatory mechanisms is important for biotechnological applications. In this study, we performed a whole-genome resequencing of tobacco hairy roots to uncover their genomic variation characteristics and potential functional implications. Genes associated with stop-lost, stop-gained, start-lost, and premature-start-codon-gain variants were enriched in zeatin biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and glycosyltransferase activities. The results of metabolite content determination showed that hairy roots possessed a low content of zeatin and flavonoid but a higher content of glycoside compounds. Among transcription factors associated with effective variants, NAC transcription factors constituted the largest proportion. Further characterization of NAC proteins revealed their functional domains and expression patterns. This study not only explores the molecular genetic underpinnings of tobacco hairy roots but also provides a critical dataset for metabolic engineering optimization, development of efficient bioreactors, and plant-microbe interaction mechanisms research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on accessible techniques for the management of rice false smut: recent research and future outlook.","authors":"Prasenjit Debnath, Sonam Mahawar, Garima Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04706-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04706-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Rice false smut is an emerging threat to rice cultivation. Raising awareness about disease management strategies among scientists and rice growers is crucial to mitigating its impact. Modern advancements, including omics-based approaches such as genome assisted breeding, genetic engineering, genome editing, and nanotechnology, play a crucial role in developing effective management strategies to combat false smut. The world's rice supply is at risk from the fungal disease Ustilaginoidea virens, which causes rice false smut (RFS), can lead to significant production losses and quality degradation. In the past few decades, numerous strategies have been developed to combat this pervasive sickness, ranging from advanced biotechnology interventions to traditional farming practices. The development of nanotechnology has opened up new avenues for combating RFS by offering innovative ways to increase the precision and effectiveness of disease control tactics. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the long term strategies for managing rice fake smut, focusing on using multi-omics approaches combined with nanotechnology. Over the years, various strategies, from advanced biotechnology to traditional farming, have been developed to combat this disease. Nanotechnology offers innovative and efficient solutions for RFS management. We examined the past background of RFS management while assessing the merits and drawbacks of traditional techniques. Then, we explored the most recent developments in nano-technological applications like nano-pesticides, nanosensors, and nanoformulations, diagnostics developments, genome editing, molecular breeding along with metabolic engineering emphasizing how they could transform RFS control in different rice-growing areas globally. The current review is scrutinizes the foremost obstacles and applying sophisticated techniques for the management of RFS. The goal of this review is to close the gap between conventional wisdom and contemporary advancements by providing a comprehensive analysis of the diverse strategies needed to lessen the negative effects of RFS on the world's food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSTANS-like 13 homologs MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B orchestrate flowering time and salt-drought tolerance in mango.","authors":"Shuquan Chen, Cong Luo, Yuan Liu, Chuting Huang, Ruoyan Li, Rongzhen Liang, Yihang Guo, Yuexing Zhang, Yuqing Xian, Haiqing Gao, Jumei Wei, Xinhua He","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04711-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04711-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The CO/COL gene family serves as a central regulator of photoperiod-dependent floral transition and exhibits functional diversification in plant adaptation to abiotic stress conditions. Through comprehensive analysis of the genomic data from the mango cultivar Guire 82 (Mangifera indica L.), two COL13 homologs, designated MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B, were successfully characterized. Phylogenetic categorization revealed that MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B cluster within evolutionary clade III of the CONSTANS-like superfamily. These two homologous genes displayed a circadian rhythm and were strongly expressed in the leaves throughout the flowering induction phase. Under short-day (SD) conditions, the flowering time of Arabidopsis strains overexpressing MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B was significantly delayed. However, overexpression of MiCOL13 A promoted early flowering in Arabidopsis, and MiCOL13B delayed flowering under long-day (LD) conditions. Subcellular localization demonstrated that the nucleus was the location of MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B. The study also revealed that the overexpression of MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B enhances Arabidopsis resistance to salt and drought stresses, resulting in overexpressing lines with longer roots and higher survival rates. Investigations of physiological and biochemical parameters revealed that elevated expression of MiCOL13 A/B significantly upregulated the expression of stress-responsive endogenous genes in A. thaliana under saline and drought conditions. Moreover, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses revealed that the MiCOL13A and MiCOL13B proteins interact with two stress-related proteins, zinc finger protein 4 (MiZFP4) and MYB30-INTERACTING E3 LIGASE 1 (MiMIEL1). Together, our findings indicate that MiCOL13 A and MiCOL13B have dual functions in controlling flowering and responding to abiotic stress in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The promoter regions of CBDAS and PT genes of cannabinoid biosynthesis in Cannabis sativa respond to phytohormones and stress-related signals.","authors":"Mohd Fayaz, Tsering Angmo, Kajal Katoch, Aasim Majeed, Maridul Kundan, Mir Abdul Wajid, Koushik Pal, Prashant Misra","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04709-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04709-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The functional characterization of promoter regions of CBDAS and PT genes of cannabinoids biosynthesis suggests that multiple factors including tissue-specific, phytohormones, and stress-related signals modulate their activity. Cannabis sativa L. has tremendous potential as a future crop for producing clinically important cannabinoid metabolites. While the cannabinoid biosynthetic pathway is largely known, the mechanistic details about its regulation are less understood. Decrypting the environmental and developmental factors regulating cannabinoid biosynthesis pathway may prove beneficial in pathway engineering and molecular breeding programs. Functional characterization of the promoter regions of key cannabinoid biosynthesis genes can provide useful insights into their transcriptional regulation. This study, therefore, is focused to uncover the role of different phytohormones and abiotic factors in influencing the activity of CsCBDAS and CsPT1 promoters through the development of promoter-GUS fusion expressing transgenic lines of Nicotiana tabacum. Spatial analysis across different tissues revealed that CsCBDAS and CsPT1 promoters drive a high level of GUS staining in leaf and flowers of the transgenic lines. A strong GUS staining was detected in the glandular trichomes of both tobacco transgenic lines. The results showed that out of the five hormones, three (IAA, GA₃, and SA) and four (IAA, GA₃, SA, and ABA) caused significant activation of CsCBDAS and CsPT1 promoters, respectively. While the light, heat, cold, salt, and wound stress induced promoter activity of both CsCBDAS and CsPT1, the drought stress was found to induce the activity of CsCBDAS promoter only. Validation of the expression patterns of these genes under different conditions in C. sativa through qRT-PCR suggested that phytohormones and abiotic factors may influence the cannabinoid biosynthesis in C. sativa by modulating their promoter activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light and nutrient cues elicit metabolic reprogramming by targeting carbon fixation, redox balance, and ATP homeostasis in Agastache rugosa.","authors":"Khairul Azree Rosli, Azizah Misran, Latifah Saiful Yazan, Puteri Edaroyati Megat Wahab","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04710-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04710-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The study uncovers how Agastache rugosa coordinates carbon fixation, redox balance, and ATP homeostasis via distinct metabolic strategies optimized for different light and nutrient conditions. This study explores the metabolic adaptations of Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kuntze in varying light and nutrient conditions, focusing on the coordination between photosynthetic and respiratory pathways. Plants were grown under two light levels (high light, 0% shade; low-light, 50% shade) and four nutrient treatments (NPK1, 40 mg kg^-1; NPK2, 80 mg kg^-1; NPK3, 120 mg kg^-1; NPK4, 160 mg kg^-1) and key metabolic parameters were analyzed. High-light plants had peak carbonic anhydrase activity (5.17 ± 0.26 U g^-1 FW) at NPK2, optimizing carbon fixation and redox balance with 20.6% and 12.8% higher NADP⁺/NADPH and NAD⁺/NADH ratios, each. Low-light plants upregulated PEPC (+110%), and PEPCK (+34%) at NPK4, displaying enhanced anaplerotic carbon fixation. Despite lower respiratory activity, (NADH-UQ, -50%; COX, -46%), plants under low-light had tenfold higher ATP at NPK3 through reduced consumption. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses (> 60% similarity) revealed distinct metabolic strategies between light treatments. Strong correlations among photosynthetic, respiratory, and redox parameters (r > 0.7, P < 0.001) indicated metabolic integration via shared regulatory networks. Our findings reveal the metabolic plasticity of A. rugosa, offering insights into plant adaptation with implications for cultivation. Moreover, multivariate analyses unveiled complex regulatory networks coordinating energy metabolism, highlighting the metabolic reprogramming employed by A. rugosa to maintain energetic and redox balance under dynamic environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mining and identification of factors influencing multi-branch plasticity in ornamental kale.","authors":"Rui Liu, Xin Feng, Xiyuan Yin, Pengfang Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04708-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04708-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Transcriptome-revealed plant hormones and nutrients are key factors influencing branching in ornamental kale. Topping treatment and exogenous hormones application revealed that auxin and SLs inhibited lateral buds outgrowth, respectively. Plant architecture is a crucial horticultural characteristic in ornamental kale as the variety of branching patterns significantly enhances the esthetic appeal of garden plants. The factors influencing multi-branch plasticity in ornamental kale are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we mined the key branching genes by comparing the transcriptomes of a single-branched inbred line 'P29' and its natural multi-branched mutant, revealing a total of 3727 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between them. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome enrichment analysis identified 41 auxin-related DEGs, 5 strigolactones (SLs)-related DEGs, 12 cytokinin-related DEGs, 3 abscisic acid-related DEGs, and 1 gibberellin-related DEG. Nutrients, such as sugar, nitrogen, and phosphorus, might also influence branching. To investigate the effects of auxin and SLs on branch outgrowth, we conducted a topping treatment (removed rosette head) and externally applied the SL analog GR24 and corresponding SL biosynthesis inhibitor TIS108 to the single-branch inbred line 'P23'. GR24 effectively inhibited lateral bud outgrowth while TIS108 promoted lateral bud initiation. This work provides a novel perspective of the multi-branch plasticity in ornamental kale and also highlights potential key elements regulating plant morphology, which could be targeted to improve the architecture of valuable plant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous quantification of cell wall elasticity and turgor pressure in live plant cells by elastic shell theory analysis and AFM.","authors":"Yuki Yamasaki, Kazunori Okano, Tetsuro Mimura, Satoru Tsugawa, Yoichiroh Hosokawa","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04683-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04683-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Our method can simultaneously quantify cell wall elasticity and turgor pressure of live plant cells through AFM measurements and calculations based on elastic shell theory. The morphological behavior of plant cells depends on their mechanical properties. Cell wall elasticity (E) and turgor pressure (P) are main factors that dominate the behavior. A method to simultaneously quantify them in live cells has yet to be established, hindering progress in plant mechanobiology. Recently, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to analyze single cells based on Hertz's contact theory (HCT). However, HCT cannot evaluate P. Several groups have attempted to evaluate P by adapting elastic shell theory (EST), but it is still difficult to estimate both E and P from the indentation data and EST alone. Herein an analytical method is proposed based on EST using the cell indentation and surface geometry from the AFM measurements. We also demonstrate the reliability of our approach under various osmotic pressure conditions and simultaneously determine the values of P and E in epidermal monolayer cells of an Allium cepa L.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 6","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}