Planta最新文献

{"title":"AtPrx71-mediated regulation of stem elongation, gravitropic response, and IAA accumulation in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Mami Kurumata-Shigeto, Zhou Ziyao, Diego Alonso Yoshikay-Benitez, Koki Fujita, Yosuke Iwamoto, Jun Shigeto, Yuji Tsutsumi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04826-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04826-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated that Arabidopsis peroxidase AtPrx71 inhibits stem growth and gravitropism response via IAA catabolism, and speculate that other vascular plants, including poplar, may have the same functional peroxidase. Poplar peroxidase CWPO-C, which exhibits significant substrate versatility, has been suggested to participate in IAA catabolism. We previously demonstrated that AtPrx71, which shares the highest amino acid sequence identity with CWPO-C (68%) among Arabidopsis thaliana peroxidases, also possesses similar substrate versatility. Building on these findings, we hypothesized that AtPrx71 may have a function similar to that of CWPO-C in Arabidopsis. Accordingly, we analyzed the expression of AtPrx71 and examined whether AtPrx71-deficient mutant (atprx71) and AtPrx71-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis (35S::AtPrx71) lines exhibited altered IAA-related phenotypes. Expression analysis revealed that AtPrx71 was strongly expressed in immature organs and tissues, including the upper part of the stem, which was generally consistent with that of CWPO-C. Furthermore, the sites of high expression include many organs and tissues where auxin accumulates. With respect to stem growth, IAA accumulation and gravitropic response, the phenotypes of the atprx71 mutant and 35S::AtPrx71 lines were also consistent with the hypothesis that AtPrx71 is involved in IAA catabolism in developing stems. Finally, the amino acid sequences of CWPO-C and AtPrx71 are highly conserved among many land plants, especially dicots. Therefore, the IAA catabolic mechanisms discussed here are not restricted to poplar and Arabidopsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Leaf anatomical traits shape lettuce physiological response to vapour pressure deficit and light intensity.","authors":"Chiara Amitrano, Murat Kacira, Carmen Arena, Stefania De Pascale, Veronica De Micco","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04831-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04831-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broccoli long non-coding RNA BroNR8 affects salt tolerance by mediating AtWRKY54-related reactive oxygen species homeostasis in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Hongli Yuan, Shengyi Liu, Shuting Ma, Jiafeng Yu, Di Huang, Ziguang Liu, Shuang Li, Yasushi Yukawa, Juan Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04829-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04829-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>BroNR8 regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis by upregulating AtWRKY54 and disrupting ROS homeostasis, revealing a key mechanism for salt sensitivity and offering insights for breeding salt-tolerant crops. Salt stress, which causes ion toxicity and oxidative damage in plants, severely threatens agricultural productivity and certain ecosystems. The regulatory network and mechanisms underlying plant responses to salt stress must be more thoroughly characterized. Many plant long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) have been identified, with important roles in various physiological processes. The lncRNA BroNR8 may be a 270 nt long transcript transcribed by Pol III in broccoli. It is highly expressed in the root elongation zone of germinating seeds, and its accumulation is significantly increased by salt and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. BroNR8 overexpression in Arabidopsis leads to a significant decrease in the tolerance of germinating seeds to salt stress in an ABA-independent manner. It also inhibits the maintenance of ROS homeostasis under saline conditions, thereby compromising the plant's capacity to scavenge endogenous H₂O₂. In response to salt stress, AtWRKY54 expression in BroNR8-AtOX increased significantly. Moreover, germinating seeds of wrky54 were highly tolerant to salt and H₂O₂. Furthermore, antioxidant enzyme activities in wrky54 increased significantly, while the ROS content decreased significantly. These results suggest that BroNR8 may affect Arabidopsis tolerance to salt stress by regulating AtWRKY54-mediated ROS homeostasis. The BroNR8/AtWRKY54/ROS module detected in this study may help to clarify the molecular network regulating plant salt stress responses mediated by ncRNAs. The study findings may provide breeders with new gene resources for developing stress-resistant varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arabidopsis Dynamin-Related Protein 1a is important for cell plate fusion with parent cell plasma membrane in cytokinesis during pollen mitosis I.","authors":"Nan Wang, Qingchen Rui, Haoyue Xu, Xiaoyun Tan","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04832-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04832-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Arabidopsis Dynamin-Related Protein 1a is important for mediating cell plate-parental membrane fusion during pollen mitosis I by regulating the formation of finger-like projections at the margin of the cell plate. Pollen mitosis I (PMI) is critical for pollen development, and the fusion of the cell plate with the parental plasma membrane is one of the most essential events during cytokinesis in PMI. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that Arabidopsis Dynamin-Related Protein 1a (DRP1a), a multidomain GTPase regulating membrane remodeling processes such as fission, fusion, and tubulation, is required for cell plate fusion with the parental plasma membrane during PMI. Loss of DRP1a function leads to pollen abortion, with most drp1a mutant pollen grains failing to complete cell plate-parental membrane fusion. Further analysis revealed that in wild-type microspores, finger-like projections extend from the margins of the expanding cell plate and establish contact at the plasma membrane's adhesion zone. However, these structures were absent in cytokinesis-defective pollen grains from drp1a/ + mutants. Notably, DRP1a-YFP localized specifically to the cell plate margins, suggesting its direct involvement in this process. Our findings demonstrate that DRP1a, a member of the Dynamin-Related Protein family known for its roles in membrane remodeling, is important for mediating cell plate-parental membrane fusion during PMI by regulating the formation of finger-like projections.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative multi-omics and computer-aided biofungicide design approach to combat fusarium wilt of chickpea.","authors":"Rosaleen Sahoo, Narendra Y Kadoo","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04821-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04821-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Integrating multi-omics and computer-aided drug discovery approaches can overcome the limitations of traditional methods and help develop highly effective, specific, and environmentally safe biofungicides to control crop diseases. Chickpea is a valuable legume crop in terms of nutrition, food security, economic sustainability, and environmental benefits. Fusarium wilt caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri is one of the most important diseases affecting chickpea. Several disease management methods, including crop rotation, soil fumigation with chemical fungicides, soil solarization, etc., are practiced to manage the disease. However, these methods have various limitations and cannot completely control the disease. Moreover, chemical fungicides indiscriminately kill even the beneficial soil microbes, pollute groundwater, and enter the food chain. Hence, modern approaches emphasizing innovative strategies and technologies need to be explored to manage the disease effectively. In this review, we propose integrating multi-omics (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) and computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) approaches to develop biofungicides targeting vital pathogen proteins. Multi-omics approaches can delve deeper into the plant-pathogen interaction and reveal essential pathogen genes or proteins. These proteins could be targeted using CADD to identify phytochemical-based potential biofungicides, either using structure- or ligand-based drug design approaches. The potential biofungicides can be subjected to the prediction of carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, mutagenicity, etc., to identify biofungicides that are safe to use and are highly specific to the target pathogen. In vivo and in vitro validation studies can be followed to establish the efficacy and safety of the identified biofungicides for their practical application. This integrated approach can reduce the time and cost compared to the traditional methods and accelerate the discovery of highly effective biofungicides to protect crops from various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QTL-seq approach reveals CONSTANS-like as the candidate gene for inducing early flowering in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan).","authors":"Anupam Singh, Goriparthi Ramakrishna, Malik Zainul Abdin, Kishor Gaikwad","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04812-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04812-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>QTL-seq analysis of extreme phenotypic bulks from the F₂ population generated by crossing early-maturing pigeonpea mutant TAT-10 and wild-type parent T21 revealed an SNP in the upstream region of CONSTANS-like. The SNP lead to the loss of DOF factor binding site in promoter region in the TAT-10 background which might induce early flowering in TAT-10 For pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), early maturity is an important agronomic trait linked with early flowering and short grain filling stages. Early flowering is an effective way to evade environmental stresses enabling the cultivation of multiple crops in a year. For this study, QTL-seq was used to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with early flowering in pigeonpea. A segregating F₂ population was developed by crossing the early-maturing pigeonpea mutant TAT-10 with its late-maturing parent T21. The whole genome sequencing data of both the parents (T21 and TAT-10) and extreme bulks (Pool_E and Pool_L) were used for QTL-seq analysis. The QTL-seq analysis identified three significant chromosomal regions (12.3 Mb on CcLG03, 1.1 Mb on CcLG07, and 0.3 Mb on CcLG11) where six candidate flowering-related genes (4 on CcLG03 and 2 on CcLG07) were affected by SNPs in the non-coding regions, mainly in the upstream region. Analysis of Cis-regulatory elements revealed the loss of a DOF binding site due to an SNP in the promoter region of the CONSTANS-like gene in TAT-10. The relative gene expression analysis of the candidate genes during the vegetative stage through to the reproductive stages showed variation between T21 and TAT-10. The higher expression levels of the CONSTANS-like gene in TAT-10 compared to T21 are likely to be associated with the loss of the DOF transcription factor binding site. These identified genomic regions and candidate genes could be utilized for functional analyses and aid in understanding the molecular pathways in early-maturing pigeonpea cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doubling down on groundnut bud necrosis virus: combined dsRNAs targeting non-structural (NSs) and nucleocapsid (NP) genes confer superior resistance.","authors":"Suryakant Manik, Dipinte Gupta, Oinam Washington Singh, Sandip Garai, Anirban Roy, Bikash Mandal","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04824-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04824-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that dsRNA targeting NSs and NP genes of GBNV effectively reduces viral titre and symptoms, strengthening RNAi defenses and offering a sustainable, eco-friendly approach for crop protection. Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), a highly destructive Orthotospovirus endemic to the Indian subcontinent, presents a major challenge due to the lack of resistant cultivars and rising insecticide resistance in vector populations. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of exogenously applied double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) targeting the non-structural (NSs) and nucleocapsid protein (NP) genes of GBNV in inducing RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated resistance. Two dsRNAs were expressed in Escherichia coli HT115 and exogenously applied to Nicotiana benthamiana and Vigna unguiculata (cowpea cv. Pusa Komal) as aqueous suspensions (10 µg/seedling), either individually or in combination (5 µg each). Following GBNV inoculation, untreated controls displayed severe local and systemic symptoms, while dsRNA-treated plants exhibited delayed symptom onset and reduced disease severity. Combined dsRNA treatment resulted in an 87% reduction in disease severity in cowpea and 54% in N. benthamiana. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed significant reductions in viral transcript levels: ~ 35-fold in cowpea and ~ 38-fold in N. benthamiana with combined dsRNAs, compared to 15- and 20-fold (dsNP alone) and 5- and 13-fold (dsNSs alone), respectively. The GBNV Protection Index (GBNVPI) was highest for the combined dsRNA (0.98 in cowpea, 0.90 in N. benthamiana), followed by dsNP (0.92 and 0.78) and dsNSs (0.75 and 0.70). Northern-blot analysis confirmed the generation of virus-derived siRNAs, indicating activation of the RNAi pathway. Overall, cowpea exhibited stronger protection than N. benthamiana. These results demonstrated that co-application of dsRNAs targeting dual genes of GBNV significantly enhanced RNAi-mediated resistance, representing a promising strategy for managing this virus in susceptible crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing gene-edited copies of BrSOC1 genes into late-bolting inbred Chinese cabbage lines effectively delays bolting.","authors":"Haemyeong Jung, Hyun Ji Park, Seung Hee Jo, Areum Lee, Min Jung, Youn-Sung Kim, Hye Sun Cho","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04822-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04822-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Genome-edited brsoc1s enabled the development of late-bolting F1 hybrids with improved traits in Chinese cabbage, demonstrating more effective approach to enhancing sustainable cultivars. Late bolting in plants is influenced by inheriting two recessive late-bolting alleles at the same locus-a trait that traditionally requires considerable time and effort to develop in sustainable cultivars. In this study, we developed late-bolting F1 hybrids by utilizing genome-edited Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) lines carrying targeted mutations in SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1 (BrSOC1). Cas9-free knockout lines harboring mutations in two or three BrSOC1 genes were crossed with both early- and late-bolting inbred lines. Notably, F1 hybrids derived from brsoc1 knockout lines crossed with the early-bolting inbred line 20 (IL_20) exhibited delayed bolting compared to their parental lines. This delay was more pronounced when the late-bolting inbred lines IL_JN06 and IL_JN08-both characterized by low BrSOC1s expression-were used as crossing partners. The resulting F1 hybrids significantly outperformed their parents in late-bolting traits, showing extended bolting time and increased leaf production. The greatest delay, extending up to 12 days, was observed in hybrids carrying one gene-edited copy of each BrSOC1 gene. Furthermore, these hybrids exhibited significantly reduced expression of downstream flowering genes and enhanced bolting resistance compared to commercial cultivars. Our findings demonstrate that using genome-edited brsoc1s alleles as parental lines in crossbreeding is an effective strategy to accelerate the development of late-bolting Chinese cabbage cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GmIQD63 functions as a novel GmCDPK38-interacting protein in soybean defense against the common cutworm.","authors":"Xiao Li, Fenglin Su, Junjie Xiang, Mengshan Zhang, Xinyao Chen, Dezhou Hu, Deyue Yu, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04820-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04820-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>GmIQD63 interacts with GmCDPK38 to mediate soybean defense against the common cutworm, and its elite haplotype enhances resistance without a significant yield penalty, providing a potential breeding resource. Soybean (Glycine max) production is severely threatened by the common cutworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius), necessitating the identification of resistance genes for molecular breeding. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are critical regulators of plant defense responses; however, the substrate network of GmCDPK38, a negative regulator of soybean resistance to this pest, remains elusive. In this study, we combined phosphoproteomic analysis of the gmcdpk38 mutants with bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays to identify 12 potential GmCDPK38-interacting partners. Among these, GmIQD63, an IQ67 domain protein homologous to Arabidopsis AtIQD1 (a known insect resistance regulator), emerged as a key candidate. The physical interaction between GmCDPK38 and GmIQD63 was further validated through yeast two-hybrid and luciferase complementation imaging assays. Sequence analysis revealed that GmIQD63 encodes a 477-amino acid polypeptide containing multiple stress- and hormone-responsive cis-acting regulatory elements in its promoter region, along with a conserved IQ67 domain characteristic of plant IQD IIIb subfamily members. Subcellular localization experiments confirmed its plasma membrane targeting. Functional characterization via RNA interference-mediated silencing of GmIQD63 in soybean hairy roots significantly enhanced susceptibility to the common cutworm. Population genetic analysis of 341 soybean accessions uncovered natural variation in GmIQD63, with haplotype H5 in wild soybeans conferring enhanced resistance to the common cutworm without compromising agronomic traits. Notably, H5 is rare in cultivated soybeans, suggesting its untapped potential for breeding insect-resistant varieties. This study identifies GmIQD63 as a novel GmCDPK38-interacting partner essential for soybean defense and provides a molecular foundation for developing insect-resistant cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma radiation-induced molecular toxicity and effects on pluripotent stem cells of the radiosensitive conifer Norway spruce (Picea abies).","authors":"Payel Bhattacharjee, YeonKyeong Lee, Marcos Viejo, Gareth B Gillard, Simen Rød Sandve, Torgeir R Hvidsten, Brit Salbu, Dag A Brede, Jorunn E Olsen","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04819-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04819-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conifers are among the most radiosensitive plant species. Elevated, sublethal levels of ionising radiation result in reduced apical dominance in conifers, indicating a negative effect on shoot apical meristems (SAMs). The SAMs, harbouring the pluripotent stem cells, generate all the cells of the shoot, enabling growth and reproduction. However, knowledge on the effects of ionising radiation on such stem cells is scarce, but important for risk assessment and radioprotection of plants in contaminated ecosystems. Here, we assessed the sensitivity of in vitro-grown stem cells of Norway spruce to 144 h of gamma irradiation at 1-100 mGy h^-1, using such cells as a model for molecular toxicity of gamma radiation in conifers. Although there were no visible effects of the gamma irradiation on cell proliferation and subsequent embryo formation, dose rate-dependent DNA damage was observed at ≥ 10 mGy h^-1, and comprehensive organelle damage at all dose rates. Massive dose rate-dependent transcriptome changes occurred, with downregulation of a range of genes related to cell division, DNA repair and protein folding but upregulation of stress-related hormonal pathways and several antioxidant-related genes. The upregulation of such genes, survival and continued proliferation of at least a subset of cells and the post-irradiation normalisation of expression of DNA repair and protein-folding genes together with somatic embryo formation suggest that stem cells are able to recover from gamma-irradiation-induced stress. Collectively, regardless of cellular abnormalities after gamma irradiation, and huge transcriptomic shifts towards stress management pathways, the pluripotent stem cell cultures were able to retain their stemness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 5","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}