Physiologia plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Temperature-Responsive FPF1 Homologs Regulate Floral Transition in Saffron.","authors":"Sukriti, Joel Jose-Santhi, Diksha Kumari, Aparna Misra, Nirupma Kumari, Diksha Kalia, Yogesh Kandpal, Jeremy Dkhar, Rajesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is an economically important plant valued for the spice derived from its flower, specifically the stigma. As a thermoperiodic species, its flowering is primarily regulated by temperature cues. Although previous morphophysiological studies have explored this phenomenon, the molecular mechanisms underlying temperature-mediated floral induction in saffron remain largely unknown. In this study, we identify and functionally characterize two FLOWERING PROMOTING FACTOR 1 (FPF1)-like genes, CsatFPF1.1 and CsatFPF1.2, as key thermoresponsive regulators of floral initiation. They possess conserved motifs, localize to the nucleus, and exhibit flower meristem-specific expression, with marked upregulation during the floral induction phase under ambient high temperatures. Ectopic expression in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in early flowering, while virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in saffron corms suppressed flowering, highlighting their essential role. CsatFPF1.1 and CsatFPF1.2 positively regulates flowering by upregulating AtFT expression in Arabidopsis, whereas its silencing in saffron downregulates CsatFT3. This work presents in planta functional validation of flowering regulators in saffron, offering new insights into its temperature-dependent flowering pathway and providing valuable targets for genetic and biotechnological approaches to improve saffron yield and adaptability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halotolerant Bacterial Inoculation Mitigates Salinity-Induced Morpho-Physiological Stress in Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana K.).","authors":"María Florencia Yañez Yazlle, Andrea Noemí Ribotta, Juan José Cervetto, Iliana Magalí Carrizo, Esteban Schenfeld, Daniela Gomez, Veronica Patricia Irazusta, Karina Grunberg, Eliana López-Colomba","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity is a major constraint to pasture establishment and productivity, particularly in marginal soils. This study evaluated the effect of halophilic and halotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) on germination and early vegetative growth of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv. Reclaimer) under saline stress. Seven bacterial strains, previously isolated from hypersaline environments, were tested during germination of caryopses and spikelets at 0, 100, and 300 mM NaCl. The three most effective strains (Halomonas sp. 3R12, Pseudomonas sp. AN23, and Pseudarthrobacter sp. ER25) were further evaluated in a hydroponic system at 0 and 300 mM NaCl for morphological, biochemical, ionic, and photosynthetic parameters. Halomonas sp. 3R12 enhanced germination across all salinity levels, while Pseudomonas sp. AN23 and Pseudarthrobacter sp. ER25 showed seed-type-dependent effects. Under salt stress, bacterial inoculation increased plant height and root dry weight, reduced leaf Na⁺ accumulation, and improved K⁺/Na⁺ and Ca²⁺/Na⁺ ratios, indicating restricted Na⁺ translocation. Halomonas sp. 3R12 also promoted higher antioxidant activity and proline content, while Pseudarthrobacter sp. ER25 and Pseudomonas sp. AN23 improved the photosynthetic performance. These bacteria maintained the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm, Phi2) in plants under stress, in contrast to non-inoculated plants, which showed activation of regulated energy dissipation mechanisms and reduced electron flow. Overall, Halomonas sp. 3R12 and Pseudarthrobacter sp. ER25 were the most effective strains supporting their potential as bioinoculants for improving forage grass performance in salt-affected soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over-Expression of AtATG8h Enhances Resistance Against Biotrophic Pathogens but Compromises Resistance Against Necrotrophic Pathogen in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Wen-Xu Wang, Ya-Ting Zhao, Huan-Ting Zhao, Rui Zhang, Hu-Jiao Lan, Xia Liu, Jian-Zhong Liu","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AtATG8h and AtATG8i belong to a unique sub-group of the nine ATG8 proteins encoded in the Arabidopsis genome. Unlike other ATG8s that need ATG4 protease for cleavage to expose their C-terminal Gly residue for attachment of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and thus subsequent recruitment to the autophagosomal membranes, AtATG8h and AtATG8i directly carry a Gly residue at their C-termini and can be lipidated without the action of ATG4. We previously showed that CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAIN 2 (CLC2) participates in the autophagy process via interacting with AtATG8h and AtATG8i. Simultaneously knocking out AtATG8h and AtATG8i by CRISPR/CAS9 technology compromised autophagy, and as a consequence, enhanced the resistance to a biotrophic fungal pathogen. In this study, we took a gain-of-function approach to further investigate the roles of AtATG8h in disease resistance. Our results showed that overexpression of AtATG8h enhanced the resistance to biotrophic bacterial and fungal pathogens but compromised the resistance to a toxin secreted from a necrotrophic fungal pathogen. The enhanced resistance to the biotrophic pathogens was correlated with the increased expression of Pathogenesis-related (PR) gene, enhanced callose deposition and levels of both salicylic acid (SA) and H₂O₂, whereas the compromised resistance to the necrotrophic fungal toxin was correlated with the significantly reduced expression of the genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway. These results indicated that either knocking out or overexpressing AtATG8h resulted in a similar outcome in Arabidopsis disease resistance. The underpinning molecular mechanism is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene Oxide Enhances Drought Tolerance in Apple by Promoting ROS Scavenging and Regulating Amino Acid Contents.","authors":"Pengda Cheng, Jingyu Zhang, Wanshan Du, Xinyue Yang, Yutian Zhang, Zhiyu Zheng, Arij Khalil, Xiaogang Han, Chundong Niu, Fengwang Ma, Qingmei Guan","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70817","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Graphene oxide (GO), a two-dimensional nanomaterial, has shown potential for improving plant stress tolerance. However, its involvement in, and mechanism of, regulating the drought stress response in apple plants remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of GO on drought tolerance of M9-T337 plants under both short-term and long-term drought conditions. Results revealed that under short-term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L^-1 GO significantly alleviated drought-induced damage by reducing electrolytic leakage and MDA contents, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS scavenging. Under long-term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L^-1 GO improved photosynthetic rate and promoted root system development, thereby enhancing plant drought tolerance. Additionally, in M9-T337 plants, GO elevated the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid, proline, phenylalanine, arginine, and histidine, and upregulated the expression of MdCAT2, MdPOD2, MdDREB2A, MdERF1, and MdABI1. Taken together, this study connects GO with drought tolerance in apple plants, providing evidence that GO effectively enhances the drought tolerance of M9-T337 plants. These findings offer a promising strategy for the sustainable cultivation of apple in water-scarce regions through the application of nanomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147309210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adding N to Water-Stressed Sorghum bicolor Shifts Root Functional Traits and Uptake Strategies, but Without Short-Term Improvements in Water Use Efficiency or Productivity.","authors":"Sarah Tepler Drobnitch, Nora E Flynn, Joshua A Wenz, Louise H Comas","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70774","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the co-limitation of water and nitrogen (N) acquisition under drought, it is essential to mechanistically explore how plants respond to these limitations individually and in combination. To understand the general effect that N availability plays in water use efficiency across Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor, which has diverse mechanisms conferring tolerance to water limitations, we grew six genotypes ranging in drought tolerance under greenhouse conditions under three treatments: full water/high N, limited water/high N, and limited water/low N availability. We measured a suite of above- and below-ground plant traits to understand growth allocation and physiological responses. Under high N but limited water, two genotypes increased allocation to fine root production and reduced allocation to coarse root production, which could limit deep water foraging under field conditions. In contrast, limited N and water availability together stimulated coarse root production in those genotypes. High N with limited water did not increase net photosynthesis or total plant biomass production compared to limited N and water availability in any genotype. These results suggest that adding N to S. bicolor ssp. bicolor is unlikely to be an effective strategy for rescuing growth or yield under drought conditions. Moreover, limiting coarse root growth may have detrimental effects under field conditions. It is crucial for future studies to follow up on the effects of N and water availability on the grain yield of S. bicolor ssp. bicolor under water-limited field conditions to better understand the potentially negative effects of high nitrogen on water foraging under drought.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sclerified Cork Outperforms the Exodermis: Root Water Permeability Decreases in the Soil-To-Canopy Transition of the Aroid Vine Epipremnum aureum.","authors":"André Mantovani, Yago Chagas Groba","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70779","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aroid vine Epipremnum aureum undergoes changes in habitat and growth axis direction from terrestrial (plagiotropic) to canopy (orthotropic) conditions. Since aerial roots connected to the forest soil are vital for water and nutrient uptake in these vines, we hypothesize that morphophysiological acclimation occurs, enabling root survival under atmospheric conditions. Root morpho-anatomy, water balance, water absorption assayed via fluorescent tracer, and photochemical activity measured by chlorophyll fluorescence were analyzed. Gentle mechanical abrasion was applied to remove root coverings and compare water retention capacity in intact versus abraded roots. During the soil-to-canopy transitions, the root surface shifted from smooth, light brown in terrestrial roots to rough, dark brown surface in aerial roots, a change resulting from exodermis replacement by a sclerified cork in aerial regions. Small host-contacting regions of aerial roots retained exodermis and epidermal hairs instead of developing a cork, establishing spatial-dimorphism. Intact aerial roots with sclerified cork presented lower water-loss permeance than terrestrial roots with exodermis; this difference disappeared after abrasion, confirming the functional role of tissue replacement. Optical and fluorescence microscopy identified a ligno-suberized nature for the covering tissues, differing in structure and size between host-contact versus atmospheric regions of the aerial roots. While water absorption through root hairs was confirmed in host-contact, chlorophyll fluorescence suggests minimal photosynthetic capacity in atmospheric region. We propose that exodermis replacement by a sclerified cork is induced by steeper water potential gradients under atmospheric conditions. This anatomical novelty mitigates water loss in aerial roots, enabling E. aureum to thrive in the canopy habitat.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13000685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147481140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism Analysis of Sugar Metabolism Regulation in the Dynamic Response of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Leaves to Alkaline Salt Stress.","authors":"Yingjie Wang, Yutao Zhang, Song Yu, Zhongye Wang, Jiaqi Yin, Yi Dou, Chunyu Zhang, Fandi Meng, Kaiqiao Hua, Yifei Zhang, Lihe Yu","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing soil salinization in the Songnen Plain region, Northeast China, has hindered common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation. The specific regulatory mechanisms of sugar metabolism in common bean leaves under alkaline salt stress remain unclear. To address this research gap, in China's Songnen Plain, we subjected the high-yielding and multi-resistant granular bean variety \"Qingyun 1\" seedlings to stress treatments at 0, 24, and 48 h time points. Alkaline salt stress was simulated by applying 100 mM NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ mixed at a 9:1 M ratio. With prolonged treatment time, common bean leaves gradually wilted and yellowed. Stomatal conductance, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids significantly decreased by 16.45%-75.77%. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities and malondialdehyde and H₂O₂ contents significantly increased by 42.04%-91.36%, all reaching extremely significant levels (p < 0.01). Under progressive photosynthesis inhibition, the dynamic regulatory network of sugar metabolism helped sustain common bean leaf responses to alkaline salt stress. Integration of the dynamic changes in the activities of hexokinase (HK), α-galactosidase (galA), and 6-phosphofructokinase with the levels of sugars resulted in persistently suppressed HK phosphorylation, enhancing galA activity accelerated stachyose and raffinose metabolism and Suc and Fru release promotion in the leaves under alkaline salt stress. This ensured sustained high SS concentrations, ultimately providing plants with additional energy and carbon sources. Thus, the key genes encoding galA could be important candidates for exploring alkaline salt stress response mechanisms in common bean. These findings provide insights and theoretical support for breeding new alkaline salt-tolerant common bean varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147481080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Drought Stress Resilience Through Serendipita indica Endophytism in Tobacco.","authors":"Zhengxin Ma, Han Li, Wessam A Abdelrady, Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri, Zakir Ibrahim, Muhammd Naeem, Aziza A Aboulila, Yushuang Guo, Si Chen, Imran Haider Shamsi","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought is an increasingly frequent constraint for flue-cured tobacco production. Here we reported the root endophyte Serendipita indica enhancing drought tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum L. (cv. Yunyan 87) and identified the underlying mechanisms using integrated physiology and metabolomics. Seedlings were inoculated with a root-zone drench of S. indica mycelium/chlamydospore suspension (15 mL per plant, repeated after 3 days), and colonization was confirmed microscopically. Drought markedly decreased net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, intercellular CO₂, and total chlorophyll, whereas inoculated plants maintained significantly higher gas-exchange parameters and chlorophyll contents than drought-only plants. Antioxidant defense was strengthened under S.i + D, with increased SOD, POD and CAT activities. It reduced H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde in both leaves and roots, accompanied by greater proline and soluble sugar accumulation. UPLC-MS metabolomics revealed pronounced reprogramming: drought altered 168 leaf metabolites (71 up/97 down) and 215 root metabolites (111 up/104 down) relative to CTRL, while S.i + D altered 137 leaf metabolites (78 up/59 down) and 227 root metabolites (117 up/110 down); compared with drought-only plants, S. indica shifted 100 leaf (55 up/45 down) and 81 root metabolites (41 up/40 down). S. indica reduced drought-associated tropane/pyridine alkaloid signatures while promoting protective polyols and benzenoids. S. indica improves tobacco drought resilience by coordinating photosynthetic preservation with redox buffering, osmotic adjustment and targeted carbon/nitrogen rerouting, identifying flavonoid and arginine-proline modules as key metabolic nodes for endophyte-assisted drought tolerance, opening the doors for further research leading towards the way of constructing a sustainable environment of fungi-plant interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Transfer RNA Modifications during Rhizome Development in Oryza longistaminata.","authors":"Wenze Li, Guangzhao Yang, Haoyue Xue, Ruichen Ma, Chaoying Zhang, Ruixuan Yao, Yajun Li, Xukai Li, Fengyi Hu, Peng Chen, Zheng Li","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research using non-plant models reveals that the dynamic deposition of tRNA modifications is an efficient regulatory mechanism during multiple developmental processes and disease progressions, positioning tRNA modification as a frontier in biomedical research. By contrast, plant tRNA modification research is still in its infancy. In particular, the connection between tRNA modification and plant organ development has not been established. As a case study, we investigated tRNA modifications during rhizome development in Oryza longistaminata. A nascent rhizome generally first elongates horizontally and then enters a developmental transition stage to produce an aerial shoot. Notably, both these stages display exceptional developmental plasticity; thus, the complex interconnections between rhizome development and the environment are presumably underpinned by tRNA modification-based regulation. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we conducted systematic profiling of modified nucleosides in rhizomes. The abundances of m²G, m² ₂G, m¹G, m⁶t⁶A and ψ were detected to correlate with rhizome elongation, and m¹A, m⁶A, m¹I, m⁵U and mnm⁵s²U were differentially abundant when rhizomes were treated with different transition-related environmental factors. Through profiling rhizomes treated with hormones with known regulatory roles, we pinpointed several tRNA modifications that are likely associated with the hormonal signalling pathways relevant to the two rhizome developmental stages-m²G, m¹G and m² ₂G for elongation, and m¹I and m⁵U for transition. In addition, genome-wide analysis of tRNA-modifying genes was performed to set the stage for functional characterisation. These results and analyses deepen our understanding of rhizome development and underscore the potential regulatory significance of tRNA modification in plant organ development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Source Flexibility in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Impact of Glycolate on Mixotrophic Growth.","authors":"Eva Cavallari, Dimitri Tolleter, Cécile Giustini, Mathilde Menneteau, Gilles Curien, Guillaume Allorent","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70878","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mixotrophy is a widespread trophic strategy adopted by microalgae to optimize the utilization of environmental resources. It combines phototrophic and heterotrophic growth, involving the simultaneous use of both light and exogenous organic carbon as energy inputs. In addition to addressing biotechnological challenges, studying mixotrophy offers a means to investigate the interplay between photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. Here, we explored the mixotrophic growth of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a facultative phototroph routinely cultured under mixotrophic conditions in acetate-supplemented medium. We used Phenotype MicroArray plates to simultaneously screen a wide range of substrates and identified glycolate as the most effective one, besides acetate, in promoting mixotrophic growth. While the role of glycolate as a photorespiratory metabolite has been widely studied, its utilization in mixotrophy is less documented. We therefore performed a broader characterization of the photosynthetic, photoprotective and metabolic responses associated with glycolate supply, and compared them to those observed under phototrophic and acetate-supplemented growth conditions. We showed that, in contrast to acetate, glycolate supply associates with sustained photosynthetic activity and photoprotection capacity while shifting carbon metabolism towards starch accumulation. This work provides new insights into the impact of glycolate on Chlamydomonas mixotrophic growth, highlighting its potential as a valuable substrate rather than merely a photorespiratory by-product.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}