Physiologia plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Volatile 2-Phenylethanol and β-Cyclocitral Trigger Defense-Related Transcriptional and Metabolic Changes in Grapevine Leaves Against Downy Mildew.","authors":"Sara Avesani, Valentina Lazazzara, Matteo Buti, Michael Oberhuber, Peter Robatscher, Michele Perazzolli","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by grapevine leaves in response to phytopathogen infection. In particular, 2-phenylethanol and β-cyclocitral were triggered by Plasmopara viticola inoculation in downy mildew-resistant genotypes, but no information is available on their involvement in plant resistance induction. This study aimed to clarify transcriptional and metabolic changes associated with VOC-induced resistance activated by 2-phenylethanol and β-cyclocitral treatments against P. viticola. Both VOCs decreased downy mildew severity on grapevine leaf disks by complex reprogramming of the grapevine transcriptome at 1 and 6 days post inoculation. RNA-Seq analysis showed the modulation of transcripts related to defense (chitinases, defense-related proteins, and pathogenesis-related proteins), oxidative stress (glutathione S-transferases and peroxidases), secondary metabolism (nitrilases, stilbene synthases, and terpene synthases), signal transduction (e.g., kinases, receptor kinases, and calmodulins), and transcription (bHLH, ERF, MYB, NAC, and WRKY transcription factors) in leaf disks treated with 2-phenylethanol and β-cyclocitral. VOC treatments also caused changes in the leaf metabolome, and pathway analysis of metabolic features with significant changes in abundance in 2-phenylethanol- and β-cyclocitral-treated leaf disks revealed the reprogramming of amino acid, carbohydrate, flavonoid, phenylpropanoid, and terpenoid metabolism. In particular, compounds with increases in abundance belonged to putative carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, and phenylpropanoids in 2-phenylethanol-treated samples, or carboxylic acids and terpenoids in β-cyclocitral-treated samples, including molecules possibly associated with plant defense against pathogens, such as 3-dehydroquinic acid, 4-thujanol, aromadendrin, camphor, p-coumaryl alcohol, and perillaldehyde. Correlation analysis between transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that 2-phenylethanol and β-cyclocitral act as resistance inducers against downy mildew in grapevine.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70412"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Understory Planting Patterns on the Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Panax quinquefolius L. and Their Possible Mechanisms.","authors":"Yue Wang, Ziqi Liu, Ruzhen Wang, Hongxia Yu, Lei Fang, Lanping Guo, Jie Zhou","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understory planting patterns significantly influence the accumulation of secondary metabolites in the roots of Panax quinquefolius L. However, research on the mechanisms underlying these effects remains limited. Two treatments, field planting and understory planting, were established in this study. Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was utilized to determine the differences in root secondary metabolites of P. quinquefolius across these two planting modes. Additionally, the differences in the bacterial and fungal compositions of rhizosphere soils were analyzed using 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing. Untargeted metabolomics was utilized to evaluate variations in soil metabolites within the rhizosphere. Observations of rhizosphere arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization were conducted with a compound light microscope. The relationships between root secondary metabolites, rhizosphere microorganisms, and differential soil metabolites were assessed using Procrustes Analysis and Mantel-test correlation analysis. The results indicated that the content of ginsenosides of the understory planting pattern P. quinquefolius increased. Additionally, there was an observed increase in rhizosphere microbial diversity and community complexity, as well as enhanced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization. The relative abundance of microorganisms showed significant correlations with the content of plant secondary metabolites. Notably, the contents of rhizosphere soil metabolites columbin and glycyl-L-leucine increased, while ginsenosides and rutin levels decreased, exhibiting significant correlations with ginsenoside content in the roots of P. quinquefolius. This paper explores the mechanisms underlying the quality formation of P. quinquefolius in understory planting, focusing on rhizosphere microecology and soil metabolism, and establishes a foundation for developing ecological understory planting practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70394"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similar but Distinctive Strategies: How Peas and Beans Adapt Their Thylakoid Membranes to Low-Light Conditions.","authors":"Radosław Mazur, Łucja Kowalewska, Katarzyna Gieczewska, Iga Samol, Wiesław I Gruszecki, Agnieszka Mostowska, Maciej Garstka","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants adapt their photosynthetic apparatus to optimize energy capture under varying light conditions. This study investigates how species-specific thylakoid membrane organization influences low-light (LL) adaptation in peas and beans, two closely related plants that display distinct membrane architectures under moderate-light (ML) conditions. Despite their differences, both species exhibited convergent ultrastructural modifications when grown under LL, primarily through increased grana size. These structural changes were accompanied by similar proportional increases in light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins and lutein content in both species. However, significant species-specific adaptations were also recognized. LL-grown beans showed higher PSII core protein phosphorylation, increased LHCII aggregation, an elevated MGDG/DGDG ratio, and a reduced neoxanthin contribution to the total carotenoid pool compared with LL-grown peas, which did not exhibit light-dependent changes in these parameters. In contrast, LL-grown peas showed a decreased total protein aggregation, which suggests an increased membrane fluidity in pea plants growing in LL compared with ML conditions, probably securing protein mobility, which is beneficial in limited light environments. These molecular differences resulted in a superior acclimatory capacity in peas, which maintained higher photochemical efficiency under increasing light intensities compared to beans. Notably, peas lacked typical LL stress symptoms and grew more similarly to their ML counterparts than beans did. Our findings highlight the importance of species-specific membrane properties in determining adaptation potential to LL environments. These insights are valuable for selecting and breeding plants that are better suited for controlled-environment agriculture, where artificial lighting is often limited by economic and technical constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordinated Variation of Whole-Plant Hydraulic Anatomical Traits in Quercus variabilis Seedlings Reflects Provenance-Specific Climate Adaptation.","authors":"Jiaxi Wang, Haiyue Guo, Guolei Li, Fei Gao, Qinsong Yang, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant hydraulic performance relies on the coordinated functioning of stomatal, mesophyll, and xylem architecture. However, intraspecific evidence for such integration across climate gradients remains limited. We grew 1-year-old Quercus variabilis seedlings from 15 climatically contrasted provenances in a randomized common garden and quantified 19 anatomical traits across leaves, stems, and taproots. Provenance mean annual temperature, precipitation, and humidity jointly explained most of the observed variations. Seedlings from warmer, wetter origins developed (i) thinner palisade but thicker spongy mesophyll and overall leaves, (ii) smaller, denser stomata, and (iii) wider vessels with thicker walls, higher parenchyma fractions, and reduced fiber content. Root parenchyma covaried with stomatal density, and vessel traits were closely aligned with leaf anatomy, revealing a provenance-scale network that enhances hydraulic conductance, water storage, and stomatal responsiveness while potentially mitigating embolism risk. Although hydraulic vulnerability and conductivity were not directly measured, the convergence of vessel enlargement and wall thickening suggests a functional balance between efficiency and safety. Our findings provide the first intraspecific evidence that Q. variabilis integrates structural adjustments across organs in response to climate, offering new insight into adaptive evolution and informing the selection of drought-resilient provenances.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70413"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sulfate Limitation on Photosynthesis and Cell Composition of Unicellular Marine Microalgae of Different Phylogenies.","authors":"Miles Minio, Mariano Battistuzzi, Alessandra Norici, Nicoletta La Rocca, Cristina Pagliano, Caterina Gerotto","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70401","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sulfur (S) is an essential macroelement for photosynthetic organisms and is acquired as sulfate and assimilated as sulfide into cysteine through a highly demanding reductive process. S is a key component of proteins, lipids, and various other cellular metabolites and plays a direct role in photosynthesis, both in the electron transport and in carbon fixation reactions. Despite such central functions, most of our knowledge on S metabolism is focused on plant species, while in microalgae it is still fragmented, particularly concerning their huge phylogenetic diversity. Here, we investigated responses to continuous low sulfate availability in three marine microalgae, two Chlorophytes, Tetraselmis suecica and Dunaliella salina, and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, by characterizing their growth, photosynthesis, elemental, and macromolecular composition. As a general trend, all the microalgae acclimated to the low sulfate medium prioritized the allocation of available resources to photosynthesis. By modulating their pigment content per cell and the stoichiometry of their photosynthetic apparatus, S-limited cells kept in vivo photosynthetic activity close to that of control cultures. Conversely, growth and cell composition were modulated in a species-specific manner. Results are discussed also in an evolutionary perspective, taking into consideration that, throughout Earth's history, sulfate concentration significantly increased from ancient to modern oceans, and such variation was paralleled by changes in the ecological abundances between algal groups, with the red algae lineage of present-day oceans supplanting the green algae, more abundant in the past.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The MpANT-Auxin Loop Modulates Marchantia polymorpha Development.","authors":"Dipp-Álvarez Melissa, Lorenzo-Manzanarez J Luis, Flores-Sandoval Eduardo, Espinal-Centeno Annie, Méndez-Álvarez Domingo, Fisher J Tom, León-Ruiz Jesús, Olvera-Martínez Fernando, Bowman L John, Arteaga-Vázquez A Mario, Alfredo Cruz-Ramírez","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70365","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE/PLETHORA/BABYBOOM (APB) genes are considered part of the ancestral developmental toolkit in land plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, these transcription factors are induced by auxin and are primarily expressed in tissues with actively dividing cells, where they play essential roles in organ development. Marchantia polymorpha, a liverwort that diverged from A. thaliana early in embryophyte evolution, possesses a single APB ortholog, MpAINTEGUMENTA (MpANT), encoded in its genome. In this study, we aimed to characterize the function of MpANT. Analysis of a transcriptional fusion line indicates that MpANT is predominantly expressed in the meristematic region. We report that the MpANT promoter region contains several cis-acting Auxin Responsive Elements (AREs) and demonstrate that its expression, which occurs predominantly in meristematic regions, is significantly altered by the addition of exogenous auxin and inhibition of auxin transport. These findings indicate that MpANT acts downstream of Auxin Response Factors (ARFs) and auxin signaling. Analyses of loss- and gain-of-function MpANT alleles highlight the importance of this transcription factor in meristem maintenance and cell proliferation. Additionally, we found that MpANT acts upstream of the auxin transporter MpPIN1 by influencing auxin distribution. Taken together, our findings reveal a feedforward regulatory loop involving auxin, MpANT, and MpPIN1 that is important for Marchantia development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Water-Saving Strategies and Crop Adaptation to Drought: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Juan D Franco-Navarro, Yaiza Gara Padilla, Sara Álvarez, Ángeles Calatayud, José Manuel Colmenero-Flores, María José Gómez-Bellot, José Antonio Hernández, Isabel Martínez-Alcalá, Consuelo Penella, Juan Gabriel Pérez-Pérez, María Jesús Sánchez-Blanco, María Tasa, José Ramón Acosta-Motos","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70332","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought stress, which is one of the most critical environmental constraints affecting global crop productivity, is exacerbated by climate change and increased atmospheric water demand. This review comprehensively examines plant responses to drought, integrating physiological, morphological, biochemical, and genetic adaptations that contribute to water-use efficiency and stress tolerance. Key mechanisms such as osmotic adjustment, stomatal regulation, antioxidant defense, and hormonal signaling are analyzed, highlighting their role in mitigating drought-induced cellular damage. Advances in plant breeding and biotechnological approaches, including transgenic strategies, genome editing, and marker-assisted selection, are discussed in the context of improving drought resilience. The importance of root system architecture, leaf anatomical modifications, and stress-responsive transcription factors is underscored as essential components of drought adaptation. Additionally, agronomic innovations such as precision irrigation, soil management techniques, and plant-microbe interactions are reviewed due to their potential to enhance sustainable water use in agriculture. The role of epigenetic modifications and long-distance signaling mechanisms in drought acclimation is explored, shedding light on emerging strategies for engineering multi-stress tolerant crops. Furthermore, we assess the impact of drought on crop nutritional quality, the trade-offs between drought tolerance and pest resistance, and the socio-economic implications of water scarcity on global food security. This review provides a roadmap for integrating cutting-edge scientific knowledge with practical agricultural applications, aiming to develop resilient cropping systems capable of sustaining productivity under increasingly unpredictable climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70332"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144541896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dwarfing in Mangroves: A Review.","authors":"Gonasageran Naidoo","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mangroves are dynamic ecosystems that occur in intertidal areas of tropical and temperate regions. These woody trees or shrubs are important because of their global extensive area coverage and high primary productivity. Mangroves that fringe coastlines are tall (> 4 m) and well-developed, while those occurring inland are dwarfed (< 1.5 m) and sparse. Dwarf mangroves are not limited to particular latitudes or arid environments but occur worldwide at high elevations in the intertidal zone where soils are hypersaline. Dwarfing in mangroves has been attributed to edaphic factors such as salinity, tidal frequency, surface hydrology, and nutrient limitation. This review gives an overview of the current information on dwarf mangroves and their ecophysiological characteristics. It compares soil and plant characteristics, soil salinity, plant water relations, nutrient availability, photosynthesis, and biological nitrogen fixation between fringe and dwarf mangroves. It investigates the nature and cause of dwarfing in mangroves and determines the ecophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Overwhelming evidence from various sources indicates that dwarfing in mangroves is due to nitrogen limitation. Fringe trees have higher nitrogen concentrations than dwarf trees due to the regular tidal influence, higher organic matter, and well-developed aerial roots inhabited by diazotrophs, which are microorganisms that contribute significantly to the nitrogen budget by biological nitrogen fixation. This review concludes by making recommendations for the management and conservation of dwarf mangroves.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70411"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Photosynthesis Research Facilitating Technology Development Towards Enhanced Indoor Farming.","authors":"Pauli Kallio, Grzegorz Konert, Samuli Pyytövaara, Mikko Tikkanen","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70407","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants harness light energy through photosynthesis, a biological process that converts electromagnetic radiation into chemical form and drives CO₂ fixation to produce biomass. Photosynthetic machinery, the engine of the process, is a complex network of protein assemblies that function in plant chloroplasts and control the energy conversion process under constantly changing environmental conditions. This machinery is responsible for practically all food production on Earth, yet the molecular details and constraints that affect the overall energy efficiency are often ignored in the context of farming applications. This review is targeted at a wide audience and provides insight into the basic mechanistic concepts of photosynthesis and how these connect plant growth, conditional acclimation and efficiency. We aim to explain how different lights affect the photosynthetic performance and interlink with other environmental variables, and discuss why this should be taken into account under artificial conditions. We believe that a science-based view of future development that takes advantage of the molecular level knowledge on photosynthesis can be used for improved research equipment design and in commercial indoor farming applications with LED light technology and automated condition control. This requires fluent interdisciplinary communication from engineers who design research instrumentation to software developers and modelling experts involved in biological data processing. To advance this collaboration, we hope that this review serves as a bridge for those who are entering the field of molecular photosynthesis research, or people who are not specialised in plant science, but use or develop indoor farming and LED technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70407"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Germination in Aged Seeds and Identification of New Seed Viability Biomarkers Using NMR Metabolomics.","authors":"Gaetano Bissoli, Martina Palomino-Schätzlein, María Dolores Planes, Joan Renard, Triana Krätschmer, Claudia Silva-Dias, María R González-Bermúdez, Jorge Lozano-Juste, Lingyun Liu, Guodong Wang, Eduardo Bueso","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70395","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fast evaluation of seed performance is crucial for the agricultural industry. In this work, we apply NMR to identify specific metabolites that are related to the germination capacity of seeds. As our results show, NMR is a fast method with great potential to discover new accumulated metabolites during seed ageing and to predict the germination of a seed batch. In an initial study, we compared the metabolomic profile of Arabidopsis fresh and naturally aged seeds applying Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) and identified several sugars, amino acids, lactate, and methyl-nicotinate (MeNA), among others, as differentially accumulated metabolites in aged versus fresh seeds. Furthermore, we used our NMR metabolomics data to predict seed viability. A multivariate Partial Least Squares regression (PLS) analysis showed a direct correlation between the metabolomic profile and the seed germination rate, which allows for the prediction of seed germination. We then applied the same approach to natural and artificially aged wheat seeds, where we identified samples with high (91%) and low (0%) germination with 0.92 accuracy for artificially aged seeds and 0.80 accuracy for naturally aged seeds. In addition, we found a decrease in glucose and an increase in the dimethylamine content in wheat aged seeds, like in Arabidopsis. MeNA, a metabolite accumulated in aged Arabidopsis seeds but not statistically relevant in wheat, inhibited germination in both species via an ABA-independent mechanism involving the repression of the transcription of PARP3 and ERF72 genes in both species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 4","pages":"e70395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}