Physiologia plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Multi-Omics Reveals a Coordinated Salt Tolerance Mechanism in Medicinal Plant Tussilago farfara.","authors":"Liying Meng, Yanrui Fan, Yaru Qin, Yuanpeng Hao, Zhenyu Li","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.71093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salt stress affects not only the growth and development of medicinal plants but also their secondary metabolism and medicinal quality. In this study, we employed an integrative approach combining physiological assays with multi-omics analyses to systematically investigate the response mechanisms of Tussilago farfara L. to salt stress. The results showed that salt stress induced the accumulation of osmoprotectants and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, while significantly reshaping secondary metabolic pathways. Metabolomic analysis revealed differential response patterns of various compounds to salt stress: flavonoids and phenylpropanoids exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease, whereas quinic acid esters and sesquiterpenoids continuously accumulated. Based on the accumulation trends of these compounds, 100 mM NaCl was identified as the most suitable concentration among the tested gradients for balancing medicinal component accumulation and basic plant growth, under which the most pronounced increase in medicinal components occurred. Transcriptomic analysis showed that under this suitable concentration, the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways were strongly activated, with key structural genes significantly upregulated-a finding further validated by qRT PCR analysis. Correlation network analysis revealed that transcription factors from the AP2/ERF, WRKY, MYB, and NAC families exhibited significant associations with biosynthetic genes for these medicinal compounds, suggesting their potential involvement in the transcriptional regulation of active component accumulation under salt stress. This study would establish a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance and the formation of medicinal quality in T. farfara, and provide a potential strategy for improving its medicinal quality under saline-alkali conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Antioxidant Physiology and Cadmium Partitioning in Arabidopsis F2 Descendants of Chromium-Exposed Ancestors.","authors":"Sabina Dahija, Alisa Selović, Mirza Bakal, Saida Ibragić, Erna Karalija","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71076","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ancestral environmental stress can influence descendant phenotypes, yet the physiological traits underlying such effects remain poorly understood, particularly in response to heterologous stress. We investigated whether chronic chromium (Cr) exposure in the parental generation is associated with persistent physiological differences in Arabidopsis thaliana F2 descendants. Wild-type plants were exposed to 2.5 μM hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] supplied as potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) from the seedling stage until seed set. The resulting F2 lineage derived from chromium-exposed ancestors (2.5F2) was subsequently grown under control conditions or challenged with salinity (25 mM NaCl) or cadmium stress (25 μM Cd). Growth traits, biomass allocation, antioxidant enzyme activities, total soluble proteins, and elemental composition were assessed at the flowering stage. Significant lineage × treatment interactions were observed for root growth, APX activity, and cadmium partitioning. Under cadmium stress, 2.5F2 plants maintained longer roots and higher shoot biomass than wild-type plants. The most pronounced lineage-specific difference was observed for ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity: whereas wild-type plants exhibited strong stress-induced APX activation, the 2.5F2 lineage maintained elevated APX activity across all treatments in both shoots and roots. Elemental analysis further revealed altered metal homeostasis, with 2.5F2 plants accumulating less cadmium in roots but more in shoots, resulting in a higher shoot-to-root cadmium ratio, while root iron concentrations remained consistently higher across treatments. These findings indicate that descendants of chromium-exposed ancestors exhibit persistent physiological differences characterized by elevated antioxidant activity, altered cadmium partitioning, and improved maintenance of root growth under cadmium stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manually Annotated Gene Prediction of the Apple Genome and Identification of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Mechanisms in Apple.","authors":"Liwei Zheng, Hangkai Zhang, Yingli Yang, Yinglei Li, Junhan Zhang, Qian Liu, Quanwei Wei, Chengnan Xu, Jinyong Huang","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.71090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit color is a crucial biological trait of apple and is closely correlated with its nutritional value. The coloration of apple fruit is primarily determined by the anthocyanin accumulation in the peel. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying peel anthocyanin accumulation in apple remain poorly understood. In the present study, we updated the apple genome annotation, which provides a valuable resource for the identification of novel genes and further functional studies on apple peel coloration. Using RNA-seq transcriptome analysis, we systematically characterized the regulatory mechanisms governing anthocyanin biosynthesis and color formation in apple. Particular attention was given to newly identified genes with potential regulatory roles in anthocyanin accumulation. By integrating mRNA and small RNA transcriptomic data, we uncovered a core miR858-MdMYB regulatory module that participates in apple anthocyanin metabolism. Furthermore, comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that the photosystem I center gene MdPSAEA is involved in the regulation of apple anthocyanin biosynthesis. Collectively, our study provides an updated genome annotation and offers novel insights into the molecular basis of anthocyanin accumulation in apple.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a CRISPR-Cas9 Library for Indica Rice and Identification of OsOPR5 (LOC_Os06g11210) as a Regulator of Root Architecture.","authors":"Sankhadeep Chowdhury, Suprava Priyadarsini Nayak, Rajashree Pattanayak, Shaswati Sardar, Ashis Majhi, Banita Yadav, Abhilash Dasari, Rushil Mandlik, Humira Sonah, Rupesh Deshmukh, Ishaan Gupta, Petra Bauer, Hasthi Ram","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional characterization of a large number of rice genes remains a major challenge despite the availability of genome sequences and large-scale transcriptomic datasets. CRISPR-Cas9 library is a powerful approach for high-throughput targeted mutagenesis; however, its application in indica rice cultivars remains limited due to low transformation and regeneration efficiencies. In this study, we developed a CRISPR-Cas9 library targeting 12,000 rice genes and evaluated its utility for functional genomics in the indica cultivar MTU-1010. Sanger sequencing and NGS analysis of the plasmid library revealed high sgRNA coverage and more than 80% accuracy. Transformation of the developed library into the indica cultivar MTU-1010 resulted in a high target editing efficiency, with 90% of analyzed transgenic plants carrying mutations at the intended target site. Functional analysis of one homozygous mutant identified a previously uncharacterized role for OsOPR5 (LOC_Os06g11210), a member of the 12-oxophytodienoate reductase family in root architecture. The opr5 mutants exhibited significant reductions in lateral root number, seminal and crown root number, and root length, demonstrating that OsOPR5 positively regulates root system architecture in rice. Notably, endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-isoleucine levels were not significantly altered in the mutant, suggesting potential functional specialization or redundancy among rice OPR family members for JA accumulation. The root system architecture is a key determinant of water and nutrient acquisition; our results suggest that OsOPR5 may play an important role in adaptation under adverse environmental conditions. Collectively, this study establishes an efficient genome-editing platform for indica rice and identifies OsOPR5 as a novel regulator of root development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus subtilis Reprograms the Host Transcriptome and Rhizosphere Microbiome in Garden Pea With Effects Consistent With Systemic Responses to Alkaline Stress.","authors":"Ahmad H Kabir, Asha Thapa, Md Rokibul Hasan, Mohammad G Mostofa","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71102","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil alkalinity severely limits legume growth, but the role of Bacillus subtilis in alkaline stress tolerance remains unclear in garden pea. We found that multiple garden pea genotypes inoculated with B. subtilis under alkaline stress showed host-specific improvements in growth parameters. Mechanistic analysis conducted on Sugar Snap showed improved nodulation, mineral status, and leaf photosystem efficiency, while split-root assays showed responses consistent with systemic effects of B. subtilis in alkaline tolerance. Further, FeEDDHA partially reduced alkaline stress symptoms but did not fully restore nodulation. In contrast, B. subtilis increased rhizosphere Fe-chelating activity and improved nodulation, leading to stronger symbiotic recovery than inorganic Fe alone. This suggests that factors associated with B. subtilis inoculation, beyond Fe availability alone, may contribute to the observed recovery of nodulation. This is further supported by in vitro co-culture experiments showing enhanced growth of R. leguminosarum in the presence of B. subtilis under alkaline conditions, indicating potential microbial compatibility for coping with stress. RNA-seq analysis identified 958 upregulated and 1134 downregulated genes in roots inoculated with B. subtilis under alkaline conditions. The upregulated genes were mostly involved in the sugar-mediated symbiotic association (SWEET and GLUT), pH homeostasis (cation/H+ exchanger and ATPase), and nutrient assimilation (ammonium transporter and Zn/Fe permease). Microbial community analysis revealed that B. subtilis significantly altered bacterial alpha diversity under alkaline stress, whereas fungal alpha diversity remained unaffected. Further, B. subtilis reshaped the rhizosphere microbial community and enriched taxa such as Pseudomonas, Pseudorhizobium, and Chaetomium, which were potentially associated with responses to alkaline stress. Taken together, microbial interventions such as B. subtilis offer an effective strategy to boost legume tolerance to alkaline soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Water Availability and Bacillus Inoculation on Morphophysiology, Biochemistry and Secondary Metabolite in Lippia origanoides Kunth.","authors":"Henarmmany Cristina Alves de Oliveira, Larisse Bianca Soares Pereira, Manuela Neri, Igor Alexsander de Melo Pimentel, Claudio Augusto Gomes da Câmara, Marcilio Martins de Moraes, Flávia Carolina Lins da Silva, Elineide Barbosa de Souza, Luiz Palhares Neto, Cláudia Ulisses","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71132","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lippia origanoides, commonly known as 'alecrim-pimenta', is an aromatic shrub with pharmacological and agrochemical potential. Bacterial treatments enhance the overall stress response of the plant, affecting morphophysiological and biochemical parameters and stimulating the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of industrial relevance. This study aimed to determine the influence of bacterial inoculation on the morphophysiology, biochemistry, yield, and composition of L. origanoides essential oil under varying water availability. Plants were inoculated with different Bacillus strains: B. cereus (C240), B. megaterium (RAB2), B. subtilis (IN-937b), and a consortium of these bacterial strains. At 33 days after inoculation, plants were irrigated to 25 or 75% of pot capacity for 37 days, resulting in a total experimental period of 70 days. Biometric evaluations were performed at 16, 40, 54, and 68 days, physiological assessments at 19, 41, 55, and 69 days, and biochemical and essential oil analyses at the end of the experiment. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with Tukey and Bonferroni tests (p ≤ 0.05). Water availability was the main factor affecting morphophysiological parameters, as well-irrigated plants produced more vegetative and reproductive organs and water-limited plants accumulated osmoprotective compounds. Although the essential oil yield did not differ significantly among treatments, plants inoculated with bacterial strains produced terpenoids with antioxidant and insecticidal properties. The results demonstrate the potential of Bacillus inoculants to enhance secondary metabolism in L. origanoides, supporting sustainable bioproduct development and biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Multidimensional Challenges by Roots in the Life of a Plant.","authors":"Karl-Josef Dietz, Shanti S Sharma, Adam Solti, Sébastien Thomine","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71131","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Roots of vascular plants continuously explore the soil environment and optimize their growth behavior by stimulating or suppressing local growth depending on the spatially diverse environmental conditions of the rooting substrate. The developmental toolbox of roots comprises activity control of apical meristems, initiation and growth of root hairs, lateral and adventitious root formation and cambial growth and, cum grano salis, is well understood. The underlying molecular mechanisms have been described in some detail, in particular with respect to single environmental variables. In a converse manner, we have insufficient knowledge on root responses to heterogeneous and multifactorial soil environments in time and space although parameter gradients (temperature, water potentials, nutrients etc.), local accumulation of relevant beneficial or adverse compounds (nitrogen, phosphorous, other nutrients, heavy metals) and multifactorial challenges of synergistic, antagonistic or neutral interaction of the parameters are the rule rather than the exception. Taking into account that global climate change and pollution by anthropogenic sources add further components to this multifactorial environment, the understanding of the interaction between stressors has particular importance. Improved understanding of root growth and physiology in heterogeneous substrates and multifactorial stress environments is urgently needed to bridge the knowledge gap between controlled laboratory experiments and plant performance under real-life environmental conditions. The Special Issue on the topic \"Root responses to multifactorial environmental constraints\" aims at contributing innovative insight to narrow the knowledge gap with a focus on roots that are often neglected in current approaches. It should be noted that this editorial deals with the roots of vascular plants and that knowledge from model thallophytes is not included.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149063803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rol-Transformed Kalanchoë Shows Altered Root Allocation and Photosynthetic Responses to Nitrogen Deficiency.","authors":"Alessandro Esposito, Giorgia Saccardo, Yannick Valentin El Khoury, Natalia Prieto Vidal, Ondřej Vrobel, Petr Tarkowski, Martina Paponov, Jwan Goreal, Kai Lønne Nielsen, Ivan A Paponov","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71140","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ri/rol transformation by Rhizobium rhizogenes is well known to alter plant architecture, including shoot compactness, branching and root development. However, its significance for plant responses to nitrogen limitation remains unclear. Here, we investigated developmental, physiological and hormonal responses of an interspecific Kalanchoë laciniata × K. blossfeldiana hybrid to nitrogen deficiency using complementary pot and hydroponic experiments. Nitrogen deficiency strongly reduced leaf area and total biomass in both wild-type (WT) and rol-transformed (Rol) plants. Nevertheless, rol transformation consistently produced a more compact, highly branched phenotype, with increased leaf number, greater side-shoot formation, higher specific leaf area, lower leaf dry matter content, and, in hydroponics, a striking increase in root mass allocation. Rol plants also maintained higher chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations than WT and showed altered carbon partitioning, with lower soluble sugars but a higher relative proportion of sucrose. Under nitrogen deficiency, Rol plants maintained positive net photosynthesis and higher electron transport, whereas WT plants showed near-complete suppression of CO₂ assimilation despite high intercellular CO₂ concentration, pointing to strong non-stomatal limitation. Rol plants were characterized by lower ABA and PA concentrations, reduced auxin pools and enhanced leaf cytokinin status. Under low N, greater root allocation in Rol plants was not accompanied by reduced overall growth when root expansion was unrestricted, suggesting compensation through higher specific leaf area and maintenance of photosynthetic function. The strong shift towards root investment highlights a potential role of rol transformation in applications where belowground biomass and root development are especially relevant.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13639209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of H₂O₂ Micropipette Application on Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Chara Chloroplasts With Unimpaired and Short-Circuited H⁺ Flows.","authors":"Natalia A Krupenina, Alexander A Bulychev, Alexander A Cherkashin","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.71156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct of oxygenic photosynthesis. While the ways of H₂O₂ disposal in chloroplasts are mostly known, the influence of H₂O₂ on photosynthetic electron transport received less attention. According to various reports, H₂O₂ indirectly promotes electron transport on the acceptor side of photosystem I and activates cyclic electron transport (CET). Here the microinjection technique and PAM microfluorometry were applied to study the influence of H₂O₂ on linear and cyclic electron flows in internodal Chara cells. First, the cells loaded with a fluorogenic ROS-sensitive probe DCF were used to show that microinjection of H₂O₂ is followed by rapid intracellular penetration of H₂O₂ and its distribution with the streaming cytoplasm. Next, the regulatory influence of H₂O₂ on electron transport was examined in chloroplasts with unimpaired and short-circuited H⁺ flows. Linear electron transport (LET) was assessed with a Microscopy PAM fluorometer, whereas the inference on CET was based on measurements of the post-illumination rise of the chlorophyll fluorescence yield. The local application of H₂O₂ was followed by a temporary development of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). In chloroplasts uncoupled with nigericin, the NPQ development after H₂O₂ microinjection was eliminated, while the polarity and amplitude of H₂O₂-induced F' fluorescence changes were reverted and enhanced, respectively. Post-illumination fluorescence responses (PIFR) in Chara were large and comparable in extent to changes induced by intense light. The development of PIFR after preillumination was instantly collapsed upon H₂O₂ injection, indicating that the reaction product arising in the presence of H₂O₂ redirected electron flow from the cyclic route along the competitive linear pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Drought-Stress-Responsive Genes in Two Bermudagrass Genotypes.","authors":"Maryam Noor, Chen Zhao, Muhammad Tanveer Akhtar, Usman Nazir, Zhao Guoqi, Xuebing Yan","doi":"10.1111/ppl.71084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.71084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought inhibits grass development and survival. However, molecular-based studies on drought tolerance mechanisms in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) remain scarce. Therefore, a drought-resistant bermudagrass (Tianshui) and a drought-sensitive (Zhengzhou) genotype were selected and subjected to 28 days of 50% drought stress. Leaves were sampled for RNA sequencing. Under drought stress, 2410 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in which 1214 were upregulated (tolerant vs. sensitive) and 1196 downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that these specific DEGs are notably present in hormonal signal transduction pathways, flavonoids biogenesis, carbohydrate metabolic processes, abscisic acid-mediated pathways, MAPK signaling, and gluconeogenesis. Additionally, the plant hormone signal transduction pathway is predominantly linked to abscisic acid signal transduction, and many other plant hormones were also drought-responsive. The study specifically targeted genes associated with the antioxidant enzyme system, with a particular emphasis on responsive TFs such as MYB, bHLH, bZIP, GRAS, and WRKY. This study establishes the theoretical framework and identifies gene sources for the genetic enhancement and breeding of bermudagrass in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 5","pages":"e71084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}