Physiologia plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Light and Nutrient Stress Interactively Regulate Phenylpropanoid Metabolism via Substrate Competition and ROS/RNS Signaling.","authors":"Khairul Azree Rosli, Azizah Misran, Latifah Saiful Yazan, Puteri Edaroyati Megat Wahab","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70879","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants allocate fixed carbon between growth and defense based on environmental constraints, yet how light and nutrient interactively regulate this trade-off remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that high-light/low-nutrient combination synergistically enhances phenylpropanoid synthesis in Agastache rugosa via ROS/RNS signaling and substrate competition cascades. Plants were grown under factorial light (0% and 50% shade) and nutrient (40-160 mg kg^-1) levels in a nested design. Path analysis revealed that nutrient supply strongly promotes free amino acid accumulation (β = 0.789), which negatively regulates chalcone synthase activity (β = -0.412), confirming substrate competition between protein synthesis and phenylpropanoid production. Simultaneously, high-light increases hydrogen peroxide and inhibits nitric oxide levels (β = -0.811), yet these ROS/RNS molecules function as complementary signaling mediators that positively regulate shikimic acid synthesis and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity (β = 0.789). This dual regulatory mechanism increased shikimic acid and chalcone synthase activity under high-light/low-nutrient conditions by 6-fold and 5-fold, respectively, than low-light/low-nutrient treatment, resulting in increases in flavonoid and ascorbic acid content. Principal component analysis confirmed light conditions explain 52.5% of metabolic variance, with nutrient availability modulating response magnitude. These findings establish that environmental stress combinations elicit non-additive metabolic responses through integrated substrate competition and ROS/RNS signaling networks, providing a mechanistic framework for optimizing bioactive compound production in medicinal plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Stress Responses of Sesame: An Oilseed Crop Through Omics Approaches Against Abiotic Stress.","authors":"Mushtaq Ahmad Najar, Sneha Dey, Saptadipa Banerjee","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is widely recognized for its exceptional nutritional properties and is often referred to as the \"queen of oilseed crops.\" However, climate change has resulted in a substantial escalation of environmental stress, posing significant threats to sesame cultivation. These complex stressors, such as salinity, drought, waterlogging, and heat, have collectively reduced yields and severely impacted global sesame production. In 2023, the global market value of sesame was estimated at approximately USD 4.52 billion, underscoring its economic importance and the urgent need for intensified research. One of the major challenges to global sesame productivity is the multifaceted nature of these abiotic stresses. To unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms and stress response networks, various omics techniques, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics, have been employed. This study highlights the potential of a multi-omics-driven approach to understand how sesame adapts to environmental challenges through changes in gene expression, metabolic profiles, and protein function. Recent advancements in high-throughput phenotyping, combined with genotyping by sequencing (GBS), have provided deeper insights into stress-resilient traits in sesame. Furthermore, integrating multi-omics data with machine learning (ML) approaches offers promising avenues for developing climate-resilient sesame cultivars, contributing to a sustainable and diversified global oilseed supply in addition to the main marketed oil crops, such as mustard and soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priming Salt Resilience in Melon (Cucumis melo) via Pseudomonas oryzihabitans-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming.","authors":"Anastasia Papadopoulou, Ifigeneia Gkourmi, Theodora Matsi, Aliki Xanthopoulou, Kalliopi Kadoglidou, Aikaterini Triantafyllou, Katerina Karamanoli, Ifigeneia Mellidou","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70866","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a globally significant crop, yet its productivity is increasingly threatened by rising soil salinity in many cultivation areas. In this context, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance plant growth and improve tolerance to salinity stress. This study investigated the effect of inoculating melon seedlings with a previously characterized strain AXSa06 (identified as Pseudomonas oryzihabitans) under salt stress (250 mM NaCl), focusing on plant growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant responses, metabolomic profiles, nutrient balance, abscisic acid (ABA) levels, and expression of ABA signaling pathway genes. Inoculation improved the growth and photosynthetic performance of melon plants under salt stress, while reducing Na⁺ accumulation and facilitating better nutrient homeostasis. The elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT), along with the increased ABA content upon inoculation, pointed to a priming effect that prepared plants to manage oxidative stress, as evidenced by the reduced antioxidant activity upon stress. Expression of CmPYL9 and several CmPP2AC isoforms was upregulated only in inoculated stressed plants, suggesting improved ABA sensitivity and a fine-tuned transcriptional control of signaling. AXSa06-inoculated stressed plants also displayed notable metabolic reprogramming, primarily affecting carbohydrate metabolism, following shifts in TCA cycle metabolites already evident under control conditions. Taken together, these findings suggest that AXSa06 could serve as a promising biostimulant agent improving melon tolerance to salt stress by modulating physiological and biochemical responses. This study offers valuable insights into PGPR-driven stress priming and its role in developing strategies for sustainable crop production under saline conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem Shading Promotes Mannitol Accumulation in the Bark of Fraxinus ornus and Prevents Sucrose Transport in Roots Under Drought.","authors":"Sara Gargiulo, Sara Natale, Alessandro Pichierri, Martina Tomasella, Francesco Petruzzellis, Andrea Nardini, Valentino Casolo","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70894","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought induces the accumulation of osmolytes, including soluble non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), to support osmotic adjustment and hydraulic recovery. Bark has been proposed as a major site of sugar storage, with stem photosynthesis potentially contributing to NSC production and drought responses. Some species also accumulate polyols, such as mannitol, often linked to membrane protection. However, the allocation of carbon compounds among plant organs during drought and recovery remains unclear. In this study, Fraxinus ornus saplings were exposed to stem shading, followed by drought and recovery to investigate the single and combined effects of these factors on NSC allocation in bark, wood, and roots. Hydraulic parameters were measured alongside concentrations of glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, and mannitol under well-watered, drought, and recovery conditions. Stem shading increased xylem vulnerability to embolism and reduced glucose concentration in stems and roots, while other sugars and mannitol were unaffected. Drought triggered starch degradation and increased hydraulic conductance loss, regardless of light treatment. Sucrose concentration increased in bark and roots, especially in non-shaded plants, whereas mannitol increased mainly under combined drought and shading. During recovery, sucrose declined, whereas mannitol remained elevated. Our results indicate that carbon partitioning in F. ornus is strongly affected by drought and influenced by stem shading. Root sucrose appears central to whole-plant osmotic adjustment but is sensitive to shading. Mannitol, likely sustained by starch degradation, may instead support osmotic adjustment during recovery, representing a more carbon-efficient osmolyte.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Form-Dependent Roles of Nitrogen in Root Growth and Metabolic Adaptation of Spartina alterniflora to Increasing Water Scarcity.","authors":"Kaouthar Jeddi, Cristina Cruz, Kadambot H M Siddique, Kamel Hessini","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The responses of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. roots to the interactive effects of drought and nitrogen (N) form, and the underlying mechanisms involved, remain poorly understood. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to evaluate the effects of N form (NH₄ ⁺, NO₃ ^-, and NO₃ ^-/NH₄ ⁺) and increasing water deficit on root performance, including growth, metabolite profiles, antioxidant activity, and N metabolism. Under well-watered conditions, NH₄ ⁺-fed plants exhibited the greatest root growth, nearly double that of NO₃ ^--fed plants. However, this growth advantage was lost under mild (50% field capacity, FC) and severe (25% FC) drought stress. In contrast, drought stress enhanced root growth in NO₃ ^--fed plants relative to well-watered conditions. Under well-watered conditions, NH₄ ⁺ nutrition increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase compared to NO₃ ^- nutrition. Although drought stress further stimulated antioxidant enzyme activities in the roots of NH₄ ⁺-fed plants, this response did not mitigate drought-induced growth reductions. Antioxidant enzyme activities in the NO₃ ^-- and NO₃ ^-/NH₄ ⁺-fed plants were largely unaffected by drought, except for guaiacol peroxidase. Regardless of N form, glutamine synthetase activity increased under mild drought stress but declined under severe stress. Drought stress also enhanced glutamate dehydrogenase activity across all N treatments, particularly in NH₄ ⁺-fed plants, and was accompanied by increased total amino acid concentrations, especially proline. Despite these metabolic adjustments, drought stress reduced the overall performance of NH₄ ⁺-fed plants. These findings provide insights into N form-dependent drought responses and may help guide fertilizer management strategies to improve S. alterniflora productivity under water-limited conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Allocation at Species' Upper Limits: Treeline Betula ermanii vs. Nontreeline Picea jezoensis on the Changbai Mountain.","authors":"Renkai Dong, Hong S He, Haibo Du, Mai-He Li, Na Li, Yu Cong, Yan Li","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how treeline and nontreeline trees allocate carbon at their upper elevation limits is key to forecasting species shifts under climate warming. We compared a treeline deciduous broadleaf, Betula ermanii, with a nontreeline evergreen conifer, Picea jezoensis, at their species-specific upper limits and lower sites on Changbai Mountain. We measured leaf gas exchange and traced recent photoassimilates using in situ ¹³CO₂ pulse labeling. Within species, photosynthetic traits and carbon stocks did not differ between elevations, indicating no carbon-acquisition limitation. In contrast, allocation patterns diverged at the upper limits: B. ermanii retained a larger share of recent ¹³C aboveground and showed slower carbon flow with longer mean residence time in leaves, whereas P. jezoensis allocated more ¹³C belowground and exhibited faster turnover. These patterns indicate that aboveground carbon allocation is primarily determined by species-specific leaf habits (deciduous broadleaf vs. evergreen conifer), whereas belowground allocation is more strongly shaped by stress conditions associated with upper elevational limits. Patterns were consistent with the functional type driving aboveground allocation and elevation-related site context shaping belowground allocation. We infer that treeline B. ermanii prioritizes aboveground investment to maximize short-season carbon gain and support cold tolerance, while nontreeline P. jezoensis invests belowground to enhance resource uptake and cope with competition. Overall, contrasting sink-mediated allocation strategies, rather than source limitations, govern species responses at upper limits and inform predictions of composition, distribution, and upward migration under future climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70834"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Inventory and Refined Classification of the Ferredoxin Family in Archaeplastida.","authors":"Yanis Aoudache, Sofia Inturri, Benjamin Das Neves, Linda de Bont, Claire Remacle, Nicolas Rouhier","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferredoxins (FDXs) are ubiquitous proteins that bind iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters and usually catalyse electron transfer reactions. In eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, a relatively high number of [2Fe-2S] cluster-containing FDXs is present in plastids and mitochondria. These are mostly redox-active FDXs, except one mitochondrial FDX that no longer binds an Fe-S cluster and is a component of the respiratory complex I. We have performed a phylogenomic study to describe the content and distribution of FDXs in different phylogenetic groups of the Archaeplastida clade, including the two models Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Important differences exist since the number of FDXs ranges from four to 19. From the sequence characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, they cluster in 10 clades: eight containing plastidial FDXs and two mitochondrial FDXs. Six clades are present in most organisms, while four clades comprising plastidial FDXs (FDX5, FDX7, FDX8, and FDX9) are present in a small subset of organisms, mostly algae and lower Embryophytes; the FDX5 and FDX9 clades are even only present in Chlorophyceae. The expression patterns of these two FDXs in Chlamydomonas combined with the physiological and biochemical studies performed with FDX5 suggest specific roles of FDX5 in anoxia and of FDX9 in the dark. Structural analyses provide additional support to the functional divergence among plastidial FDXs. Overall, these analyses revealed the existence of an important diversity within the FDX family and allowed refining the FDX classification in Archaeplastida. It also provides clues for future physiological analyses to decipher the functions of the uncharacterised FDXs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Physiological and Omics Analyses Reveal Endophytic Streptomyces Regulates N and P Uptake, Utilization, and Crop Productivity Enhancement.","authors":"Kunpeng Cui, Jiawei Chen, Min Kuang, Haiyu Yang, Zhigang Bu, Xianqiu Xiong, Xuanming Liu, Yingjiao Hu, Rui Wang, Yongzhong Chen, Ting Xu, Yonghua Zhu","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inherent deficiency of available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in acidic soils severely limits productivity in agriculture and forestry. While plant-beneficial microorganisms offer a sustainable solution, the mechanisms by which endophytic actinobacteria regulate N and P absorption and utilization remain largely unexplored. In this study, we characterize Streptomyces sp. CoH27, an endophyte isolated from Camellia oleifera, which exhibits pronounced abilities in N fixation and insoluble P solubilization. Inoculation with CoH27 significantly promoted the growth of C. oleifera across different ages and propagation types, as evidenced by enhanced root architecture, improved photosynthetic parameters, and increased N and P absorption and utilization efficiencies. Physiological analyses revealed that CoH27 colonization upregulated the activity of key enzymes involved in organic acid synthesis and N assimilation in roots, thereby enhancing rhizosphere P mobilization and plant N utilization. Furthermore, CoH27 reshaped the rhizosphere microbiome, increasing bacterial diversity and the abundance of beneficial taxa, while reinforcing microbial networks. The driving effect of nutrient cycling was evidenced with enriched abundance of microbial genes involved in P solubilization (phnA, ppa) and N metabolism (nasA, narB, amoA, nxrA). Concurrently, transcriptomics identified the upregulation of critical transporter genes (CoPHT1;4, CoNRT2.5) and transcription factors in CoH27-inoculated roots, orchestrating improved N and P uptake and assimilation. The efficacy of CoH27 was further validated in Brassica napus L. and Capsicum annuum L., underscoring its potential as a versatile microbial inoculant to enhance sustainable crop production in acidic soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent Biochemical Strategies and Organ-Specific Metabolic Adjustments in Spinach Mediated by Exogenous Amino Acids Under Salt Stress.","authors":"Nezahat Turfan, Kübra Tekşen, Ergin Murat Altuner, Faruk Yıldız, Ozkan Kaya","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70845","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the physiological and biochemical responses of spinach to salt stress through amino acid supplementation is crucial for improving crop resilience under increasing soil salinity conditions. Salt stress represents one of the most severe abiotic constraints limiting vegetable crop productivity worldwide, yet comprehensive studies examining organ-specific metabolic reprogramming across entire plant systems remain limited. However, knowledge about how different amino acids mediate these responses through distinct metabolic pathways is limited. We investigated mineral nutrition, antioxidant defense systems, and secondary metabolite profiles of spinach supplemented with three amino acids (asparagine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan) under salt stress conditions. Amino acid type, salt treatment, and organ significantly influenced all measured parameters (p ≤ 0.0001). Asparagine consistently demonstrated comprehensive protective effects, excluding toxic ions while promoting calcium uptake, maintaining photosynthetic capacity, and dramatically enhancing flavonol biosynthesis (quercetin and rutin accumulation increased several-fold) under combined stress compared to other treatments. Phenylalanine excelled in ionic homeostasis restoration, achieving superior Na/K ratio reduction and enhanced phenylpropanoid pathway activation through elevated cinnamic acid biosynthesis. Tryptophan uniquely triggered exceptional divalent cation accumulation (6-10-fold increases in magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus) and maximally enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, though with notable protein synthesis trade-offs. Organ-specific accumulation patterns revealed leaves as primary sites for photosynthetic pigments and phenolic compounds, roots as storage organs for specialized flavonoids and catechins, and petioles showing exceptional rutin accumulation. These findings demonstrate that amino acid selection fundamentally reshapes metabolic priorities in salt-stressed spinach through divergent yet complementary biochemical strategies. We conclude that amino acid selection significantly influences spinach resilience to salt stress through divergent metabolic reprogramming strategies, with each amino acid offering distinct advantages depending on cultivation priorities. Differential metabolic responses between amino acids provide insights for precision agriculture applications, while the quantitative biochemical patterns identified offer valuable parameters for optimizing amino acid supplementation strategies under saline conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Biological Responses to Green Light: A Step Toward Optogenetics-Based Smart Agriculture.","authors":"Xiuhong Zhou, Jiaying Cao, Pedro García-Caparrós, Miqi Xu, Jun-Jie Ling","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light exerts a profound influence on plant growth and development, functioning both as a primary energy source and as a critical environmental signal. Red light (RL) and blue light (BL) are the principal spectral regions driving photosynthesis, and consequently promoting autotrophic growth. Compared with RL and BL, green light (GL) has long been considered an inefficient component of the photosynthetically active radiation spectrum in terrestrial plants and has been reported to play a contradictory role in plant development. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of GL's implications for plant developmental processes. Considering that the lack of a specific GL receptor has frustrated the utilization of GL, we discussed the possible photoreceptors that may mediate GL responses in terrestrial plants. Furthermore, we highlight the promising applications of GL-based optogenetics strategies for smart agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"178 2","pages":"e70844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}