Physiologia plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Future-proofing ornamental plants: Cutting-edge strategies for drought resistance and sustainability.","authors":"Sadaruddin Chachar, Nazir Ahmed, Xiu Hu","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought stress presents a significant challenge to ornamental horticulture, affecting plant growth, aesthetic qualities, and overall resilience. As the demand for aesthetically pleasing and sustainable landscapes continues to rise, the development of drought-resistant ornamental plants becomes increasingly critical. While traditional breeding methods are effective, they are time-consuming and labor-intensive, necessitating the integration of advanced technologies to accelerate the creation of resilient cultivars. Despite significant progress in understanding plant responses to drought stress, a gap remains in effectively translating this knowledge into practical breeding strategies for ornamental species. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the multifaceted impact of drought stress on ornamental plants, focusing on its effects on plant morphology, physiology, biochemical processes, and aesthetic value. We explore key physiological adaptations, including alterations in morphology, metabolism, and biochemical pathways, as well as molecular responses involving phytohormones, transcription factors, and epigenetic regulation. Additionally, we discuss cutting-edge technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, synthetic biology, and digital phenotyping, which offer promising strategies for developing drought-tolerant ornamental cultivars. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone alterations, provide plants with the ability to \"remember\" past stress events, enhancing future resilience. The integration of multi-omics approaches, advanced breeding techniques, and digital tools accelerates the identification of key drought-responsive genes and traits. Finally, we highlight the future directions for ornamental horticulture, focusing on the potential of epigenetic engineering, synthetic biology, and high-throughput phenotyping to create more resilient and aesthetically pleasing plants. These innovative approaches can contribute to sustainable horticultural practices and enhance the aesthetic and ecological value of ornamental plants in a changing climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 3","pages":"e70255"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knocking out the caleosin-encoding gene GmCLO1 improves soybean resistance to common cutworm.","authors":"Linyan Cai, Xiao Li, Mengshan Zhang, Xiangyun Gan, Deyue Yu, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The jasmonic acid (JA) pathway is central for plant defence against herbivores, and genes related to this pathway have received increased attention. Here, we evaluated the functions of the allene oxide cyclase (AOC)-encoding gene GmAOC3 and the caleosin-encoding gene GmCLO1, which may affect JA synthesis in soybean, and explored the anti-insect mechanisms of these two genes. The overexpression of GmAOC3 increased soybean resistance to the common cutworm (CCW). The strongest resistance to CCW was observed in the GmAOC3-overexpressing line GmAOC3-OE-1. Whole-genome resequencing and expression analysis revealed that in this line, GmCLO1 silencing was caused by insertion of the GmAOC3 gene into the GmCLO1 sequence. GmCLO1 expression responded to CCW induction. Compared with the controls, the knockdown or knockout of GmCLO1 increased soybean resistance to CCW. Conversely, the overexpression of GmCLO1 decreased CCW resistance. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the gmclo1-knockout line shared 653 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 87 differentially abundant metabolites with the GmAOC3-OE line. Among these common DEGs, anti-insect genes related to JA, such as the 9-lipoxygenase gene Glyma.13G347800, the vegetative storage protein gene Glyma.08G200100, and the trypsin inhibitor gene Glyma.06G219900, showed upregulated expressions in both lines. Additionally, JA and JA-isoleucine contents were notably elevated in the GmAOC3-OE-1 line but decreased in the GmCLO1-overexpressing line. Measurements of yield-related traits revealed that GmAOC3 overexpression and/or GmCLO1 knockout did not affect soybean yield. In conclusion, we identified two new target genes for insect-resistant soybean breeding and contributed to an in-depth understanding of the JA-mediated insect resistance mechanisms in soybeans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 3","pages":"e70260"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional Tuning: How Auxin Strikes Unique Chords in Gene Regulation.","authors":"Joseph S Taylor, Bastiaan O R Bargmann","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Auxin is a central regulator of plant growth, development, and responses to environmental cues. How a single phytohormone mediates such a diverse array of developmental responses has remained a longstanding question in plant biology. Somehow, perception of the same auxin signal can lead to divergent responses in different organs, tissues, and cell types. These responses are primarily mediated by the nuclear auxin signaling pathway, composed of ARF transcription factors, Aux/IAA repressors, and TIR1/AFB auxin receptors, which act together to regulate auxin-dependent transcriptional changes. Transcriptional specificity likely arises through the functional diversity within these signaling components, forming many coordinated regulatory layers to generate unique transcriptional outputs. These layers include differential binding affinities for cis-regulatory elements, protein-protein interaction-specificity, subcellular localization, co-expression patterns, and protein turnover. In this review, we explore the experimental evidence of functional diversity within auxin signaling machinery and discuss how these differences could contribute to transcriptional output specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 3","pages":"e70229"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of 'Divadona' peach on Rootpac 20 and Rootpac 40 under drought and heat stress adaptation and its recovery mechanisms.","authors":"Meral Dogan, Ibrahim Bolat, Metin Turan, Ozkan Kaya","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change-induced drought and heat stress pose significant challenges to global peach production, threatening agricultural sustainability and food security. This study, therefore, investigated the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of the 'Divadona'peach cultivar grafted onto two different rootstocks (Rootpac 20 and Rootpac 40) under drought stress, heat shock, and their combination. We aimed to identify superior rootstock performances and understand stress tolerance mechanisms for improved cultivation strategies. Our findings revealed that combined stress induced the most severe impacts, with Rootpac 40 demonstrating superior stress tolerance. Under combined stresses, relative shoot diameter decreased less in Rootpac 40/'Divadona' (19.75%) compared to Rootpac 20/'Divadona', while relative shoot length showed similar patterns. Antioxidant enzyme activities increased significantly, with POD showing the highest elevation in Rootpac 40/'Divadona' compared to Rootpac 20/'Divadona. Stress markers exhibited substantial accumulation, with MDA content rising more in Rootpac 20/'Divadona' than in Rootpac 40/'Divadona'. Nutrient analysis showed that Rootpac 40/'Divadona' maintained higher levels of essential nutrients under stress, with nitrogen content declining less compared to Rootpac 20/'Divadona'. The study demonstrated that Rootpac 40/'Divadona' possesses superior stress tolerance mechanisms through better maintenance of growth parameters, enhanced antioxidant defense systems, and improved nutrient retention capacity. These findings provide valuable insights for fruit growing, enabling informed rootstock selection for peach cultivation in drought-prone regions, ultimately contributing to more resilient and sustainable fruit production systems under changing climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 3","pages":"e70250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12056577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A minute-scale P515 kinetic traces light-driven proton gradient formation in dark-incubated Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.","authors":"Milena Zhivkovikj, Marcel Dann, Maysoon Noureddine, Martin Lehmann, Dario Leister","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The light-driven formation of a proton-motive force (pmf) across thylakoid membranes is crucial for ATP synthesis and photosynthesis in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. Cyclic electron flow (CEF) around photosystem (PS) I is hypothesized to be a key contributor to pmf formation, but direct observation of CEF in vivo remains a major challenge. As one possible proxy, pmf formation can be measured on a millisecond scale using electrochromic shifts (ECS) of thylakoid pigments conventionally observed in plants through absorbance changes at a wavelength of 515 nm (P515). In this study, we describe a new P515 signal in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, which can be observed on a time-scale of seconds to minutes upon red actinic light treatment. Treatments with uncouplers of electrochemical gradients and inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain indicate that the signal primarily traces proton gradient formation across the thylakoid membrane and suggest a major ECS contribution, but its precise origin remains to be deciphered. Still, the measuring routine allowed for phenotypic distinction between mutants with altered capacities for NDH- and PGR5-dependent CEF around PSI, thus enabling future research on both CEF pathways and photosynthetic trans-thylakoid pmf formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 3","pages":"e70242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Plant modeling: opportunities and challenges\" symposium, a snapshot of the research landscape.","authors":"Luka Lelas, Philippe Andrey, Nicolas Arnaud, Betty Cottyn, Marine Froissard, Magalie Uyttewaal, Jasmine Burguet","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70160"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved photorespiration has a major impact on the root metabolome of Arabidopsis.","authors":"Stefan Timm, Alexandra Florian, Saleh Alseekh, Kathrin Jahnke, Martin Hagemann, Alisdair R Fernie, Hermann Bauwe","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photorespiration is an essential metabolic repair process in oxygenic photosynthesis, as it detoxifies Rubisco's inhibitory oxygenase byproduct, 2-phosphoglycolate (2-PG). It has been demonstrated that improving endogenous photorespiration in C3 plants through enzyme overexpression can enhance photosynthesis and promote plant growth. However, the potential impact of improved photorespiration in leaves on heterotrophic roots remained unexplored. To address this, we conducted a metabolome analysis of Arabidopsis leaves and roots using transgenic lines with enhanced glycine decarboxylase (GDC) activity, achieved by overexpressing the mitochondrial lipoamide dehydrogenase (mtLPD1) subunit. In the leaves, mtLPD1 overexpression primarily resulted in reduced steady-state levels of intermediates associated with photorespiration, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and soluble sugars, while intermediates related to nitrogen metabolism were elevated. In roots, where mtLPD1 expression was unchanged, we observed contrasting accumulation patterns in the transgenic lines compared to the wildtype, including increased levels of photorespiratory and TCA-cycle intermediates. Notably, we also detected elevated amounts of soluble sugars, nitrate, and starch. Phloem exudate analysis revealed altered metabolite profiles in the overexpressors, particularly with respect to photorespiratory intermediates linked to the GDC reaction, as well as soluble sugars and metabolites involved in cellular redox homeostasis. This suggested an increased transport of these metabolites from shoots to roots, thereby altering sink organ metabolism. In summary, we hypothesize that optimizing photorespiration enhances photosynthesis, which leads to an increased export of carbon surplus to heterotrophic tissues. Thus, improving photorespiration may hold potential for increasing yields in beet- and tuber-forming plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70142"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The HmERF1-HmbZIP1 module increases powdery mildew resistance by inhibiting HmSWEET1 sugars transporting in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance.","authors":"Liu Hanbing, Liu Junxia, Zhang Yong, Cao Ning, Jiang Xinmei, Tong Xuejiao, Yu Xihong, Cheng Yao","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Powdery mildew (PM) caused by Eeysiphe heraclei is a serious concern in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. E. heraclei is a biotrophic fungus that absorbs glucose as the major carbon energy source, using haustoria after infection. However, the mechanisms of sugar efflux from host cells to the fungus remain undetermined. Our previous study revealed that E. heraclei infection altered sugar transfer and distribution in H. moellendorffii, and that increased sugar concentrated in the infected regions. Here, RNA-sequencing was used to identify a key sugar transporter, HmSWEET1, which transported hexose sugars. Overexpression or silencing of the HmSWEET1 gene in H. moellendorffii enhanced or reduced resistance to PM by regulating sugar concentrations in infection sites. Further analysis identified two key transcription factors, HmERF1 and HmbZIP1, which are bound to the HmSWEET1 promoter, inhibit the gene expression. Furthermore, overexpression of HmERF1 and HmbZIP1 in H. moellendorffii enhanced plant resistance to PM by interfering with the ability of HmSWEET1 to transport sugars, thereby decreasing the sugar concentrations in infected leaf areas. Moreover, HmERF1 interaction with HmbZIP1 in H. moellendorffii further enhanced plant resistance. The results identified a novel HmERF1-HmbZIP1-HmSWEET1 module, which strengthened PM' resistance by reducing sugar supplies in H. moellendorffii through suppression of sugar transport by HmSWEET1.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic regulation and beyond in grapevine-pathogen interactions: a biotechnological perspective.","authors":"João Proença Pereira, Ivan Bevilacqua, Rita B Santos, Serena Varotto, Walter Chitarra, Luca Nerva, Andreia Figueiredo","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As one of the most important crop plants worldwide, understanding the mechanisms underlying grapevine response to pathogen attacks is key to achieving a productive and sustainable viticulture. Recently, epigenetic regulation in plant immunity has gained significant traction in the scientific community, not only for its role in gene expression regulation but also for its heritability, giving it enormous biotechnological potential. Epigenetic marks have been shown to be dynamically modulated in key genomic regions upon infection, with some being maintained after such, being responsible for priming defense genes. In grapevine, however, knowledge of epigenetic mechanisms is still limited, especially regarding biotic stress responses, representing a glaring gap in knowledge in this important crop plant. Here, we report and integrate current knowledge on grapevine epigenetic regulation as well as non-epigenetic non-coding RNAs in the response to biotic stress. We also explore how epigenetic marks may be useful in grapevine breeding for resistance, considering different approaches, from uncovering and exploiting natural variation to inducing it through different means.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfluidic communications in characean internodes at neutral and alkaline external pH.","authors":"Alexander A Bulychev, Natalia A Krupenina","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracellular communications mediated by cytoplasmic streaming compensate for the slowness of diffusion on large scale distances. In characean internodes, cyclosis serves to smooth concentration gradients related to local structural distinctions, irregular spotted illumination, and patterned profiles of external pH. In dimly lit Chara cells, the fluidic transmission of reducing equivalents from the spot of bright light incidence to a remote analyzed area transiently elevates the actual yield of chlorophyll fluorescence (F') under natural acidic zones with little effect on F' under alkaline bands. Here, the natural formation of alkaline zones was imitated by placing the internodal cell part into a solution with a pH of 9.5. Using PAM microfluorometry, we found that chloroplasts located under an alkaline solution retained the perception of reducing equivalents transported with the fluid flow but, in addition, became responsive to another transportable metabolite that promoted strong quenching of both F'_m and F' fluorescence. The superposition of oppositely directed F' responses to distinct cyclosis-transported metabolites resulted in the seeming suppression of microfluidic interactions between distant chloroplasts. The action potential generation did not affect F'_m fluorescence (an indicator of non-photochemical quenching, NPQ) when the cell was bathed at neutral pH but induced strong NPQ in the high pH solution. We propose that the restricted CO₂ supply at high external pH induces the rearrangement of electron transport to alternative pathways, which elevates the background level of NPQ-promoting metabolite (supposedly H₂O₂), thus enhancing the chloroplast sensitivity to H₂O₂ portions delivered with the fluid flow from the region subjected to intense local light.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70211"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}