Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of pathogenesis-related protein expression in Gossypium hirsutum L. to elicitor-induced resistance against cotton leaf curl disease and predicted in-silico protein-protein interactions","authors":"Muhammad Fahad Khan ,&nbsp;Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi ,&nbsp;Adnan Iqbal ,&nbsp;Seth Alan Steichen ,&nbsp;Amjad Ali ,&nbsp;Rana Muhammad Amir Gulzar ,&nbsp;Judith K. Brown ,&nbsp;Ummad Ud Din Umar","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) can offer an effective management strategy for plant diseases. Pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression was investigated in <em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> plants in response to SAR induced by the exogenous application of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and benzothiadiazole as elicitors, followed by inoculation with <em>Cotton leaf</em> curl <em>Multan virus</em> (CLCuMuV). Expression of cotton, PR genes encoded on multiple loci were determined by qPCR. Primers were designed based on sequence regions conserved in each group of aligned gene targets in the annotated <em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> reference genome assembly. While designing primers for gene expression analysis, the copy number variation (CNV) was mitigated using bioinformatics and alignment tools to craft primers specific to their target genes. Gene expression of pathogenesis-related proteins such as PR1, PR4, PR5, β 1,3 glucanase, and chitinase was quantified by qPCR. In silico protein interactions were predicted between the five PR and begomoviral proteins using Phyre 2. The results indicated that all the PR genes were expressed on the 2^nd date of analysis. The exogenous benzothiadiazole (BTH) application significantly increased all PR gene expression and suppressed the virus infection. The application of BTH after virus inoculation significantly enhanced systemic acquired resistance, which indicates that virus infection initially triggered SAR, and subsequent application of elicitor, i.e., BTH, further facilitated the signal transduction for the expression of PR genes. In silico interactions predicted significant interactions between CLCuMuV coat protein (AV1) gene and Chitinase, PR1, PR5, whereas the replication-associated gene, AC1, interacted with PR1. Results indicate that cotton PR genes suppress the CLCuMuV infection in <em>G</em>. <em>hirsutum</em> plants. The identified PR genes could be exploited to enhance resistance through genetic transformation in cotton plants to control CLCuMuV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 102611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles mitigate charcoal rot and root-knot nematode disease complex in faba bean","authors":"Alyaa Nasr ,&nbsp;Ahmed Fathy Yousef ,&nbsp;Mohamed G.A. Hegazy ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Abdel-Mageed ,&nbsp;Ezzat H. Elshazly ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Gad ,&nbsp;Sobhi F. Lamlom ,&nbsp;Islam I. Teiba ,&nbsp;Gamal A. Gouda ,&nbsp;Waleed M. Ali ,&nbsp;Ahmed A.S. Abd-Elraheem ,&nbsp;Asmaa El-Nagar ,&nbsp;Guo-Ping Zhu ,&nbsp;Mohamed A.A. Seleim","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synergistic interaction between charcoal rot disease caused by <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em> and root-knot nematodes (<em>Meloidogyne</em> spp.) severely hampers faba bean productivity. This study evaluates the potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), using lemon leaf extract, as dual-action biocontrol agents against this disease complex. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the AgNPs' nanoscale size (38.31 nm), crystalline nature, functional groups (O-H and C=O), and high charge stability. <em>In vitro</em> assays revealed up to 71.1 % inhibition of <em>M. phaseolina</em> growth and 100 % juvenile mortality of <em>M. javanica</em> at 100 ppm. Greenhouse trials demonstrated AgNPs’ efficacy in reducing disease severity (66.67 %) and nematode populations (99.27 %), alongside enhancing plant growth, phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities. These findings highlight AgNPs as a sustainable, eco-friendly alternative to chemical treatments, addressing complex plant diseases and fostering resilient agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of Pratylenchus coffeae using recombinase polymerase amplification assay with lateral flow dipsticks","authors":"Caiyun Wu,&nbsp;Xueliang Xu,&nbsp;Linjuan Fan,&nbsp;Jian Yao,&nbsp;Zirong Liu,&nbsp;Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Yingjuan Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pratylenchus coffeae</em> is a migratory endoparasitic nematode that causes root rot in a wide range of crops, resulting in enormous financial losses each year. The rapid and accurate detection of <em>P. coffeae</em> is crucial for controlling and combating the disease of root rot. We designed species-specific primers and probes based on the parasite's rDNA-ITS sequence and developed a rapid <em>P. coffeae</em> detection method employing a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay. The RPA reaction can be completed in 5–30 min at 38 °C without the application of a thermal cycling instrument and has an optimal time of 25 min. The amplification results can be directly observed on the test strip in 3–5 min. We validated the RPA assay and showed that it accurately detects <em>P. coffeae</em> in infested host tissues and soil samples, including nematodes from complex and diverse geographic populations. The RPA-lateral flow dipstick(RPA-LFD)assay has a detection limit of 0.01 ng/μL pure gDNA, making it 100 times more sensitive than traditional polymerase chain reaction assays. The results indicate that the RPA assay is a sensitive, rapid, practical, and visual method for the rapid detection and diagnosis of <em>P. coffeae</em> from infested fields and the RPA-LFD assay is accessible for point-of-service or lab-in-a-suitcase diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of composite biological control agent in postharvest preservation of cherry tomatoes","authors":"Fanyue Meng ,&nbsp;Mozhen Cheng ,&nbsp;Ziqi Zhou ,&nbsp;Peiwen Wang ,&nbsp;Shusen Liu ,&nbsp;Zhao Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengfeng Song ,&nbsp;Xiuling Chen ,&nbsp;Aoxue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological control has become an increasingly important means of post-harvest disease control due to its green and efficient advantages. This approach is gaining growing attention from people. Here, a biocontrol bacterium capable of effectively antagonizing the <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> pathogen was isolated from the rhizosphere soil collected in Tibet, China. The strain was identified through physiological, biochemical, and taxonomic analysis as <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> XZA. We combined XZA with the biocontrol bacterium Bs-9 (<em>Bacillus siamensis</em>) preserved in our laboratory to form a composite biocontrol agent. To enhance the biocontrol efficiency of the composite agent, we identified the most suitable synergist. The results showed that the biocontrol effect of the composite agent was better than that of the single biocontrol agent, and it exhibited even better biocontrol effects after the addition of the appropriate synergist. After spraying the composite biocontrol agent, the water loss rate of post-harvest cherry tomatoes (<em>S. lycopersicum</em> var. <em>cerasiforme</em>) was reduced. Additionally, the biocontrol agent can form a biofilm on the surface of the tomatoes and secrete volatile antimicrobial substances, effectively preventing the occurrence of post-harvest tomato diseases. Therefore, this biocontrol agent has excellent application value and can be used for the biological control of post-harvest diseases in cherry tomatoes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular screening of diverse Tomato germplasm for root-knot nematode resistance using the Mi23 marker","authors":"Parnaz Mortazavi ,&nbsp;Amjad Ali ,&nbsp;Muhammed Tatar ,&nbsp;Fatih Ölmez ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tanveer Altaf ,&nbsp;Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ,&nbsp;Hayriye Yildiz Dasgan ,&nbsp;Boran Ikiz ,&nbsp;Tuğçe Temtek ,&nbsp;Ömer Faruk Bilgin ,&nbsp;Ayşe Mücahitoğlu ,&nbsp;Mahmut Bayram ,&nbsp;Ahmad Alsaleh ,&nbsp;Faheem Shehzad Baloch","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.), an important vegetable and horticultural crop, provides significant health benefits. The quality and yield of tomato plants are drastically impacted by root-knot nematode (RKN) a group of obligate parasites. In the current study, 212 tomato genotypes collected from diverse geographical regions, including Türkiye, France, Taiwan, and others, were molecularly screened using the Mi23 primer pair (Mi23-F/Mi23-R) to detect the presence of the <em>Mi-1.2</em> resistance gene. The results of the molecular screening revealed that a total of six genotypes: three homozygous genotypes, Romitel-RHT 3 (France), AVTO0102-CLN2366B, and AVTO0101-CLN2413D (Taiwan), and three heterozygous genotypes, Aysbars-F1, Italian Field (To-23), and Red Pole (To-25) (Türkiye) amplified with a required band size of 380 bp. Notably, 206 genotypes including those from the USA Germany, and Kyrgyzstan, lacked the Mi-1.2 resistance gene, exhibiting susceptibility to RKN. These findings highlight the significance role of molecular markers in identifying and utilizing nematode-resistant genes to enhance tomato breeding programs for robust and disease-resistant cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression profiling of pathogenicity factors in Puccinia triticina race 162-A","authors":"Mohsin Iqbal ,&nbsp;Vishal Gupta ,&nbsp;Biswajit Brahma ,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Zakir Amin ,&nbsp;Fayaz A. Mohiddin ,&nbsp;Suhail Ashraf ,&nbsp;Osama B. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Fares A. Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Ritu Rani","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Puccinia triticina</em>, the causal agent of brown rust, is a significant pathogen of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) responsible for substantial yield reductions globally. This study focused on the molecular characterization and pathogenicity analysis of <em>P. triticina</em> Race 162-A, which has emerged as the predominant and rapidly evolving race in northern India. Uredospores of Race 162-A were obtained from the Regional Station of the Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Flowerdale, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, for subsequent investigation. A 334 base pair fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COX-1) gene was amplified from the genomic DNA of Race 162-A using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplicon was subsequently cloned into the pTZ57R/T vector and subjected to Sanger sequencing. Comparative sequence analysis of the obtained sequence (GenBank Accession No. MN718664) revealed no nucleotide polymorphisms in Race 162-A relative to other <em>P. triticina</em> races. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four distinct clades, designated as Clades A, B, C, and D. Clade A comprised races of <em>Puccinia triticina</em> and exhibited close evolutionary relatedness to Clade B, which contained <em>P. graminis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em> races. In contrast, Clades C and D were phylogenetically divergent from Clades A and B, encompassing <em>P. striiformis</em> and <em>P. coronata</em> races, respectively. The temporal expression profiles of four genes—PtMAPK1, PtCYC1, PtCNB, and PtRTP—were analyzed at various time points post-inoculation in both a moderately resistant wheat cultivar (HD 2967) and a susceptible cultivar (Agra Local). The observed expression patterns of these genes suggested their potential role in pathogen establishment within the host. In the susceptible cultivar, the expression levels of all four genes exhibited a significant upregulation at 4 days after inoculation (DAI), corresponding with the pathogen's infection establishment phase. Contrastingly, in the moderately resistant cultivar (HD 2967), elevated expression of these genes persisted until 10 DAI. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis clarified the functional roles of these genes in wheat resistance. The analysis revealed important interactions involved in stress signalling, protein folding, and calcium signalling pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-cultural and whole genome based phylogenetic characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum VCG 0111 (Race 1) inciting cotton wilt: A new record from India","authors":"Anil Kumar Saini ,&nbsp;Shubham Saini ,&nbsp;Anil Kumar ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Rajeshkumar K.C. ,&nbsp;Karmal Singh ,&nbsp;Satish Kumar Sain ,&nbsp;Kishor Kumar ,&nbsp;Anil Jakhar ,&nbsp;Shiwani Mandhania ,&nbsp;Shubham Lamba","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>vasinfectum</em> (FOV) (Atk.) W.C. Snyder &amp; H.N. Hansen, incitant of cotton wilt, is a devastating pathogen of crop across the globe and characterised by more than 21 vegetative compatibility groups. To date, only one vegetative compatibility group FOV VCG0114 (Race 4) is known to infect cotton crop in India. However, during <em>July</em> 2024 emergence of a vascular-competent, nematode-dependent pathotype was recorded from Haryana (India). Whole genome based phylogenetic analysis supported by pathogenicity tests confirmed the associated causal organism as <em>F. oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>vasinfectum</em> VCG 0111. To our knowledge, this is the seminal report of <em>F. oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>vasinfectum</em> VCG 0111 (Race 1) inciting cotton wilt in India and it underscores the need for heightened vigilance and robust management strategies to mitigate the potential threat to cotton cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of humidity variations at different distances from the lake surface on rhizosphere microbiota of Trifolium repens L","authors":"Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Meiling Ping ,&nbsp;Xiaowan Geng ,&nbsp;Keqing Lin ,&nbsp;Boyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhai ,&nbsp;Yizhen Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil at varying distances from the lake surface, which has different moisture levels, affects rhizosphere microorganisms. Yet the microbial conditions of <strong><em>Trifolium repens</em> L.</strong> at various distances from lakes are poorly understood. Investigating microbial composition and abundance at different moisture aids in lakefront ecosystem management. Using high-throughput sequencing, we examined the soil multifunctionality of <em>T. repens</em>, across lake distances. The results show soil moisture differentially impacts plant phenotype, bacterial and fungal diversity, structure, and function. Places remote from the lake, which have low soil moisture levels, exhibit varying biomass, the highest alpha diversity, and complex bacterial structures. These differences in microbial structure and function partially influence soil multifunctionality, ultimately leading to varying biomass of <em>T. repens</em> at various distances from the lake. Notably, the fungi display the broadest diversity of phyla, with Basidiomycota play pivotal role in the growth of <em>T. repens</em>. These findings highlight the critical role of <strong>distances from the lake surface</strong> in shaping rhizosphere microbial diversity and function, with implications for plant growth and ecosystem management in lakefront environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol of Fusarium spp. and plant growth promoting efficacy of Bacillus velezensis strain SS_BR06 isolated from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh ,&nbsp;Shivannegowda Mahadevakumar ,&nbsp;Siddaiah Chandranayaka ,&nbsp;Shreedharmurthy Satish","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to identify potential endophytic bacteria that can promote the growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and have antagonistic activities against the phytopathogen that causes wilt disease. In this study, 53 endophytic bacteria were isolated from eggplant and screened against <em>Fusarium</em> spp. isolated from wilt-affected areas. The pathogenicity of <em>F. oxysporum</em> was confirmed and was inhibited by two bacterial strains, SS_BR06 and SS_BR09. However, a potent bacterial strain, SS_BR06, with various plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits and better inhibition against <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> was selected. Selected strain SS_BR06 was identified using 16S rDNA homologies as <em>Bacillus velezensis</em>. The strain exhibited PGP traits such as phosphate solubilization (61.26 μg ml⁻¹), nitrogen fixation, production of IAA (12.8 μg ml⁻¹), ammonia, ACC deaminase, siderophore, and hydrolytic enzymes. In addition, strain SS_BR06 enhanced the seedling growth parameters, such as the fresh and dry weight, length of the root and shoot, and the photosynthetic pigments (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). Fluorescent microscopy showed bacterial colonization in inoculated seedling roots. Surfactin and iturin lipopeptides were found by LC-MS and PCR. Live-dead staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed cell death and deformation in <em>F. oxysporum</em> mycelia treated with lipopeptide extract and bacterial suspension. Finally, reduction in severity of the disease and upregulation of defense-related enzyme production, such as SOD, POD, PPO, and PAL after bacterial treatment, confirmed the biocontrol potential and induction of systemic resistance. In conclusion, the present investigation reveals the potential of strain SS_BR06 in PGP of eggplant and environmentally friendly suppression of <em>F. oxysporum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variability in the 3′UTR RNA1 of tomato torrado virus: Implications for virus transmission by whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)","authors":"Marta Budziszewska,&nbsp;Patryk Frąckowiak,&nbsp;Arnika Przybylska,&nbsp;Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) is a whitefly-transmitted pathogen causing tomato necrosis. ToTV's genome consists of two positive single-stranded RNAs, with significant variability observed in RNA1. This study verified the hypothesis that deletions in the 3′untranslated region (UTR) of RNA1 affect virus acquisition and its spreading to healthy plants. We found that ToTV-Kra (wild-type RNA1, referred to as var1) as well as its shortened variants, with different length deletions in 3′UTR RNA1 (referred to as var2Δ6, var3Δ49, var4Δ44, and var5Δ163), along with wild-type RNA2 were acquired and spread by <em>Trialeurodes vaporariorum</em>, leading to necrosis in tomatoes. Analysis of the RNA1 and RNA2 quantities detected in stylets revealed that, in most variants, RNA2 was more abundant than RNA1. The highest viral RNA levels (RNA1 and 2) and the most efficient transmission were observed for the longest ToTV-Kra variants (var1, var2Δ6), whereas var5Δ163, the shortest variant along with the longest one exhibited a higher RNA1 titer in insect stylets. Overall, the longest RNA1 variant enabled the most efficient virus uptake from source plants.</div><div>While the mechanisms underlying the emergence of deletion variants remain unexplored, notable differences exist in viral load in whiteflies and subsequent replication in plants. On this basis, we assumed that 3′UTR variability may be an evolutionary adaptation of ToTV to transmission mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}