Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Harnessing compost and vermicompost for sustainable and effective management of plant-parasitic nematodes in agricultural systems: A critical review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a significant threat to global agricultural productivity, necessitating effective control measures. Although chemical nematicides have demonstrated efficacy, their adverse environmental, human health, and climate change impacts raise concerns. However, the use of organic amendments such as compost and vermicompost offers sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives for PPNs management, thereby promoting environmental preservation and human safety as well as mitigating climate changes and global worming influences. The Potential of compost and vermicompost to control PPNs has been widely investigated. However, the key mechanisms by which compost and vermicompost control PPNs have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this review comprehensively evaluates the effectiveness of compost and vermicompost in managing PPNs, and elucidates the key mechanisms underlying their nematicidal activity. These mechanisms encompass changes in soil properties including pH, organic matter, and humic material; the release of nematotoxic compounds such as nitrogenous compounds, phenolic substances, and fatty acids; and overall enhancement of plant physiological strategies that contribute to the enhancement of plant defense against PPNs. By synthesizing and criticizing existing research, this review lays a foundation for further exploration of biocontrol strategies against PPNs using compost and vermicompost, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, preserving environment and mitigating reliance on chemical interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome mining of Photorhabdus luminescens TNAU1 reveals novel gene assets with insecticidal and nematicidal properties","authors":"V.P. Krithika ,&nbsp;Anita Bellie ,&nbsp;Ganeshan Shandeep ,&nbsp;Vijay Settu ,&nbsp;Deeikshana Thirunavukkarasu ,&nbsp;Haran Ramkumar ,&nbsp;C. Sankaranarayanan ,&nbsp;Prabhu Somasundaram ,&nbsp;K. Devrajan","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Photorhabdus luminescens</em> is an enterobacterium, a symbiont of beneficial nematodes with broad-spectrum insecticidal potential against various important pests of crops. Nowadays these bacteria are largely exploited to decipher their antagonistic nature against plant parasitic nematodes and insects. The complete genome analysis confirmed the isolate TNAU1 as <em>P. luminescens</em> with a circular genome of 5,247,491 bp (5.2 Mb) length and 42.57 % GC content. The genome annotation revealed the presence of 5221 coding sequences (CDS) genes, 68 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 3 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters in the genome of TNAU1 included Minimycin, Kolossin, luminmycin A, prepiscibactin, xenocoumacin 1, mevalagmapeptide A, Xenematide, Tolassin, luminmide B, putrebactin and Ririwpeptode B. Moreover, genome assemblies also exhibited the presence of 10 homologs corresponding to nematode virulence and 15 homologs of insect-virulent proteases. These proteins make <em>P. luminescens</em> a promising model for studying symbiosis and host-pathogen interactions through removing competitors, host colonization, invasion, and bioconversion of the insect cadaver. To identify its antagonistic ability against nematodes and insect pests, <em>P. luminescens</em> TNAU1 was evaluated against root-knot nematode, <em>Meloidogyne incognita,</em> and fall armyworm, <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>. The results exhibited that <em>P. luminescens</em> inhibited the egg hatching (98.92 %) and mortality of juveniles (94.19 %) of <em>M. incognita</em> over control under <em>in vitro</em> conditions and similarly, 78.3 % insect mortality was observed with LC50 of 684.2 ppm against <em>S. frugiperda</em>. The current study emphasizes the importance of exploiting the <em>P. luminescens</em> to manage important pests and nematodes in crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the vital role of phytohormones and plant growth regulators in orchestrating plant immunity","authors":"Ayesha Shafqat ,&nbsp;Sonia Abbas ,&nbsp;Madieha Ambreen ,&nbsp;Ayesha Siddiqa Bhatti ,&nbsp;Humaira kausar ,&nbsp;Tabassum Gull","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phytohormones and plant growth regulators play pivotal roles in orchestrating plant immunity, serving as crucial signaling molecules that mediate responses to various stressors. This review explores their diverse functions in regulating plant defense mechanisms, encompassing both local and systemic responses. Salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, and auxins are among the key phytohormones that modulate various facets of plant immunity, including pathogen recognition, signal transduction pathways, and the activation of defense-related genes. Additionally, plant growth regulators such as cytokinins and gibberellins influence immune responses through complex regulatory networks. In addition to phytohormones, signaling molecules like proline, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, and melatonin also involves in protecting plants against fungal or bacterial pathogens. Understanding the intricate interplay between phytohormones and plant growth regulators is essential for developing sustainable strategies to enhance plant resilience against pathogens, thereby ensuring global food security and agricultural sustainability. This review consolidates current knowledge and identifies emerging trends in the field, underscoring the importance of further research to harness the full potential of these regulatory molecules in plant immunity. This intricate network of phytohormones and signaling molecules highlights the multifaceted nature of plant defense mechanisms, offering avenues for further exploration and exploitation in enhancing crop resilience and productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dieback of royal poinciana (Delonix regia) trees induced by Alternaria tenuissima and its impact on photochemical efficiency of photosystem II","authors":"Ahmad Zia ,&nbsp;Eman Saleh Farrag ,&nbsp;Sabry Younis Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Saudi Arabia, poinciana (<em>Delonix regia</em>) trees are afflicted by dieback disease, manifesting symptoms that can lead to complete defoliation and, ultimately, the demise of trees in advanced stages. To investigate the dieback symptoms, samples were collected from branches at the transition zone. Identification of fungal isolates involved the assessment of colony and spore morphology, as well as PCR amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene regions. The predominant fungus isolated was <em>Alternaria tenuissima</em><em>.</em> Chlorophyll <em>a</em> fluorescence quenching and polyphasic fluorescence induction kinetics were conducted to assess the photochemical and nonphotochemical processes of Photosystem II (PSII) in stem barks affected by dieback. The dieback disease significantly reduced chlorophyll content, potentially hindering PSII performance in terms of maximum photochemical efficiency, quantum yield, electron flux, and photoprotection. These findings suggest that compromised photochemistry and photoprotection render poinciana trees inoculated by dieback less efficient in utilizing light energy and more susceptible to photoinhibition. Additionally, this study implies the use of non-invasive chlorophyll fluorescence techniques as a phenotyping tool for assessing photoprotective and photoinhibitory responses of stems to dieback stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora species associated with decline of horticultural crops in high humid tropic region of Western Ghats, India","authors":"Madhu G S ,&nbsp;A.T. Rani ,&nbsp;B.M. Muralidhara ,&nbsp;G. Nayan Deepak ,&nbsp;S. Rajendiran ,&nbsp;V. Rakshith ,&nbsp;V. Venkataravanappa","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the <em>Phytophthora</em> species responsible for various diseases in horticultural crops, including avocado root rot, black pepper quick wilt, cacao black pod, guava fruit rot, and papaya root rot. Samples were collected from the Kodugu district of Karnataka, India, which falls within the Western Ghats. The favorable climatic conditions of the Western Ghats support the cultivation of diverse horticultural crops, encompassing fruits, spices, and plantation crops. However, this conducive environment also promotes the presence of <em>Phytophthora</em> species, which act as causative agents for various diseases in horticultural crops. Several recovered isolates exhibited typical colony morphology associated with <em>Phytophthora</em>, featuring a white cottony mycelium. Colonies displayed various patterns, ranging from non-distinctive to stellate with a chrysanthemum shape. Both sporangia and chlamydospores were observed upon induction in a sterile soil solution. The mycelial appearance and sporangial shape of the isolates resembled different <em>Phytophthora</em> species. Through a concatenated analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit I (COXI), and β-tubulin (β-tub) genes, three species infecting avocado were identified: <em>P. cinnamomi</em> (3 isolates), <em>P. nicotianae</em> (1 isolate), and <em>P. tropicalis</em> (1 isolate). Additionally, a species identified as <em>P. tropicalis</em> was found to infect black pepper (2 isolates) and cacao (1 isolate). The isolates causing disease in guava were identified as <em>P. nicotianae</em> (2 isolates), while those infecting papaya were identified as <em>P. palmivora</em> (2 isolates). Notably, this study reports the first instance of <em>P. nicotianae</em> and <em>P. tropicalis</em> infecting avocado in India, expanding our understanding of <em>Phytophthora</em> species distribution and host interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcriptomic landscape of Botrytis cinerea infection on postharvest grapes sheds light on the biological function of the Bcnrps1 gene","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, a prevalent necrotrophic fungal pathogen, causes significant postharvest infections including fruits. This pathogen exploits senescent tissues, resulting in significant economic losses. During the <em>Botrytis</em>-plant interaction, a molecular cross-talk is established between the host and the pathogen, mediated by the interplay of the plant's defense pathways and the phytopathogenic fungus's virulence pathways, which are modulated by abiotic and biotic factors.</p><p>The <em>Bcnrps</em>1 genes is secondary metabolims gene that encodes a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase. This family enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of natural peptides with a wide range of biological activities. Although the function of the majority of these peptides remains elusive, they could evolve in plant-pathogen interaction during infection process. Deletion of the <em>Bcnrps</em>1 gene increases the virulence of the pathogen otherwise, a reduction in sensitivity to toxic compounds such as spermidine and the fungicide pyrimethanil is observed. A transcriptome analysis was performed in this study to comprehensively elucidate the behavior of this mutant and to assess the molecular dynamics both in <em>Bcnrps</em>1 mutant and wild-type strains during the infection process of harvested white grapes. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during infection differs significantly between the <em>B. cinerea</em> B05.10 strain and the <em>ΔBcnrps1</em> strain. The results demonstrate that, during white grape infection, the mutant induces genes related to five main functional groups: detoxification, transcription factors, CAZymes, virulence factors, and secondary metabolism. These findings underscore the crucial role of the <em>Bcnrps</em>1 gene in mediating the fungal response to environmental stressors and plant-derived substances during plant-pathogen interactions, as supported by observed gene expression patterns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the biocontrol effect of Streptomyces sp. NEAU-KT41 and its cell-free culture filtrate against wheat root rot","authors":"Yang Cai ,&nbsp;Jinzhao Gu ,&nbsp;Ling Ling ,&nbsp;Hui Bing ,&nbsp;Lijie Cui ,&nbsp;Ailin Li ,&nbsp;Yance Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Kong ,&nbsp;Xiangjing Wang ,&nbsp;Junwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Wensheng Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wheat root rot, caused by <em>Bipolaris sorokiniana</em>, is a significant and extensive soilborne disease. <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. NEAU-KT41 was isolated from healthy wheat root soil and possessed strong antifungal activity against <em>B. sorokiniana</em>. Findings from the pot test indicated that strain NEAU-KT41 (10⁸ CFU/mL) and its 10 % cell-free culture filtrate had significant biocontrol efficiency against wheat root rot, with 66.67 % and 64.4 %, respectively, resulting in significant increases in biomass and chlorophyll content. For 10⁸ CFU/mL spore suspension, the plant height increased by 167.52 %; root length by 141.64 %, fresh weight by 65 %, chlorophyll <em>a</em> by 13.43 %, and chlorophyll <em>b</em> by 51.02 % under disease stress. For the 10 % cell-free culture filtrate, the plant height increased by 21.93 %, root length by 17.92 %, dry weight by 29.35 %, chlorophyll <em>a</em> by 17.92 %, and chlorophyll <em>b</em> by 82.15 % under disease stress. Moreover, strain NEAU-KT41 could produce proteases, amylases, lipases, and ACC deaminase, and had the ability to decompose organic phosphorus and fix nitrogen. The cell-free culture filtrate affected <em>B. sorokiniana</em> in several manners, including increasing the cell membrane permeability, diminishing the soluble protein content in the mycelia, impeding conidia germination and germ tube extension, and affecting <em>B. sorokiniana</em> invasion of plants. Briefly, <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. NEAU-KT41 is a prospective biocontrol agent that can be used to manage root rot in wheat and has potential applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms and phytomolecules as source of resistance for sustainable management of root knot nematode infestations in horticultural crops: A review","authors":"Nunavath Swaruparani ,&nbsp;Haripriya Shanmugam","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Root-knot nematodes (RKN) (<em>Meloidogyne</em> spp.) pose a major threat to horticultural crop production globally. Despite yield loss, use of synthetic chemicals to suppress RKN in horticulture crops raised concerns over produce residual toxicity, increased pest tolerance, and environmental chemical persistence. In order to address these issues, sustainable pest management practices are essential to tackle RKN infestation in horticultural crops, while maintaining ecological balance and environmental safety, apart from ensuring nutritional security for humans. The different mechanisms of RKN infestation at molecular level in horticultural crops and their interaction with plants through nematode associated molecular patterns have been discussed. The review emphasizes on sustainable pest management strategies by deciphering the efficiency of phytomolecules in different forms as bionematicides, role of plant signalling molecules in triggering innate immunity of plants and exploring crop wild relatives as resistant rootstocks in imparting resistance against invading nematodes in horticultural crops. Phytomolecules reported as bionematicides against RKNs in horticultural crops includes quercetin, caryophyllene, medicagenic acid, 1,4-naphaloacetic acid, allicin and prodelphinidin along with essential oils (castor and mint), organic acids (humic acid, acetic acid, and maleic acid), volatile organic compounds (dimethyl disulfide) and(methoxymethyl)-benzene. In addition, practical usage of plant bionematicides, challenges and future perspectives for efficient use of phytomolecules as source of resistance and as an ecofriendly approach for management of RKN, including bibliometric analysis of phytochemical based bionematicides has been discussed in detail. The review will help in addressing the research gaps and in developing effective bionematicides from plant source for sustainable pest management in horticultural crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MaHOS15 negatively regulates plant immune defense induced by banana fusarium wilt via salicylic acid pathway","authors":"Xingchen Jia ,&nbsp;Kelin Chen ,&nbsp;Yinglong Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Tang ,&nbsp;Hang Rong ,&nbsp;Ping Lin ,&nbsp;Yuhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Chuqiao Wang ,&nbsp;Mingyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianfu Liu ,&nbsp;Qizhi Wang ,&nbsp;Hailing Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fusarium wilt of banana (<em>Musa acuminata</em>) poses a significant threat to the banana industry globally. Salicylic acid (SA) serves as a crucial signaling molecule activating the plant's defense response against pathogen infections while also regulating various aspects of plant growth and development. High Expression of Osmotically Responsive Genes 15 (HOS15) acts as a transcriptional corepressor and an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex substrate receptor, playing an important role in regulating biological stress processes. However, the exact immune mechanism of MaHOS15 in the SA signaling pathway remains unclear. In this study, we utilized RT-qPCR, yeast two-hybridization, subcellular localization and allogeneic expression of <em>Arabidopsis</em> to explore MaHOS15's function against banana fusarium wilt. The expression changes of SA pathway-related factors <em>MaNPR3, MaNPR4, MaNPR11, MaTGA8</em> and <em>MaHOS15</em> in <em>Foc</em> TR4-resistant and <em>Foc</em> TR4-susceptible bananas infected with <em>Foc</em> TR4 were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the <em>MaHOS15</em> expression trend in the two cultivars was opposite, while the expression trend of <em>MaNPR4</em> and <em>MaNPR11</em> was contrary to that of <em>MaHOS15</em>. Moreover, heterologous overexpression of <em>MaHOS15</em> in <em>Arabidopsis</em> reduced the variance in SA-related signaling factors. The expression of <em>MaHOS15</em> increased after defense activation, inhibiting the expression of SA-related immune factors, the immunoregulation of <em>MaHOS15</em> and SA exhibited contrasting results. Collectively, these findings suggest that MaHOS15 negatively regulates plant immune defenses against banana <em>Fusarium</em> wilt via the salicylic acid pathway, offering potential applications in improving plant resistance to banana <em>Fusarium</em> wilt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilocus sequence analysis of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ associated with phyllody of cucumber in India and development of loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for its detection","authors":"Mantesh Muttappagol ,&nbsp;Shridhar Hiremath ,&nbsp;H.D. Vinay Kumar ,&nbsp;Nandan M ,&nbsp;C.R. Jahir Basha ,&nbsp;K.S. Shankarappa ,&nbsp;V. Venkataravanappa ,&nbsp;C.N. Lakshminarayana Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2024.102350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A survey assessed cucumber phyllody disease incidence in Chikkaballapura, Bengaluru Rural, Bengaluru Urban, and Bagalkote districts of Karnataka, India. The average disease incidence ranged from 8 to 18 %. A total of 9 samples showing phyllody and little leaf symptoms were collected and association of phytoplasma was confirmed through 16S rRNA gene amplification, using universal primer pair P1/P7, and followed by nested PCR using primer R16F2n/R16R2. Further, characterization through multilocus sequence analysis targeting secY and <em>rpl22</em> genes confirmed all nine strains as part of the 16SrI group (<em>'Candidatus</em> Phytoplasma asteris'). Additionally, four weed species (<em>Lecusa aspera, Parthenium hysterophorus, Acaranthus</em> sp., and <em>Amaranthus viridis</em>) found in cucumber fields tested positive for phytoplasma (16SrI) disease. <em>In-silico</em> RFLP analysis of the amplified F2n/R2 region of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that two phytoplasma strains (CuPP1 and CuPP3) from Chikkaballapura belonged to subgroup X (16SrI-X), one phytoplasma strain (CuPP2) belonged to subgroup B (16SrI–B). While the remaining strains from Bangalore Urban, Bengaluru Rural, and Bagalkote districts belonged to subgroup B (16SrI–B). A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) detection protocol was also developed for <em>'Ca</em> P. asteris', targeting the phytoplasma 16S ribosomal DNA. Comparison of assay sensitives demonstrated that LAMP technique is highly efficient and could detect the presence of phytoplasma up to 50 fg of template DNA. LAMP-based detection offers superior ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and rapid results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of phytoplasma causing phyllody disease in cucumber crop in India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}