Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Review of secondary metabolites from microbes in the management of plant-parasitic nematodes","authors":"Thirunavukkarasu Deeikshana ,&nbsp;Devrajan Kandasamy ,&nbsp;Somasundaram Prabhu ,&nbsp;Chinnusamy Thangamani ,&nbsp;Rajendran Poorniammal ,&nbsp;Subbiyan Maruthasalam ,&nbsp;Arunachalam Arun ,&nbsp;Ganeshan Shandeep","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are ubiquitous organisms that can parasitize almost all crops globally, causing an estimated annual yield loss of $80–157 billion. Integrated nematode management (INM), which includes physical, chemical, cultural, regulatory, and biological methods, can be effective in controlling nematode populations but may also be time-consuming and less effective due to natural circumstances and pathogen adaptation. Chemical nematicides are fast-acting, versatile, and cheaper, providing rapid management with broad-spectrum activity. However, reliance on synthetic chemicals has decreased due to their adverse environmental impacts, leading to the emergence of eco-friendly management practices. Biocontrol is a safe and effective approach for managing PPNs; it is not only suppressing PPNs but also enhances plant growth and triggers systemic resistance against various biotic stresses. A diverse array of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoans, produce naturally occurring and biodegradable secondary metabolites, offering multiple target sites and a broad spectrum of nematicidal activity against PPNs. The effectiveness of antagonistic microbes may vary according to field conditions, and the release of their nematicidal secondary metabolites into the soil is typically slower compared to the immediate action of chemical nematicides. Antagonistic microbes used in biocontrol have a limited shelf life and require specific storage conditions for viability. Additionally, these microbes may lose viability if exposed to unfavorable environmental factors, such as extreme temperatures or dryness. To overcome these problems, incorporating nanotechnology tools in nematode management can enhance formulation development. By encapsulating these metabolites in nanoemulsion, the solubility and stability of microbial secondary metabolites are improved, enabling targeted delivery, controlled release, and enhanced efficacy while minimizing impacts on non-target organisms and reducing environmental contamination. This review highlights the importance of microbial secondary metabolites, their mode of action in nematodes, and the application of nanoemulsion in nematode management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of PCR and PCR-derived technologies for the detection of pathogens infecting crops","authors":"Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Zhixuan Wei,&nbsp;Jinguang Zhang,&nbsp;Chunzhu Chen,&nbsp;Fuguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occurrence of diseases often causes great losses to agricultural production. Recognizing and preventing various diseases and establishing detection techniques for disease-causing organisms are the basis for disease early warning and control. To date, there are various methods for pathogen detection, especially PCR and PCR-derived technologies. However, there methods lack uniform classification standards (testing time, operation procedure, and application). In addition, it is difficult to use all the detection methods in a reasonable combination to improve the accuracy of the results. The paper mainly reviews various PCR commonly used in the field of crop disease detection, including nested PCR, quantitative PCR, multiplex PCR, digital PCR, nanoparticle-assisted PCR, immuno PCR, reverse transcription PCR and other novel PCR (long PCR, GC-rich PCR, fast PCR, direct PCR, hot start PCR, touchdown PCR). The principles, advantages and shortcomings of these methods, as well as the progress of their application in the detection of pathogens, are summarized. In conclusion, detection methods are constantly updated, but the future direction of development still needs to be towards more accurate, economical, efficient and rapid. This review aims to provide a reference for research related to molecular identification of plant pathogens, plant disease monitoring and early warning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High nitrogen levels reduce the damage caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis by maintaining the photosynthetic performance of wheat cultivars with contrasting resistance","authors":"Andrea Elizabeth Román Ramos ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Aucique-Perez ,&nbsp;Leandro José Dallagnol","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr)</em> (Died.) <em>Drechs</em>, the causal agent of tan spot in wheat, is a disease of significant economic impact in Brazil and worldwide. In this study, we examined the effect of different nitrogen (N) levels (70, 130, and 200 kg ha⁻¹) on two wheat cultivars (TBIO Audaz and TBIO Tibagi), which exhibit different degrees of basal resistance to tan spot. We focused on their pathometric and physiological responses under controlled conditions. For both wheat cultivars, applying 200 kg N ha⁻¹ extended the incubation period (IP) by 19 %, along with reduction of final lesion size (LS), disease severity, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) up to 29, 18, and 26 %, respectively, compared to plants fertilized with 70 kg N ha⁻¹. The fast chlorophyll <em>a</em> fluorescence (OJIP-test), conducted at 7 and 14 days after inoculation (dai), showed changes in the fluorescence dissipation pattern compared to 0 dai, regardless of N level. However, wheat cultivars fertilized with 70 kg ha⁻¹ of nitrogen and <em>Ptr</em> infected demonstrated significant alterations in parameters related to the functional stability of the photosynthetic machinery, with changes of 50 % in F_v/F_m, V_j, ψE₀, φD₀, and M₀. Additionally, photosynthetic pigment pools were reduced by 47 % by <em>Ptr</em> infection. However, these negative effects can be mitigated using adequate N levels and using moderately resistant cultivars, which contribute to reduced tan spot severity and improved physiological response in wheat. These results highlight the needs of attention to provide adequate levels of nitrogen to improve tan spot control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-mediated bioinspired iron nanoparticles as an alternative to enhance crop resistance against biotic and abiotic stress; a review","authors":"Rafia Azam ,&nbsp;Khafsa Malik ,&nbsp;Tahira Sultana ,&nbsp;Faiza Arooj ,&nbsp;Abeer Kazmi","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stresses (abiotic and biotic) in plants are important environmental constraints that reduce agricultural production and crop nutritional values. This poses severe food scarcity. Efficient sensory equipment and applications for effectively determining diseases of plants are essential to ensuring agriculture's viability and food production. In modern agriculture, nanotechnology helps to combat nutrient deficiency, promote stress tolerance, and improve the quality and yield of crops. The phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles that is environmentally harmless, cost-effective, and excellent biocompatibility is considered as best strategy compared to other traditional synthesis methods. Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) have garnered significant attention among other nanoparticle kinds because of their unique features, which include superparamagnetism, a higher surface-to-volume ratio, a larger surface area, and an easy separation process. FeNPs have good efficiency in mitigating stress caused by abiotic and biotic factors in crops which can enhance their productivity. When biotic and abiotic stress is perceived by plant, it rises the production of ROS, altered the anatomical structures (such as RNA, DNA, protein, organelle), reduced the growth and productivity of plant. In severe condition, plant may die. Application of FeNPs activates the stress related gene expressions their pathways that ultimately upregulate stress related proteins. They also trigger biochemical redox enzymes, osmoprotectants and antioxidant defense mechanism which confer tolerance. It also improves the uptake of minerals and increases photosynthesis, as a result plant resuscitate. FeNPs might raise crop antioxidant levels, boost growth, improve soil nutritional status, and increase tolerance to different oxidative stressors. This review aims to investigate the efficacy of iron nanoparticles in mitigating the adverse consequences of biotic and abiotic stresses on plants, focusing on the underlying mechanisms and promising applications in sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic analysis of the Papaya-Fusarium equiseti interaction: Understanding mode of infection and plant response at the molecular level","authors":"Jeevindramoorthy Karunamoorthy A/L ,&nbsp;Mohammed Yahya Allawi ,&nbsp;Bilal Salim Al-Taie ,&nbsp;Nuzul Noorahya Jambari ,&nbsp;Norasfaliza Rahmad ,&nbsp;Norafizah Abdul Rahman ,&nbsp;Nurhaida Kamaruddin ,&nbsp;Jameel R. Al-Obaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Papaya (<em>Carica papaya</em> L.) is an important tropical fruit with significant nutritional and economic value. However, postharvest diseases, particularly caused by <em>Fusarium equiseti</em>, result in severe quality losses. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying papaya's response to <em>F. equiseti</em> infection using a proteomic approach. Papaya fruits were divided into control and <em>Fusarium</em>-challenged groups. Proteins were extracted from both groups and analyzed through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by MALDI-ToF/ToF MS/MS for protein identification. Differentially expressed proteins were identified and mapped using protein-protein interaction networks. A total of 1250 protein spots were detected, with 8 significantly altered between the control and infected fruits successfully identified. Key upregulated proteins included Linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase, involved in lipid metabolism, and 30S Ribosomal Protein S3, associated with protein synthesis. Conversely, proteins like the stromal Heat Shock-Related Protein were downregulated, suggesting compromised stress responses during infection. These results provide a glimpse into the intricate defence mechanisms in papaya, revealing extensive changes primarily at the translational level involving stimulation of lipid metabolism and increased ribosomal activity to combat <em>Fusarium</em> infection. It gives insight into probable molecular targets for the intensification of disease resistance in papaya. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate the different contributions of these proteins and then enhance management strategies for postharvest diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenyllactic acid primed reactive oxygen species metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway to induce resistance against Alternaria alternata in Malus domestica","authors":"Shuang Min ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Liu ,&nbsp;Canying Li ,&nbsp;Tian Gao ,&nbsp;Yajun Wang ,&nbsp;Yonghong Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black spot rot, caused by the pathogen <em>Alternaria alternata</em>, is a prevalent disease in apple cultivation. The present study investigated the effects of phenyllactic acid (PLA) immersion on black spot rot in apples and elucidated the potential mechanisms underlying its action. Results revealed that 1.00 g L⁻¹ PLA inhibited the lesion development in <em>A. alternata-</em>inoculated apples. PLA resulted in a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, while simultaneously increasing the levels of H₂O₂, ascorbic acid (AsA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in apples. PLA also induced the increase in gene expressions and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbic acid reductase (DHAR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumarate/coenzyme A ligase (4CL), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in apples. Moreover, inoculation of both PLA-treated and control fruit with <em>A. alternata</em> led to a further increase in the levels of H₂O₂, GSH, and AsA, along with enhanced gene expressions and enzymatic activities of CAT, SOD, DHAR, GR, APX, MDHAR, POD, PPO, C4H, 4CL and PAL, compared to un-inoculated fruit. Additionally, PLA dipping increased total phenols and flavonoids contents in apples, and inoculation with <em>A. alternata</em> further augmented the accumulation of these bioactive compounds. Furthermore, PLA-treated fruit displayed a more rapid response to <em>A. alternata</em> inoculation compared to control fruit, characterized by heightened enzymatic activity, gene expression, and metabolite content. Collectively, PLA has the potential to stimulate disease resistance against <em>A. alternata</em> in apples through regulating major enzyme activities, gene expressions, and metabolites contents involved in reactive oxygen species and phenylpropane metabolisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological, molecular and pathogenetic characterization of Lasiodiplodia laeliocattleyae associated with dieback and pod rot on cacao in Ecuador","authors":"Hayron Fabricio Canchignia-Martinez ,&nbsp;Angel Virgilio Cedeño-Moreira ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Flores ,&nbsp;Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cacao (<em>Theobroma cacao</em> L.) is a crop that holds significant economic and social importance in Ecuador. Cocoa clones such as CCN-51, known for their resistance to diseases and high yield, have been widely established in the country. However, in January 2021, several CCN-51 plants showed dieback and fruit rot. Thus, this study focused on morphologically, molecularly, and pathogenically identifying the causal agent of these symptoms in cacao. Two fungal isolates (LT1A and LT2A) were obtained from symptomatic CCN-51 cacao pods. Both strains were characterized through morphological analysis (assimilative and asexual reproductive structures), molecular identification (using ITS, EF1α, and BTU markers), and pathogenicity testing (inoculation of seedlings and pods). The average temperature for optimal growth and pycnidia production for both strains was 28 °C. The mean size of conidia was 25.2 x 13.7 μm. Molecular analysis identified the isolates as <em>Lasiodiplodia laeliocattleyae</em>. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that <em>L. laeliocattleyae</em> causes dieback in seedlings and pod rot on cacao. In seedlings and pods, the incidence of disease was 100 %, with the strain LT2A having a higher severity in pods (353.85 ± 35.15 mm) compared to LT1A (135.15 ± 61.09 mm) at 7 days after inoculation (Student T-test, <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>L. laeliocattleyae</em> causing dieback in seedlings and pod rot on cocoa worldwide. These findings provide crucial information on the <em>Lasiodiplodia</em>-cacao pathosystem and highlight the need for further research on control measures to mitigate the spread and impact of <em>L. laeliocattleyae</em> in Ecuador.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and pathogenicity assessment of Fusarium species associated with grass pea yellowing and wilting in Iran","authors":"Maryam Gholizad Soufiani ,&nbsp;Masoud Abrinbana ,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Pouralibaba","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grass pea (<em>Lathyrus sativus</em>) is a stress-resistant legume with high nutritional value that is widely grown in drought-prone regions worldwide. While <em>Fusarium</em> species are known to cause wilt and root rot in this crop, research has primarily focused on <em>F. oxysporum</em>, leaving a gap in knowledge regarding other pathogenic species. In this study, <em>Fusarium</em> isolates were obtained from naturally infected rainfed grass pea plants showing yellowing and wilting symptoms, collected from various provinces in Iran. Phylogenetic analyses identified nine studied isolates as belonging to <em>F. acuminatum</em>, <em>F. annulatum</em>, <em>F. curvatum</em> and <em>F. fabacearum</em> and <em>F. gamsii</em>. Pathogenicity assessment, measured by area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and disease incidence at final evaluation (DIf) in a growth chamber experiment, demonstrated that the isolates caused varying levels of disease in both grass pea and pea. The AUDPC and DIf values on grass pea ranged from 11.86 to 375.83 and 2.46 to 53.54, respectively. However, pea exhibited higher susceptibility, with AUDPC and DIf values ranging from 188.25 to 684.10 and 33.69 to 91.25, respectively. The identification of novel <em>Fusarium</em> pathogens in this research contributes to the development and implementation of effective disease management strategies for grass pea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Overexpression of pumpkin CpVQ30 increased susceptibility of tobacco to powdery mildew” [Volume 133, September 2024, 102365]","authors":"Shi-heng Li,&nbsp;Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 102573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular screening of septoria resistance genes in international bread wheat germplasm using the close linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers","authors":"Fatih Ölmez","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wheat plant is susceptible to Septoria tritici blotch (STB), a foliar disease caused by <em>Zymoseptoria tritici</em> which significantly reduces crop yield and has developed resistance to synthetic fungicides. Developing resistant wheat cultivars through the identification of the innate immunity is a suitable solution to control this pathogen. Molecular markers are considered a reliable approach for detecting resistant genes in wheat plant compared to conventional methods. This study aimed to employ marker-assisted selection methods utilizing eight SSR markers closed-linked to <em>Stb</em> resistance genes in a collection of 80 international bread wheat germplasm. The results revealed that the genetic frequency of <em>Stb</em> genes ranged from 8 % (<em>Stb2</em>) to 44 % (<em>Stb4</em>), with <em>Stb4</em> being the most common followed by <em>Stb5</em> (31 %), <em>Stb3</em> (26 %), and others. A total of 130 Stb<em>-</em>resistant genes were identified, with <em>Stb4</em> contributing 27 % of the total. The genotypes such as CItr 8441 (Argentina) and PI 591908 (Australia) harbored up to six <em>Stb</em> genes, while others like ''PI 584985″and PI 584984 (Croatia), did not contained any targeted resistant genes. In short, this study provides valuable insights for breeding resistant wheat cultivars against the <em>Z. Tritici,</em> highlighting the potential and utility of molecular markers in guiding future wheat breeding initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}