Environment disturbances influence bacterial diversity, structure and co-occurrence network in the Digitaria sanguinalis rhizosphere

Physicochemical properties of the soil and vegetation types exert primary influences on soil microorganisms, yet there is limited research on the impacts of two different levels of disturbance, especially in the rhizosphere of the Digitaria sanguinalis. To fill this knowledge gap, we employed the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology to obtain 16S rRNA from the rhizosphere in D. sanguinalis soil near and away from the roadside. The rhizosphere soil microorganisms in the two locations experienced two different levels of disturbance and exhibited notable diversity. Meanwhile, there has been a marked rise in the abundance of the Acidobacteria genus RB41 within this lightly disturbed region. The analysis of the co-occurrence network suggests that lightly disturbed areas exhibit the presence of two keystone taxa. In contrast to the heavily disturbed site (HD), the lightly disturbed site (LD) exhibits an increased level of the modular network (0.482 vs. 0.448) and stronger competition within the rhizosphere soil microbial community (positive/negative link ratio, P/N: 0.881 vs. 0.864). The findings from the PLS-SM analysis reveal that keystone taxa have the most total effects on aboveground biomass (0.957). These discoveries have important implications for understanding how different levels of disruption impact soil ecosystems.