Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"A new host record of Phacidium calderae on Citrus limon leaves, causing necrotic spots and patches, in Algeria","authors":"Ali Kerroum ,&nbsp;Abdelmoumen Taoutaou ,&nbsp;Rossana Parlascino ,&nbsp;Mario Riolo ,&nbsp;Abdenour Zibani ,&nbsp;Hanane Djabali ,&nbsp;Zouaoui Bouznad ,&nbsp;Santa Olga Cacciola","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports, for the first time, <em>Phacidium calderae</em> as the causal agent of necrotic lesions on <em>Citrus limon</em> leaves in Algeria. Symptomatic leaves showed white leathery patches with reddish margins and lenticular pustules. Fungal isolates obtained from lesions were morphologically and molecularly identified as <em>P. calderae</em>. Pathogenicity tests confirmed its ability to induce necrotic lesions on lemon leaves, although only in wounded tissues, suggesting low aggressiveness on citrus. However, <em>P. calderae</em> caused severe rot in artificially inoculated apple and pear fruit, revealing a broader host range. This finding is particularly relevant given that <em>Phacidium lacerum</em> was previously identified as a postharvest pathogen of apples and pears. The ability of <em>P. calderae</em> to infect multiple hosts raises concerns about its epidemiology and potential impact on fruit production. To our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>P. calderae</em> on citrus. Further research is needed to clarify its ecology, epidemiology, and interactions with other citrus pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102728"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil-borne fungal pathogens of sesame: insights into pathogenesis and control","authors":"Abdelaaziz Farhaoui ,&nbsp;Mohamed Kouighat ,&nbsp;Mohammed Taoussi ,&nbsp;Rachid Lahlali","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sesame (<em>Sesamum indicum</em>), nicknamed the queen of oilseeds, is a globally important oilseed crop, recognized for its culinary, industrial, and medicinal uses. However, its production is seriously threatened by several soil-borne fungal pathogens such as <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em>, <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f.sp. <em>Sesami</em>, <em>Corynespora cassiicola</em>, and <em>Pythium</em> spp. These fungi pose serious threats to the quality of the harvest as well as the yield of this crop. This review provides an in-depth overview of the biology, genetic diversity, and growth requirements of sesame, before focusing on the major soil-borne fungal pathogens affecting this plant, their symptoms, and epidemiology. The main molecular tools allowing the characterization of these phytopathogens are also discussed. Management approaches including integrated disease management (IDM), biological control, cultural practices, and chemical controls are reviewed in detail. This review also examines the progress made in genetic resistance mechanisms and breeding programs for sesame varieties that are resistant to these fungi. Innovative approaches such as CRISPR-Cas9 and RNA interference (RNAi) are also discussed in the context of improving the management of soil-borne pathogens. This review highlights the importance of sustainable procedures to control soil-borne phytopathogens and optimize sesame health and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in 'Hass' avocado fruits","authors":"Claudia Gabriela Magallón-Andalón ,&nbsp;Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo ,&nbsp;Rosendo Balois-Morales ,&nbsp;Verónica Alhelí Ochoa-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Paloma Patricia Casas-Junco ,&nbsp;Graciela Guadalupe López-Guzmán ,&nbsp;Iza Fernanda Pérez-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Carla Fabiola Arias-Navarro ,&nbsp;Pedro Ulises Bautista‐Rosales","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacteria of the <em>Bacillus</em> genus are considered ideal biocontrol agents because they have different ways of controlling certain pathogens and do not affect fruits such as avocados. This study aimed to determine biocontrol potential of <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> strains AB7, AB21 and AB30 against <em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</em> in 'Hass' avocado fruits. In the mechanism of action competition for nutrients, all strains exerted this mechanism for the glucose substrate. All strains tested showed competition for space against the pathogen <em>C. gloeosporioides</em>. Regarding the production of volatile organic compounds, the three strains managed to inhibit the growth of the pathogen due to the production of volatiles. Regarding the production of antibiotics, none of the three strains controlled the growth of the pathogen significantly, possibly due to a low production of antimicrobial compounds. Finally, for parasitism, the three strains produced the hydrolytic enzyme β-1,3-glucanase and adhered to the pathogen's mycelium. The three strains managed to cause deformations in the fungus hyphae, possibly due to the joint action of the adhesion of the biocontrol agents to the pathogen, the volatile organic compounds, the enzyme β-1,3-glucanase and some antibiotics that the strains produced in low concentrations. The evaluated strains inhibited <em>C. gloeosporioides</em> by using at least four action mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of hormone signaling on defense responses of invasive Sphagneticola trilobata to pathogen and insect herbivore","authors":"Bharani Manoharan ,&nbsp;Shan-Shan Qi ,&nbsp;Georgios Vidalakis ,&nbsp;Ashraf El-kereamy ,&nbsp;Viswanathan Satheesh ,&nbsp;Dinakaran Elango ,&nbsp;Vignesh Dhandapani ,&nbsp;Zhi-Cong Dai ,&nbsp;Dao-Lin Du","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive species often dominate new environments and alter ecosystem diversity and function. Two key mechanisms proposed to explain this success are the Enemy Release Hypothesis (ERH), which suggests that invasive species escape their natural enemies, and the Novel Weapons Hypothesis (NWH), which posits that they possess unique biochemical traits that give them a competitive advantage over native species. Here, we tested the induced defense responses in a highly invasive plant, <em>Sphagneticola trilobata,</em> against the pathogenic fungi (<em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>) and a lace bug herbivore (<em>Corythucha marmorata</em>). The endogenous contents of five hormones: Jasmonic acid (JA), Ethylene (ET), Salicylic acid (SA), Abscisic acid (ABA), and Gibberellic acid (GA) after treatment with either pathogen or herbivore showed higher hormone levels against pathogen and lower levels against herbivore. Further, expression analyses with 17 (nine JA and eight ET pathway) genes were tested against each pathogen and herbivore treatment. In particular, ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) branch of the JA pathway is induced for necrotrophic pathogen. Whereas, the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein (MYC2) branch is induced for herbivore. The differential hormone levels and expression between treatments could be due to different mode of infection mechanisms used by the fungus (necrotrophy) and an insect (piercing and sucking). Specifically, <em>S. trilobata</em> enhance defenses in the invaded area, and these defenses differ between responses to a pathogen and herbivore. Furthermore, our study further confirms that <em>S. trilobata</em> do not reduce their investment in defenses due to a lack of enemies. It may be an adaptation mechanism to fine-tune their defense mechanism while encountering multiple stresses during invasion process of <em>S. trilobata</em>, particularly against local natural enemies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression of transcripts encoding putative secreted proteins from an oil palm fungal pathogen Ganoderma boninense","authors":"Mui Sie Jee ,&nbsp;Chai-Ling Ho ,&nbsp;Mohd Termizi Yusof ,&nbsp;Sharon Yu Ling Lau ,&nbsp;Frazer Midot ,&nbsp;Mei Lieng Lo ,&nbsp;Mei-Yee Chin ,&nbsp;Lulie Melling","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ganoderma boninense</em> is a white rot fungus which causes basal stem rot (BSR) disease in oil palm and economic loss to the oil palm industry in Southeast Asia. The existing solutions for the disease are ineffective and the genetic determinants responsible for the disease occurrence are understudied. This study reported the characterisation of four transcript sequences encoding metalloproteinase (<em>U14090</em>), aspartic protease (<em>U42611</em>), lipase (<em>U56931</em>), and polysaccharide deacetylase (<em>U128397</em>) from <em>G. boninense</em>. The candidate transcripts were cloned and confirmed by sequencing<em>.</em> The gene expression of <em>U56931</em> was up-regulated in mycelial cultures at 21- and 28-days after inoculation (dai) whereas the expression of <em>U42611</em> was down-regulated in mycelial cultures at 28-dai, in comparison to that at 7-dai. Salicylic acid which is involved in plant biotic stress response was shown to be able to down-regulate the gene expression of <em>U56931</em>. The gene expression of <em>U14090</em> was up-regulated in <em>G. boninense</em> in contact with oil palm roots for 24- and 48-h post inoculation (hpi) compared to that in the uninoculated control. The findings of this study may facilitate the design of future functional studies and help to prioritise candidate fungal genes for gene editing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Neopestalotiopsis clavispora: A novel pathogen causing leaf spot on Pandanus amaryllifolius in India","authors":"Muhammad Suhaib Ismayil M ,&nbsp;Farooq khan ,&nbsp;Y.M. Somasekhara ,&nbsp;Gutha Venkata Ramesh ,&nbsp;Anusha M. Nayak ,&nbsp;T. Tharana Poonacha ,&nbsp;K.B. Palanna","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pandanus amaryllifolius</em>, commonly known as the fragrant screw pine, is a highly valued aromatic plant in the <em>Pandanaceae</em> family. In May 2022, an increased severity of leaf spot was observed on <em>P. amaryllifolius</em> at the University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, and surrounding areas. Infected leaves exhibited nearly circular to irregular brown spots with reddish-brown margins and a yellow halo, gradually leading to blighting of leaves. The associated fungus was isolated and identified as <em>Neopestalotiopsis clavispora</em> through micro-morphological characterization and multigene phylogenetic analysis comprising Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA and <em>β-tubulin</em> (<em>TUB2</em>). Biological characterisation involved evaluation of the influence of solid media, varying temperatures and pH levels on the growth and sporulation of the pathogen. <em>N. clavispora</em> infecting <em>P. amaryllifolius</em> was identified to be growing ideally on oat meal agar (OMA) medium at 30°C and pH 6. These findings provide significant insights into the emergence of <em>N. clavispora</em> as a novel fungal pathogen affecting <em>P. amaryllifolius</em> in India and contribute to developing effective management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential regulation of antioxidant machinery on grass pea partial resistance against powdery mildew and rust pathogens","authors":"Davide Coelho Martins ,&nbsp;Francisco A. Mendes ,&nbsp;Susana de Sousa Araújo ,&nbsp;Diego Rubiales ,&nbsp;Maria Carlota Vaz Patto","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Powdery mildew (<em>Erysiphe pisi</em>, <em>E. trifolii</em>) and rust (<em>Uromyces pisi</em>) are important diseases affecting grass pea (<em>Lathyrus sativus</em>). This study investigates grass pea's histological, enzymatic, and metabolic responses to these pathogens using accessions with contrasting resistance. Partially resistant (PR) accessions exhibited smaller fungal colonies from 48 h after inoculation (HAI) onwards. Enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed as early as 12 HAI in PR accessions against both powdery mildews, associated with increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) activity in <em>E. trifolii</em> and <em>E. pisi</em> infections, respectively. Moreover, phenolic compounds and flavonoids accumulated in <em>E. trifolii</em>-infected PR accessions (6–48 HAI). For rust, APX activity rose at 48 HAI in PR accessions.</div><div>These findings suggest that partial resistance (PR) in grass pea is characterized by restricted pathogen invasion and a dynamic regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes, with responses varying across pathosystems. This highlights the importance of pathogen-specific selection strategies to minimize the risk of resistance breakdown and promote durable disease resistance in breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of fungal trunk pathogens from wood tissues and pruning wood debris of olive trees in Iran","authors":"Mahboobeh Sohrabi ,&nbsp;Hamid Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Maela León ,&nbsp;Josep Armengol","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Between April 2015 and August 2017 a survey was conducted in olive orchards in different regions in Iran in order to collect and identify fungal trunk pathogens. Wood samples were collected from the trunk and branches of olive trees showing dieback and cankers, as well as pruning wood debris left in the orchards. Fungal isolation was performed from necrotic woody tissues, as well as fruiting bodies observed on bark of wood debris. Morphological identification of the fungal isolates was confirmed by DNA sequencing and comparisons of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nrDNA region and a partial sequence of translation elongation factor 1-α (<em>tef-1</em>α) and β-tubulin (<em>tub2</em>) genes. In this study, eight species of <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> namely <em>Botryosphaeria</em> (<em>B</em>.) <em>dothidea</em>, <em>Diplodia</em> (<em>D</em>.) <em>gallae</em>, <em>D. intermedia</em>, <em>D. mutila</em>, <em>Dothiorella</em> (<em>Do</em>.) <em>sarmentorum</em>, <em>Neofusicoccum</em> (<em>Neof</em>.) <em>parvum</em>, <em>Neoscytalidium</em> (<em>Neos</em>.) <em>dimidiatum</em> (as the most abundant species) and <em>Neos. novaehollandiae</em> were identified. Moreover, <em>Pleurostoma</em> (<em>Pl.</em>) <em>richardsiae</em>, <em>Paecilomyces</em> (<em>P</em>.) <em>formosus</em>, a <em>Coniophora</em>-like fungus and several isolates of <em>Phoma</em>, <em>Chaetomium</em>, <em>Darksidea</em> and <em>Hypoxylon</em> species were obtained. Pathogenicity trials on detached shoots of olive trees conducted under greenhouse conditions showed that <em>P. formosus</em>, <em>Neos</em>. <em>dimidiatum</em>, <em>D. gallae</em>, <em>Neof. parvum</em>, <em>Dot. sarmentorum</em>, <em>Neos. novaehollandiae</em>, <em>Pl. richardsiae</em>, <em>B. dothidea</em>, <em>D. mutila</em>, <em>D. intermedia</em> and <em>Coniophora</em>-like fungus were pathogenic on inoculated olive shoots. <em>Paecilomyces formosus</em> was the most virulent and caused the longest lesions. Based on literature reviews, this study represents the first report on the occurrence of <em>D. mutila</em>, <em>Neof. parvum</em> and <em>Pl. richardsiae</em> from diseased olive trees in Iran. Moreover, this is the first report of <em>D. gallae</em> from fruiting bodies on the bark of branches, and four species (namely <em>D. intermedia</em>, <em>Neos. novaehollandiae</em>, <em>P. formosus</em> and <em>Coniophora</em>-like fungus) from affected olive trees worldwide. Our results provide new insights into the etiology of olive fungal trunk diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mango Tree Sudden Decline disease: 65-years global perspective of ecology, biology, epidemiology, and management - Challenge of tropical landscape pathology","authors":"Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tariq Malik ,&nbsp;Ummad Ud Din Umar ,&nbsp;Ateeq Ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Shakeel Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fahad Hakim ,&nbsp;Ghulam Mustafa ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan ,&nbsp;Rogério Machado Pereira ,&nbsp;Tarcísio Visintin da Silva Galdino ,&nbsp;Marcelo Coutinho Picanço ,&nbsp;Ricardo Siqueira da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mango Tree Sudden Decline (MTSD) disease has emerged as a severe threat, causing widespread devastation in mango orchards worldwide. The disease is characterized by rapid wilting, premature leaf yellowing and drop, branch dieback, darkening of vascular tissues, stunted growth, canker formation, and fruit abnormalities, leading to significant tree loss if not managed properly. This review comprehensively analyzes the global perspective of 65 years etiology, epidemiology, symptomatology, fungal disease cycle, survival strategies, dissemination patterns, and cultivar susceptibility associated with MTSD. The complex nature of MTSD is primarily attributed to fungal pathogens such as <em>Ceratocystis fimbriata</em>, <em>Botryodiplodia theobromae</em> (Pat.), <em>Lasiodiplodia theobromae</em>, <em>Neofusicoccum mangiferae</em> (Syd. &amp; P. Syd), and <em>Ceratocystis manginecans</em> Key predisposing factors, including root damage from cultural practices, insect infestations, and improper irrigation, are discussed. The role of the insect vector <em>Hypocryphalus mangiferae</em> (Stebbing) in facilitating the transmission of <em>C. manginecans</em> spores from infected to healthy trees is also explored. The review explores the approaches concerning biological control, integrated management techniques, host resistance, and other emerging areas of research. Chemical management through fungicide application, particularly via macro-infusion techniques, has shown promising results while sustainable practices such as optimized irrigation and fertilization are crucial for its long-term control. This review underscores the importance of early detection and integrated management strategies to mitigate the impact of MTSD on global mango production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of tomato germplasms for Mi-1.2-mediated resistance to Meloidogyne incognita: Integrating in-silico dynamics and bioinformatic approaches","authors":"Adil Zahoor ,&nbsp;Zeenat Niaz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jabran ,&nbsp;Hira Anwar ,&nbsp;Amjad Abbas ,&nbsp;Abdul Haseeb ,&nbsp;Ghulam Mustafa ,&nbsp;Sungmi Sun ,&nbsp;Seung Hwan Yang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Amjad Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Meloidogyne incognita</em> poses a significant threat to global tomato production, causing substantial yield losses. Utilizing resistance genes, particularly <em>Mi</em>-1.2, has emerged as an effective strategy to mitigate the impact of root-knot nematodes (RKNs) in tomatoes. The objective of this study was to identify tomato genotypes resistant to <em>M. incognita</em>, evaluate the nematode's effect on tomato physiological parameters, and investigate the molecular dynamics of the <em>Mi</em>-1.2 gene using <em>in-silico</em> approaches. Greenhouse screening of 28 genotypes identified four (18273, 18275, PONY EXPRESS, and CARRMEN) as highly resistant, with no gall formation observed on their roots. PCR amplification confirmed the presence of the <em>Mi</em>-1.2 gene in these genotypes. An evaluation of varietal responses revealed that nematode infestation significantly impacted physiological attributes, reducing fruit yield by 23 %, while increasing fresh root weight by 14 %. Promoter analysis of the <em>Mi</em>-1.2 gene identified seven cis-regulatory elements, including binding sites for WRKY transcription factors. Protein-protein interaction analysis predicted critical functional partners, such as pto, Wifi1, PTI5, and SGT1, which play key roles in signal transduction and cellular defense mechanisms. Molecular docking revealed that the Mi-1.2 protein exhibited the most stable interaction with the Cg-1 effector protein, characterized by the lowest interaction energy and optimal binding orientation, compared to other candidate effectors Map-1 and 16D10. This study provides valuable information for breeding programs in Pakistan, as new resistant tomato cultivars were identified, which could be used for future breeding programs to enhance resistance to RKNs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}