Identifying fungi responsible for trunk and scaffold diseases in almonds in Türkiye

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI:10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102729

Emel Ören , Harun Bayraktar

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Abstract

A comprehensive survey was conducted between 2020 and 2021 to identify fungal pathogens contributing to almond decline in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Symptomatic samples were collected from 161 orchards across three provinces, targeting trunks and branches displaying gummosis, stem cankers, branch dieback, wilting, vascular discoloration, and necrosis. In total, 324 samples exhibiting canker symptoms were processed, yielding 196 fungal isolates belonging to 14 species. Morphological characterization and DNA sequence analyses identified Botryosphaeria dothidea, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Clonostachys rosea, Fusarium brachygibbosum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. redolens, F. solani, F. acuminatum, F. verticillioides, Aspergillus flavus, Paecilomyces maximus, and Verticillium dahliae. F. proliferatum was the dominant species (33.2 % prevalence), followed by V. dahliae, N. dimidiatum, and F. verticillioides. Pathogenicity assays revealed that all fungal species were capable of inducing necrotic lesions at inoculation points on branch segments and seedlings. This study documented the first occurrence of F. verticillioides, P. maximus, C. rosea, and A. flavus on almond, as well as the first reports of F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. redolens, F. acuminatum, F. brachygibbosum, and V. dahliae in association with almond trees in Türkiye.

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杏仁树干和支架病害真菌的鉴定

在2020年至2021年期间进行了一项全面调查，以确定导致 rkiye东南部安纳托利亚地区杏仁衰退的真菌病原体。从三个省的161个果园收集了有症状的样本，针对表现为牙龈病、茎溃烂、树枝枯死、枯萎、维管变色和坏死的树干和树枝。总共处理了324份有溃疡病症状的样品，分离出14种196株真菌。形态学鉴定和DNA序列分析鉴定出：dothidea、Neoscytalidium dimidiatum、phaseolmacrophomina phaseolina、Clonostachys rosesea、brachygibboarium、oxysporum、proliferatum、F. redolens、F. solani、F. acuminatum、F. verticillioides、Aspergillus flavus、Paecilomyces maximus和verticilliae。优势种为增翅飞虱（33.2%），其次为大丽花飞虱、双翅飞虱和黄萎病飞虱。致病性试验表明，所有真菌都能在接种点诱导枝条和幼苗的坏死损伤。本研究记录了黄萎病弧菌、最大弧菌、玫瑰弧菌和黄萎病弧菌在杏仁上的首次出现，以及 kiye杏树上首次报道的尖孢弧菌、增生弧菌、红弧菌、尖锐弧菌、短赤霉病弧菌和大丽弧菌。

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来源期刊

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

130

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology provides an International forum for original research papers, reviews, and commentaries on all aspects of the molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, histology and cytology, genetics and evolution of plant-microbe interactions. Papers on all kinds of infective pathogen, including viruses, prokaryotes, fungi, and nematodes, as well as mutualistic organisms such as Rhizobium and mycorrhyzal fungi, are acceptable as long as they have a bearing on the interaction between pathogen and plant.