Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Establishing an efficient protoplast isolation and PEG-mediated transformation system for functional genomic studies in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum","authors":"Aasiya Nabi ,&nbsp;Yogesh Raunta ,&nbsp;Rafiq A. Shah ,&nbsp;Irtifa Lateef ,&nbsp;Zainab Rashid ,&nbsp;Naziya Nabi ,&nbsp;Tuaha Gowhar ,&nbsp;M.D. Shah ,&nbsp;I.T. Nazki ,&nbsp;Gowhar Ali ,&nbsp;Saima Masood ,&nbsp;Bilal A. Padder","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Colletotrichum lindemuthianum</em> is a significant threat to global bean production. The increasing availability of genomic data has led to a substantial accumulation of knowledge regarding the pathogenicity determinants in <em>C. lindemuthianum</em>, particularly focusing on effector proteins. A highly efficient transformation system is essential to effectively characterize these effectors and elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind <em>C. lindemuthianum</em> pathogenesis. The <em>Agrobacterium</em>-mediated transformation method has proven ineffective for site-directed mutagenesis in <em>C. lindemuthianum</em>. Additionally, the enzymes previously used for protoplast isolation are no longer accessible. We developed a highly efficient method for producing protoplasts using a new set of enzymes from the virulent <em>C. lindemuthianum</em> race 2047. The study involves generating and regenerating viable protoplasts from conidial and mycelial cultures. We treated the conidia of race 2047 with various combinations of enzymes and osmotic agents. Our results showed that a combination of 20mg/ml of Driselase and 1M D-sorbitol yielded the highest number of viable protoplasts. The treatment of 3g mycelial with 1.2g VinoTaste Pro in 30ml of buffer (0.6M (NH₄)₂S0₄, 50mM maleic acid, pH 5.5), yielded 5.8 ± 0.54 × 10⁷protoplasts/g of mycelium, with 85% viability. Isolated protoplasts were transformed with the pBV367 vector and regenerated onto a TB3 medium. The transformants selected for G418 antibiotic resistance colonies were monitored for mRFP1 expression. The protocol achieved a transformation efficiency ranging from 56 to 110 transformants/μg of plasmid DNA. The phenotypic bioassay of ten randomly selected transformants depicted no significant difference between the wild-type race 2047 and the transformants. Additionally, the mRFP1 tagging allowed for accurate fluorescence microscopy visualization of the infection process. This robust transformation method provides a solid foundation for functional genomic studies, including gene knockout and site-directed mutagenesis in <em>C. lindemuthianum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CPI-SMEL: A novel antibacterial and nematicidal peptide from Solanum melongena characterized as a carboxypeptidase inhibitor","authors":"Geniana S. Gomes ,&nbsp;Hebréia O. Almeida-Souza ,&nbsp;Victor D.L. Almeida ,&nbsp;Elizabeth R. Alfaro-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Tanus H.A. Pereira ,&nbsp;Paulo Wagner P. Antunes ,&nbsp;Mariana Boroni ,&nbsp;Patrícia D. Games ,&nbsp;Meire O. Barbosa ,&nbsp;Leandro G. Freitas ,&nbsp;Paulo Roberto G. Pereira ,&nbsp;Rafael J. Borges ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Baracat-Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Solanaceae</em> plants are rich sources of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), offering considerable potential for the discovery of novel molecules to address sustainable plant pathogen control strategies. Among them, <em>Solanum melongena</em>, commonly known as eggplant, has emerged as a promising candidate, with peptide extracts exhibiting potent antimicrobial properties. This study aims to identify and characterize a potent new AMP isolated from aqueous extracts of <em>Solanum melongena</em> 'Florida Market' leaves. The peptide isolation process commenced with the extraction of eggplant leaf material, followed by selective heating. Subsequently, the extract underwent ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultrafiltration to concentrate the peptide fraction. Chromatographic purification was performed using a combination of ion exchange, size exclusion, and reversed-phase HPLC techniques to achieve high purity level. The obtained fractions were analyzed using SDS-Tricine-PAGE. Peptide identification was accomplished using LC-MS/MS and automated Edman sequencing. Additionally, comprehensive bioinformatics analyses were conducted, including conservation, phylogeny, three-dimensional structure modeling, and molecular dynamics simulations, to provide insights into the peptide structure and function. The purified peptide, named CPI-SMEL, with 4.156 Da, was characterized as a carboxypeptidase inhibitor (CPI), demonstrating significant antimicrobial activity and structural stability. Evaluation against the plant pathogenic bacteria <em>Ralstonia solanacearum</em> and <em>Clavibacter michiganensis</em> subsp. <em>michiganensis</em>, as well as the root-knot nematode <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em>, revealed strong antimicrobial efficacy of two eggplant peptide extracts Pool1 and PC1. The characterization of CPI-SMEL underscores the potential of CPIs in the development of safe and sustainable plant defenses, highlighting eggplant and other <em>Solanaceae</em> species as promising sources of AMPs for effective plant pathogen management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-cultural variability, pathogenicity and molecular identification of Phytophthora cajani isolates causing blight disease of pigeonpea in India","authors":"Raj K. Mishra ,&nbsp;Abhishek Bohra ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar ,&nbsp;A.K. Parihar ,&nbsp;K.K. Hazra ,&nbsp;Sonika Pandey ,&nbsp;Monika Mishra ,&nbsp;Satheesh Naik SJ ,&nbsp;Nidhi Kumari ,&nbsp;D. Datta ,&nbsp;Smita Tiwari ,&nbsp;Naimuddin ,&nbsp;G.P. Dixit","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phytophthora</em> blight (PB) caused by <em>Phytophthora cajani</em> (<em>Pc</em>), is one of the most devastating diseases of pigeonpea. This study investigated the morphological, cultural, and pathogenic variability of 30 <em>Pc</em> isolates collected from diverse geographical regions of India. Additionally, pigeonpea genotypes were screened for resistance against <em>Pc</em> over five consecutive years (2017–2022) to identify stable resistant sources for future genetic improvement. Based on colony colour and texture, the <em>Pc</em> isolates were categorized into five groups: cottony-white fluffy (18), cottony-white mat-type (3), creamy-white fluffy (2), creamy-white mat-type (6), and light pink fluffy (1). Three isolates (<em>Pc</em>1, <em>Pc</em>24, <em>Pc</em>26) exhibited fast sporulation, with radial growth exceeding 80 mm. Regarding sporangial morphology, the isolates were classified into 3 groups, <em>i.e.,</em> papillate (14 isolates), semi-papillate (11 isolates), and non-papillate (5 isolates). Among these, isolate <em>Pc17</em> exhibited the largest sporangia (22.6 μm × 14.2 μm). Of the 30 isolates screened <em>in vivo</em>, 16 were classified as highly pathogenic, causing &gt;50 % disease mortality, with six isolates (<em>Pc</em>12, <em>Pc</em>14, <em>Pc</em>16, <em>Pc</em>18, <em>Pc</em>21, and <em>Pc</em>24) being highly aggressive causing &gt;90 % disease mortality. The pathogenicity of all <em>Pc</em> isolates was confirmed and highly pathogenic isolates were further characterized using ITS primers. Among the 30 pigeonpea genotypes tested, 13 exhibited moderate resistance over five years. Genotypes IPAC-3 and IPAPB-7-2-1-7 showed the lowest mean disease mortality (9–10 %), while IPAC-2 demonstrated the most stable performance, with a mean disease mortality of 16.2 %. Our study highlights the significant differences in morphological, cultural, and pathogenic features of <em>Pc</em> isolates. The stable resistant genotypes identified here provide promising avenues for developing durable resistance against PB in pigeonpea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolome and transcriptome analysis revealed the effect of soft rot pathogen on the metabolites of Pinellia ternata tuber","authors":"Ming Luo ,&nbsp;Jiawei Xu ,&nbsp;Yuhuan Miao ,&nbsp;Dahui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dried tuber of <em>Pinellia ternata</em> (Thunb.) Breit (<em>P. ternata</em>) is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine, with its quality directly influencing its therapeutic efficacy. However, soft rot poses a major threat to <em>P. ternata</em> production, severely reducing both yield and quality. In this study, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were employed to investigate the metabolic and transcriptional changes induced by soft rot in <em>P. ternata</em>. Following infection with soft rot bacterium, 41 down-regulated metabolites and 266 up-regulated metabolites were identified, along with 17448 down-regulated unigenes and 16926 up-regulated unigenes. The content of nucleosides, organic acids, and saccharides in the tubers were significantly affected by soft rot. KEGG analysis revealed that the metabolisms of propanoate and linoleic acid were significantly improved, while the metabolism of starch and sucrose was inhibited. Transcriptome analysis identified 10 key genes involved in these three metabolic pathways, and their expression patterns were validated by qRT-PCR. This study elucidates the impact of soft rot on <em>P. ternata</em> from changes in metabolite content and gene expression, providing a theoretical foundation for the safe medicinal use of <em>P. ternata</em> tubers and offering new insights for developing metabolite-based green strategies to prevent and control soft rot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osthole–pyrethrins combination loaded onto hollow microsphere silica nanoparticles inhibits Fusarium solani growth and controls root rot incidence in Cynanchum auriculatum","authors":"Xiaomeng Fei ,&nbsp;Bing Xie ,&nbsp;Junjie Tang ,&nbsp;Lixia Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Zheng ,&nbsp;Haifeng Kuai ,&nbsp;Simeng Li ,&nbsp;Daoguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the synergistic effects of compound bio-derived fungicide against <em>Fusarium solani</em>, the pathogen of root rot in <em>Cynanchum auriculatum</em> (CA), and the enhancement effect of loading these combinations through hollow microsphere silica nanoparticles (HMSNs). The mycelial growth rate method was used to evaluate the inhibition rates and EC₅₀ values of eight biogenic fungicides. Highly active fungicide were identified, and their co-toxicity coefficients (CTCs) and combined toxicity were determined. A pot experiment was conducted using HMSN-loaded fungicide combinations. Among the eight fungicides tested, <em>F. solani</em> showed greatest sensitivity to pyrethrins, eugenol, and osthole, with EC₅₀ values of 2.00, 9.49 and 10.90 mg/L, respectively. Of the 27 mixtures tested, the osthole–pyrethrins combination in 1:0.275 ratio exhibited the highest CTC (139.87) and the lowest EC₅₀ (4.00 mg/L), demonstrating a strong synergistic effect. The HMSN-loaded mixture (CS@HMSN) significantly inhibited <em>F. solani</em> growth at all tested concentrations. At 50 mg/L, CS@HMSN achieved the lowest disease incidence (12.50) and incidence rate (33.33 %) while also activating defense enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. This alleviated the adverse effects of <em>F. solani</em> on CA and improved plant resilience. These findings suggest that 50 mg/L CS@HMSN is a promising fungicide formulation for the biological control of CA root rot, offering an effective alternative to chemical fungicides while enhancing sustainability in production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of 2-decanone against Monilinia fructicola and its application in combination with boscalid in mitigating brown rot disease in peach fruit","authors":"Xiaorui Wang ,&nbsp;Mingming Huang ,&nbsp;Wenhui Li ,&nbsp;Yingying Shi ,&nbsp;Yinuo Tang ,&nbsp;Han Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Wu ,&nbsp;Zheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zunyang Song ,&nbsp;Jingying Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peach fruit is highly susceptible to <em>Monilinia fructicola</em> (<em>M. fructicola</em>), a pathogen that causes significant postharvest losses. Enhancing the efficacy and reducing the dosage of chemical fungicides are critical for controlling brown rot caused by <em>M. fructicola</em>. Natural volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been proposed as a selective method for managing postharvest pathogen infection. Among these, 2-decanone, a natural volatile produced by fungi and insects, has demonstrated potential in inhibiting pathogen growth. In this study, 60 μL/L 2-decanone effectively inhibited the growth of <em>M. fructicola</em> mycelia. It also reduced spore germination and appressorium formation by downregulating the expression of <em>MfBmp1</em> and <em>MfPls1</em>, respectively. In addition, 2-decanone induced spore apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and exacerbating mitochondrial damage. When applied to peach fruit, 2-decanone fumigation significantly reduced disease incidence and lesion diameter compared to the control group, without adversely affecting fruit quality during storage. Furthermore, we observed that 2-decanone exhibited synergistic effects when combined with boscalid, effectively inhibiting the growth of <em>M. fructicola</em>. Applying boscalid 15 days before harvest and fumigating with 2-decanone postharvest provided similar brown rot suppression as boscalid alone but used only one-tenth the amount of fungicide. Overall, 2-decanone fumigation presents an effective strategy for controlling postharvest brown rot disease in peaches, and its combined use with boscalid introduces a promising approach for enhancing postharvest peach fruit preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outstanding biocontrol and plant growth promotion traits of Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270 and other plant-associated Pseudomonas","authors":"Gustavo Santoyo ,&nbsp;Blanca Rojas-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Julie Hernández-Salmerón ,&nbsp;Rocío Hernández-León ,&nbsp;Daniel Rojas-Solis ,&nbsp;Gabriel Moreno-Hagelsieb ,&nbsp;Ma del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-beneficial <em>Pseudomonas</em> spp. is a group of soil bacteria with a broad metabolic and functional repertoire that has been exploited as bioinoculants to enhance crop health and production. Among them, <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> strain UM270 stands out as a biocontrol agent and plant growth promoter, which was isolated from the rhizosphere of <em>Medicago truncatula</em> plants in Morelia, Mexico. Its genome contains genes with direct and indirect beneficial functions for plants, such as the production of siderophores, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, phosphate solubilization, phenazines, cyanogens, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, proteases, indole-3-acetic acid, or antimicrobial volatiles like dimethyl disulfide and dimethylhexadecylamine, among others. Its antagonistic properties have been tested against major fungal pathogens such as <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>, <em>Diaporthe phaseolorum</em>, <em>Fusarium</em> spp., and <em>Colletotrichum lindemuthianum</em>. The UM270 strain has been shown to be beneficial (either in greenhouse or open-field conditions) for crops such as maize, common bean, husk tomato, blueberry, tomato and squash. In this review, we analyze the phylogenetic, genomic, functional and ecological interactions traits of the UM270 strain in the context of other <em>Pseudomonas</em> spp. strains, highlighting its potential as a bioinoculant to address the challenges of sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Neofusicoccum parvum small secreted proteins belonging to Alt a1 and cerato-platanin families affecting defenses in Nicotiana benthamiana and Vitis vinifera","authors":"Alexia Laura Grau ,&nbsp;Romain J.G. Pierron ,&nbsp;Charlotte Doerr ,&nbsp;Hélène Laloue ,&nbsp;Mary-Lorène Goddard ,&nbsp;Julie Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Botryosphaeria dieback, which is associated with xylem-inhabiting <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> fungi, is one of the major Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs) responsible for significant reduction of longevity and productivity of grapevine. Since the ban of sodium arsenite, no efficient treatment is available to fight against GTDs. <em>Neofusicoccum parvum</em> is considered as one of the most aggressive <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> causing wood decay. However, little is known about the molecular players of host-pathogen interaction. In this study, we characterize three small secreted proteins (NpCP1, NpAA1.1, and NpAA1.2) from <em>N. parvum</em>, previously isolated by their affinity for arsenite. Sequence and structure analysis revealed that these secreted proteins belong to cerato-platanin and major allergen Alt a1 families, and have strong structure similarity with known effectors from other pathogenic fungi. <em>NpCP1</em>, <em>NpAA1.1</em>, and <em>NpAA1.2</em> expression was early induced after infection of grapevine wood with <em>N. parvum</em>, suggesting a role in the colonization process. Further investigation of the role of these secreted proteins was realized after transient overexpression in <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> and <em>Vitis vinifera</em>. Whereas their expression did not trigger extensive cell death in both systems, our work shows that these small secreted proteins could differentially manipulate the expression of defense genes after agroinfiltration, and could thus be considered as effectors. More specifically, downregulation of enzymes involved in ROS production and ethylene biosynthesis suggests a role during wood colonization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-oxygen-voltage photoreceptor-regulated virulence in the pathogenic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas piscicida X-8 of a farmed seaweed bleaching disease","authors":"Lingyuan He ,&nbsp;Yajing Dong ,&nbsp;Mengxin Wang ,&nbsp;Yujiang Wang ,&nbsp;Renjie Wang ,&nbsp;Qin Lin ,&nbsp;Mingyu Ma ,&nbsp;Weifeng Gong ,&nbsp;Gaoge Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The outbreaks of bleaching disease of the farmed <em>Saccharina japonica</em> are closely associated with the increased light intensity at the late nursery stage. Based on the light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) photoreceptor in the causative bacterium <em>Pseudoalteromonas piscicida</em> X-8 (PpX-8), we hypothesize that PpX-8 has a light-regulated virulence mechanism through LOV photoreceptors as those in phytopathogenic bacteria. In this study, combining infection assays, bioinformatics approaches, and gene knockout techniques, we investigated the light-regulated virulence mechanism of PpX-8. Our results showed that white light negatively affected the growth but enhanced both motility and virulence of PpX-8 compared to darkness. The light-oxygen-voltage photoreceptor of PpX-8 (PpX-8-LOV) was found to negatively regulate growth and biofilm formation under white light while enhancing motility and virulence at the initial stage of infection. Furthermore, the photoreceptor PpX-8-LOV up-regulated the expression of genes involved in quorum sensing, iron acquisition, and the type II secretion system, thereby enhancing the virulence of PpX-8. This study provides valuable insights for <em>S</em>. <em>japonica</em> farms to optimize light management strategies, thereby effectively preventing or reducing the occurrence of bleaching disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the efficient transmission of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (Polerovirus CABYV) by Aphis gossypii glover in bitter gourd","authors":"Sundaravadivel Sathiya Priya ,&nbsp;Mariappan Suganthy ,&nbsp;Perumal Renukadevi ,&nbsp;Marimuthu Murugan","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Polerovirus cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) infecting bitter gourd was efficiently transmitted, manifesting in symptoms like leaf cupping, complete yellowing, chlorotic patches, and orange discoloration of young leaves, accompanied by vein thickening. Older leaves exhibited dark green mottling, yellowing along the margins, and a leathery texture. In field conditions, the aphid population (8.95 per plant) and CABYV incidence (85.6 %) were the highest in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, while the greatest yield loss of up to 72.38 % occurred in Erode district. Molecular characterization confirmed the presence of CABYV in 19 out of 23 plant samples collected from various locations in Tamil Nadu through PCR. The aphid species <em>Aphis gossypii</em> was identified via morphological traits and PCR with MtCOI primers. Aphids required a minimum of 30 min for the acquisition access period (AAP) to become viruliferous, resulting in 30 % transmission of CABYV. The inoculation access period (IAP) of 30 min for viruliferous aphids led to 46.67 % transmission, with a gradual increase in transmission percentage as IAP increased. At 7 h (h) of both AAP and IAP, 100 % transmission was observed. A single viruliferous aphid transmitted CABYV in 33.33 % of cases, while a minimum of ten aphids was necessary for complete transmission. Aphids successfully retained and transmitted CABYV for at least five days, with transmission being sporadic. Despite its significance, no previous studies have investigated the virus-vector interaction in CABYV transmission. This study offers the first comprehensive analysis of CABYV transmission dynamics through <em>Aphis gossypii</em>, providing valuable new insights into its epidemiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}