Pharmaceutics最新文献_第2页

Acai Oil-Based Organogel Containing Hyaluronic Acid for Topical Cosmetic: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Assessment 含透明质酸的巴西莓油基有机凝胶用于局部美容：体外和体内评估

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091195

Suellen Christtine da Costa Sanches, Lindalva Maria de Meneses Costa Ferreira, Rayanne Rocha Pereira, Desireé Gyles Lynch, Ingryd Nayara de Farias Ramos, André Salim Khayat, José Otávio Carrera Silva-Júnior, Alessandra Rossi, Roseane Maria Ribeiro-Costa

{"title":"Acai Oil-Based Organogel Containing Hyaluronic Acid for Topical Cosmetic: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Assessment","authors":"Suellen Christtine da Costa Sanches, Lindalva Maria de Meneses Costa Ferreira, Rayanne Rocha Pereira, Desireé Gyles Lynch, Ingryd Nayara de Farias Ramos, André Salim Khayat, José Otávio Carrera Silva-Júnior, Alessandra Rossi, Roseane Maria Ribeiro-Costa","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091195","url":null,"abstract":"Organogels are semi-solid pharmaceutical forms whose dispersing phase is an organic liquid, for example, an oil, such as acai oil, immobilized by a three-dimensional network formed by the gelling agent. Organogels are being highlighted as innovative release systems for cosmetic active ingredients such as hyaluronic acid for topical applications. Acai oil was evaluated for its physicochemical parameters, fatty acid composition, lipid quality index, spectroscopic pattern (Attenuated total reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), thermal behavior, total phenolic, total flavonoids, and total carotenoids and β-carotene content. The effectiveness of the organogel incorporated with hyaluronic acid (OG + HA) was evaluated through ex vivo permeation and skin retention tests, in vitro tests by Attenuated total reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The physicochemical analyses highlighted that the acai oil exhibited quality standards in agreement with the regulatory bodies. Acai oil also showed high antioxidant capacity, which was correlated with the identified bioactive compounds. The cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the formulation OG + HA does not release toxic substances into the biological environment that could impede cell growth, adhesion, and efficacy. In vitro and ex vivo analyses demonstrated that after 6 h of application, OG + HA presented a high level of hydration, thermal protection and release of HA. Thus, it can be concluded that the OG + HA formulation has the potential for physical–chemical applications, antioxidant quality, and potentially promising efficacy for application in the cosmetic areas.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Powder Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Mitotane: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation 米托坦粉末自乳化给药系统：体外和体内评估

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091194

Mohamed Skiba, Valentin Lefébure, Frederic Bounoure, Nicolas Milon, Michael Thomas, Herve Lefebvre, Lahiani-Skiba Malika

{"title":"Powder Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Mitotane: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation","authors":"Mohamed Skiba, Valentin Lefébure, Frederic Bounoure, Nicolas Milon, Michael Thomas, Herve Lefebvre, Lahiani-Skiba Malika","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091194","url":null,"abstract":"Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs) of known drugs are prominent candidates for new and more effective treatments of various diseases, as they may increase drug solubility, dissolution velocity, and bioavailability. Mitotane (o,p′-dichlorodimethyl dichloroethane [o,p′-DDD]) is used for the treatment of adrenocortical cancer and, occasionally, Cushing’s syndrome. However, the efficacy of mitotane is limited by its low oral bioavailability, caused by its extremely poor aqueous solubility. This research explores the development of a new powder self-emulsifying drug delivery system (P-SEDDS) for mitotane to improve its oral bioavailability. The study focuses on the new concept of a mitotane-loaded P-SEDDS to overcome the challenges associated with its limited solubility and high logP, thereby improving its therapeutic efficacy, reducing off-target toxicity, and avoiding first-pass metabolism. The P-SEDDS formulations were meticulously designed using only α-cyclodextrin and oil, with the goal of achieving a stable and efficient P-SEDDS. The optimized formulation was characterized for pharmaceutical properties, and its pharmacokinetic behavior was examined in rats. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in the bioavailability of mitotane when delivered through the P-SEDDS, attributed to the increased dissolution velocity and improved absorption of the poorly water-soluble drug. The results suggest that a mitotane-loaded P-SEDDS has distinctly enhanced in vitro and in vivo performance compared with conventional mitotane formulations (Lysodren®), which leads to the conclusion that the P-SEDDS formulation could be a viable and effective strategy for improving the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly aqueous-soluble ingredients.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial on Special Issue “Recent Advances in Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications” 特刊 "水凝胶在生物医学应用中的最新进展 "社论

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091193

Marija M. Babić Radić

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin–Tazobactam in Critically Ill Patients with Open Abdomen and Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure: Dosing Considerations Using Monte Carlo Simulation 哌拉西林-他唑巴坦在开腹和真空辅助伤口闭合重症患者中的药代动力学：使用蒙特卡罗模拟的剂量考虑因素

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091191

Cédric Carrié, Jesse Butruille, Sophie Maingault, Alexandre Lannou, Vincent Dubuisson, Laurent Petit, Matthieu Biais, Dominique Breilh

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin–Tazobactam in Critically Ill Patients with Open Abdomen and Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure: Dosing Considerations Using Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"Cédric Carrié, Jesse Butruille, Sophie Maingault, Alexandre Lannou, Vincent Dubuisson, Laurent Petit, Matthieu Biais, Dominique Breilh","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091191","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Open abdomen with vacuum-assisted wound closure therapy (OA/VAC) is frequently used in critically ill patients although the impact of OA/VAC on antibiotics pharmacokinetics (PK) remains unknown. We thus aimed to characterize the PK of piperacillin–tazobactam (PTZ) in critically ill patients with OA/VAC and assess the optimal dosing regimens based on pharmacodynamics (PD) target attainment. Methods: Over a 15-month study period, 45 patients with OA/VAC treated with PTZ administered continuously and adapted to 24 h creatinine clearance (CLCR) underwent measurements of free concentrations in their plasma, urine, VAC exudate, and peritoneal fluid. Population PK modeling was performed considering the effect of covariates, and Monte Carlo simulations were employed to determine the probability of target attainment (PTA) for the PK/PD targets (100%fT > 16 mg/L) in the plasma and at the peritoneal site at steady state. Results: Piperacillin concentrations were described using a two-compartment model, with age and total body weight as significant covariates for central volume of distribution (V1) and estimated renal function for clearance (CL). Tazobactam concentrations were described using a two-compartment model with estimated renal function as a significant covariate. The central volume of distributions V1 of piperacillin and tazobactam were 21.2 and 23.2 L, respectively. The VAC-induced peritoneal clearance was negligible compared to renal clearance. Most patients achieved the desirable PK/PD target when using a CLCR-pondered PTZ dosing regimen from 12 g/1.5 g/day to 20 g/2.5 g/day. Conclusions: Despite a wide inter-individual variability, the influence of OA/VAC on piperacillin and tazobactam PK parameters is not straightforward. The use of a CLCR-pondered PTZ dosing regimen from 12 g/1.5 g/day to 20 g/2.5 g/day is needed to reach a PTA > 85%.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Binary and Ternary Inclusion Complexes of Niflumic Acid: Synthesis, Characterization, and Dissolution Profile 硝氟酸的二元和三元包合物：合成、表征和溶解曲线

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091190

Zohra Bouchekhou, Amel Hadj Ziane-Zafour, Florentina Geanina Lupascu, Bianca-Ștefania Profire, Alina Nicolescu, Denisse-Iulia Bostiog, Florica Doroftei, Ioan-Andrei Dascalu, Cristian-Dragoș Varganici, Mariana Pinteala, Lenuta Profire, Tudor Pinteala, Bachir Bouzid

{"title":"Binary and Ternary Inclusion Complexes of Niflumic Acid: Synthesis, Characterization, and Dissolution Profile","authors":"Zohra Bouchekhou, Amel Hadj Ziane-Zafour, Florentina Geanina Lupascu, Bianca-Ștefania Profire, Alina Nicolescu, Denisse-Iulia Bostiog, Florica Doroftei, Ioan-Andrei Dascalu, Cristian-Dragoș Varganici, Mariana Pinteala, Lenuta Profire, Tudor Pinteala, Bachir Bouzid","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091190","url":null,"abstract":"Although niflumic acid (NA) is one of the most used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it suffers from poor solubility, low bioavailability, and significant adverse effects. To address these limitations, the complexation of NA with cyclodextrins (CDs) is a promising strategy. However, complexing CDs with low molecular weight drugs like NA can lead to low CE. This study explores the development of inclusion complexes of NA with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2HP-β-CD), including the effect of converting NA to its sodium salt (NAs) and adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on complex formation. Inclusion complexes were prepared using co-evaporation solvent and freeze-drying methods, and their CE and Ks were determined through a phase solubility study. The complexes were characterized using physicochemical analyses, including FT-IR, DSC, SEM, XRD, DLS, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, and 1H-ROESY. The dissolution profiles of the complexes were also evaluated. The analyses confirmed complex formation for all systems, demonstrating drug–cyclodextrin interactions, amorphous drug states, morphological changes, and improved solubility and dissolution profiles. The NAs-2HP-β-CD-HPMC complex exhibited the highest CE and Ks values, a 1:1 host-guest molar ratio, and the best dissolution profile. The results indicate that the NAs-2HP-β-CD-HPMC complex has potential for delivering NA, which might enhance its therapeutic effectiveness and minimize side effects.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Trends in Dissolving-Microneedle Technology for Antimicrobial Skin-Infection Therapies 用于皮肤感染抗菌疗法的溶解微针技术的新趋势

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091188

Rui Luo, Huihui Xu, Qiaoni Lin, Jiaying Chi, Tingzhi Liu, Bingrui Jin, Jiayu Ou, Zejun Xu, Tingting Peng, Guilan Quan, Chao Lu

{"title":"Emerging Trends in Dissolving-Microneedle Technology for Antimicrobial Skin-Infection Therapies","authors":"Rui Luo, Huihui Xu, Qiaoni Lin, Jiaying Chi, Tingzhi Liu, Bingrui Jin, Jiayu Ou, Zejun Xu, Tingting Peng, Guilan Quan, Chao Lu","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091188","url":null,"abstract":"Skin and soft-tissue infections require significant consideration because of their prolonged treatment duration and propensity to rapidly progress, resulting in severe complications. The primary challenge in their treatment stems from the involvement of drug-resistant microorganisms that can form impermeable biofilms, as well as the possibility of infection extending deep into tissues, thereby complicating drug delivery. Dissolving microneedle patches are an innovative transdermal drug-delivery system that effectively enhances drug penetration through the stratum corneum barrier, thereby increasing drug concentration at the site of infection. They offer highly efficient, safe, and patient-friendly alternatives to conventional topical formulations. This comprehensive review focuses on recent advances and emerging trends in dissolving-microneedle technology for antimicrobial skin-infection therapy. Conventional antibiotic microneedles are compared with those based on emerging antimicrobial agents, such as quorum-sensing inhibitors, antimicrobial peptides, and antimicrobial-matrix materials. The review also highlights the potential of innovative microneedles incorporating chemodynamic, nanoenzyme antimicrobial, photodynamic, and photothermal antibacterial therapies. This review explores the advantages of various antimicrobial therapies and emphasizes the potential of their combined application to improve the efficacy of microneedles. Finally, this review analyzes the druggability of different antimicrobial microneedles and discusses possible future developments.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic Chemo-Immunotherapy: Recombinant Fusion Protein-Based Surface Modification of NK Cell for Targeted Cancer Treatment 协同化疗-免疫疗法：基于重组融合蛋白的 NK 细胞表面修饰用于癌症靶向治疗

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091189

Su Yeon Lim, Luna Kim, Hongbin Kim, Jeong-Ann Park, Jina Yun, Kwang Suk Lim

{"title":"Synergistic Chemo-Immunotherapy: Recombinant Fusion Protein-Based Surface Modification of NK Cell for Targeted Cancer Treatment","authors":"Su Yeon Lim, Luna Kim, Hongbin Kim, Jeong-Ann Park, Jina Yun, Kwang Suk Lim","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091189","url":null,"abstract":"While traditional combination anticancer treatments have shown promising results, there remains significant interest in developing innovative methods to enhance and integrate chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This study introduces a recombinant fusion protein-based cell surface modification system that synergistically combines chemotherapy and immunotherapy into a single-targeted chemo-immunotherapy approach. A cell surface-modified protein composed of an antibody-specific binding domain and a cell-penetrating domain rapidly converts immune cells into chemo-immuno therapeutics by binding to antibodies on the surface of immune cells. Utilizing a non-invasive, non-toxic approach free of chemical modifications and binding, our system homogeneously transforms immune cells by transiently introducing targeted cytotoxic drugs into them. The surface-engineered immune cells loaded with antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) significantly inhibit the growth of target tumors and enhance the targeted elimination of cancer cells. Therefore, NK cells modified by the cell surface-modified protein to incorporate ADCs could be expected to achieve the combined effects of targeted cancer cell recognition, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, thereby enhancing their therapeutic efficacy against cancer. This strategy allows for the efficient and rapid preparation of advanced chemo-immuno therapeutics to treat various types of cancer and provides significant potential to improve the efficacy of cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and Safety of Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant in Diabetic Macular Edema: Practical Guidelines from Reference Center 醋酸氟西诺龙植入剂治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的有效性和安全性：参考资料中心的实用指南

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091183

Lucas Sejournet, Thibaud Mathis, Victor Vermot-Desroches, Rita Serra, Ines Fenniri, Philippe Denis, Laurent Kodjikian

引用次数: 0

Extracts from Wheat, Maize, and Sunflower Waste as Natural Raw Materials for Cosmetics: Value-Added Products Reaching Sustainability Goals 从小麦、玉米和向日葵废料中提取精华作为化妆品的天然原料：实现可持续发展目标的增值产品

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091182

Milica Lukić, Ana Ćirić, Dragana D. Božić, Jelena Antić Stanković, Đorđe Medarević, Zoran Maksimović

{"title":"Extracts from Wheat, Maize, and Sunflower Waste as Natural Raw Materials for Cosmetics: Value-Added Products Reaching Sustainability Goals","authors":"Milica Lukić, Ana Ćirić, Dragana D. Božić, Jelena Antić Stanković, Đorđe Medarević, Zoran Maksimović","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091182","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural waste is underutilized, and sometimes burning them has a negative impact on the environment and human health. This research investigates the untapped potential of extracts from maize, wheat and sunflower waste as natural materials for cutaneous, specifically, cosmetic application. The possibility of incorporating lipid and ethanol extracts from wheat, maize, and sunflower into creams was investigated together with their potential contribution to the structural and functional properties of the topical formulations. Results of the physicochemical characterization show that investigated extracts can be successfully incorporated into creams with satisfactory stability. All extracts showed a desirable safety profile and good antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms. Lipid extracts have proven to be promising structural ingredients of the oil phase, contributing to the spreadability, occlusivity, and emollient effect. Ethanol extracts influenced washability and stickiness of the formulation and could be considered as prospective ingredients in self-preserving formulations. The extracts affected the sensory properties of the creams, mainly the smell and color. These results suggest that the extracts from wheat, maize, and sunflower waste could be used as multifunctional natural ingredients for cosmetic formulations which can replace less sustainable raw materials. This also represents a valorization of waste and is in line with broader sustainability goals.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management: From Traditional Treatments to Monoclonal Antibodies and Future Drug Delivery Systems 炎症性肠病治疗的进展：从传统疗法到单克隆抗体和未来的给药系统

IF 5.4 3区医学

Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091185

Annalisa Di Rienzo, Lisa Marinelli, Marilisa Pia Dimmito, Eleonora Chiara Toto, Antonio Di Stefano, Ivana Cacciatore

{"title":"Advancements in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management: From Traditional Treatments to Monoclonal Antibodies and Future Drug Delivery Systems","authors":"Annalisa Di Rienzo, Lisa Marinelli, Marilisa Pia Dimmito, Eleonora Chiara Toto, Antonio Di Stefano, Ivana Cacciatore","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics16091185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091185","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder with two main subtypes: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition, dysbiosis, and immune dysregulation. Complications include perianal lesions, strictures, fistulas, perforations, and an increased risk of colon cancer. Clinical classification ranges from mild to fulminant and recurrent disease, with common symptoms such as abdominal discomfort, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and weight loss. Extraintestinal manifestations include arthritis, erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, and uveitis. Conventional treatments using aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators have limitations. Biologics, introduced in the 1990s, offer improved efficacy and specificity, targeting factors like TNF-α, integrins, and cytokines. Monoclonal antibodies play a crucial role in IBD management, aiming to reduce relapses, hospitalizations, and surgeries. In conclusion, this review is aimed at summarizing the latest knowledge, advantages, and drawbacks of IBD therapies, such as small molecules, biologics, and monoclonal antibodies, to provide a basis for further research in the IBD field.","PeriodicalId":19894,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0