Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Sensorimotor and Sex Influence on Spatial Orientation when Sitting and Standing.","authors":"Josef Rask, Per-Anders Fransson, Rolf Johansson, Måns Magnusson, Fredrik Tjernström","doi":"10.1177/00315125251372271","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251372271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When patients experience peripheral vestibular or certain central disorders causing dizziness or vertigo, this is sometimes associated with experiencing also disrupted spatial orientation, which may be accentuated by exposure to a distorted visual environment. This study explores the impact of sensorimotor factors and sex on spatial orientation in sitting and standing positions. In the Rod-and-Frame test, the participant views a rod - with and without a surrounding tilted frame - and is assigned to align the rod vertically or horizontally. A systematic misalignment of the rod due to the tilted frame is considered a visual field dependent behavior. Our objective was to determine whether healthy young adults perform the Rod-and-Frame test equally well when sitting and standing, and to determine the test-retest reliability. Twenty-four participants, 12 males and 12 females (M age = 25.5 years, standard deviation (SD) = 2.8 years) (males M age = 26.3 SD 3.1; females M age = 24.8 SD 2.4), performed identical Rod-and-Frame tests two times - exactly one week between the tests - in a completely dark room while standing and sitting. The participants were assigned to align a luminous rod horizontally and vertically with no frame of reference; with the rod surrounded by a luminous frame tilted 20° clockwise; and 20° counterclockwise. The participants were significantly more field dependent while sitting than while standing during the clockwise frame condition. Females were significantly more field dependent than males in the sitting clockwise and counterclockwise frame conditions. The test-retest evaluation was significantly non-zero for all test conditions and most ICC values were within the \"good reliability\" range. Thus, during the test conditions with increased sensorimotor information, the participants were less affected by distortive visual information. Additionally, females were more affected by distortive visual information than males while sitting. The Rod-and-Frame test proved robust, providing similar results when repeated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"849-869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptual-Motor Patterns in European Elite Basketball: Efficiency and Usage of Offensive Play-Types Across Six Male Leagues.","authors":"Enrique Alonso-Pérez-Chao, Pierpaolo Sansone, Hugo Salazar, Alberto Lorenzo, Sergio L Jiménez Sáiz, Álvaro Bustamante-Sánchez","doi":"10.1177/00315125251380988","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251380988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elite European men's basketball features a wide range of offensive play-types designed to create high-quality scoring opportunities. Understanding the use and effectiveness of these actions is essential for performance analysis and tactical planning. This study explored perceptual-motor patterns in elite basketball through a comparative analysis of offensive play-type usage and scoring efficiency across six major European leagues during the 2022-2023 season. A total of 5,044 possessions from top-ranked teams were analyzed using Synergy Sports data, classifying each action by play-type and measuring effectiveness through points per possession (PPP). Results showed that Spanish teams favored Pick & Roll Ball Handler (P&R BH) and Spot Up actions, French and German teams exhibited higher usage of Isolation and Transition plays, while Greek and Turkish teams leaned toward Cut and Post Up actions. Efficiency metrics revealed that although usage patterns varied, certain play-types such as Cuts and Transition consistently produced higher PPP across leagues. Differences in ε² values suggested medium-to-large effects in usage and efficiency variability between countries. These findings highlight how tactical preferences and contextual league structures shape the perceptual-motor strategies used in elite basketball. The findings reveal which offensive play-types are most efficient and frequently used across leagues, providing valuable insights for tailoring offensive schemes to specific contexts. Coaches can use these results to prioritize play-types that yield higher effectiveness in particular leagues, while scouts may identify players whose experience aligns with specific tactical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1119-1133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145431623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Assessment of Trunk Control in Ambulant Individuals With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.","authors":"Cristhina Bonilha Huster Siegle, Flaviana Kelly de Lima Maciel, Cristina Dos Santos Cardoso de Sá","doi":"10.1177/00315125251380984","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251380984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AimTo evaluate the evolution of trunk control in individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) over a period of 12 months.MethodsLongitudinal study involving individuals with DMD categorized from Vignos (staging scale with a grade of 1 to 10 for clinical progression of the disease, with 1 to 6 individuals who can walk and 7 to 10 individuals who use wheelchairs) 1 to 6. Initial assessments were conducted, followed by assessments after 6 and 12 months. The Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control was used.ResultsThe sample consisted of 18 individuals, with 2 dropouts by the third assessment. Initially, 38% of individuals were in Vignos 2; 33% in Vignos 3; 12% in Vignos 4; 12% in Vignos 5; and 5% in Vignos 6. There was notable heterogeneity in trunk control levels concerning disease staging, with individuals showing the same Vignos but different trunk control levels, or different Vignos with similar trunk control. The median trunk control level according to the scale used ranged from 7 (complete trunk control) to 5 (upper lumbar trunk control) during the study period. A significant decline in trunk control was observed both at the 6-month and 12-month assessments.ConclusionThe decline in trunk control in individuals with DMD begins even during their ambulant phase. The 6-month interval between assessments indicates a noticeable deterioration in this control. Therefore, assessments every 6 months are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1018-1033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Coach's Drawing and Visuospatial Abilities on Visual Attention and Soccer Tactics Memorization: An Eye-Tracking Study.","authors":"Sabrine Tlili, Hatem Ben Mahfoudh, Bachir Zoudji","doi":"10.1177/00315125251391658","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251391658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Generated drawing is a specific instructional approach that has been investigated in academic settings. However, in sports, tactical drawings are often presented based more on coaches' preferences than on empirical evidence. This study examines the impact of coach's drawing and the moderating role of Visuospatial Abilities (VSA) on soccer tactical memorization and visual attention. A total of 54 male university students, all novices in soccer, were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In the static-drawing condition, participants viewed a pre-drawn tactical diagram while listening to an oral explanation. In the dynamic-drawing condition, they observed the coach actively drawing the diagram while providing the same explanation. Initially, individuals' VSA were assessed through a control test. Subsequently, in a main test, participants memorized and reproduced the tactical scene while their gaze was recorded with an eye-tracking system. Key findings reveal a moderating effect of VSA, as high-VSA participants benefited more from the dynamic-drawing condition and showed more effective visual processing, supporting the ability-as-enhancer hypothesis. In contrast, low-VSA participants showed no significant benefit from the coach's dynamic-drawing and demonstrated less effective visual processing, indicating difficulties in extracting and interpreting diagram elements. These results highlight the importance of adapting instructional drawing strategies based on individual cognitive characteristics, particularly VSA, to optimize visual attention and memorization from narrated tactical diagrams.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"997-1017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Gestational Trimester Influence Walking Parameters in Pregnant Women During a Dual-Task Activity?","authors":"Stéfanie Defaveri Ciotta, Raquel Saccani, Guilherme Auler Brodt, José Mauro Madi, Leandro Viçosa Bonetti","doi":"10.1177/00315125251381865","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251381865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the potential influences of different gestational periods on the spatiotemporal parameters of the gait and cognitive performance during a dual-task (DT) activity. This study included the gestational group (GG) comprised 20 pregnant women (mean age of 30.48 years) and the control group (CG) consisted of 20 healthy, non-pregnant women (mean age of 28.30 years). The GG was evaluated during the second trimester (mean gestational age of 23.15 weeks) and again in the third trimester (mean gestational age of 35.95 weeks), whereas the CG was assessed at a single time point. Participants performed a verbal fluency cognitive task followed by a gait assessment. Subsequently, participants completed a DT activity, which involved performing the gait task simultaneously with the verbal fluency cognitive task. To assess differences in spatiotemporal gait and cognitive variables between groups, regardless of the type of task performed, a two-factor ANOVA (group and task) was used. Significant differences were observed only in cadence (Sig = 0.024; η² = 0.127, medium effect size) and cognitive performance (Sig = 0.001; η² = 0.583, large effect size), both of which were negatively affected under DT conditions, regardless of the gestational trimester. However, different gestational trimesters did not significantly affect spatiotemporal gait or cognitive parameters during DT activities. The addition of a verbal fluency task to gait did not markedly affect most of the analyzed spatiotemporal parameters, suggesting that pregnant women, are capable of performing DT gait activities effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1034-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Based Differences in Acute Physiological and Psychological Responses to a Classical HIFT Tabata Protocol Modified with Short Efforts.","authors":"Diego Ferraro-Farro, Darío Trujillo-Baameiro, Cristine Lima Alberton, Stefano Benítez-Flores","doi":"10.1177/00315125251376390","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251376390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Tabata-based High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) elicits hybrid adaptations in both cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular systems. However, its high Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) may limit its feasibility. <b>Purpose:</b> This study aimed to analyze the acute physiological and psychological responses to a modified low-volume Tabata-based HIFT incorporating short efforts, with a focus on potential differences between sexes. <b>Research Design:</b> A single low-volume modified Tabata HIFT session was performed, comprising eight rounds of four exercises (Burpees, Mountain Climbers, Jumping Jacks, and Thrusters using two 2 kg dumbbells), involving 32 efforts of 5 seconds, interspersed with 10 seconds of passive recovery (∼8 minutes). <b>Study Sample:</b> Sixteen healthy moderately to highly physically active young adults (9 males and 7 females [age: 28.2 ± 4.9 years; Body Mass Index [BMI]: 24.0 ± 2.6 kg·m^-2]) participated in the study. Data Collection: Physiological (Heart Rate [HR], HR Variability, and HR Recovery) and psychological (Category Ratio 10 RPE Scale [CR-10 RPE], Feeling Scale [FS], Exercise Task Self-Efficacy, Intention, and Enjoyment) variables were assessed. <b>Results:</b> Participants spent most of the session time (∼6 minutes / 75% of exercise volume) within 90-100% of maximal HR (HR_max), presenting no significant sex-based differences in HR-related values (<i>p</i> > 0.05), nor in the total repetitions performed across exercises and rounds (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Both sexes exhibited positive Affective Valence; however, females reported higher FS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05), as well as greater Intention scores for engaging in HIFT 3 and 5 times·wk^-1 compared to males (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest that the modified low-volume Tabata HIFT protocol induces high cardiorespiratory strain, is well tolerated, and that females report greater Affective Valence response and Intention to participate than males.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1072-1098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Motor Imagery Training in Improving Motor Skills in Preschool Children: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Ichrak Abdelkefi, Sana Jarraya, Liwa Masmoudi, Dorra Jallali, Nesrine Ben Mansour, Mohamed Jarraya","doi":"10.1177/00315125251391881","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251391881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Motor skill development in early childhood is a critical determinant of later physical, cognitive, and social outcomes. Although motor imagery (MI) training is recognized as an effective approach to enhancing motor performance, its application in preschool children has been scarcely investigated. <b>Purpose:</b> To assess the effect of MI training on motor skills in preschool children. <b>Research Design:</b> Randomized controlled trial with three groups: MI group (MIG; n = 16), physical activity group (PAG; n = 15), and control group (CG; n = 15). <b>Study Sample:</b> 46 children (23 females; 23 males; age = 5.4 ± 0.3 years) from the same preschool. <b>Data Collection and/or Analysis:</b> The participants were evaluated at baseline and after the intervention. They all completed the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC-2) to assess motor skills. <b>Results:</b> MI training led to significant improvements in manual dexterity, ball skills, and balance compared to the CG and the physical activity group PAG. <b>Conclusions:</b> MI is a promising approach for enhancing motor skill development in preschool settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"973-996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145368488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Muscle Relaxation on Motor Control: Comparison Between Ballistic and Ramp Task Methods.","authors":"Hitomi Matsumoto, Yuma Takenaka, Tomotaka Suzuki, Naoko Shimadu, Kenichi Sugawara","doi":"10.1177/00315125251374115","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251374115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The control of muscle relaxation is not simply the cessation of a muscle contraction, but a dynamic control mechanism for the next movement. Muscle relaxation is triggered by neurophysiological control of the central nervous system. Here, two relaxation strategies were compared, Ballistic and Ramp conditions, and the dynamics of excitability changes between the two relaxation strategies were analyzed. The Ballistic and Ramp conditions were established using visual triggers and response sounds from 20% of the maximum voluntary contraction output of the right wrist joint. The excitability of the motor cortex involved in the onset of relaxation was assessed using muscle tension or electromyography as an indicator for the onset of relaxation at -100, -50, and 0 ms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess the excitability of the motor cortex at -100, -50, and 0 ms during the response onset tone and visual trigger. The H-reflex was derived from the flexor carpi radialis. There were no differences in the H-reflex between the conditions. In the Ballistic condition, the motor evoked potential was significantly higher at 0 ms, just before muscle relaxation, than at other time points (<i>p</i> < .05). In the Ramp condition, motor evoked potential was attenuated at 0 ms immediately before muscle relaxation compared with that at -100 ms (<i>p</i> < .05). During the onset of muscle relaxation, the excitability of the primary motor cortex showed a transient increase at different timings, depending on the relaxation method used. Thus, we can understand the key timing and methodology for the initiation of relaxation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"870-884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: \"Novel Clinical Assessment of Visual, Vestibular, Somatosensory, and Autonomic Function: Establishing Test Re-Test Reliability in a Healthy Population\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00315125261435348","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125261435348","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Early Success in Cadet and Junior World Championships Extend Elite Judo Careers?","authors":"Danilo França Conceição-Santos, Monica Yuri Takito, Emerson Franchini","doi":"10.1177/00315125251386951","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251386951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the impact of early success in cadet and junior World Championships on career longevity among elite judo athletes, focusing on the critical transition from junior to senior levels. Using survival analysis, we examined dropout rates and career durations for medalists and non-medalists, defining career termination as a period of at least two consecutive years without international competition. The results from the Cox regression showed that medalists exhibited significantly lower risks of career termination in certain years (e.g., 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016), with reductions ranging from 43% to 75%. However, this protective effect was inconsistent, with no significant differences observed in other years. Factors such as injuries, performance stagnation, and structural changes in the International Judo Federation's ranking system likely contributed to these variations, particularly during years of significant policy shifts. Our findings highlight the importance of early success in extending career duration while emphasizing that it is not a guaranteed predictor of long-term success. These insights indicate the need for tailored athlete development programs that address physical, psychological, and social dimensions, as well as further research to understand the mechanisms supporting career longevity and inform policies aimed at sustaining elite judo athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"959-972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}