Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Between-Day Reliability of Visuomotor Response Times Under Stroboscopic Conditions Varying in Difficulty.","authors":"Daniel Büchel, Thorben Hülsdünker, Jochen Baumeister","doi":"10.1177/00315125251382784","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251382784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroboscopic training (ST) effectively enhances visuomotor performance in athletes, yet the dose-response relationship between ST difficulty and performance remains unclear. This study investigated the influence of ST difficulty on visuomotor response times (RTs) and assessed the reliability of RTs under stroboscopic vision.Twenty-two healthy young individuals performed a visuomotor response task on three separate days, responding to light-based stimuli under normal and stroboscopic vision at three difficulty levels (FAST = 6 Hz; MEDIUM = 4 Hz; SLOW = 2.25 Hz). Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Coefficients of Variation (CoV) assessed relative and absolute reliability. Repeated measures ANOVAs examined the effects of difficulty (NORMAL, FAST, MEDIUM, SLOW) and session day (I, II, III) on RTs.Results showed significantly slower RTs at higher difficulty levels (<i>p</i> < .001), while session day had no significant effect. Reliability analysis revealed good to excellent relative reliability for NORMAL, FAST, and MEDIUM conditions, but moderate reliability for SLOW. Absolute reliability was acceptable across all conditions (<5%).These results suggest a dose-response relationship between ST difficulty and RTs. The inter-individual variability in RTs under stroboscopic vision highlights the need for individualized ST difficulties. The high reliability scores suggest that performance changes following ST stem from functional adaptations rather than habituation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"903-919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergonomic Solutions for Referee Mistakes: A Visual Assessment of the Environment in Boxing Competitions.","authors":"Merve Uca, Ednan Ayvaz, Zafer Yıldız","doi":"10.1177/00315125251379145","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251379145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This study examines whether transparent boxing ring ropes increase referees' visual access and improve scoring accuracy and consistency. <b>Purpose:</b> In total, 25 certified international referees, (20 scoring judges and 5 supervisory officials) who were judging matches between the same athletes in both traditional and transparent roped rings, participated in the study. <b>Research Design:</b> Scoring was conducted according to five predefined zones (A-E) of the boxing ring using a counterbalanced experimental design. <b>Study Sample:</b> A one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant scoring discrepancy in Zone D under the traditional-rope condition (F(5, 90) = 2.442, <i>p</i> = .040). Dunnett's post-hoc test showed that one referee's scores significantly diverged from the video-based reference scores established via multi-angle review (<i>p</i> = 0.007), while no such discrepancies were observed in the transparent rope setting. <b>Data Collection and/or Analysis:</b> Independent samples t-tests indicated that there were significantly higher, more consistent scores across all zones when transparent ropes were used (all <i>p</i> < .05; Cohen's d = 0.36-0.50). <b>Results:</b> On average, referees awarded between 1.2 and 1.5 more points per scoring zone when using transparent ropes compared to traditional ropes, indicating a meaningful practical improvement. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results suggest that by increasing visual access, transparent boxing ring ropes reduce scoring inconsistency and increase decision accuracy. Transparent boxing ring ropes may represent a cost-effective and easily implemented design innovation to improve the quality of boxing refereeing. Future studies should evaluate the long-term effects of transparent boxing ring ropes and include referees with varying levels of experience in real-time competition environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1099-1118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Performance Decrement Following Training Based on the Phases of the 200-Meter Races in Paralympic Canoe Sprint Kayak Athletes.","authors":"Frederico Ribeiro Neto, Luiz Gustavo Teixeira Fabrício Dos Santos, Luis Felipe Castelli Correia de Campos, Rodrigo Rodrigues Gomes Costa, Ciro Winckler","doi":"10.1177/00315125251386179","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251386179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Tailored training methods for 200-m races may improve in Paralympic canoe sprint (PCS) kayaking. Understanding methods impact on fatigue can help coaches and athletes in guiding training periodization.<b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study was to assess the acute performance decrement (APD) in PCS athletes after phase-specific training sessions for the 200-m kayak race, and compare the training loads of three different methods and their correlation with APD.<b>Research Design:</b> Randomized, within-subject repeated-measures (crossover) study.<b>Study sample:</b> Twenty-four athletes who participated in 200-m kayak races at international and national events were recruited.<b>Data collection:</b> The athletes performed a maximum 200-m ergometer test at baseline and 1 min after three training methods: acceleration phase training (ACC), phase two training (P2), and race simulation training (RACE). The primary outcome was the APD, measured by the percentage decrease in performance outcomes of the 200-m ergometer test immediately after the training methods.<b>Results:</b> Significant APD was observed in time, power, and velocity during training sessions. The ACC phase showed the lowest decrement, differing significantly from P2 and RACE across the same outcomes. While ACC, P2, and RACE also showed distinct differences in power and velocity, APD did not significantly correlate with performance outcomes or training loads. Notably, APD magnitudes varied by training method, with longer set distances showing greater decrements.<b>Conclusion:</b> Reducing set distances might help maintain training intensity without significant performance decrements. Training loads did not significantly correlate with APD for any method, emphasizing the importance of monitoring training load to promote health, enhance performance, and minimize injury risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1158-1184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Starting Status and Match Outcome on Peak Match Demands in Semiprofessional Soccer Players.","authors":"Alejandro Sierra-Casas, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Daniel Castillo, Piotr Zmijewski, Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández","doi":"10.1177/00315125251374116","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251374116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to determine the peak locomotor match demands between starters and non-starting soccer players according to playing position and match outcome. Twenty-two young outfield soccer players were observed over 17 official matches. Locomotor performance during the matches was recorded per minute: total distance (TD), high-speed running distance (HSD, >19.8 km/h), sprint distance (SPD, >25.2 km/h), high metabolic load distance (HMLD, 25.5 W·kg^-1), number of high-intensity accelerations (ACC, >3 m/s²) and decelerations (DCC, >-3 m/s²), and Player Load (PL). Rolling moving averages were used to calculate the peak match demands as worst-case scenarios (PMD) in 1 (PMD_1m) and 3 (PMD_3m) minutes. Players were classified based on their playing position, as well as the match outcome at the time of substitution. The results demonstrate that when the non-starter plays the same position, peak match demands are generally similar, except HSD and SPD in PMD_1m, which are higher in starters. Position-based analysis shows that starting central defender and central midfielder cover a significantly longer TD during PMD_1m and PMD_3m compared to their respective non-starters. Moreover, starting players cover a greater TD, HSD, SPD, and HMLD in PMD_1m when the substitution occurs while winning compared to their respective non-starting players.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1051-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: \"The Protocol for Active Movement Extent Discrimination Assessment (AMEDA) Is Reliable when Shortened from 50 to 25 Stimuli to Reduce Testing Fatigue\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00315125261435321","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125261435321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1218-1219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Perceptual-Motor Training on Grade 1 Children's Visual-Motor Integration, Reading & Spelling.","authors":"Sharnay Botha, Eileen K Africa","doi":"10.1177/00315125261472008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261472008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower physical activity (PA) levels in school negatively influence academic performance. By combining learning with movement, motor development and academic performance are promoted. This study aimed to determine the effect of a perceptual-motor intervention on selected Grade 1 children's (<i>N</i> = 97) visual-motor integration (VMI) and literacy-related reading and spelling skills. The study followed a quasi-experimental research design and was triple-blinded. The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery VMI) and the ESSI Reading and Spelling tests were used to assess the children's VMI and reading and spelling skills. The study included a 12-week perceptual-motor intervention performed by qualified Kinderkineticists. The results from the repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated a highly significant difference between the experimental and control groups in pre-to post-test improvements across all three outcome measures. VMI showed a significant group-by-time interaction (F (1,95) = 93.378, <i>p</i> = 0.00), reading performance revealed a similarly strong effect (F (1,96) = 87.317, <i>p</i> = 0.00), and spelling performance also improved significantly in favour of the experimental group (F (1,96) = 31.688, <i>p</i> = 0.00). The experimental group demonstrated markedly greater gains across all domains. Pearson correlations showed significant positive associations between VMI, reading, and spelling scores (<i>p</i> < 0.01), supporting the interconnected development of visual-motor and early literacy skills. The perceptual-motor intervention is thus seen as an effective way to improve children's reading, writing and VMI skills, as it allows children to be active while learning, reducing sedentary time, while upholding educational standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261472008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Self-Reported Knee Function Is Associated With Slower Reaction Time After ACL Reconstruction.","authors":"Gannon Brochin, Hana Marmura, Caitlin Brinkman, Alison Cruise, Francesca Genoese, Shelby Baez","doi":"10.1177/00315125261471235","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125261471235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThis study investigated the relationship between simple reaction time (SRT) and self-reported knee function in individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). We hypothesized that slower SRT would be associated with lower scores on the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), independent of time since surgery.MethodsIn this cross-sectional analysis, 43 participants (mean age 24.6 ± 6.3 years; 67% female; mean time since surgery 21.6 ± 13.9 months) completed a demographic questionnaire, the KOOS, and a computerized SRT assessment. The SRT test involved 10 repetitions, measuring the time required for participants to lift a finger in response to a visual stimulus on a tablet. Linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between KOOS subscale scores and SRT.ResultsRegression analyses indicated that improvements in KOOS-ADL and KOOS-Pain scores predicted faster reaction times, with our variables explaining between 11% and 21% of the variance in SRT.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate that poorer self-reported knee function is associated with slower SRT in patients post-ACLR, suggesting that cognitive-motor interference may play a role in recovery. Incorporating SRT assessments into rehabilitation protocols could provide a cost-effective means to identify functional deficits and tailor interventions to enhance overall outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261471235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Dance Sequences From Passive and Interactive Videos at Different Times of Day.","authors":"Eya Mhamdi, Ghazi Rekik, Yosra Belkhir, Mohamed Jarraya","doi":"10.1177/00315125261471224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261471224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how passive versus interactive videos affect the learning of dance sequences at different times of day. Twenty-four undergraduate physical education students (novices) were recruited through purposive sampling and equally divided into two groups matched on chronotype: one group viewed passive videos, while the other used interactive videos featuring play, pause, forward, and replay functions. Participants completed four sessions-two acquisition sessions, one in the morning (08:00-09:00) and one in the late afternoon (16:00-17:00) on separate days, and two retention sessions one week later at the same times. Recall performance was assessed multiple times during acquisition and once at follow-up, using a 32-point scoring system based on accurate reproduction of 16 discrete movement steps, evaluated by blinded expert raters from video recordings. Physiological indicators of arousal (heart rate and body temperature) were recorded at the start of acquisition sessions, and intrinsic motivation was measured afterward. Results showed that interactive videos enhanced recall performance during both morning and afternoon acquisition sessions (p < 0.001), confirming an instructional benefit regardless of time of day. However, interactivity did not significantly influence intrinsic motivation (p = 0.841). A clear time-of-day effect emerged (p < 0.001): immediate recall was superior in the morning, whereas long-term retention was significantly better following afternoon learning, regardless of video type. These findings suggest that the morning advantage in acquisition may reflect temporary performance facilitation rather than lasting learning. Practically, to promote durable retention of dance sequences, educators should prioritize afternoon practice when teaching new material. Morning sessions remain useful for rehearsing already-learned sequences or preparing for immediate performance. Interactive video-based instruction is effective across all times of day and can be flexibly integrated into dance education.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261471224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Trial Within-Session Reliability of the Balance Tracking System Limits of Stability Protocol for Persons With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Mackenzie Korff, Trevor Lopatin, Daniel J Goble, Bradley Kendall, George Grunberger, Joshua Haworth","doi":"10.1177/00315125261471241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261471241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of the Balance Tracking System (BTrackS) Limits of Stability (BLOS) protocol among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D). This cross-sectional study had participants complete two trials of the BLOS test during one session, where they were instructed to keep both feet planted on the force plate while moving their center of pressure in all directions as far as they could. Recruitment and data collection was conducted at a local endocrinology practice. This study recruited 72 (36 male, 36 female) participants with T2D that could walk unassisted and did not have any lower limb replacements or injuries. Total area of exploration and laterality bias were calculated for each trial. Within-session reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC (2, 1) and ICC (2,k)) to evaluate both single-trial and averaged performance. The total area of exploration demonstrated good-to-excellent single-trial reliability (ICC (2, 1) = 0.82) and excellent reliability when averaged across trials (ICC (2, k) = 0.90). Laterality bias demonstrated moderate single-trial reliability (ICC (2, 1) = 0.56) and improved reliability when averaged (ICC (2, k) = 0.73). The BLOS appears to be a reliable measure of postural control in individuals with T2D. These findings support the potential feasibility of a single-trial assessment for total area, while laterality bias should be interpreted with greater caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261471241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational, Affective, and Self-Regulatory Correlates of Perceived Performance During AI-Assisted Perceptual-Motor Tasks.","authors":"Dexing Yang, Jiajia Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00315125261468854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261468854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how psychological factors relate to perceived perceptual-motor performance in AI-assisted learning among Chinese junior college students. A total of 910 students from five provinces completed established questionnaires measuring intrinsic motivation, learning anxiety, peer support, self-regulation, perceived competence, and curiosity while engaging in AI-supported perceptual-motor tasks. Correlation, hierarchical regression, and structural equation modeling analyses revealed that intrinsic motivation, peer support, and self-regulation were positively associated with perceived competence and curiosity, whereas learning anxiety showed negative associations. Self-regulation emerged as the strongest predictor across models. The findings suggest that performance in AI-assisted environments is shaped by the coordinated influence of motivational, affective, social, and regulatory processes rather than technological features alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261468854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148472090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}