Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Motivational, Affective, and Self-Regulatory Correlates of Perceived Performance During AI-Assisted Perceptual-Motor Tasks.","authors":"Dexing Yang, Jiajia Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00315125261468854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261468854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how psychological factors relate to perceived perceptual-motor performance in AI-assisted learning among Chinese junior college students. A total of 910 students from five provinces completed established questionnaires measuring intrinsic motivation, learning anxiety, peer support, self-regulation, perceived competence, and curiosity while engaging in AI-supported perceptual-motor tasks. Correlation, hierarchical regression, and structural equation modeling analyses revealed that intrinsic motivation, peer support, and self-regulation were positively associated with perceived competence and curiosity, whereas learning anxiety showed negative associations. Self-regulation emerged as the strongest predictor across models. The findings suggest that performance in AI-assisted environments is shaped by the coordinated influence of motivational, affective, social, and regulatory processes rather than technological features alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261468854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148472090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Guide: Signal Detection Analysis for Perceptual Judgements of Deceptive and Genuine Actions.","authors":"Laurence S Warren-Westgate, Robin C Jackson","doi":"10.1177/00315125261466764","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125261466764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate judgements of others' actions are essential during time-constrained interactions, but deceptive signals often make this difficult. Traditional analyses of deception rely on separate measures of response accuracy for genuine and deceptive trials, with researchers often making inferences from accuracy on deceptive trials alone. This approach is limited in that it does not directly measure the ability to differentiate between deceptive and genuine actions nor the possibility that expertise effects are confounded by differences in response bias. Signal detection analysis provides two key indices: discriminability (<i>d'</i>), reflecting the ability to differentiate genuine from deceptive actions, and bias (<i>c</i>), indicating tendencies toward judging actions as genuine or deceptive. This article outlines the conceptual advantages of signal detection analysis over conventional methods and provides practical guidance for calculating discriminability and bias, including corrections for extreme values, with a worked example for a repeated-measures ANOVA. By adopting signal detection analysis, researchers can better capture the perceptual and cognitive processes underlying perception of deception, quantifying susceptibility to, and detection of deception, as well as exploring contextual influences such as prior expectations. This approach offers a more comprehensive understanding of expertise effects and opens new avenues for training and perceptual research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261466764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Manual Dexterity in Preschool Children and TATI Board Game Indicators - A Preliminary Study.","authors":"Maria Dos Anjos Araújo Gomes, Marlene Cristina Neves Rosa, Cândida G Silva, Ana Moreira","doi":"10.1177/00315125261468074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261468074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundManual dexterity (MD) is a fundamental aspect of child motor development, directly influencing daily and school-related tasks. Its evaluation has traditionally relied on standardized tests, such as the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT), which assesses the speed and precision of fine motor movements. However, these tests may present limitations in child engagement and motivation, as they are often less appealing and less representative of everyday contexts. In contrast, game-based approaches, such as the TATI board game, can enhance motivation and enable the observation of motor performance in a more spontaneous and natural way.ObjectiveAnalyze the motor performance of participants aged 4 to 6 using the TATI board game and to explore its potential as a tool for evaluating MD.Methodology47 participants were evaluated using the PPT and the TATI board game. Performance variables were analyzed, including TATI - task execution time, number of attempts and the occurrence of errors; PPT - number of pegs per second.ResultsThe results showed significant differences between age groups in TATI execution time: right hand (<i>p</i> = .026), left hand (<i>p</i> = .009), and bilateral (<i>p</i> < .001). Six-year-old children demonstrated significantly shorter times compared to 4 and 5-year-olds in all conditions. Negative correlations were also found between performance on the TATI and the PPT: right hand (<i>ρ</i> = -.31; <i>p</i> = .032), left hand (<i>r</i> = -.38; <i>p</i> = .008), and bilateral (<i>ρ</i> = -.45; <i>p</i> = .001), suggesting that better performance on the test was associated with faster performance in the game. TATI showed greater variability in results among participants, possibly due to its closer similarity to ecological contexts.ConclusionTATI board game shows potential as a tool for evaluating and identifying different levels of MD in preschool-aged subjects in agreement with the results obtained from the PPT. Future research should include a larger sample and explore the TATI potential to identify MD disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261468074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power Output Feedback Improves Cycling Performance Without Affecting the Perception of Voluntariness in Task Failure.","authors":"Juan-José Pérez-Díaz, Daniel Sanabria, José-Antonio Salas-Montoro, Mikel Zabala","doi":"10.1177/00315125261466762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261466762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pre-registered study tested whether power meter data availability affects perceived voluntariness and performance in cyclists accustomed to power meters. Forty highly trained cyclists completed two counterbalanced maximal incremental tests: one without feedback (control) and one with real-time power visualization. Confirmatory analyses showed that power visualization increased maximal aerobic power (MAP; <i>p</i> = 0.004, Cohen's d = 0.487) without affecting maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2MAX; <i>p</i> = 0.269), maximal heart rate (<i>p</i> = 0.383), rating of perceived exertion (RPE; <i>p</i> = 0.141), or perceived voluntariness (<i>p</i> = 0.159). Exploratory analyses revealed an order effect (<i>p</i> = 0.021, <math><mrow><msubsup><mi>η</mi><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow></math> = 0.133): participants who first performed the test with power data perceived their decision to stop as more voluntary in that condition compared to the subsequent control test. This effect was absent in the reverse order group (<i>p</i> = 0.749). No order effects were found for other variables. Cyclists' performance judgments aligned with actual MAP differences between conditions. Overall, these findings show that access to power data enhances MAP. Although the main analysis pointed to a null effect on perceived voluntariness of the decision to stop, an exploratory order effect suggested that removing power data after prior exposure reduces perceived control over task failure decisions, warranting further investigation. This study highlights the role of performance feedback in shaping objective and subjective performance in cycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261466762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Caregiver and Child Perceptions With Actual Child Physical Activity and Motor Skill Competence: A Collective Case Study Approach.","authors":"Ali Brian, Amanda Campbell, Michael Ertel, Jill Lassiter, Andrea Taliaferro","doi":"10.1177/00315125261467735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261467735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the alignment of caregivers' perceptions and expectations of their preschool-aged children's physical activity (PA) and motor competence (MC) with children's actual performance located within the rural southeastern United States. Emphasizing a systems approach, we identified gaps in caregiver understanding of PA and MC to inform future interventions targeting health disparities in young children.MethodA collective case study design involved 11 caregiver-child dyads from the southeastern United States. Data included caregiver interviews and visual representations of their children's PA alongside objective measures of PA, body mass index, and MC. Analyses followed a two-phase process through the examination of individual case narratives and cross-case synthesis for emergent themes.ResultsFive key themes were identified: (1) caregivers' high valuation of PA; (2) vague definitions of PA; (3) overestimation of child PA levels; (4) limited awareness of MC; and (5) differences in PA engagement (sport-oriented vs. general PA). Caregivers consistently valued PA but often misjudged their children's PA levels and MC. Child step-counts were low-to-average, with only about half reaching the equivalent of 60-100 minutes per day, highlighting discrepancies between perceived and actual PA.ConclusionFindings highlight the need for accessible caregiver education on PA and MC. Tailored community programs through a systems approach could be the next step to bridge gaps in caregiver perceptions and shrink children's health disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261467735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and Psychological Mechanisms of Perceptual-Motor Learning in AI Bots-Assisted Art Education.","authors":"Li Fan, Yunyan Wang","doi":"10.1177/00315125261465961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261465961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into art education presents a complex shift in perceptual-motor learning, yet the psychological mechanisms associated with learners' responses to these digital tools remain insufficiently mapped. This study investigates the structural relationships among self-efficacy, cognitive load, attention allocation, learning strategy preference, task motivation, and perceived difficulty within the context of AI-assisted art education. Drawing on a sample of 637 Chinese art learners, the research employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine correlational patterns and structural associations among these self-reported psychological constructs. The results suggest that self-efficacy was negatively associated with cognitive load and positively associated with self-reported attention allocation. Perceived difficulty was associated with higher cognitive load and lower self-efficacy, indicating that difficulty may operate as a double-edged factor in AI-assisted art learning. Attention allocation was positively associated with learning strategy preference, and learning strategy preference was positively associated with task motivation; however, these paths should be interpreted as structural associations rather than evidence of mediation or causal effects. These findings complicate the assumption that technological affordances alone enhance learning, highlighting instead that learners' cognitive and self-regulatory resources are closely linked to their experiences of AI-supported art practice. The study concludes by arguing for pedagogical and design approaches that prioritize cognitive economy, adjustable feedback, and the cultivation of adaptive mastery beliefs in technologically enriched artistic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261465961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148376687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Measurement Properties of a Custom-Built Punch Force Dynamometer Based on S-Type Load Cells.","authors":"Anderson Meireles, Hiago L R Souza, Rodney C Paixão, Géssyca T de Oliveira, Rhaí André Arriel, Moacir Marocolo","doi":"10.1177/00315125261464714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261464714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate quantification of punch force is essential for performance assessment and training optimization in combat sports. This study introduces a Custom-Built Punch Force Dynamometer using two S-type load cells and evaluates its reliability, sensitivity, and partial ecological validity under sport-specific conditions. The device was mounted vertically on a wall and tested under both controlled and sport-specific conditions. Mechanical trials were assessed using a standardized drop-weight protocol with repeated trials. Partial ecological validity involved 11 experienced athletes from striking-based combat sports performing standardized straight punches across two lab visits. Reliability metrics included intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and smallest worthwhile change (SWC). The dynamometer demonstrated excellent reliability during mechanical trials (ICC > 0.90) and good to excellent reliability during partial ecological validity (ICC = 0.75-0.90). SEM values were consistently lower than SWC, indicating strong measurement sensitivity. These findings support the reliability and practical utility of this device for assessing punch force in both laboratory-based research and sport-specific applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261464714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148361818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Elite Taekwondo Athletes Invest Time for Better Choices? Analysis of Anticipatory Behavior Through a Perception-Action Coupling Task.","authors":"Hyesoo Cho, Hong-Suk Kim, Min-Woo Jeon, Ji-Yong Park","doi":"10.1177/00315125261464710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261464710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined whether elite Taekwondo athletes invest additional time to make better decisions under uncertainty by using a perception-action coupling task with temporal occlusion. Eighteen elite and 18 amateur Taekwondo athletes completed an embodied choice task in which they observed an opponent's kicking action and executed a corresponding motor response. Three temporal occlusion levels were used to manipulate the amount of visual information available (T1, T2, and T3). Reaction time, prediction accuracy, and decision confidence were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. Descriptive results showed that amateurs became slightly faster from T1 to T3, whereas elites were slower at T1 but fastest at T3. Elites also showed substantial improvements in prediction accuracy and decision confidence as visual information increased, whereas amateurs showed only modest changes in accuracy and a gradual decline in confidence. The linear mixed-effects models revealed significant effects of group, occlusion level, and their interaction for reaction time and prediction accuracy, and a significant Group × Occlusion interaction for decision confidence. These findings suggest that elite Taekwondo athletes do not simply react faster; rather, they strategically delay their responses under high uncertainty and respond more efficiently once decisive kinematic cues become available. The results support the applicability of the embodied choice framework to one-to-one combat sports and highlight the importance of training perceptual timing and anticipatory skill in Taekwondo.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261464710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148331955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autonomic Responses During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery in Healthy Adults: A Multimodal Assessment Using HRV and EDA.","authors":"Meltem Isintas, Aylin Aydogdu Delibay, Esra Tekin, Aysegul Kucuk","doi":"10.1177/00315125261462637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261462637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine autonomic nervous system responses during motor imagery (MI) in healthy adults, using different autonomic markers that reflect cardiac vagal activity and electrodermal activity. 24 healthy individuals were included in this study. Demographic data were assessed using a demographic data form, and MI ability was assessed using mental chronometry, mental rotation, and the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ-20). Heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and electrodermal activity (EDA) were recorded during each 5-min relaxation and MI sessions. HR and HRV were measured using a Polar H10 device, while EDA was measured using the BIOPAC MP36 system. During MI, decreased HRV parameters reflecting cardiac vagal activity, such as Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD) and high frequency (HF) band power, were observed (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). In addition, significant increase was found in EDA values reflecting electrodermal activity during MI (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Residualized HR was strongly positively correlated with KVIQ-Visual scores (r = 0.511), moderately positively correlated with KVIQ-Total (r = 0.497) and Left-hand accuracy (r = 0.441) scores, while a moderately negative correlation was found between residualized HR and Left-hand reaction time (r = -0.466) (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). In conclusion, when assessing MI sessions and MI ability, it is important to use different autonomic indicators (e.g., HRV and EDA) together. The findings suggest that autonomous responses observed during MI may reflect different physiological mechanisms, offering significant implications for the potential use of autonomous biomarkers in MI-based rehabilitation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261462637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisensory Contributions in Joint Actions: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Mathilde Truffer, Stephan Zahno","doi":"10.1177/00315125261462380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125261462380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solving tasks with others is fundamental in our daily life and requires coordinating actions with other agents in time and space. To manage such real-time interactions, humans must deal with uncertainty caused by noise and delays in sensory and motor signals. One mechanism the sensorimotor system may employ to reduce uncertainty is exploiting information from multiple sensory systems. Here, we review empirical studies examining how visual, auditory, and haptic information contribute to joint actions. A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines yielded 24 eligible studies, which we classified according to the taxonomies by Knoblich et al. (2011) - emergent vs planned coordination - and Jarrassé et al. (2012) - co-activity, cooperation, and collaboration. Across emergent and planned coordination, access to multiple sensory channels generally enhanced interpersonal coordination. The review provides indications that the weighting of sensory signals depends on their reliability and task relevance. However, studies directly testing integration principles are rare, and learning in the context of multisensory integration in joint action remains unexplored. We argue that experimentally testing multisensory integration mechanisms in joint actions and investigating training-related changes offers valuable avenues for further research, advancing theoretical understanding and practical applications across domains such as sports, rehabilitation, and human-robot interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125261462380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}