Journal of Neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"Individual differences in set-shifting and levodopa responsiveness in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Aleksandra Fijałkiewicz, Krzysztof Batko, Małgorzata Dec-Ćwiek, Karolina Porębska, Barbara Bętkowska-Korpała, Aleksandra Gruszka","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perseveration (PE) and learned irrelevance (LI) are two distinct processes that shape attentional set-shifting in Parkinson's disease (PD). Whether LI and PE are dopamine-dependent remains unclear. We investigated whether PE and LI may be dissociated in early PD and whether these switch conditions are associated with an individual motor response to levodopa. Fifty patients with early idiopathic PD (Hoehn-Yahr I-II) were assessed OFF and ON levodopa in a counterbalanced crossover design, and 50 age- and sex-matched controls completed the same computerized LI/PE explicit-rule task twice. Log-transformed reaction time (RT) and accuracy were modelled using linear mixed effect models adjusted for global cognition, verbal fluency, and executive function, with within-PD models additionally testing period-adjusted. We also explored the addition of patients' motor response OFF versus ON levodopa, quantified as change in UPDRS-III, as a moderator variable. Overall, LI incurred the largest RT cost in both PD and controls, whereas PE was tied to a smaller but reliable cost. Levodopa status did not affect switching costs at the PD group level, whereas OFF medication patients did not differ from controls after adjustment for cognitive covariates. In exploratory analyses, a larger motor response to levodopa was associated with greater overall ON-state slowing (PE, p = .031; LI, p = .027). However, the effect size was small and only partly robust in sensitivity analyses, which requires further validation. Taken together, in early, cognitively preserved PD, PE and LI are characterized with partly separable behavioural profiles, though on average, levodopa did not alter switching costs. Individual motor improvement after dopaminergic treatment may be linked to shifting performance variability, but this requires further study and clarification.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing social and linguistic skills in children with autism: A semi-randomized controlled clinical trial of a virtual reality-based communicative rehabilitation programme.","authors":"Hassnaa O Mohammed, Ehab M Eid, Enas Rady Younes","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication, and conventional therapies often struggle to facilitate the generalization of these skills to real-world settings. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a virtual reality (VR)-based communication rehabilitation intervention as a supplement to conventional treatment for improving the linguistic and social communication skills of Arabic-speaking Egyptian children with ASD. A clinical trial with a pretest-posttest control group design was employed, wherein 60 children aged 4-6 years with mild to moderate ASD were assigned to either VR plus conventional therapy (Group I, n = 30) or conventional therapy alone (Group II, n = 30). Over 6 months, participants received 2 weekly 30-min sessions. Outcomes were measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention and at a 3-month follow-up using the Preschool Language Scale-Fourth Edition, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition and an ASD Social Skills Scale. Group I demonstrated statistically significant improvements in receptive and expressive language ages (p < .001) and total social skills scores (p < .001) compared to Group II. Crucially, these therapeutic gains were sustained at the 3-month follow-up with no significant deterioration (p > .05). VR-based communication rehabilitation is a highly effective and sustainable intervention for supplementing language and social skills in young children with ASD. Its integration into clinical practice provides a scalable, engaging and culturally adaptable platform for neurodevelopmental care.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Seattle-Groningen Memory Assessment in healthy adults.","authors":"Thomas Wilschut, Joshua Panesar, Ruben D Potthoff, Joost A Agelink van Rentergem, Sanne B Schagen, Hedderik van Rijn","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brief assessments are increasingly important for scalable and accessible measurement of cognitive function. The Seattle-Groningen Memory Assessment (SGMA) is an accessible memory test that quantifies individual differences in the speed of forgetting through a computational model. Unlike traditional outcome-based screening tools, the SGMA derives a mechanistic memory score from both response accuracy and response latency during an 8-min session. Despite promising clinical and research applications, the psychometric properties of the SGMA have not been systematically evaluated. In this study, 100 healthy young adults completed two SGMA sessions spaced approximately 2 weeks apart, alongside seven neuropsychological tests from the Amsterdam Cognition Scan (ACS) and questionnaires assessing depression, anxiety and stress. The SGMA memory score showed moderate concurrent validity with ACS declarative memory measures and good discriminant validity with respect to attention, processing speed, executive functioning and affective symptoms. Test-retest reliability was moderate to good (ICC3 = .68), and practice effects on the memory score were minimal and well below the minimal detectable change, supporting the suitability of the SGMA for repeated administration. Together, these findings establish the SGMA as a psychometrically sound and repeatable brief memory assessment with strong potential for both research and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-design and preliminary evaluation of a quality measure for informational resources for people with disability.","authors":"Megan Topping, Stacey Oliver, Kate D'Cruz, Jacinta Douglas","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Access to clear, accurate and accessible information is essential for people with disability to exercise choice and control, as outlined in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. However, few tools exist to evaluate the quality of informational resources from the perspective of people with disability. This study aimed to co-design a pilot measure to assess the quality of informational resources for people with disability and to conduct a preliminary evaluation of its content validity. A mixed-methods design was applied, informed by best-practice guidance from COSMIN, Boateng et al. and co-design frameworks. Phase 1 involved a rapid review and four co-design workshops with four adults with physical and neurological disabilities to identify key constructs and develop a pilot measure. Phase 2 comprised two rounds of cognitive interviews (n = 20) and secondary analysis of pilot data (n = 74 responses) to assess content validity and item performance. Co-design contributors identified three core domains of informational quality-accessibility, informativeness and engagement-resulting in a 14-item pilot measure. Cognitive interviews demonstrated good comprehension, relevance and usability. Minor revisions improved clarity and accessibility, reducing the measure to 12 items. Secondary analysis indicated consistently high ratings across items, with responses clustered in the higher categories. This study produced the first co-designed measure for evaluating the quality of informational resources for people with disability. Centring lived experience in measure development provides a foundation for inclusive evaluation, supporting more accessible information, informed decision-making and greater autonomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion recognition in multiple sclerosis: The influence of processing speed and cognitive reserve.","authors":"Anna Panagiota Palama, Nikolaos Mitsoudis, Ioannis Nikolakakis, Artemios Artemiadis, Panagiotis Ioannidis, Christos Bakirtzis","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social cognitive impairment significantly impacts the quality of life in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study investigated the structural, clinical and functional predictors of emotion recognition in 48 MS patients (26 Relapsing-Remitting, 22 Progressive) and 40 matched healthy controls (HCs). All participants were assessed for emotion recognition (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test [RMET]). The MS cohort was additionally assessed for information processing speed (IPS) (Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]) and cognitive reserve (CR) (Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire [CRIq]). Confounding clinical variables were quantified, including physical disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]), fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale [MFIS]) and affective symptoms (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale [DASS-21]). Regional cortical volumes were extracted utilizing 3T MRI automated parcellation. Patients with Progressive MS exhibited profound emotion recognition deficits compared to HCs (p = 0.006). Multivariate regression identified IPS (β = 0.352) and CR (β = 0.289) as the only significant independent predictors of RMET accuracy. These functional variables statistically eclipsed the influence of focal anterior insular atrophy, perceived fatigue and mood symptoms. Emotion recognition impairment in MS is primarily driven by two independent, additive predictors: IPS and CR. Together, these functional determinants outweigh the influence of focal macroscopic cortical damage, fatigue and mood symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal dissociation of semantic degradation and interference in Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from Chinese character processing.","authors":"Boquan Liu","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chinese characters serve as the psychological entry point for lexical recognition in reading. Over 80% of these characters are phonetic compounds containing a semantic radical. Understanding how individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) process these structurally distinct characters is crucial for revealing the underlying nature of their cognitive decline. This study examined 180 older adults (60 Healthy Controls, 60 Mild AD, 60 Moderate AD) in a semantic categorization task across four radical-character relationships: fully related (FR), fully unrelated (FU), radical-only related (RR) and radical-only, related (RO-R). To disentangle semantic degradation from executive control demands, this study employed signal detection theory (SDT) and mixed-effects modelling. Results demonstrated significant group-by-condition interactions for accuracy, reaction time and perceptual sensitivity (d'). AD patients exhibited globally reduced d' and prolonged reaction times. Crucially, an error pattern analysis revealed that Mild AD patients produced significantly more false alarms in the RR condition, a deficit strongly correlated with their Stroop Interference scores (r = .58), reflecting a pronounced susceptibility to semantic interference, exacerbated by atypical executive inhibitory control. Furthermore, a temporal dissociation emerged: while explicit semantic sensitivity (d') collapsed early in the disease, Mild AD patients partially preserved the automatic reaction time advantage for isolated radicals (RO-R), yet suffered an exacerbated reaction time interference effect when resolving radical-related semantic interference (RR > FU). These findings suggest that explicit semantic boundaries and executive conflict resolution abilities degrade early in AD, whereas automatic semantic spreading activation is briefly preserved but highly susceptible to multifaceted semantic interference.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a neuropsychiatry curriculum for clinical psychologists and neuropsychologists: An e-Delphi study.","authors":"Keishema Kerr, Tamara Anderson, Graham Blackman, Amy Copping, Niels Detert, Alexandra Garfield, Peter Gilli, Laura H Goldstein, Huw Green, Simon Harrison, Leigh Leppard, Norman Poole, Torie Robinson, Alexandra Rose, Biba Stanton, Mary Summers, Victoria Teggart, Mike Wang, Vaughan Bell","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropsychiatric presentations are common across neurological and mental health services but they are often inadequately covered by core clinical psychology and clinical neuropsychology training. Consequently, we aimed to identify components for a neuropsychiatry curriculum for clinical psychologists using a Delphi process. We completed a three-round e-Delphi study with 19 experts (clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, individuals with lived experience of neuropsychiatric disorders). Round 1 collected ratings on 80 syllabus items derived from textbook reviews, conference topics and a scoping review of neuropsychiatry syllabuses. Items failing to reach consensus were refined, and new topics added via free-text suggestions. Rounds 2 and 3 repeated rating and thematic analysis, culminating in a consensus meeting where items were classified as core or supplementary. Consensus thresholds were set at mean ≥2.0, mean distance from the mean ≤0.2 and ≥75% agreement for final decisions. The process yielded 40 core and 38 supplementary syllabus items. Core topics include autoimmune and neuroinflammatory disorders, delirium, functional neurological disorders, neuropsychiatric sequelae of epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, dementia and multidisciplinary working, among others. Supplementary items covered background knowledge of less frequent but still prevalent disorders as well as competencies in interpreting clinical data alongside conceptual and historical issues. The final component list reflects both clinical competencies and emerging areas of practice, emphasising assessment, formulation, psychological interventions, cultural considerations and medicolegal aspects. The e-Delphi-derived curriculum provides a framework for neuropsychiatric competencies for postgraduate psychology training with modification needed for application in diverse health care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episodic memory rehabilitation for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: A scoping review.","authors":"Signe Andersen, Sylvane Faure","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite extensive research on HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), interest in cognitive rehabilitation has emerged only within the past 15 years. HAND are characterised by mild-to-moderate impairments in multiple cognitive domains: attention, episodic memory and executive functions. In the context of HAND, the prevalence of episodic memory disorders is high, ranging from 40% to 65% across studies. This scoping review aims to identify available evidence of rehabilitation programmes targeting episodic memory disorders associated with HIV and to examine their characteristics and theoretical foundations. The initial search included rehabilitation programmes, but this yielded only three eligible clinical trials. Therefore, we expanded our inclusion criteria to encompass experimental studies of potential rehabilitation techniques aimed at improving episodic memory. The search results included 610 records, and 27 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, of which 10 studies were included: 3 clinical trials and 7 experimental studies. The clinical trials all targeted multiple cognitive functions, episodic memory included. Two trials used a computer-based training approach, while one combined stimulation and compensatory techniques. Two trials demonstrated a significant effect on memory test scores post-intervention compared with the control group, but none showed an impact on quality of life, mental health or a transfer to memory functioning in daily life. The seven experimental cognitive studies demonstrated benefits for episodic memory (retrospective and prospective) using various memory techniques: retrieval practice, self-generated encoding and external aids. This scoping review underscores the need to advance clinical research and rehabilitation practices targeting episodic memory impairment in HAND.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutism in a patient with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.","authors":"Mafalda Matias, Teresa Barata Silvério, Ana Filipa Lopes, João Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 5-year-old boy with a prior history of stuttering presented to the neuropaediatrics clinic with prominent motor and vocal tics, including intrusive syllables, was diagnosed with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). One month later, near-complete mutism developed acutely, which improved progressively after treatment with risperidone. During the follow-up, motor and vocal tics fluctuated concurrently, but without clear-cut mutism. GTS encompasses a range of vocal tics, including vocal-blocking phenomena, which made us postulate that this case may represent an extreme expression of vocal blocking tics.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of stage-specific cognitive reserve effects on longitudinal cognition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.","authors":"Sara Simão, Miguel Oliveira Santos, Marta Gromicho, Isabel Pavão Martins, Mamede de Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/jnp.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>About 50% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients develop cognitive-behavioural impairment, yet longitudinal studies diverge on onset and extent of decline. Cognitive reserve (CR) may modulate cognitive trajectories, although longitudinal evidence remains limited. We aim to characterize cognitive trajectories in ALS and healthy aging and to examine the role of CR proxies in shaping cognitive change over time. About 268 participants (169 patients, 99 controls) were evaluated twice over 6 to 18 months using the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS). Mixed models were used to predict initial ECAS performance (ECAS1), and cognitive slope (ECAS2-ECAS1) using CR proxies (education, work and leisure), ECAS21-ECAS12 interval, demographics (age, sex, psychiatric medication) and clinical factors (disease duration, onset-region, respiratory capacity, functional decline, C9orf72 mutation and behavioural symptoms). In patients, education (p < .001) and leisure (p < .001) positively predicted ECAS1. However, longitudinally, education and leisure had negative main effects on cognition, protecting against decline through interactions with clinical variables. In controls, more education and leisure predicted better cognition through main effects and interactions. CR appears to exhibit a dynamic, phase-dependent influence in patients and controls, supporting initial cognitive performance and potentially offering subtle protection as disease progresses. The observed non-linear effects of all CR proxies and subgroup-specific effects highlight the importance of considering clinical context, time and initial cognition when evaluating CR's role in ALS.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}