Journal of Neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"Predictive validity of the Westmead Post-Traumatic Amnesia Scale for functional outcomes in school-aged children who sustained traumatic brain injury","authors":"Rachel Briggs,&nbsp;Adrienne Epps,&nbsp;Naomi Brookes,&nbsp;Robyn Tate,&nbsp;Suncica Lah","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12294","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Westmead Post-Traumatic Amnesia Scale (WPTAS) is routinely used for the assessment of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) in children who sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI). Yet, the WPTAS' predictive validity for functional outcomes is largely unknown. We aimed to determine whether PTA duration measured by the WPTAS (i) differentially predicts functional outcomes and (ii) contributes to predictions of outcomes beyond the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in children who sustained TBI. Participants were children and adolescents with moderate-to-severe TBI (<i>n</i> = 55) aged 8–15 years. PTA duration was assessed with the WPTAS. Outcomes at the first outpatient follow-up were scored on the Kings Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI) and the TBI Outcome Domain Scale-Extended (ODS-E). Longer PTA and lower GCS were both significantly correlated with worse (i) global outcomes: presence of disability on the KOSCHI and lower score on the ODS-E and (ii) select specific outcomes on the ODS-E: mobility, mood and cognition. PTA duration predicted cognitive outcome on the ODS-E independently, beyond GCS. Together, PTA duration and GCS, predicted the global KOSCHI outcome, as well as the ODS-E mobility and mood outcomes. Neither GCS nor PTA duration correlated with the ODS-E communication, impulsivity/disinhibition, headache, fatigue, sensory impairments or somatic complaints outcomes. PTA duration measured by the WPTAS is a significant unique predictor of functional cognitive outcomes in children who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI, and in combination with the GCS, a significant predictor of global, and several specific functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jnp.12294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6146615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A data-driven approach to neuropsychological features in isolated REM behaviour disorder: A latent class analysis","authors":"Samantha Mombelli,&nbsp;Caterina Leitner,&nbsp;Giada D'Este,&nbsp;Marco Sforza,&nbsp;Sara Marelli,&nbsp;Alessandra Castelnuovo,&nbsp;Marco Zucconi,&nbsp;Francesca Casoni,&nbsp;Maria Livia Fantini,&nbsp;Fabiana Novellino,&nbsp;Maria Salsone,&nbsp;Luigi Ferini-Strambi,&nbsp;Andrea Galbiati","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12292","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent evidence demonstrated that neuropsychological assessment may be considered a valid marker of neurodegeneration in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). However, little is known about the possible neuropsychological heterogeneity within the iRBD population. This retrospective study aimed to identify and describe different neuropsychological phenotypes in iRBD patients by means of a data-driven approach using latent class analysis. A total of 289 iRBD patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment evaluating cognitive domains: global cognition, language, short- and long-term memory, executive functions and visuospatial abilities. The presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was also assessed. Latent class analysis was carried out to identify iRBD subtypes according to neuropsychological scores. The most parsimonious model identified three latent classes. Groups were labelled as follows: Class 2 “severely impaired” (<i>n</i> = 83/289): mean pathological scores in different tests, a high percentage of MCI multiple-domain and impairment in all neuropsychological domains. Class 1 “moderately impaired” (<i>n</i> = 44/289): mean neuropsychological score within the normal value, a high percentage of MCI (high risk to phenoconversion) and great impairment in the visuospatial domain. Class 3 “slightly impaired” (<i>n</i> = 162/289): no deficit worthy of attention except for short- and long-term memory. Our results suggest three different clinical phenotypes within the iRBD population. These findings may be relevant in the future for predicting the clinical trajectories of phenoconversion in iRBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6077684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension differentially impacts cognition in men and women in early midlife","authors":"Hannah L. Shields,&nbsp;Kyoko Konishi,&nbsp;Sarah Aroner,&nbsp;Harlyn Aizley,&nbsp;Anne Remington,&nbsp;Hang Lee,&nbsp;Stephen Buka,&nbsp;Jill M. Goldstein","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12291","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current study aimed to understand how sex differences in the timing of hypertension onset contribute to early midlife risk for cognitive decline that may differ by sex and whether sex-dependent advantages in normotensive populations are influenced by the presence of hypertension. One hundred and ninety-five adults aged 45–55 from the New England Family Study underwent neuropsychological testing to assess attention, executive function, and memory. Physician-diagnosed hypertension status was self-reported via questionnaire. Mid-adulthood hypertension was associated with worse performance on measures of attention and memory, but the cognitive domains impacted varied by sex. Hypertension was associated with only attention in men, whereas in women it was associated with attention and associative and working memory. Sex differences in midlife cognitive performance found in normotensive adults were attenuated in those with hypertension. Our results underscore the importance of accounting for sex when assessing the impact of hypertension on midlife cognition that could be indicative of later decline and risk for cognitive impairment and dementia, given hypertension is an independent risk factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6103868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Basel Version of the Awareness of Social Inference Test – Theory of Mind (BASIT-ToM) in healthy adults","authors":"Marianne Jarsch,&nbsp;Olivier Piguet,&nbsp;Manfred Berres,&nbsp;Constantin Sluka,&nbsp;Anna Semenkova,&nbsp;Reto W. Kressig,&nbsp;Andreas U. Monsch,&nbsp;Skye McDonald,&nbsp;Marc Sollberger","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12290","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Impairments of Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities occur in a wide range of brain disorders. Therefore, reliable and ecologically valid examination of these abilities is a crucial part of any comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. An established and ecologically valid, English-language test identifying deficits in ToM abilities is “The Awareness of Social Inference Test – Social Inference Minimal (TASIT-SIM)”. However, no comparable German-language ToM test currently exists. In this study, we aimed to develop the first German-language adaption of TASIT-SIM in healthy adults. We selected 13 scenes [four scenes per message type (i.e<i>.</i>, honesty, simple sarcasm, paradoxical sarcasm) and one practice scene] out of the 30 TASIT-SIM scenes. In collaboration with a film institute, we filmed each scene at three different intensities. These intensity version scenes were then administered to 240 healthy adults, equally distributed in sex and age, ranging from 35 to 92 years. By applying Rasch analysis, we selected intensity versions that showed neither floor nor ceiling effects in the majority of ToM questions in participants whose ToM abilities were in the medium range. In conclusion, we have developed the first German-language adaption of TASIT-SIM, i.e<i>.</i>, the “Basel Version of the Awareness of Social Inference Test – Theory of Mind (BASIT-ToM)”. The BASIT-ToM incorporates the strengths of TASIT-SIM, while overcoming its limitations such as inconsistencies in cinematic realization and ceiling effects in healthy participants. Next, the BASIT-ToM needs to be validated in healthy people and clinical populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jnp.12290","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5797485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of conventional versus robust norming on cognitive characterization and clinical classification of MCI and dementia","authors":"Alyssa N. Kaser,&nbsp;David M. Kaplan,&nbsp;William Goette,&nbsp;Andrew M. Kiselica","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examined the impact of conventional versus robust normative approaches on cognitive characterization and clinical classification of MCI versus dementia. The sample included participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. Separate demographically adjusted <i>z</i>-scores for cognitive tests were derived from conventional (<i>n</i> = 4273) and robust (<i>n</i> = 602) normative groups. To assess the impact of deriving scores from a conventional versus robust normative group on cognitive characterization, we examined likelihood of having a low score on each neuropsychological test. Next, we created receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the ability of normed scores derived from each normative group to differentiate between MCI (<i>n</i> = 3570) and dementia (<i>n</i> = 1564). We examined the impact of choice of normative group on classification accuracy by comparing sensitivity and specificity values and areas under the curves (AUC). Compared with using a conventional normative group, using a robust normative group resulted in a higher likelihood of low cognitive scores for individuals classified with MCI and dementia. Comparison of the classification accuracy for distinguishing MCI from dementia did not suggest a statistically significant advantage for either normative approach (<i>Z</i> = −0.29, <i>p</i> = .77; AUC = 0.86 for conventional and AUC = 0.86 for robust). In summary, these results indicate that using a robust normative group increases the likelihood of characterizing cognitive performance as low. However, there is not a clear advantage of using a robust over a conventional normative group when differentiating between MCI and dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jnp.12289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5735827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autobiographical memory impairment in chronic schizophrenia: Significance and clinical correlates","authors":"Christina J. Herold,&nbsp;Marc M. L?sser,&nbsp;Johannes Schr?der","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous studies of autobiographical memory (AM) in schizophrenia yielded a reduction of specificity, richness of details and conscious recollection, which indicate both, quantitative and qualitative AM changes. However, their associations with psychopathological symptoms and neuropsychological deficits were not resolved. Therefore, we sought to investigate AM with respect to psychopathology and neuropsychology in patients with chronic schizophrenia to rule out the influence of different courses of the disease. AM of four lifetime periods was examined in 75 patients and 50 healthy controls by using a semi-structured interview. The recalled episodes were rated for memory specificity. Subsequently, one single event of each period of life was rated for details and experiential aspects of reliving (originality, vividness/visual imagery, emotional re-experiencing and emotional valence). When contrasted with healthy controls, patients recalled a significantly reduced number of episodes and personal semantic facts; moreover, memory specificity of AM was significantly lower in patients than controls. While the richness of details calculated for single events showed only minor, non-significant group differences, vividness and emotional re-experiencing were significantly less pronounced in the patient group. Along with this, AM performance correlated significantly with negative symptoms including apathy as well as verbal memory and executive functions. Our results underline the significance of overgenerality as a key feature of AM in schizophrenia as well as a dissociation between intact number of details of single events and reduced vividness and emotional re-experiencing. The extent of negative symptoms including apathy and impairments of verbal memory/executive functions may explain AM deficits in chronic schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jnp.12288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6109540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the inhibitory and faciliatory effects during retrieval of semantically related items present in amnestic mild cognitive impairment?","authors":"Laura Serra,&nbsp;Giulia Bechi Gabrielli,&nbsp;Carlotta Di Domenico,&nbsp;Chiara Del Bono,&nbsp;Camillo Marra,&nbsp;Leonardo Lopiano,&nbsp;Carlo Caltagirone,&nbsp;Marco Bozzali","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12286","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prefrontal functions subserve inhibition control for retrieval of semantically related items inducing forgetting 19 a-MCI patients and 29 controls underwent neuropsychological evaluation and retrieval-practice paradigm (RPP) to estimate baseline remember (BR), retrieval-induced facilitation (FAC) and retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). A-MCI patients underwent also 3 T-MRI to assess relationship between regional grey matter (rGM) volumes and RPP indexes Behaviourally, RIF and FAC were both observed controls, while RIF only was observed in a-MCI patients. In patients but not in controls, RIF was associated with cognitive efficiency and FAC with memory performance. Patients showed also associations between BR and rGM volumes in the precuneus, no association was found between rGM volumes and RIF and FAC. A-MCI patients did not benefit from repeated practice during retrieval of studied items, which is likely due to their memory disorder. In contrast, patient cognitive efficiency would drive retrieval suppression of interfering stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jnp.12286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5696095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke damages attentional maintenance in working memory","authors":"Ga?n Plancher,&nbsp;Bernadette Na?gelé,&nbsp;Victoria Guinet,&nbsp;Sophie Portrat,&nbsp;Pascale Colliot","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stroke is the main cause of acquired disability in adults, and specific deficits in working memory (WM) are among the most common cognitive consequences. In neuropsychological routine, WM is most of the time investigated in the framework of the multicomponent model (Baddeley &amp; Hitch, 1974, <i>The psychology of learning and motivation</i>, 47). Using a more recent theoretical WM model, the time-based resource-sharing (TBRS) model (Barrouillet et al., 2011, <i>Psychol</i>. <i>Rev</i>., 118, 175), the aim of the present study was to investigate in young post-stroke patients to which extent attentional maintenance is impaired in WM. To address this question, we discarded other factors known to directly influence WM performance, <i>that is</i> processing speed and short-term memory span. We proposed to 53 post-stroke patients and to 63 healthy controls a complex span paradigm in which participants were asked to alternate between the memorization of a series of images and a concurrent parity judgement task of a series of digits. To investigate the attentional maintenance processes, we manipulated the cognitive load (CL) of the concurrent task. CL effect is typically interpreted as the involvement of attentional maintenance processes. The task was adapted to each participant according to their processing speed and memory span. As expected, the results showed higher recall performance in healthy controls compared with post-stroke patients. Consistent with the literature, we also observed higher performance when the CL was low compared with high. However, the improvement in recall at low CL was smaller for post-stroke patients compared with controls, suggesting that post-stroke WM deficit could be in part due to a deficit of the attentional maintenance processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6135367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Word finding, prosody and social cognition in multiple sclerosis","authors":"Siew Mei Yap,&nbsp;Laura Davenport,&nbsp;Clodagh Cogley,&nbsp;Fiona Craddock,&nbsp;Alex Kennedy,&nbsp;Maria Gaughan,&nbsp;Hugh Kearney,&nbsp;Niall Tubridy,&nbsp;Céline De Looze,&nbsp;Fiadhnait O’Keeffe,&nbsp;Richard B. Reilly,&nbsp;Christopher McGuigan","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Impairments in speech and social cognition have been reported in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), although their relationships with neuropsychological outcomes and their clinical utility in MS are unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate word finding, prosody and social cognition in pwMS relative to healthy controls (HC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited people with relapsing MS (RMS, <i>n</i> = 21), progressive MS (PMS, <i>n</i> = 24) and HC (<i>n</i> = 25) from an outpatient MS clinic. Participants completed a battery of word-finding, social cognitive, neuropsychological and clinical assessments and performed a speech task for prosodic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 45 pwMS, mean (SD) age was 49.4 (9.4) years, and median (range) Expanded Disability Severity Scale score was 3.5 (1.0–6.5). Compared with HC, pwMS were older and had slower information processing speed (measured with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, SDMT) and higher depression scores. Most speech and social cognitive measures were associated with information processing speed but not with depression. Unlike speech, social cognition consistently correlated with intelligence and memory. Visual naming test mean response time (VNT-MRT) demonstrated worse outcomes in MS versus HC (<i>p</i> = .034, Nagelkerke’s <i>R</i>² = 65.0%), and in PMS versus RMS (<i>p</i> = .009, Nagelkerke’s <i>R</i>² = 50.2%). Rapid automatised object naming demonstrated worse outcomes in MS versus HC (<i>p</i> = .014, Nagelkerke’s <i>R</i>² = 49.1%). These word-finding measures showed larger effect sizes than that of the SDMT (MS vs. HC, <i>p</i> = .010, Nagelkerke’s <i>R</i>² = 40.6%; PMS vs. RMS, <i>p</i> = .023, Nagelkerke’s <i>R</i>² = 43.5%). Prosody and social cognition did not differ between MS and HC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Word finding, prosody and social cognition in MS are associated with information processing speed and largely independent of mood. Impairment in visual object meaning perception is potentially a unique MS disease-related deficit that could be further explored and cautiously considered as an adjunct disability metric for MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6207871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory sensitivity after acquired brain injury: A systematic review","authors":"Hella Thielen,&nbsp;Nora Tuts,&nbsp;Lies Welkenhuyzen,&nbsp;Irene M. C. Huenges Wajer,&nbsp;Christophe Lafosse,&nbsp;Céline R. Gillebert","doi":"10.1111/jnp.12284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12284","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Patients with acquired brain injury frequently report experiencing sensory stimuli as abnormally under- (sensory hyposensitivity) or overwhelming (sensory hypersensitivity). Although they can negatively impact daily functioning, these symptoms are poorly understood. To provide an overview of the current evidence on atypical sensory sensitivity after acquired brain injury, we conducted a systematic literature review. The primary aim of the review was to investigate the behavioural and neural mechanisms that are associated with self-reported sensory sensitivity. Studies were included when they studied sensory sensitivity in acquired brain injury populations, and excluded when they were not written in English, consisted of non-empirical research, did not study human subjects, studied pain, related sensory sensitivity to peripheral injury or studied patients with a neurodegenerative disorder, meningitis, encephalitis or a brain tumour. The Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for appropriate studies. A qualitative synthesis of the results of the 81 studies that were included suggests that abnormal sensory thresholds and a reduced information processing speed are candidate behavioural mechanisms of atypical subjective sensory sensitivity after acquired brain injury. Furthermore, there was evidence for an association between subjective sensory sensitivity and structural grey or white matter abnormalities, and to functional abnormalities in sensory cortices. However, further research is needed to explore the causation of atypical sensory sensitivity. In addition, there is a need for the development of adequate diagnostic tools. This can significantly advance the quantity and quality of research on the prevalence, aetiology, prognosis and treatment of these symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5894367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}