Pediatric Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasound for pediatric hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders: a systematic review.","authors":"Omar Alomari, Khaled A Abualkhair, Khaled Saad, Sara Magdy, Janna A Omran, Mahmoud M AlSanafini, Loay A Hassan, Omar Y ElBasatiny, Djihane Machane, Marwan Abdulrahim, Hadeer G Abo-Elmaged, Mohamed Elshaieb, Mohamed Shawky Elfarargy, Amira Elhoufey, Hamad Ghaleb Dailah, Aya H Sayed, Alaa Ismail, Bassel Walid, Mahmoud Hashemy, Ahmed M Afifi, Anas Elgenidy","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06159-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06159-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endoscopic ultrasound (US) has been established as a safe diagnostic tool for adults, but its use in children remains underexplored. The rising prevalence of pediatric hepato-pancreato-biliary disorders requires a closer examination of its utility. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical impact of endoscopic US in the pediatric population, concentrating on its diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All related clinical studies were identified by searching the Web of Science databases, PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Cochrane, and Embase. Data were extracted from relevant studies using a pre-planned Excel sheet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight studies demonstrated that endoscopic US in children is safe, technically successful, and clinically impactful, offering valuable diagnostic and interventional competencies. Endoscopic US was frequently used for microlithiasis, choledocholithiasis, and pancreaticobiliary anomalies. It reliably outperformed other imaging modalities, effectively reducing the need for more invasive procedures. Endoscopic US had a remarkable clinical impact, with diverse diagnostic yields, highlighting its role in diagnosing and treating children with hepato-pancreato-biliary disorders. The safety profile of endoscopic US in children was excellent, with nominal reported complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our comprehensive review underlines the promising application of endoscopic US in pediatric hepato-pancreato-biliary diseases. The endoscopic US demonstrates its diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic potential in children, offering a non-invasive, safe, and efficient approach. As we move forward, addressing the identified limitations and expanding the pediatric-specific research on endoscopic US will enhance our ability to provide precise and patient-centered care in managing pediatric hepato-pancreato-biliary disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI features of hepatocellular adenomas in children: clinical and radiological review.","authors":"Musab Almushayqih, Rose Chami, Caroline Rutten, Aleena Malik, Govind B Chavhan","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06177-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06177-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are rare, benign hepatic tumors in children, with limited imaging data available for pediatric cases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical features of histologically proven HCAs in children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Single-center retrospective review of pathology-proven HCA from January 2004 to February 2024. Patients with available pre-intervention imaging in our PACS were included. Two independent readers reviewed the imaging studies. The features were summarized using descriptive statistics and inter-reader agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 11 children (6 boys and 5 girls; median age 15 years) with 13 pathologically proven HCAs. Three patients had type 1a glycogen storage disease. Five patients had a single lesion, while six had multiple lesions. The lesions were well-defined with a median average diameter of 3.6 cm. Most were homogenously T1 iso-intense (61.5%) and mildly hyperintense (76.9%) on T2-w fat saturated images. The atoll sign was present in two lesions. Intralesional fat was observed in 69.2% of cases: microscopic in eight lesions and macroscopic in one. Hemorrhage occurred in three (23.07%) lesions and necrosis in one (7.7%). Nine out of 10 (90%) lesions showed arterial phase hyperenhancement, and only 3/10 (30%) lesions retained contrast on hepatobiliary phase. In total, 6/13 (46.1%) lesions showed washout, and all received hepatobiliary agent. One lesion ruptured with the hemoperitoneum. Of the 11, 63.6% of patients underwent percutaneous biopsy and 36.4% underwent surgical resection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MR imaging features are nonspecific, but homogenous slight T2 hyperintensity, arterial phase hyperenhancement, and intralesional fat content are common features. Hepatobiliary contrast uptake is variable.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian volume estimation in girls using rapid MR imaging for right lower quadrant pain.","authors":"Sharon Gould, Tejal Mody, Mary Gould, Heidi Kecskemethy, Simone Veale, Arabinda Choudhary","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06170-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06170-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MRI provides adequate ovarian imaging to permit accurate measurement. More normative data for children and adolescents is needed as MRI is being used for evaluation of right lower quadrant pain that could be due to ovarian torsion.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine normative data for ovarian size by MRI using a rapid protocol for right lower quadrant pain.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective evaluation of MRI examinations of girls obtained between 2013 and 2019 was performed including chart and image review. Normative data was determined by age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean patient age was 12.8 years (range 1-18 years). Six hundred forty-four scans were included in the study. Thirty-three ovaries contained cysts measuring greater than 3 cm and 8 additional ovaries were torsed. These ovaries were not included in the normal ovary measurements. Patients with known or suspected polycystic ovarian syndrome or torsion also were excluded. Ovarian volumes of normal-appearing ovaries are reported by patient age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Normative data for girls and adolescents utilizing a rapid MRI protocol for right lower quadrant pain is provided for increased confidence in assessing ovarian size in girls on MRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation dose proportions of localizer radiograph and bolus tracking in low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic computed tomography.","authors":"Hyun Woo Goo, Seon Young Goo","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06163-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06163-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Optimization of localizer radiograph and bolus tracking doses is necessary, as their dose proportion may increase with a decreasing diagnostic scan dose in pediatric cardiothoracic computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the radiation dose proportions of the localizer radiograph and bolus tracking in low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic CT.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic CT, a posteroanterior localizer radiograph was acquired with 80 kV, and 35 mA or 20 mA in 852 infants (age<1 year). Propensity score matching was employed in comparing the 35 mA and 20 mA groups on dose proportion, over z-axis proportion, visibility of anatomic landmarks, and image noise. The over z-axis coverage proportion was correlated with the dose proportion of the localizer radiograph in both groups. Additionally, bolus tracking was performed in 1,015 children (≤2 years). The effects of the number of monitoring scan, dose-length product of the diagnostic scan, age, and water-equivalent area of the scanned patient body on the radiation dose proportion of bolus tracking were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dose proportion of the localizer radiograph was significantly lower in the 20 mA group (2.5%, n = 94) than in the 35 mA group (6.5%, n = 94) (P < 0.001). While image noise was higher in the 20 mA group (2.1 Hounsfield units versus 1.0 Hounsfield units of the 35 mA-group, P < 0.001), all the anatomic landmarks remained visible in all cases. The over z-axis coverage proportion demonstrated high correlations with the dose proportion for both groups (R = 0.736, P < 0.001 for the 35 mA group and R = 0.660, P < 0.001 for the 20 mA group). The bolus tracking dose-length product proportion demonstrated the strongest positive correlation with the number of monitoring scans (R = 0.93, P < 0.001), while age, diagnostic scan dose-length product, and water-equivalent area showed weak negative correlations (R-values = -0.46~-0.50, P-values < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic CT, the dose proportion of the localizer radiograph can be substantially reduced with a low tube current setting while maintaining image quality. Additionally, minimization of the over z-axis coverage proportion merits attention. The number of monitoring scans is the most significant factor for increasing the radiation dose proportion of bolus tracking, especially in young ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini-symposium \"Daily routine challenges for young paediatric radiologists\".","authors":"Julian H W Jürgens, Rutger A J Nievelstein","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06176-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06176-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shark Tank: behind the scenes.","authors":"Raymond Sze, Sherwin Chan, Heike Daldrup-Link, Thierry A G M Huisman, Janet Reid, Jessica Whalen, Kassa Darge","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06128-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-06128-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hermes.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06175-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06175-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of placental microvascular blood flow and microstructure in fetal growth restriction with IVIM MRI.","authors":"Caroline J Walsh, Mariana L Meyers, Neal Chandnani, Alex J Barker, Takashi Fujiwara, David M Mirsky, Erin K Englund","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06151-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-06151-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI uses diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI acquisitions to evaluate the microvascular and cellular environments of tissue. Due to these properties, IVIM has been increasingly utilized to evaluate abnormal placentation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our primary objective was to compare IVIM parameters in the placenta of patients with fetal growth restriction and appropriate for gestational age controls across gestational ages. Our secondary aim was to quantify IVIM parameters in fetal versus maternal placental aspects to evaluate microvascular and parenchymal differences.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>With IRB approval, pregnant individuals with a diagnosis of fetal growth restriction (n=24) and controls (n=22) were retrospectively analyzed. DW-MRI data were collected at 1.5 T with nine b-values (range, 0 s/mm² to 1,000 s/mm²). Data were processed by one non-blinded reader to obtain mean perfusion fraction (f), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), their product fD*, and diffusion coefficient (D) in maternal and fetal aspects of the placenta, defined by bisecting the thickness of the placenta. Repeated measures of two-way ANOVAs were used to compare IVIM parameters in fetal and maternal placental aspects between participant groups. Correlations between IVIM parameters and gestational age were also evaluated in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average gestational age at MRI was 27±4 weeks for both groups. The percentile estimated fetal weight was 5.4±5.9% for the fetal growth restriction group and 42.8±28.5% for controls (P<0.001). The parameters D* and fD*, related to microvascular blood flow and tissue perfusion, were significantly lower in participants with fetal growth restriction compared to controls (D*, 40.5 vs. 52.4×10^-3 mm²/s, P=0.043; fD*, 14.7 vs. 21.0×10^-3 mm²/s, P=0.019). No other differences were observed, nor associations between gestational age and IVIM parameters in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest reduced microvascular flow in placentas of patients with fetal growth restriction compared to controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex lymphatic anomalies.","authors":"Dana Alkhulaifat, Karen I Ramirez-Suarez, Hansel J Otero, Jordan B Rapp, Abhay S Srinivasan, Christopher L Smith, David M Biko","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06167-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06167-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complex lymphatic anomalies are unique diseases marked by abnormal lymphatic vessel development and growth. Imaging is crucial in the evaluation and management of complex lymphatic anomalies, with dynamic contrast-enhanced MR lymphangiography emerging as a valuable modality for visualizing abnormal lymphatic structures and informing treatment decisions. This article gives an overview of complex lymphatic anomalies and their management strategies, focusing specifically on generalized lymphatic anomaly, Gorham-Stout disease, Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis, and central conducting lymphatic anomalies. Simple lymphatic diseases are beyond the scope of this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scanner-based real-time three-dimensional brain + body slice-to-volume reconstruction for T2-weighted 0.55-T low-field fetal magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Alena Uus, Sara Neves Silva, Jordina Aviles Verdera, Kelly Payette, Megan Hall, Kathleen Colford, Aysha Luis, Helena Sousa, Zihan Ning, Thomas Roberts, Sarah McElroy, Maria Deprez, Joseph Hajnal, Mary Rutherford, Lisa Story, Jana Hutter","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06165-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06165-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motion correction methods based on slice-to-volume registration (SVR) for fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow reconstruction of three-dimensional (3-D) isotropic images of the fetal brain and body. However, all existing SVR methods are confined to research settings, which limits clinical integration. Furthermore, there have been no reported SVR solutions for low-field 0.55-T MRI.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Integration of automated SVR motion correction methods directly into fetal MRI scanning process via the Gadgetron framework to enable automated T2-weighted (T2W) 3-D fetal brain and body reconstruction in the low-field 0.55-T MRI scanner within the duration of the scan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A deep learning fully automated pipeline was developed for T2W 3-D rigid and deformable (D/SVR) reconstruction of the fetal brain and body of 0.55-T T2W datasets. Next, it was integrated into 0.55-T low-field MRI scanner environment via a Gadgetron workflow that enables launching of the reconstruction process directly during scanning in real-time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During prospective testing on 12 cases (22-40 weeks gestational age), the fetal brain and body reconstructions were available on average 6:42 ± 3:13 min after the acquisition of the final stack and could be assessed and archived on the scanner console during the ongoing fetal MRI scan. The output image data quality was rated as good to acceptable for interpretation. The retrospective testing of the pipeline on 83 0.55-T datasets demonstrated stable reconstruction quality for low-field MRI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed pipeline allows scanner-based prospective T2W 3-D motion correction for low-field 0.55-T fetal MRI via direct online integration into the scanner environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}