Pediatric Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Practical approach to quantitative liver and pancreas MRI in children.","authors":"Justine M Kemp, Adarsh Ghosh, Jonathan R Dillman, Rekha Krishnasarma, Mary Kate Manhard, Aaryani Tipirneni-Sajja, Utsav Shrestha, Andrew T Trout, Cara E Morin","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06133-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06133-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers non-invasive, objective assessment of diseases in the liver, pancreas, and other organs and is increasingly being used in the pediatric population. Certain quantitative MRI techniques, such as liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF), R2* mapping, and MR elastography, are already in wide clinical use. Other techniques, such as liver T1 mapping and pancreas quantitative imaging methods, are emerging and show promise for enhancing diagnostic sensitivity and treatment monitoring. Quantitative imaging techniques have historically required a breath-hold, making them more difficult to implement in the pediatric population. However, technological advances, including free-breathing techniques and compressed sensing imaging, are making these techniques easier to implement. The purpose of this article is to review current liver and pancreas quantitative techniques and to provide a practical guide for implementing these techniques in pediatric practice. Future directions of liver and pancreas quantitative imaging will be briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"36-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world impact of high-pitch helical CT on radiation exposure and image quality in infants being evaluated for cardiothoracic pathologies.","authors":"Joshua G Hunter, Kaustav Bera, Leslie Ciancibello, Syed Muhammad Awais Bukhari, Jennifer Sposato, Kianoush Ansari Gilani, Robert Gilkeson, Amit Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06115-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06115-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evaluation of cardiothoracic pathologies is a common indication for computed tomography (CT) in infants. However, CT is fraught with challenges specific to the patient population, such as increased sensitivity to radiation and inability to remain stationary during imaging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates potential advantages of a high-pitch helical CT protocol for infants with cardiothoracic pathologies. Namely, we evaluate whether a high-pitch helical CT protocol can minimize radiation exposure without compromising image quality.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 98 consecutive cardiac protocol CT examinations of infants (56 males, 42 females; mean age 3.3 ± 2.8 months) performed at a tube voltage of 80 kV between 2016 and 2022. Forty-seven examinations were acquired with a non-gated conventional helical protocol on a multi-detector CT scanner (control group) and 51 were acquired with a non-gated high-pitch helical protocol on a dual-source CT scanner (high-pitch (HP) group). Patient characteristics, radiation exposure parameters, and imaging datasets were extracted from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). Image quality was assessed subjectively by two radiologists who independently assigned ratings, and objectively through attenuation measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Radiation exposure was approximately 75% lower in the HP group (0.54 mSv vs. 2.46 mSv, P < .001). HP examinations demonstrated comparable, or better, image quality across all metrics in both subjective and objective analyses. In the subjective analysis, the HP group achieved superior ratings for visualization of the aorta (P = .04). In the objective analysis, the HP group achieved superior signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the left atrium (P < .001), left ventricle (P = .04), and aorta (P = .003), and superior contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the left atrium (P = .003) and aorta (P = .009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that employing high-pitch helical CT protocols for evaluation of cardiothoracic pathologies in infants decreases radiation exposure while achieving similar to slightly better image quality compared to conventional helical CT protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"151-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of imaging in the diagnosis of three neglected diseases in the Southern Cone: Leishmaniasis, Dengue, and Chikungunya.","authors":"Mónica Alicia Galeano, María Laura Ranalletti, Mario Pelizzari, Lucía Sabbione, Juan Francisco Lutereau, Alicia Paola Sánchez Salinas, María C Anoni, Vivian Carolina Gonseski","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06016-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06016-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neglected diseases such as leishmaniasis, dengue, and chikungunya pose significant challenges to public health due to their high prevalence and wide geographic distribution in the Southern Cone region. These diseases are transmitted through insect bites, which serve as natural reservoirs. While their imaging findings are not always conclusive, they can play a crucial role in the diagnosis and monitoring. This review provides a concise overview of the clinical manifestations, epidemiological context, and imaging findings associated with these diseases. The primary purpose of this article is to share our experience and offer valuable insights into the use of imaging for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients suspected to have these diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"75-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Johanson-Blizzard syndrome with cystic dilation of the cochlea and hypoplastic modiolus: a case report.","authors":"Navya Paulson Mangali, Amal Antony, Nidhi Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06118-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06118-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Johanson-Blizzard syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by various systemic manifestations, including sensorineural hearing loss. We present a unique case of a 3.5-year-old girl with genetically confirmed Johanson-Blizzard syndrome, who exhibited typical features alongside rare radiological findings of cystic dilation of the cochlea and hypoplastic modiolus. This report highlights the need for recognising and evaluating unusual radiological abnormalities associated with this syndrome, particularly in cases of sensorineural hearing loss, to guide appropriate interventions. The identification of cochlear anomalies in this case provides essential information regarding the aetiology of sensorineural hearing loss in Johanson-Blizzard syndrome and highlights the necessity for comprehensive assessment and tailored management strategies to improve auditory rehabilitation and overall outcomes in affected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need for standardization in pediatric fat and iron MR quantification: a call to action.","authors":"Pradipta Debnath, Jonathan R Dillman, Lindsay M Griffin, Rekha Krishnasarma, Aaryani Tipirneni-Sajja, Gary R Schooler, Priya Sharma, Narendra S Shet, Elizabeth Tang, Cara E Morin","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06102-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06102-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The many faces of pediatric hydatid disease: a pictorial review.","authors":"Larry R Alpaca Rodriguez, Joel P Kirschbaum-Chrem, Gustavo Romero, Edilberto Villanueva, Carlos F Ugas Charcape","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06080-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06080-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydatid disease, caused by the larval stages of Echinococcus species, poses a significant public health challenge, especially in resource-limited cattle-producing areas of South America. The number of cases in children under the age of 15 is nearly 16% of the total cases in South America according to the latest report of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The presentation of the disease depends on the anatomic location and correlates with the parasitic life stage. The liver is the most commonly affected organ in children, followed by the lungs, kidney, bone, and brain. The classification of hydatid cysts varies based on the parasite's stage, from purely cystic lesions to solid masses. The radiological approach varies by cyst location. Clinically, hydatid disease symptoms are nonspecific and organ-dependent, with imaging playing a crucial role in diagnosis. Complications include cyst rupture and superinfection, with potential severe consequences. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate the manifestations of hydatid cysts in an endemic population and highlight atypical signs for radiologists evaluating pediatric cysts in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the minisymposium: pediatric infectious diseases in Latin America.","authors":"Carlos F Ugas Charcape, Lina Cadavid, Tatiana Fazecas","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06125-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06125-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hermes.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06137-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06137-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"205-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoarticular tuberculosis: imaging findings in pediatric patients.","authors":"Guillermo J Ortiz, Jorge Delgado, Tamara Ramírez, Mónica A Galeano, Natalia Barnafi, Osmar Pillaca, Gonzalo Corral","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06092-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06092-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarticular tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary TB that has the potential to damage joints and bones, generating long-term impairment. Mainly, the initial diagnosis of osteoarticular TB relies on clinical findings and imaging. When required, imaging can aim for less invasive tissue or fluid sampling for pathology, microbiology, and molecular biology analysis. Most TB diagnosis tests have variable and frequently poor sensitivities; however, bone biopsy samples have demonstrated a high percentage of culture positivity. Clinical and imaging findings of osteoarticular TB often mimic other processes, such as rheumatoid arthritis or chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. When the infection affects the growth plates, angular deformities and extremity length discrepancies can arise. Unfortunately, several osteoarticular TB cases are detected late due to the nonspecific nature of clinical symptoms and non-characteristic imaging findings. This article reviews the most common and atypical osteoarticular TB imaging presentations to increase awareness of osteoarticular TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"104-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial manifestations of central nervous system tuberculosis in children.","authors":"Claudia Lazarte-Rantes, Mario Sinti-Ycochea, Daniel Guillen-Pinto","doi":"10.1007/s00247-024-06057-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-024-06057-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis remains a significant global health challenge, with central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) posing a substantial threat, accounting for 1-10% of all tuberculosis cases. This article explores the diverse manifestations of CNS-TB in children, with a particular focus on tuberculous meningitis and tuberculomas, as well as their associated complications. Diagnostic imaging, including CT and MRI, plays a crucial role in the early detection of CNS-TB. The article emphasizes the pivotal role of imaging in the diagnosis and management of these manifestations, underscoring the importance of early recognition by healthcare professionals. Ultimately, raising awareness among pediatric radiologists, pediatricians, and pediatric neurologists is crucial for prompt intervention and improved outcomes in cases of CNS-TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"88-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}