Pediatric Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Deep learning reconstruction for improving image quality of pediatric abdomen MRI using a 3D T1 fast spoiled gradient echo acquisition.","authors":"Evan J Zucker, Eugene Milshteyn, Fedel A Machado-Rivas, Leo L Tsai, Nathan T Roberts, Arnaud Guidon, Michael S Gee, Teresa Victoria","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06313-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06313-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep learning (DL) reconstructions have shown utility for improving image quality of abdominal MRI in adult patients, but a paucity of literature exists in children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare image quality between three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) abdominal MRI acquisitions reconstructed conventionally and using a prototype method based on a commercial DL algorithm in a pediatric cohort.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pediatric patients (age < 18 years) who underwent abdominal MRI from 10/2023-3/2024 including gadolinium-enhanced accelerated 3D SPGR 2-point Dixon acquisitions (LAVA-Flex, GE HealthCare) were identified. Images were retrospectively generated using a prototype reconstruction method leveraging a commercial deep learning algorithm (AIR™ Recon DL, GE HealthCare) with the 75% noise reduction setting. For each case/reconstruction, three radiologists independently scored DL and non-DL image quality (overall and of selected structures) on a 5-point Likert scale (1-nondiagnostic, 5-excellent) and indicated reconstruction preference. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mean number of edges (inverse correlate of image sharpness) were also quantified. Image quality metrics and preferences were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank, Fisher exact, and paired t-tests. Interobserver agreement was evaluated with the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (W).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final cohort consisted of 38 patients with mean ± standard deviation age of 8.6 ± 5.7 years, 23 males. Mean image quality scores for evaluated structures ranged from 3.8 ± 1.1 to 4.6 ± 0.6 in the DL group, compared to 3.1 ± 1.1 to 3.9 ± 0.6 in the non-DL group (all P < 0.001). All radiologists preferred DL in most cases (32-37/38, P < 0.001). There were a 2.3-fold increase in SNR and a 3.9% reduction in the mean number of edges in DL compared to non-DL images (both P < 0.001). In all scored anatomic structures except the spine and non-DL adrenals, interobserver agreement was moderate to substantial (W = 0.41-0.74, all P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a broad spectrum of pediatric patients undergoing contrast-enhanced Dixon abdominal MRI acquisitions, the prototype deep learning reconstruction is generally preferred to conventional methods with improved image quality across a wide range of structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hermes.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06324-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06324-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: An important first step to a new horizon in cardiac magnetic resonance in congenital heart disease.","authors":"Jimmy C Lu, Aparna Joshi","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06315-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06315-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of seated positioning device (Smoltap^®) for ultrasound-guided infant lumbar punctures.","authors":"Shimwoo Lee, Joseph Miller","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06291-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06291-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infant lumbar punctures (LPs) frequently fail at bedside and prompt repeat attempts with image guidance. Conventionally, image-guided LPs are performed with ultrasound or fluoroscopy while infants are in lateral flexed position. The procedure requires infants to be either sedated or held manually to maintain stable positioning. A new commercially available positioning device (Smoltap^®) provides an alternative method to secure infants in sitting position without needing to administer sedation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an infant positioning device during image-guided LPs as an alternative to the conventional LP technique.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of image-guided LPs from May 2022 to April 2025, approximately 1.5 years before and after the introduction of an infant positioning device in October 2023 at our institution. The device was used for awake infants stable on room air and with head-to-toe length < 57 cm, per instructions for use. The infants were secured in the device, and LPs were performed with ultrasound guidance. Patient demographics and procedural outcomes of LPs performed with and without the device were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 42 LPs performed with the device (\"device\" group) and 37 LPs performed without (\"no device\" group). The two groups had similar patient characteristics and rates of prior failed bedside LPs (95% and 86%, respectively, P = 0.17). The success rates of obtaining adequate CSF for microbial culture were comparable between the groups (93% and 84%, P = 0.21). There were no complications in either group. The average procedure duration was also similar (14 min vs 16 min, P = 0.65). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportions of traumatic taps when defined as CSF containing ≥ 10,000 erythrocytes/µL (26% and 16%, P = 0.42). When defined as ≥ 500 erythrocytes/µL, the rates of traumatic taps were significantly different (72% and 42%, P = 0.01). Subgroup analysis of the \"no device\" group suggested that this difference could be attributed to inclusion of sedated patients in the \"no device\" group. In the \"device\" group, no patients received sedation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Performing image-guided infant LPs with a positioning device is a feasible and safe alternative to the conventional technique with the benefit of not needing to sedate or manually hold infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1591-1597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-observer variability in scoring of white matter injury on brain magnetic resonance imaging in moderate-to-late preterm infants.","authors":"Kyle Grabowski, Liam Olsen, Greg Gamble, David Perry, Jane Harding","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06297-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06297-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Punctate white matter injury on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is described in very preterm infants (< 32 weeks' gestation) and is predictive of poorer developmental outcomes. The reliability of scoring and the incidence and evolution of white matter injury in moderate-late preterm infants is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess inter-observer variability in white matter injury using a published scoring system (UCSF system), and to describe changes over time in moderate-late preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Infants born between 32 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks' gestation in the Auckland region underwent MRI scans as soon as clinically feasible after birth and again at term-equivalent age. De-identified scans were scored independently by two observers. White matter injury was graded as minimal (< 3 lesions measuring < 2 mm), moderate (> 3 lesions or lesions > 2 mm), or severe (> 5% hemispheric involvement). Scores were compared between reviewers using weighted and unweighted kappa statistics interpreted using Cohen's criteria. Incidences were compared between scans using generalised estimating equations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scans of 101 infants were assessed. Inter-observer agreement was near perfect for the presence of white matter injury (k = 0.88 and 0.81 for the first and second scan respectively), and for the severity of white matter injury was near perfect at the first scan (k = 0.85) and substantial at the second scan (k = 0.80). The incidence of white matter injury detected by the two observers decreased between the first and second scans (30% to 22% and 29% to 19%), and severity also decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoring system can be reliably applied in moderate-late preterm infants. White matter injury is common in moderate-late preterm infants but may be underestimated when MRI is performed close to term-equivalent age.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1682-1689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation dose estimation of pediatric upper extremity radiographs.","authors":"Danielle Beaulieu, Choonsik Lee, Don-Soo Kim, Kirsten Ecklund, Da Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06286-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06286-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Upper extremity radiographic exams have long been considered as a single category with one simplified low-dose estimate, despite covering a variety of body parts. There are limited tools currently available for the simulation/calculation of radiation dose from upper extremity exams.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate radiation dose (in terms of effective dose and organ doses) from various types of pediatric upper extremity radiographic exams as performed at a large tertiary care children's hospital using a new set of hybrid computational phantoms that incorporate the anatomy of upper extremities and cover varied patient sexes and ages.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Technical acquisition parameters were collected for upper extremity exams at our institution according to the age-based categories as defined by clinical protocols. A relationship was established between radiographic acquisition parameters and dose-area product for each category using direct measurements. A new set of computational phantoms with posed upper extremities was introduced and used to run Monte Carlo simulations of patient effective dose and organ doses for all relevant projections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The calculated effective dose to upper extremities was found to range from 0.01 µSv for a hand/finger radiograph of a 3-6-year-old to 1.13 µSv for a humerus radiograph of a 1-3-year-old. The four tissues with the highest organ dose from all projections were the same: skin, muscle, endosteum, and red marrow. Doses to these organs as well as breast and thyroid were reported, and conversion coefficients to estimate effective dose and organ doses from dose-area product were calculated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Simulations of pediatric upper extremity radiographs using a set of newly-modified computational phantoms present a wide range of effective and organ doses. The doses reported in this study can be adapted to site-specific practices for rough estimations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1719-1727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography findings of extralobar pulmonary sequestration in children: a retrospective study of 58 patients.","authors":"Zhonglong Han, Tong Yu, Xiaomin Duan, Dingyi Liu, Huanyu Luo, Yun Peng","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06290-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06290-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying the blood supply from a systemic artery is crucial for diagnosing extralobar pulmonary sequestration. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) can accurately delineate the origin and course of anomalous systemic arteries and venous drainage. However, it remains challenging to make an accurate diagnosis in cases with atypical CT manifestations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To improve our understanding of the diversity of extralobar pulmonary sequestration and facilitate a more accurate diagnosis, especially for cases with atypical CT manifestations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted on 58 patients who had confirmed extralobar pulmonary sequestration by surgery between November 2019 and December 2023. Patient demographics, clinical manifestations, and CT findings were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 58 patients, 38 (65.5%) were male, and the left-to-right ratio was 47 to 11. It typically appeared triangular or polygonal, with the sharp angular sign observed in 55 patients (94.8%). The low-density branch sign was identified in 45 patients (77.6%) via contrast-enhanced CT. Lesions were located as follows: above the diaphragm in 45 cases (77.6%), within the diaphragm in seven cases (12.1%), and below the diaphragm in two cases (3.4%), presenting as solid masses; two instances (3.4%) involved anterior mediastinum lesions that presented as cystic-solid masses. In two cases (3.4%), the sequestered lung communicated with the lower esophagus, presenting as multiple air-filled cystic lesions. Abnormal arterial blood supply was detected in 54 patients (93.1%), whereas venous drainage was identified in 52 patients (89.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of the sharp angular sign in a solid mass with clear boundaries suggests a diagnosis of extralobar pulmonary sequestration on routine CT, regardless of its location above, within, or below the diaphragm. CT angiography is a reliable imaging modality for documenting feeding arteries and draining veins, which confirms the diagnosis of extralobar pulmonary sequestration. The low-density branch sign on contrast-enhanced CT indicates that the lesion comprises lung tissue and helps establish a diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1652-1668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric ultrasound on YouTube: a multicenter quality assessment and ten practical recommendations.","authors":"Armando Di Ludovico, Saverio La Bella, Giulia Di Donato, Sara Colamarino, Greta Orlandi, Maria Teresa Quarta, Marta Rinaldi, Francesca Mainieri, Federico Lauriola, Luisa Silvestrini, Francesca Ciarelli, Jacopo Osmelli, Virginia Girlando, Antonello Persico, Giovanni Iannetti, Francesco Chiarelli, Luciana Breda, Dacia Di Renzo, Marina Attanasi","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06288-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06288-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital communication is increasingly influencing the way medical knowledge is accessed and shared, particularly in pediatrics. Among various platforms, YouTube has emerged as a major source of health-related information, not only for healthcare professionals but also for the general population. However, the open nature of social media raises concerns about the consistency, reliability, and educational quality of the content shared. Pediatric ultrasound is a highly specialized topic that requires accurate representation to ensure safe and effective knowledge transfer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our research evaluates the quality and accuracy of pediatric ultrasound content shared on social media platforms, with a focus on YouTube. We analyzed over 50 h of video produced by various contributors, including radiologists, pediatricians, and patient associations. This diversity enriches the platform but also introduces variability in content quality. The primary aim was to assess the educational value and dissemination potential of pediatric ultrasound content on social media. Through detailed analysis, we identified features that capture viewer interest and recurring patterns across pediatric ultrasound categories, offering insights that could help content creators develop more consistent and effective educational materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1611-1621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquisition matters - how do scan parameters affect apparent diffusion coefficient estimates in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma.","authors":"Cyrano Chatziantoniou, Roelof van Ewijk, Madeleine Adams, Patrizia Bertolini, Gianni Bisogno, Amine Bouhamama, Pablo Caro-Dominguez, Valérie Charon, Ana Coma, Rana Dandis, Christine Devalck, Giulia De Donno, Andrea Ferrari, Marta Fiocco, Soledad Gallego, Chiara Giraudo, Heidi Glosli, Simone A J Ter Horst, Meriel Jenney, Willemijn M Klein, Alexander Leemans, Julie Leseur, Henry C Mandeville, Kieran McHugh, Johannes H M Merks, Veronique Minard-Colin, Salma Moalla, Carlo Morosi, Daniel Orbach, Lil-Sofie Ording Müller, Erika Pace, Pier Luigi Di Paolo, Katia Perruccio, Lucia Quaglietta, Marleen Renard, Rick R van Rijn, Antonio Ruggiero, Sara I Sirvent, Reineke A Schoot, Alberto De Luca","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06263-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06263-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a potential biomarker for treatment response in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma. Due to its rarity, investigations into this marker require multicenter approaches, which can result in variability in acquisition parameters.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of different acquisition parameters on ADC estimates in a multicenter dataset of rhabdomyosarcoma patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included 114 pediatric and adolescent rhabdomyosarcoma patients from 22 treatment centers (195 scans). Median age: 6.0 years (0.3-21.8). We evaluated the impact of voxel size, (number of) b-values, and echo time on tumor ADC values. The effect of the highest b-value was separately investigated on a subset of scans with five or more b-values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a large variability in key acquisition parameters in the overall cohort, and for individual imaging centers. No parameter showed a significant effect on ADC estimates of the whole cohort when corrected for multiple-comparisons. Decreasing the highest b-value within the same acquisition caused ADC to decrease on average by 2.8% per 100 s mm^-2. Differing b-values between scans at diagnosis and treatment response yielded significant changes in the longitudinal ADC for each patient (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While we observed wide variation of acquisition parameters within a multicenter cohort, this did not lead to significant cross-sectional differences of tumor ADC. However, we found that modifying the highest b-value between baseline and follow-up can impact longitudinal ADC estimates. As such, we recommend the highest b-value to remain constant. This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the Internal Review Board (UMC Utrecht, reference ID: 18-412).</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1598-1610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline terminal ileal CT and MRI measurements are associated with imaging outcomes in pediatric Crohn's disease: a cohort study.","authors":"Allison D Ta, Jonathan R Dillman, Nicholas J Ollberding, Yael Haberman, Robert Baldassano, James Markowitz, Anthony Otley, Jennifer L Dotson, Marian Pfefferkorn, Jeffrey S Hyams, Melvin B Heyman, Sandra C Kim, Joshua Noe, Scott Snapper, Adina Alazraki, Subra Kugathasan, Lee A Denson","doi":"10.1007/s00247-025-06302-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-025-06302-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cross-sectional imaging is increasingly used for both initial diagnosis and long-term monitoring of Crohn's disease. The quantitative morphology of the terminal ileum may predict treatment response.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to identify baseline qualitative and quantitative imaging features that are associated with clinical and radiologic treatment response in a large cohort of children with Crohn's disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of the RISK cohort study in pediatric Crohn's disease. This multicenter study included 1,136 children <18 years from 28 sites in North America. Subjects enrolled with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease who underwent endoscopy with baseline and follow-up CT or MRI were considered for this study. Exclusion criteria were incomplete data or surgical resection prior to follow-up imaging. Imaging analysis included assessing a qualitative terminal ileum (TI) categorical score based on SAR-AGA consensus definitions ((1) normal, (2) inflammation only without luminal narrowing, (3) inflammation with luminal narrowing, or (4) stricture with pre-stenotic dilation ≥3 cm) and quantitative measurements (maximum bowel wall thickness and maximum/minimum lumen diameter). Two endpoints were considered: (1) clinical response (off corticosteroids and quiescent Physician Global Assessment at follow-up imaging) and (2) CT and MRI response (follow-up imaging normalization). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were developed for each endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-six subjects were included. Clinical response endpoint was achieved in 38% (n=36) of participants, and imaging normalization was achieved in only 20% (n=19) of participants. Follow-up imaging showed disease progression in 24 (25%) patients, 7 (7%) of whom were radiologically normal at baseline (7%). A higher baseline TI categorical score was associated with lower odds of imaging normalization during follow-up (OR 0.4 [0.2, 0.8], P=0.009). Larger TI minimum lumen diameter (OR 1.1 [1.01, 1.3], P=0.04) and smaller maximum bowel wall thickness at baseline (OR 0.8 [0.6, 0.97], P=0.03) were associated with imaging normalization. There were no baseline imaging measurements associated with clinical response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Baseline increased terminal ileal minimum lumen diameter and decreasing wall thickness were associated with imaging normalization at follow-up, but not clinical response.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1642-1651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}