Pediatric Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Correlation of examiner judgement and radiological digital pictures in infants with upper cervical spine dysfunction: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jan Peter, Miklos Csato, Inga Paravicini, Martina Wehrli, Petra Schweinhardt, Anke Langenfeld","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06718-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06718-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to (1) assess the inter-rater reliability of lateral atlantodental distance measurements in digital open-mouth radiographs of infants with upper cervical spine dysfunction, and (2) investigate correlations between lateral atlantodental distance values and clinical findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>72 digital radiographs of the odontoid region from infants aged 3-12 months were analyzed (Aug 2021-Dec 2023). Lateral atlantodental distance was measured bilaterally by three independent raters. Inter-rater reliability and measurement precision was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC). Side differences were evaluated using paired t-tests. Mean lateral atlantodental distance values were further examined for their association with the clinically assessed side of cervical rotational malposition using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-rater reliability was excellent for right (ICC=0.91 [95% CI: 0.86 - 0.94]) and left (ICC=0.91 [95% CI: 0.86 - 0.95]). The SEM was 0.62 mm for both sides, the MDC was 1.72 mm (right) and 1.73 mm (left). In infants with left-sided cervical rotational malposition, lateral atlantodental distance was significantly greater on the left side, whereas in infants with right-sided cervical rotational malposition, lateral atlantodental distance was significantly greater on the right side. Right-sided lateral atlantodental distance was a significant predictor of clinically assessed right-sided cervical rotational malposition (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.14-2.84, P=0.01). ROC analysis demonstrated moderate discriminatory performance (AUC = 0.74), meaning that the model is reasonably capable of distinguishing patients with right-sided cervical rotational malposition from those without.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although lateral atlantodental distance measurements showed excellent inter-rater reliability, the SEM was relatively large compared with the small absolute values of the measurements (in millimeters), which limits the ability to detect subtle side-to-side asymmetries. Lateral atlantodental distance should be interpreted as a reproducible radiographic finding associated with cervical rotational malposition rather than as an independent diagnostic marker or pathognomonic sign in infants.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04981782 (28.07.2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2573-2580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnets in tiny ducts: magnetic compression anastomosis in the pediatric population - a review of the literature with illustrative cases.","authors":"Emre Ünal, Mert Göl, Aycan Uysal, Cem Simsek, Türkmen Turan Çiftçi, Devrim Akinci, Erkan Parlak","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06736-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06736-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although magnetic compression anastomosis procedures are increasing in number, the procedure is still under-recognized in the pediatric patient population. Post-surgical obstructions encountered in biliary, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts can be managed with magnetic compression anastomosis even in the pediatric population. Considering the challenges and comorbidities of revision surgery in this particular patient population, magnets can provide a less invasive and straightforward solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2406-2413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pectus deformities in children: a pictorial review.","authors":"Timothy P Brown, Carolina V Guimaraes, Lane F Donnelly, Lynn A Fordham, Sean E McLean, William W Pryor","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06724-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06724-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric chest wall deformities, such as pectus excavatum (PE), carinatum (PC), and arcuatum (PA), may result in psychosocial and cardiorespiratory morbidity. Pediatric radiologists play a key role in imaging-based characterization, preoperative assessment, and the evaluation of postoperative complications. This pictorial essay highlights key imaging characteristics, indices for surgical planning, and common postoperative findings for pectus deformities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2389-2405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferumoxytol dose optimization for three-dimensional whole-heart magnetic resonance imaging in patients with congenital heart disease.","authors":"Sukran Erdem, Tarique Hussain, Aya El Jerbi, Orhan Erdem, Lauren Thai, Lasya Gaur, Gerald F Greil, Tarek Alsaied, Sanja Dzelebdzic, Qing Zou","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06706-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06706-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ferumoxytol is used off-label as a contrast agent for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). However, the dose-response relationship between ferumoxytol, longitudinal relaxation, and image quality in pediatric and young patients remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of sequential ferumoxytol dose escalation on three-dimensional (3D) whole-heart (WH) image quality and blood-pool nulling inversion time (TI), a physiologic surrogate of post-contrast T1 shortening.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 45 patients with congenital heart disease underwent ferumoxytol-enhanced 3D WH CMR at 1.5 T using sequential dose regimens (1 mg/kg→2 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg→3 mg/kg). Right coronary artery (RCA) image quality and visible length, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and image quality of the cardiac chambers and great vessels, as well as diagnostic completeness, were assessed. Blood-pool and myocardial nulling TI were measured using Look-Locker sequences. Baseline-adjusted change-score regression was the primary analysis, with mixed-effects ANCOVA performed to model TI behavior while accounting for repeated within-patient measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed in CNR, RCA length, image quality, or diagnostic completeness between all doses (all P>0.05). Myocardial and blood-pool nulling TI shortened significantly with dose escalation (P≤0.02). Change in blood-pool TI after the second dose was strongly predicted by TI after the first dose (β=-0.63, P<0.001), whereas starting dose (1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg) was not associated with TI change (P=0.70). At 1 mg/kg, prolonged myocardial nulling TI may encroach upon the systolic rest period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ferumoxytol-enhanced 3D WH imaging provides diagnostic-quality assessment across 1-3 mg/kg dosing. Dose-dependent TI shortening follows a nonlinear, saturating pattern, supporting optimized low-dose protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2431-2442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148397405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of free-breathing 0.55-T lung MRI for structural and functional characterization in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.","authors":"Xin Miao, HaiThuy N Nguyen, Nam G Lee, Jesus Uribe, Eamon K Doyle, Dante P I Capaldi, Luis Arrioja, Roberta M Kato, Ramón A Durazo-Arvizu, Krishna S Nayak, Narayan P Iyer","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06793-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-026-06793-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonatal lung diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are currently characterized by clinical observations alone, owing to the lack of safe, non-invasive diagnostic tools for lung structure and function assessment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the feasibility of simultaneous structural and functional lung imaging in preterm infants with BPD using free-breathing 0.55-T MRI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Preterm infants diagnosed with BPD were recruited from the neonatal intensive care unit. A 3D balanced steady-state free precession sequence with half-radial dual-echo readout (bSTAR) was performed at 0.55 T with 1.3-mm isotropic resolution and 8-min scan time. Two pediatric radiologists independently evaluated image quality using Likert scales and scored structural images using the Ochiai system. Fractional ventilation maps were derived from the same acquisition, and two quantitative biomarkers were calculated: ventilation defect percentage (VDP) and ventilation inhomogeneity (VI). Biomarkers were compared across clinical subgroups defined by disease severity, respiratory support, and outcome at discharge. Inter-reader agreement for Ochiai scoring was assessed using weighted Cohen's κ. Correlations between biomarkers and clinical variables were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven BPD patients were recruited and all successfully underwent 0.55-T lung MRI (gestational age, 23-32 weeks; post-menstrual age at scan, 40-57 weeks; weight, 2.3-6.4 kg). Overall image quality was diagnostic in all cases regardless of respiratory support. bSTAR-based structural assessment using the Ochiai scoring system captured all BPD-associated imaging features and achieved substantial inter-reader agreement (κ=0.80). The Ochiai score significantly associated with respiratory support at scan (P=0.03), birth weight (P=0.02), and duration of mechanical ventilation at discharge (P=0.002). 3D fractional ventilation maps derived from the same acquisition enabled quantitative characterization of regional ventilation distribution and defect burden. Both VDP and VI were numerically higher in infants with severe BPD and in those remaining on mechanical ventilation at discharge, although these differences did not reach statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Free-breathing 0.55-T MRI is feasible for radiation-free, simultaneous structural and functional lung imaging in preterm infants with BPD, with structural scores associating with respiratory support status and disease severity markers while ventilation maps added complementary regional function information. Larger studies across the full BPD spectrum are needed to determine whether combined structural-functional MRI improves diagnostic confidence over structural imaging alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head-to-head comparison of [¹⁸F]-mFBG versus [¹²³I]-MIBG in neuroblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Domenico Albano, Francesco Bertagna, Arnoldo Piccardo, Francesco Fiz, Giorgio Treglia","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06713-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06713-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid imaging is fundamental in the staging and response assessment of patients affected by neuroblastoma (NB). [¹²³I]-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy±single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of NB, but it presents some limitations, such as the time-consuming procedure (2 days), the low spatial resolution, and challenging interpretation. Alternative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) catecholaminergic radiopharmaceuticals have been investigated to overtake the issues of [¹²³I]-MIBG. Among them, one of the most promising seems to be meta-[¹⁸F]fluorobenzylguanidine ([¹⁸F]-mFBG). Thus, we planned a head-to-head systematic review and meta-analysis to compare [¹⁸F]-mFBG PET/CT and [¹²³I]-MIBG SPECT/CT in NB. We executed a literature search to identify all articles performing a head-to-head comparison between these two methods, excluding review articles, preclinical studies, case reports, and small case series (less than 5 patients). Finally, five studies were collected for a total of 115 patients and 1,644 lesions. A patients-based analysis showed that [¹⁸F]-mFBG PET/CT had a higher pooled sensitivity than [¹²³I]-MIBG SPECT/CT (97% vs 82%, respectively) and identical pooled specificity (82%). Also at a lesion-based analysis, [¹⁸F]-mFBG PET/CT demonstrated better sensitivity (99% vs 51.5%). In conclusion, preliminary evidence-based data demonstrate that [¹⁸F]-mFBG PET/CT showed superior diagnostic performance than [¹²³I]-MIBG SPECT/CT. However, it is still unclear the real added value of [¹⁸F]-mFBG PET/CT compared to [¹²³I]-MIBG SPECT/CT in the change of clinical management. These findings suggest [¹⁸F]-mFBG PET/CT may become a superior, more efficient alternative to [¹²³I]-MIBG for staging and response assessment in neuroblastoma. Future studies should focus on its impact on clinical management and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2414-2426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"10 years of paediatric and perinatal postmortem imaging: where are we now?","authors":"Owen J Arthurs, Rick R van Rijn","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06795-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06795-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2588-2590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149063373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The curious history of meconium ileus: how clinical experience revived a forgotten meaning.","authors":"Anthony Zarka","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06777-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06777-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2586-2587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the colon: the importance of small intestine assessment in aganglionic megacolon: reply to Vargova P et al.","authors":"Merter Keceli","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06657-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06657-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2608-2609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147974393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant fusiform Todani type I choledochal cyst in a child with fluctuating jaundice.","authors":"Zhiying Zhang, Binglin Lai","doi":"10.1007/s00247-026-06673-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00247-026-06673-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19755,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"2611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148016677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}