Ontogenez最新文献

{"title":"[Cellular Model Based on Laser Microsurgery of Cell Spheroids to Study the Repair Process].","authors":"N V Kosheleva,&nbsp;I V Ilina,&nbsp;K V Kozhina,&nbsp;I M Zurina,&nbsp;A E Roskova,&nbsp;A A Gorkun,&nbsp;A V Ovchinnikov,&nbsp;M B Agranat,&nbsp;S G Morozov,&nbsp;I N Saburina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, modern techniques of laser microsurgery of cell spheroids have been used to develop\u0000a new simple, reproducible model for studying the mechanisms of repair and regeneration in vitro. Nanosecond\u0000laser pulses were applied to perform a microdissection of the outer and the inner zones of the spheroids\u0000from dermal fibroblasts. To achieve effective dissection and preservation of spheroid viability, the optimal\u0000parameters were chosen: 355 nm wavelength, 100 Hz frequency, 2 ns pulse duration, laser pulses in the range\u0000of 7–9 μ J. After microdissection, we observed injury of the spheroids : the edges of the wound surface opened\u0000and the angular opening reached a value of more than 180°. As early as during the first hour after spheroid\u0000microdissection with laser radiation, the surviving cells changed their shape: cells on the spheroid surface and\u0000directly in the damaged area became rounded. One day after microdissection, the structure of the spheroids\u0000began to partially recover, the cells in the surface layers began to take the original flattened shape; debris of\u0000dead damaged cells and their fragments was gradually cleared from the spheroid composition. In the proposed\u0000model, the first data on stimulation of structure recovery of injured spheroids from dermal fibroblasts with a\u0000P199 synthetic polypeptide, which is used in cosmetology for the initiation of antiaging and regenerative\u0000effects in the skin, were received. After microdissection, recovery of the spheroids structure with a few surface\u0000layers of flattened imbricated arranged cells and polygonal cells of the inner zone in the presence of P199 peptide\u0000was faster than in the control group, and was completed within 7 days, presumably due to the remodeling\u0000of the survived cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36547764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Efficiency of Cell Transplantation in Repair of Mouse Liver Damage].","authors":"E S Korobko,&nbsp;E A Suprunenko,&nbsp;A V Vasil’ev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effectiveness of two transplantation methods of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2\u0000and allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue (AT MSCs) into mice was compared in order to\u0000select the most effective for liver damage repair. Considerable advantage of cell transplantation into the spleen\u0000compared with intraperitoneal administration was shown. It is found that, under similar conditions of transplantation,\u0000AT MSCs are detected in liver tissue in smaller quantities than human hepatocellular carcinoma\u0000cells HepG2; differences in cell localization of these types of cells in the liver are revealed. A tendency to\u0000decrease in the degree of fibrotic changes in liver tissue after transplantation of AT MSCs and to a greater\u0000extent after transplantation of AT MSCs, pretreated with interleukin-6, was traced.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36548042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Use of Fundamental Properties of Embryonic Objects for Studying Potential Environmental Effects of Technogenic Impacts].","authors":"O P Melekhova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article analyzes the problems of biosafety in terms of individual development patterns. Previously,\u0000the key role of epigenetic free radical processes in normal embryonic development of lower vertebrates\u0000in the formation of the competence and determination of embryonic primordia has been demonstrated, and\u0000a significant increase in the intensity of free radical process before every qualitative change in homeostatic\u0000mechanisms in developing organisms was found: in induction systems, before hatching of the embryo from\u0000the shells, and in preparation for metamorphosis. Thus, the activation of free radical processes in embryonic\u0000primordia corresponds to instability and characterizes the “critical periods of development” and increased\u0000sensitivity of the embryo to environmental impacts. Patented methods and a test system that allows detecting\u0000early biological effects of weak environmental impacts and predicting their environmental risk are presented.\u0000Possible mechanisms of significant biological effects of weak radiation and chemical impacts on the developing\u0000organism are discussed. The necessity of including embryonic objects in the protocol of testing the biosafety\u0000of technological developments is substantiated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"73-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36542212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Changes in Elemental and Isotopic Composition Accompanying Larval Growth and Metamorphosis of the Moor Frog].","authors":"Yu K Doronin,&nbsp;A V Tiunov,&nbsp;E N Kalistratova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A variety of early ontogenetic events of anuran species (growth, structural and biochemical diversification,\u0000metamorphosis) offers a unique opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness and application limits of\u0000mass spectrometry method for the analysis of metabolic and transformation events in developing organisms.\u0000The dynamics of relative carbon and nitrogen contents and stable isotopes of these elements during larval\u0000development in the period of metamorphosis climax and after its conclusion in moor frog specimens developing\u0000in their natural habitat and in vitro on a referent diet are traced. A decrease in C/N ratio and enrichment\u0000of the tissues with heavy stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen during embryonal and larval development\u0000(prior to the beginning of independent feeding) indicates the increase in the portion and variety of proteins,\u0000accompanied by consumption of yolk lipids. The relative nitrogen content increase and C/N ratio decreases\u0000with the growth and development of independently feeding tadpoles, which indicates surpassing increase of\u0000the portion of proteins in tissues. In growing tadpoles, the rates of tissue renewal in general and rates of protein\u0000metabolism in particular affect the kinetics of changes of tissue isotope composition, which approaches isotope\u0000composition of the consumed food. A decrease in С/N ratio in the bodies of metamorphs during mass\u0000tissue decomposition is indicative of continuing reconstruction of larval organs and growth of anlage of definitive\u0000organs. Significant increase of C/N ratio and depletion of liver samples by heavy carbon isotopes are\u0000associated with intensive synthesis and reservation of lipids within the organ. Strong enrichment of metamorphs’\u0000tissues with heavy nitrogen isotope indicates the substitution of ammoniotelic type of nitrogen\u0000metabolism by urotelic type. Decrease in C/N ratio and enrichment of tissues by heavy carbon isotope may\u0000be connected to intensive oxidation of lipids, which supports the growing energy costs of terrestrial underyearlings.\u0000Relative contents of heavy nitrogen isotope in the tissues of underyearlings does not change compared\u0000to the tissues of metamorphs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36549072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Role of Mechano-Dependent Cell Movements in the Establishment of Spatial Organization of Axial Rudiments in Xenopus laevis Embryos].","authors":"D V Bredov,&nbsp;A U Evstifeeva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trajectories of individual cell movements and patterns of differentiation in the axial rudiments in\u0000suprablastoporal areas (SBA) in whole embryos of Xenopus laevis artificially stretched in the transverse direction\u0000up to 120–200% from the initial length at the early gastrula stage were mapped. We observed the impairment\u0000of anisotropic cell movements of longitudinal stretching and latero-medial convergence inherent for\u0000SBA. Axial rudiments occurred in all cases, but their location was completely impaired and dramatically different\u0000from the normal topology for moderate (120–140%) stretching. Stronger stretching caused a partial\u0000ordering of the whole axial complex and its reorientation toward stretching. We concluded that induction factors\u0000determine short-range order in their arrangement in SBA, whereas anisotropic cell movements in any\u0000direction are needed for long-range order. Moderate transverse stretching destroys normally oriented anisotropy,\u0000but it is not enough for establishment of the anisotropy oriented perpendicular to the normal. This\u0000explains the disorder at light stretching. The main conclusion of this study is that anisotropic tensions of\u0000embryonic tissues play role of long-range order parameters of cell differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"21-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36540339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Regeneration of the Skin Pigment System during Larval Development of the Clawed Frog].","authors":"A Yu Molchanov,&nbsp;O V Burlakova,&nbsp;V A Golichenkov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate regeneration capability of the skin pigment system of clawed frog larvae after local\u0000damage to melanophores without skin rupture. The contribution to recovery of pigmentation of the injured\u0000area of de novo differentiation of melanophores is compared to contribution of mitotic division of undamaged\u0000melanophores localized on the boundaries of the injured area. The regeneration process is observed during\u0000various stages of pigment system development of larvae. We establish that, compared to ontogenetic dynamics,\u0000pigmentation development in animals is more intense during the regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"84-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36542128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamics of the Incubation Medium Redox Potential during Early Development Stages of Misgurnus fossilis Loach].","authors":"A B Burlakov,&nbsp;V I Kuzmin,&nbsp;A F Gadzaov,&nbsp;D L Tytik,&nbsp;V E Kasatkin,&nbsp;L A Sleptsova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The analysis of kinetic curve of redox potential changes (ORP) of aqueous medium in the process\u0000of loach embryo population development at 17°C was conducted. The system of critical points defining periodization\u0000of the major stages of embryo development was identified on the ORP curve in the time interval up\u0000to τ(0) using novel methods for processing of nonlinear signals. It was shown that τ(0) was a natural periodization\u0000parameter of main morphological changes in an embryo known in the developmental biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"28-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36540340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[On the Work of the Developmental Biophysics Laboratory of the Embryology Department of Moscow State University].","authors":"L V Beloussov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The laboratory is engaged in morphomechanics—the study of self-organization of mechanical\u0000forces that create the shape and structure of the embryonic primordia. As part of its work, the laboratory\u0000described pulsating modes of mechanical stresses in hydroids, identified and mapped mechanical stresses in\u0000the tissues of amphibian embryos, and studied morphogenetic reorganization caused by the relaxation and\u0000reorientation of tensions. The role of mechanical stresses in maintaining the orderly architectonics of the\u0000embryo is shown. Mechano-dependent genes are detected. Microstrains of embryonic tissues and stress gradients\u0000associated with them are described. A model of hyper-recovery of mechanical stresses as a possible\u0000driving force of morphogenesis is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"48 1","pages":"4-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36540101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Length of Meristematic and Fully Elongated Root Cells Related to Haploid DNA Content].","authors":"N V Zhukovskaya,&nbsp;E I Bystrova,&nbsp;V B Ivanov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lengths of meristematic (l(m)) and fully-elongated cells (l(e)) were measured in the roots of 118\u0000monocot and dicot species of herbaceous plants from 20 angiosperm families. The results were analyzed using\u0000the data on haploid DNA content (C(val)) for the same species from the website (http://data.kew.org/cvalues).\u0000The distribution range of lm, le, and C(val) was wider in monocot plants compared to dicots. Values of l(m) and l(e)\u0000in monocot and lm in dicot species correlated positively with C(val). Dependence of lm and le on C(val) was similar\u0000in diploid and polyploid species, both monocots and dicots. The average length of root cells differed less than\u0000the root length.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"47 6","pages":"346-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36537022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Structural–Functional Condition of the Thyroid Gland of Red Deer at Different Stages of Postnatal Ontogenesis].","authors":"N D Ovcharenko,&nbsp;O E Vlasova,&nbsp;O G Gribanova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The histological structure and morphometric and some histochemical indices of thyroid gland of\u0000maral as a subspecies of red deer at the postnatal stage of ontogenesis were studied. It was established that the\u0000gland was structurally formed by the time of the birth. C-cells are detected at 6 months of age. With age, the\u0000ratio of follicles of different sizes changed: smaller forms predominate in newborns and those 6 months old,\u0000medium and large predominate in adults and in old deer. Histological, morphometric, and histochemical\u0000data indicate to activation of the thyroid gland in the period of intensive growth for up to 6 months and a gradual\u0000decrease in activity over the next years of life. During aging, along with an increase in stromal elements,\u0000large follicles with colloid are stretched and resorption processes in the follicles are reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":19673,"journal":{"name":"Ontogenez","volume":"47 6","pages":"339-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36539427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}