[Use of Fundamental Properties of Embryonic Objects for Studying Potential Environmental Effects of Technogenic Impacts].

This article analyzes the problems of biosafety in terms of individual development patterns. Previously, the key role of epigenetic free radical processes in normal embryonic development of lower vertebrates in the formation of the competence and determination of embryonic primordia has been demonstrated, and a significant increase in the intensity of free radical process before every qualitative change in homeostatic mechanisms in developing organisms was found: in induction systems, before hatching of the embryo from the shells, and in preparation for metamorphosis. Thus, the activation of free radical processes in embryonic primordia corresponds to instability and characterizes the “critical periods of development” and increased sensitivity of the embryo to environmental impacts. Patented methods and a test system that allows detecting early biological effects of weak environmental impacts and predicting their environmental risk are presented. Possible mechanisms of significant biological effects of weak radiation and chemical impacts on the developing organism are discussed. The necessity of including embryonic objects in the protocol of testing the biosafety of technological developments is substantiated.