Ophthalmic Research最新文献

{"title":"Electrodiagnostic Tests as Potential Efficacy Endpoints in Clinical Trials of Novel Pharmacological Therapies for Acquired Retinal Disorders.","authors":"Magella M Neveu, Victor Chong, Theo Empeslidis, Hendrik P N Scholl, Anthony G Robson","doi":"10.1159/000544702","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electrodiagnostic tests (EDTs) provide non-invasive, objective, and measurable indications of retinal and visual pathway function. These hold the promise of evaluating drug efficacy and disease progression over shorter periods than traditional \"end-stage\" outcome measures (e.g., best-corrected visual acuity) in various ophthalmological pathologies. The International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision has defined rigorous standards for EDTs, intended to optimize diagnostic power, enabling meaningful inter-laboratory comparisons and facilitating application as outcome measures in increasing numbers of multicentre clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review outlines the main EDTs, including full-field, pattern, and multifocal electroretinography; the electro-oculogram; and the cortical visual-evoked potential, and highlights the possible role for monitoring disease progression and assessing treatment safety and efficacy. The utility and potential of EDTs are highlighted in studies that have assessed function and tested or monitored treatment safety or efficacy for a range of acquired retinal and optic nerve disorders, including central retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, posterior uveitis, and autoimmune-related retinopathies.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>EDTs are fundamental to the diagnosis and phenotyping of many acquired retinal and visual pathway disorders. They also provide methods for the objective assessment of the efficacy and safety of potential novel treatments across short periods. Conventional psychophysical tests, such as visual acuity, are of limited value in localizing and characterizing dysfunction and are not always suitable for monitoring purposes. This review highlights where EDTs may address the need for better outcome measures to evaluate novel treatments within clinical trials, helping to select early treatment candidates and for the assessment of safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"169-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Retinal Zone and Plus Severity with the Requirement of Re-Treatment in Bevacizumab-Treated Eyes for Retinopathy of Prematurity.","authors":"Sadik Etka Bayramoglu, Nihat Sayin, Ibrahim Kocak","doi":"10.1159/000544710","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the location of retinal vascularization and plus severity with re-treatment rates in intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB)-treated eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this retrospective, observational study, 200 eyes treated with IVB for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and aggressive-ROP were included. The pretreatment retinal vascularization was evaluated by analyzing quantitative measurements of optic disc-to-fovea distance (DFD), disc diameter, and shortest and longest distance between the optic disc and ridge of wide-field fundus photographs (WFPs). Plus severity was qualified in five grades such as normal, pre-plus, mild plus, moderate plus, and severe plus by evaluating WFPs. Re-treatments up to 60 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA) were evaluated. Re-treated eyes up to first month after initial treatment were labeled as early re-treatment group and re-treated eyes after the first month of initial treatment up to 60 weeks of PMA were labeled as middle-term re-treated group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six percentage of eyes had zone I, 64% of eyes had zone II disease, and 42% eyes had mild plus disease. Forty-three (21.5%) eyes of 23 infants underwent re-treatment prior to 60 weeks of PMA. Thirteen eyes and 30 eyes were in the early- and middle-term re-treated groups, respectively. In middle-term re-treated group, 27 (13.5%) eyes re-treated for progressive reactivated disease, and 3 (1.5%) eyes re-treated for prophylactic purposes. Advanced pretreatment retinal vascularization and high birth weight were negatively associated with the re-treatment rate (p = 0.016, odds ratio = 0.774; p = 0.041, odds ratio = 0.999, respectively). There was a positive association between the re-treatment rate and pretreatment plus severity (p = 0.044, odds ratio = 1.449). The lower ratio of shortest distance between the optic disc and ridge to DFD was considered as an independent predictive variable for higher rate of re-treatment (p = 0.002; odds ratio: 0.450).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The location of retinal vascularization and plus disease showed a wide distribution in bevacizumab-treated eyes. Graded evaluation of retinal vascularization and plus severity may help predict the need for additional treatment. Unresponsiveness to the initial treatment, increased fibrotic activity, progressive reactivated stage 2-3 ROP, extraretinal new vessels, and prophylactic purposes were the main re-treatment indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"195-209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Perfluorohexyloctane for the Treatment of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Andrea Taloni, Giulia Coco, Marco Pellegrini, Vincenzo Scorcia, Giuseppe Giannaccare","doi":"10.1159/000542149","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to systematically review the evidence from randomized controlled trials that evaluate the efficacy and safety of perfluorohexyloctane in the treatment of dry eye disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus in April 2024 with the search strategy (\"perfluorohexyloctane\" or \"NOV03\" or \"semifluorinated alkane\") and \"dry eye.\" Extension and paired-eyes study were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Forest plots and a summary of findings were prepared for total corneal fluorescein staining (tCFS), tear film break-up time (TFBUT), eye dryness score (EDS), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) for tCFS after 8 weeks of treatment was -0.53 (95% CI: -0.68 to -0.38; p < 0.001), indicating a significant improvement in patients treated with perfluorohexyloctane. The between-study heterogeneity was moderately high (I2 = 52.0%). No significant differences in TFBUT were observed (SMD = 0.05; 95% CI: -0.16 to 0.25; p = 0.654). Regarding symptoms, patients treated with NOV03 had significantly lower EDS compared to controls (SMD = -0.49; 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.32; p < 0.001), with moderately high heterogeneity (I2 = 71.1%). Conversely, the pooled SMD of OSDI was -0.13 (95% CI: -0.43 to 0.17; p = 0.412), indicating no significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perfluorohexyloctane is an effective and safe alternative for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease due to MGD that can significantly reduce tCFS and eye dryness symptoms. More well-designed non-sponsored randomized clinical trials are required to investigate the impact on other ocular surface parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Estimated Individual Vitreous Volume on Intraocular Pressure Spikes after Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Injection.","authors":"Nurullah Koçak, Abdülcemal Gürpınar, Volkan Yeter","doi":"10.1159/000543071","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of estimated individual vitreous volume (VV) on intraocular pressure (IOP) spikes after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections (IVIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>VVs of eyes were calculated using an axial length (AL)-based formula AL3 × (π/6) × 0.76 + 0.012 × (AL - 24), and study eyes were divided into four groups according to their VVs; <4.5 cm3 (Group 1, n = 52), 4.5-5.0 cm3 (Group 2, n = 60), 5.0-5.50 cm3 (Group 3, n = 60), and >5.50 cm3 (Group 4, n = 35). IOP measurements were taken Pre-IVI, immediately after (Post-IVI-0), 5 min (Post-IVI-5), 15 min (Post-IVI-15), and 30 min after the IVI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant IOP change was found between the five-time points in all groups (p < 0.001 for all). Regarding the same time point measurement comparison between the groups, only a statistically significant change was found in the Post-IVI-0 point (p = 0.001). In a post hoc analysis, Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 had significantly higher IOP values when compared to Group 4 (p < 0.05 for all). Patients treated with prefilled ranibizumab syringes exhibited lower IOP increases than vial-prepared aflibercept injection at the Post-IVI-0 time point (p = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A similar increase in IOP was observed in eyes with low and intermediate volumes, but the increase was less pronounced in those with high volumes after the IVI. Prefilled syringe form showed a lower IOP increase tendency in comparison with vial-prepared forms of the molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"108-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Preferences with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema: A Multinational Discrete Choice Experiment Study.","authors":"Alfredo García-Layana, Gloria C Chi, Laurent Kodjikian, Mariacristina Parravano, David Chow, Timothy L Jackson, Carl Danzig, Liliana P Paris, Mirela Mirt, Mickael Henry-Szatkowski, Hannah B Lewis, Brittany Gentile","doi":"10.1159/000541349","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>New anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments are emerging for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME)/neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). This study aimed to explore the treatment attributes patients find important when deciding on treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This noninterventional survey study assessed treatment preferences through a discrete choice experiment (DCE) among patients with DME/nAMD in the USA, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK. The DCE design was informed by a targeted literature review and qualitative interview research and included five treatment attributes: mode of administration, frequency of examinations, frequency of injections or refills, likely change in visual acuity, and eye-related side effects. Conditional logit models were used to analyze the choice data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 537 patients completed the DCE (DME, n = 173; nAMD, n = 364). Patients reported preferring \"injection\" over \"implant surgery and refills\" and better visual outcomes over \"stabilization,\" which were also the most important attributes driving preference (35.1% and 31.5%, respectively). They also showed a preference for less-frequent treatment and examinations and for \"mild-moderate, frequent\" over \"severe, rare\" side effects. These findings were generally consistent across the two conditions, although significant differences were found depending on anti-VEGF treatment duration (nAMD, DME) and number of reported barriers (nAMD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patient preferences for treatment are driven by several factors. Considering these preferences is essential when designing/introducing new therapies. Individual treatment preferences should be identified and given key consideration when helping patients select from an expanding array of treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Macular Fundus Autofluorescence Changes in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa.","authors":"Muhammad Jehanzeb Khan, Zainab Rustam, Faiqa Binte Aamir, Maria Chairez Miranda, Imad Shaikh, Anam Akhlaq, Jiawen Liu, Mandeep Singh, Xiangrong Kong, Peter A Campochiaro","doi":"10.1159/000543082","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to characterized fundus autofluorescence (AF) changes that occur in the macula of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case series on 99 patients with RP. Features seen on fundus AF images were evaluated, organized into a grading scheme, and correlated with ellipsoid zone (EZ) width. Patterns of AF changes occurring in the macula and correlation with EZ width.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four primary fundus AF phenotypes were identified: (1) hyperAF arc, (2) hyperAF ring, (3) hyperAF ring with abnormal hyperAF within the ring, and (4) central hyperAF. The second phenotype was most common and had 3 subgroups, hyperAF rings within the macula, those extending outside the macula, and incomplete rings. HyperAF rings were also characterized as narrow or wide with wide rings having a greater amount of hyperAF. Linear Mixed-Effects Model showed mean measured EZ width was significantly greater for phenotype 1 versus each of the other 3 phenotypes (p < 0.01) and for phenotype 2 versus phenotypes 3 and 4 (p < 0.05), and also differed among phenotype 2 subgroups (p < 0.05). Other AF characteristics identified were focal posterior distinct or indistinct hypoAF which sometimes formed complete or incomplete hypoAF rings surrounding a hyperAF ring, diffuse or focal hyperAF outside hyperAF rings, and the amount of encroachment of peripheral hypoAF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A grading scheme for macular AF features in patients with RP identified phenotypes that correlate with stage of disease based upon EZ width. Longitudinal studies are needed to test whether presumed early AF phenotypes evolve into later phenotypes. Use of the grading scheme for patient populations in interventional trials could help determine if any of the defined AF features provide predictive value for therapeutic responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"156-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early High Postoperative Intraocular Pressure Improved the Predictability of Trabeculectomy in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yao Liu, Huangyang Shi, Xinbo Gao, Wei Huang, Huishan Lin, Weng Ian Tam, Zhuoyi Wu, Chengguo Zuo, Mingkai Lin","doi":"10.1159/000543420","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of early intraocular pressure (IOP) on long-term outcomes of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who were treated with primary trabeculectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study, with a total of 74 patients (90 eyes) with POAG who were treated with trabeculectomy surgery at a single center from 2021 to 2022. Based on IOP at 1 day after surgery, they were divided into the high IOP group (≥15 mm Hg) and the low IOP group (<15 mm Hg). The Student's t test and a chi-square test were used to compare the differences between the two groups. The generalized estimating equation model compared the included binocular data to adjust for internal correlations between the two eyes of the same subject. The Kaplan-Meier method compared the surgical success rates of the two groups. Besides, to identify the relationship between IOP at different postoperative time points and IOP at 1-year follow-up, the Spearman correlation analysis was established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 90 eyes (74 patients) with POAG were included in this investigation. After a 1-year follow-up, both the qualified surgical success rates in the high IOP group and the low IOP group were 92.3% and 92.2%, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between them (p = 0.890). The rate of bleb massage in the high IOP group was 82.1% (32 eyes) which was significantly higher than in the low IOP group (19.6%, 10 eyes) (p < 0.001). In the Spearman correlation analysis, it was observed that in the high IOP group, the significant correlation with IOP at 1 year emerged at 1 week after surgery (r = 0.496, p = 0.002) and a higher correlation at 1 month after surgery (r = 0.515, p = 0.002). In the low IOP group, the significant correlation with IOP at 1 year emerged at 3 month after surgery (r = 0.314, p = 0.038) and a higher correlation at 6 month after surgery (r = 0.592, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the POAG patients with primary trabeculectomy, we demonstrated that compared with the low IOP group, the high IOP group could provide a similar surgical success rate while requiring a higher frequency of bleb massage. In addition, in the high IOP group, IOP at 1 month after surgery predicted long-term IOP control outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"210-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Evaluation of Ocular Surface and Meibomian Gland Function after Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis Surgery.","authors":"Kenneth Ka Hei Lai, Zhichao Hu, Jamie Tsun Chiu, Fatema Mohamed Ali Abdulla Aljufairi, Jake Uy Sebastian, George Pak Man Cheng, Wilson Wai Kuen Yip, Alvin Lerrmann Young, Clement Chee Yung Tham, Calvin Chi Pui Pang, Kelvin Kam Lung Chong","doi":"10.1159/000542985","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a common refractive surgery. But it may lead to temporary dry eye due to reversible damage to the corneal subbasal nerve plexus. However, evidence on chronic ocular surface changes are unclear. This study reports the ocular surface changes, partial blinking rates, and meibomian gland statuses in eyes that underwent LASIK for at least 48 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional, matched case-control comparison study, including 48 post-LASIK patients and 48 sex-, age-, smoking-, and axial length-matched healthy controls, recruited from a community eye screening program. Outcome measures include anterior segment clinical findings, keratographic and meibographic imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally, 48 right eyes of 48 post-LASIK Chinese patients (39 females, 2 smokers) were analyzed with 48 right eyes of 48 matched healthy controls. The mean age at the time of ocular surface examination was 50 ± 11 years, and the axial length 26±1 mm. Post-LASIK eyes had a lower quality of meibum (p = 0.008) compared to healthy controls. Post-LASIK eyes were associated with a shorter Schirmer's test (p = 0.03). The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score was higher in post-LASIK patients (p = 0.00001). Other anterior segment examination parameters, partial blinking rate, meibomian gland dropout, lipid layer thickness, noninvasive tear break-up time, and tear meniscus height were comparable between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Up to 75% of post-LASIK patients complained of on-going, chronic dry eye symptoms. Post-LASIK eyes were associated with a reduced aqueous tear production. Post-LASIK patients with chronic dry eye symptoms are advised to have periodic ocular surface evaluation. Treatments might be considered in patients with poor tear film stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"84-89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Retinal and Choroidal Microvasculature in Systemic Sclerosis Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Lohrasbi, Elaheh Karimi, Mahdi Gouravani, Shahnaz Fooladi Sarabi, Amirreza Mafi, Alireza Beikmarzehei, Hossein Sanjari Moghaddam, Mohammadamin Parsaei, Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaei, J Fernando Arevalo","doi":"10.1159/000542413","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an emerging technique to investigate retinal and choroidal microvascular alterations in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the features of retinal and choroidal microvasculature using OCTA among SSc patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methodology of the study was based on PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched systematically on November 25, 2023, for relevant studies utilizing OCTA as the main diagnostic tool to assess the retinal and choroidal microvasculature in SSc patients versus healthy controls. Random-effect or fixed model meta-analysis was used based on the heterogeneity of studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven observational comparative studies, including 366 patients with SSc and 350 healthy controls, conducted between 2020 and 2023, were included in this review. Meta-analysis findings revealed a significant decrease in vessel densities in both the superficial and deep capillary plexuses among SSc patients compared to controls. However, there were no significant differences observed in the foveal avascular zone area and choriocapillaris flow area between SSc patients and controls. Moreover, central macular thickness (CMT) consistently exhibited a decrease in SSc patients, while retinal nerve fiber layer thickness showed no significant differences. Although radial peripapillary capillary vessel density, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and cup/disk ratio yielded mixed results, with some studies indicating significant changes in the SSc group, meta-analysis could not be performed due to variations in the OCTA machines used across the included studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review demonstrates retinal and choroidal microvascular abnormalities in SSc using OCTA. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand how these abnormalities evolve over time in patients with SSc and whether these abnormalities correlate with the clinical features of SSc.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"23-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Effects of Umbilical Cord Serum for Dry Eye Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Bo Da Li, Jia Xuan Jiang, Qi Zhang, Yi Ran Chu, Ze Ying Chen, Kai Hu","doi":"10.1159/000542731","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent ocular condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Umbilical cord serum (UCS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option, but its efficacy requires further investigation. This systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of UCS eye drops in the treatment of DED.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of science, Embase, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Network, to identify relevant clinical trials. The efficacy of UCS was assessed based on key outcome measures, such as the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test, and corneal fluorescein staining scores. Meta-analyses were performed to pool the results, and the findings were presented in a forest plot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, with two relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving a total of 204 patients. Most of the included studies had a follow-up time of less than 2 months. The pooled results showed that UCS treatment significantly improved the OSDI, with a mean difference (MD) of -9.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], -12.0, -6.36) compared to baseline. Additionally, the TBUT values were higher in the UCS group, with an MD of 2.65 (95% CI, 0.93, 4.36). The Schirmer I test results showed an improvement, with an MD of 1.18 (95% CI, 0.30, 2.06). The fluorescein staining score were also lower in the UCS treatment group, with an MD of -4.71 (95% CI, -5.72, -3.69).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis suggested that UCS eye drops had a beneficial therapeutic effect on DED, significantly improving the OSDI, TBUT, Schirmer I test, and corneal fluorescein staining scores. However, larger RCTs with longer follow-up periods were needed to further evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of UCS in the management of DED.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"71-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}