Ophthalmic Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Randomized Trial Outcomes of 3D Low-Light Intensity-Assisted and Traditional Eyepiece-Assisted Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.","authors":"Xing Ge, Dandan Liu, Yalu Liu, Fangfang Fan, Yue Wang, Zhengpei Zhang, Haiyang Liu, Suyan Li","doi":"10.1159/000543135","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is a primary surgical method for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The introduction of the 3D head-up system has provided ophthalmologists with a new surgical experience. This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes between 3D low-light intensity-assisted and traditional eyepiece-assisted PPV for RRD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective randomized controlled design was employed to compare the surgical outcomes of 3D low-light intensity-assisted and traditional eyepiece-assisted PPV for RRD. The optical intensity parameters of optical fibers and chandeliers were set according to the minimum lighting standard for 25-G PPV. Surgery duration and intraoperative conditions were documented. Post-surgery, the light intensity of the optical fiber and chandeliers during surgery was measured using a photometer. Patients were followed up for six months to assess their postoperative recovery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, with p < 0.05 indicating statistically significant differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in baseline data (p > 0.05). PPV was completed in all patients, and there was no statistically significant difference in surgery time between the two groups (p > 0.05). The optical fiber and chandelier light intensity in the 3D group were significantly lower than those in the eyepiece group and the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001). Six months after surgery, the retinal attachment rate was 100%. Post-surgery, both best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were significantly higher than presurgery levels. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of retinal attachment rate, BCVA, IOP, and flash electroretinogram (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to the traditional eyepiece, the 3D head-up system can effectively complete surgery under lower illumination intensity. The anatomical restoration and functional success of the retina after surgery are equivalent.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"90-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Causes of Blindness and Vision Impairment in the State of Qatar: Results of a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mohammed AlThani, Mariam Abdulmalik, Samya AlAbdulla, Kholoud AlMotawaa, Halla Algadi, Muhammad Rabiu, Ian McCormick, Shadi AlAshwal","doi":"10.1159/000543721","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study is a population-based investigation into the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) among people aged 50 years and older living in the State of Qatar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) methodology, applied from May 2022 to June 2023, utilized stratified two-stage cluster random sampling to select 5,060 persons aged 50 years and older resident in Qatar from 145 communities chosen by probability proportional to size. Communities were stratified by Qatari and non-Qatari nationality. Participants were examined by ophthalmologists in primary health centers. Data collection was through the RAAB7 Android application and supervised by a trainer using secure, encrypted cloud storage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3,206 participants examined, 14 (0.4%) had blindness and 10 (0.3%) had severe VI. Compared to a previous RAAB study in 2009, the prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity [VA] <3/60) decreased from 1.28% to 0.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2-0.7%). The age-sex-adjusted prevalence of all VI (presenting VA <6/12-NPL) was 9.7% (95% CI: 8.3-11.1), higher among females 12.6% (95% CI: 10.5-14.6), and Qataris 16.7% (95% CI: 14.4-19.1), compared to males 7.6% (95% CI: 6.3-9.0), and non-Qataris 6.3% (95% CI: 5.1-7.5). The principal causes of blindness included diabetic retinopathy (DR) (33.3%), cataract (20%), glaucoma (13%), and other posterior segment diseases (13%). All VI was mainly attributed to uncorrected refractive errors at 58% and cataract at 17%, with the former being more common among non-Qataris and cataract more prevalent among Qataris.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show a low prevalence of VI compared with many countries that have published VI data. VI was mainly caused by DR, cataract, and uncorrected refractive error. Further reduction in vision loss can be achieved with early detection and improved access using innovation and technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"137-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Change of Ciliary Muscle-Trabecular Meshwork-Schlemm Canal Complex after Phacoemulsification using Swept-Source-Optical Coherence Tomography.","authors":"Zhangliang Li, Xueer Wu, Xinpei Ji, Zehui Zhu, Nan Zhe, Yun-E Zhao","doi":"10.1159/000543303","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cataract surgery has been reported to have a reducing effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous eyes. This effect seems to be more noticeable in eyes with narrow angles (NAs) than in eyes with open angles (OAs). Decrease in IOP may be a result of the increase in anterior chamber angle and Schlemm canal (SC) after cataract surgery. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the relationship between Schlemm canal-cross-sectional area (SC-CSA) changes and trabecular meshwork, ciliary muscle changes after cataract surgery and the difference in non-glaucomatous eyes with NAs and OAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>IOP, SC-CSA, Schlemm canal diameter (SCD), trabecular meshwork width (TMW) and thickness (TMT), trabecular-iris angle at 500 µm from the scleral spur (TIA500), and the distance between the inner apex of the ciliary muscle and scleral spur (IA-SS) were measured by swept-source-optical coherence tomography preoperatively and 1-week post-surgery. Patients were divided into NA and OA groups according to the degree of TIA500, and SC-CSA-related parameters were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-five patients (89 eyes) were included. IOP significantly decreased, SC-CSA, SCD, TMW, TMT, and TIA500 significantly increased post-surgery (p < 0.001). Changes in nasal SC-CSA were associated with TMW (p = 0.003) and TIA500 (p < 0.001) changes; changes in temporal SC-CSA were associated with TMW (p = 0.001) and TMT (p < 0.001) changes. SC-CSA expansion was correlated with changes in TMW (β3.726 ± 1.085, p = 0.001 nasally; β3.405 ± 0.945, p = 0.001 temporally), TMT (β5.224 ± 2.033, p = 0.012 nasally; β11.853 ± 3.059, p < 0.001 temporally), and TIA500 (β40.330 ± 15.100, p = 0.009 nasally; β35.453 ± 17.527, p = 0.047 temporally). There was no association between SC-CSA expansion and IA-SS changes. SC-CSA expansion was greater in the NAs than in the OAs group (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cataract surgery results in IOP reduction and SC-CSA expansion. Increased SC-CSA correlates with increases in TMW, TMT, and TIA500. SC-CSA increased more in NAs than in OAs group post-surgery, which may explain the greater decrease in IOP in eyes with NAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"100-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive Intrableb Structures of Functioning Blebs following Trabeculectomy according to Amniotic Membrane Transplantation.","authors":"Sangwoo Moon, Jiwoong Lee","doi":"10.1159/000542762","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intrableb structures are hallmark features of the filtering bleb. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of functioning blebs using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) according to amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty eyes from 40 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy, either with AMT (20 eyes) or without AMT (control group, 20 eyes), were included. Parameters including bleb height, bleb wall thickness, striping layer thickness, striping to bleb wall ratio, bleb wall reflectivity, fluid-filled space score/height/area, and presence of microcysts were assessed using AS-OCT. Surgical success was defined at the time of AS-OCT as an intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤18 mm Hg and IOP reduction ≥30% without medication. In these patients, if the bleb had a clinically diffuse and healthy without any signs of an encapsulated bleb, the bleb was then defined as functioning bleb.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Except for bleb height (p = 0.352) and microcyst formation (p = 0.266), significant differences were observed between the two groups. The functioning blebs of the AMT group exhibited greater fluid-filled space score, area, and height than those of the control group, following adjustment for AS-OCT time (all p < 0.001). Conversely, the functioning bleb of the control group demonstrated thicker bleb wall and striping layer, higher striping to bleb wall ratio, and lower bleb wall reflectivity than those of the AMT group, following adjustment for AS-OCT time (all p ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distinct intrableb structures were identified in functioning blebs according to AMT. The reflectivity and thickness of the bleb wall structures were more pronounced in the functioning bleb after trabeculectomy alone. In contrast, the extent of the fluid-filled space emerged as a more distinctive feature of the intrableb structures in the functioning bleb after trabeculectomy with AMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Optic Disc Morphology and the Peripapillary Retinal and Choroidal Thickness by the Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Moyamoya Disease.","authors":"Fei Yang, Xiaochun Li, Xijuan Wang, Xuanling Chen, Yaqian Niu, Yan Zhang, Chengxia Zhang, Guangfeng Liu","doi":"10.1159/000542801","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disorder. Ocular involvement in patients with MMD has increasingly been recognized and reported in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the changes of optic disc morphology and the peripapillary retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with MMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 56 patients diagnosed with idiopathic MMD and 56 healthy controls matched by age and gender. All participants underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography to capture the optic disc morphology as well as the peripapillary retinal and choroidal thickness. Optic disc parameters, including cup area, rim area, cup volume, rim volume, cup-disc area ratio (CDR), linear CDR, and vertical CDR were measured and compared between the two groups. Additionally, the thickness of the whole peripapillary retina, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and choroid were evaluated and analyzed across 12 clock-hour segments around the peripapillary region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rim area in MMD patients was significantly less than in controls, while the CDR in MMD patients was significantly larger than that in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding disc area, cup area, cup volume, rim volume, vertical and horizontal diameter of disc. The retinal thickness at the 7 o'clock position was significantly thinner in the MMD group compared to the control group and the temporal RNFL thickness, particularly at the 7 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions, was significantly reduced in the MMD group (p < 0.05). The GCL layer at the 7 o'clock position was thinner in the MMD group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The MMD group showed a notably reduced average choroidal thickness, particularly in the inferior-temporal region (p < 0.05). There was a correlation between peripapillary choroidal and GCL layer thickness in the MMD group, but no significant correlations were found with rim area, CDR, or RNFL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with MMD, there is an increase in the CDR accompanied by a decrease in the rim area. Additionally, there is thinning of the temporal RNFL, GCL, and choroidal thickness, notably in the inferotemporal quadrant of the optic disc.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Patient Characteristics and Surgery-Related Risk Factors on Endophthalmitis after Cataract surgery: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Shanshan Zhang, Jian Xu","doi":"10.1159/000543353","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, with a notably high incidence rate. Endophthalmitis is the most severe complication following cataract surgery, often resulting in profound vision loss. This study evaluates the impact of risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, posterior capsule rupture (PCR), type of surgery, and use of intraocular lens (IOL) material on the risk of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>English and Chinese public databases were searched from inception to March 1, 2024. We included studies reporting the number of occurrences of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery on potential risk factors, including age, sex, DM status, hypertension status, intraoperative PCR, type of surgery and use of IOL material. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 57 studies were included and critically evaluated in the meta-analysis. The results showed that female sex was associated with a lower risk of endophthalmitis (odds ratio [OR]: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.75-0.87; p < 0.001). Individuals with diabetes who underwent cataract surgery were found to have a greater risk of endophthalmitis (I2 = 95%; OR: 4.90; 95% CI: 2.41, 9.95; p < 0.001), but the result may be influenced by publication bias. Individuals with hypertension (OR: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.53, 5.45; p = 0.001) and intraoperative PCR (OR: 9.18; 95% CI: 3.31, 25.43; p < 0.001) were found to have a greater risk of endophthalmitis. Phacoemulsification significantly reduced the risk of endophthalmitis compared with extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.85) based on network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Male sex, hypertension, intraoperative PCR, and the use of the ECCE surgical approach are associated with a greater risk of postoperative endophthalmitis. Although an age-related trend in elevated risk was observed, this finding should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"117-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lenses for Correcting Ametropia in Stable Keratoconus.","authors":"Osvaldo Berger, Naveen Garikapati, Hasan Naveed, Aida Hajjar-Sese, Artemis Matsou, Zisis Gatzioufas, Samer Hamada, Mohamed Elalfy","doi":"10.1159/000543936","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (PCPIOLs) is a reasonable option in the armamentarium to treat refractive error in patients with keratoconus. We present our experience with the use of PCPIOL for the management of ametropia in patients with keratoconus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients included those with stable keratoconus treated in the Corneoplastic Unit, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, UK, with PCPIOL (ICL Staar Surgical and IPCL Care Group) to improve their visual acuity. Data were obtained from preoperative visit and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Clinical characteristics, pre- and postoperative uncorrected (UDVA) and best corrected (CDVA) logMAR visual acuities, and perioperative complications were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 eyes of 21 patients were included. UDVA changed from 0.75 preoperatively to 0.18 post-surgery (p = <0.001) and CDVA from 0.07 to 0.12 (p = 0.12). Seventy percent of the cases increased 3 or more lines of UDVA while none of the eyes lost more than 2 lines of CDVA. No significant difference in final UDVA was found between patients with and without previous keratoplasty (0.27 and 0.18, p = 0.38), previous corneal collagen crosslinking (0.16 and 0.3, p = 0.24), intracorneal ring segments (0.2 and 0.2, p = 0.94), or type of lens implanted (0.2 implantable collamer lens and implantable phakic contact lens. p = 0.94). One intraoperative complication reported was an inverted PCPIOL insertion and postoperatively 4 axis rotations and 1 cataract were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of PCPIOL in patients with stable keratoconus is effective in improving their UDVA, even in cases with previous corneal procedures such as keratoplasty, crosslinking, and intracorneal rings. Rotation is the most common postoperative complication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes after implantation of a novel binocular complementary extended depth of focus intraocular lens compared to bilateral low near-add multifocal intraocular lenses.","authors":"Hannah Ivellio-Vellin,Manuel Ruiss,Julius Hienert,Stefan Georgiev,Caroline Pilwachs,Andreea Fisus,Oliver Findl","doi":"10.1159/000541308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541308","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONAim of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes of two diffractive intraocular lenses (IOL): a novel binocular complementary IOL compared to a conventional low near-add multifocal IOL (MIOL).METHODSPatients scheduled for cataract surgery were randomly allocated into two groups receiving either binocular complementary optical systems (ARTIS SYMBIOSE Mid and Plus, Cristalens, France) or low near-add MIOL (AT LARA, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany). Patients had visual acuity (VA) assessment at distance, intermediate, and near as well as evaluation of contrast sensitivity, halometry and reading performance.RESULTSIn total, 56 eyes of 28 patients were enrolled. At 6 months, there were no statistically significant differences in visual acuity between the ARTIS SYMBIOSE and the AT LARA. Contrast sensitivity at 1.5 cycles per degree under photopic conditions without glare was 1.54 logCS with the ARTIS SYMBIOSE and 1.43 logCS with the AT LARA (p=0.046), under mesopic conditions with glare at 1.5 and 3 cycles per degree 1.31 logCS and 1.28 logCS with the ARTIS SYMBIOSE, respectively, compared to 0.58 logCS and 0.51 logCS with the AT LARA (p=0.002; p=0.006). Halos and reading performance between both groups were similar.CONCLUSIONThere were no significant differences between both groups in visual acuity at different distances, reading ability or halometry. The contrast sensitivity at low spatial frequencies was better in the ARTIS SYMBIOSE group under photopic conditions with and without glare as well as mesopic conditions with glare.","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":"82 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recalled age of myopia onset may predict risk of high adult myopia in Chinese adults.","authors":"Chunjie Mao, Xiaodan Zhang, Mengyu Liao, Fengqi Zhou, Xinlei Zhu, Tian Wang, Ruotian Xie, Haokun Zhang, Tiantian Yang, Kai He, Miao Guo, Yanfang Zhu, Yi Lei, Yiming Li, Ling Yao, Bohao Cui, Yuyang Miao, Han Han, Xiao Zhao, Yinting Song, Zhiyong Sun, Jinguo Yu, Wei Zhou, Yun Zhu, Hua Yan","doi":"10.1159/000538442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000538442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between age of myopia onset and high myopia and to explore if age of onset mediated the associations of high myopia with parental myopia and time spent on electronics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 1118 myopic patients aged 18 to 40. Information was obtained via a detailed questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression and linear regression models were utilized to assess age of onset in relation to high myopia and spherical equivalent refractive error, respectively. Structural equation models examined the mediated effect of onset age on the association between parental myopia, time spent on electronics and high myopia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An early age at myopia onset was negatively correlated with spherical equivalent refractive power. Subjects who developed myopia before the age of 12 were more likely to suffer from high myopia than those who developed myopia after the age of 15. Age of myopia onset was the strongest predictor of high myopia, with an area under the curve (AUC) in Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis of 0.80. Additionally, age of myopia onset served as a mediator in the relationships between parental myopia, electronic device usage duration, and the onset of high myopia in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Age of myopia onset might be the single best predictor for high myopia, and age at onset appeared to mediate the associations of high myopia with parental myopia and time spent on electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Grading of Diabetic Macular Edema Is Associated with Systemic Inflammatory Indices and Imaging Biomarkers.","authors":"Chen Yanxia, Yang Xiongyi, Fu Min, Ke Xiaoyun","doi":"10.1159/000535199","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Objectives of the study were to investigate the correlation between optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based grading of diabetic macular edema (DME) and systemic inflammatory indices, imaging biomarkers, and early anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 111 eyes from 111 patients with DME treated with intravitreous anti-VEGF therapy for 3 consecutive months every month were enrolled in this retrospective study. According to a protocol termed \"TCED,\" DME was divided into early, advanced, severe, and atrophic stages. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subretinal fluid (SRF), and the number of hyperreflective foci (HRF) in the whole retinal layers were analyzed at baseline and 3 months after the first injection. Peripheral blood inflammatory indices were calculated, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet (PLT)-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Statistical analysis was performed to compare the visual and anatomical results and evaluate HRF and SRF in different stages of DME before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in systemic inflammatory indices among the four groups, including NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, and CRP (all p &lt; 0.05). The CRP, NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII were significantly higher in the atrophic stage compared to the advanced stage (all p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, the CRP, NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII were significantly lower in the advanced stage compared to the early stage (all p &lt; 0.05). Except for the atrophic stage, BCVA and central retinal thickness (CRT) were significantly improved after treatment in early, advanced and severe stages (all p &lt; 0.05), especially in the severe stage. The decline in the proportion of SRF and HRF ≥20 was the most significant in the advanced stage after anti-VEGF treatment (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.016), but not in the early and severe stages (all p &gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Systemic inflammatory indices and the decline in the proportion of SRF and HRF ≥20 were closely associated with different stages of DME based on \"TCED.\" Meanwhile, the \"TCED\" grading system can predict visual and anatomical prognosis of DME after anti-VEGF treatment, which may be a biomarker for identifying risk stratification and management of DME.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"96-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}