Ophthalmic Research最新文献

{"title":"A Pilot Survey of Patient Perspectives on an Artificial Intelligence-Generated Presenter in a Patient Information Video about Face-Down Positioning after Vitreoretinal Surgery.","authors":"Carmelo Zak Macri, Stephen Bacchi, Wilson Wong, Duleepa Baranage, Premala Devi Sivagurunathan, Weng Onn Chan","doi":"10.1159/000541530","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Video education is a commonly used patient education tool. However, the impact of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into video education remains unexplored. This study aimed to examine the acceptability of an AI-generated presenter in a patient information video about face-down positioning after vitreoretinal surgery.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We prospectively enrolled participants who were planned for vitreoretinal surgery in which postoperative face-down positioning was recommended at the Royal Adelaide Hospital between December 2022 and September 2023. Participants were preoperatively provided with an educational video presented by an AI-generated presenter, incorporated into a surveyredcap. A pre- and post-video questionnaire was administered electronically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 15 participants included in the study. In the pre-video questionnaire, most participants rated their awareness of special equipment for positioning as \"not aware\" (33%) and \"slightly aware\" (33%). The median pre-video six-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Score was 12 (interquartile range 12-15). In the post-video questionnaire, most participants rated the video's quality as \"excellent\" (73%) and would recommend it to others (73%). The majority of participants strongly agreed that they understood the AI presenter (60%), felt at ease with the presenter (60%), and trusted the presenter (60%). Four participants (22%) disagreed with the statement: \"I was aware the presenter was computer generated.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Video-based education may provide information that patients find useful, particularly for physical maneuvers such as face-down positioning. The use of an AI-generated presenter was well-received by the majority of patients. Further research regarding the use of AI to develop educational video content is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Life Results after the Administration of a Single 0.19 mg Fluocinolone Acetonide (ILUVIEN®) Implant in Patients with Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema.","authors":"Warda Darwisch, Maria Della Volpe-Waizel, Philipp K Roberts, Karl T Boden, Peter Szurman, Annekatrin Rickmann","doi":"10.1159/000540459","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate real-life data on the functional and anatomical outcome of intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) in patients with refractory diabetic macular edema (DME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study on 44 eyes with chronic DME that received intravitreal FAc implant and were previously treated with intravitreal dexamethasone, triamcinolone, or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. We assessed best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central maximum thickness (CMT), and foveal thickness (FT) as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis OCT; Heidelberg Engineering). Secondary outcomes were intraocular pressure (IOP), adverse events, time to additional treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The FAc implant significantly reduced the CMT (baseline 541.23 ± 155.29 µm, p < 0.001) and FT (baseline 460.34 ± 139.28 µm, p < 0.001) for up to 36 months. Despite postoperative visual improvement over time, BCVA did not significantly shift from baseline (0.55 ± 0.38 logMAR, p = 0.568). The FAc implant effect diminished after 21.34 ± 12.74 months. IOP increased in 9% of eyes (n = 4) but was well controlled under topical (n = 1) or surgical therapy (n = 3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though patients' visual recovery does not benefit significantly, the FAc implant addresses the important pillars of chronic DME therapy regarding reduced injection frequency and reduced DME.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Myopic Macular Foveoschisis Research.","authors":"He Chen, Xuan Liu, Xuebin Zhou, Jinling Fu, Lufei Wang","doi":"10.1159/000540238","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Presently, the global prevalence of myopia and high myopia reaches approximately 1.95 billion and 277 million individuals, respectively. Projections suggest that by 2050, the number of people with myopia may rise to 4.758 billion and those with high myopia to 938 million. In highly myopic eyes, the occurrence of MF is reported to be as high as 8-33%.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review comprehensively addresses the classification, pathogenesis, natural progression, concomitant pathologies, and therapeutic strategies for macular foveoschisis in highly myopic patients.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>In recent years, macular foveoschisis has emerged as a prevalent complication in individuals with high myopia, primarily resulting from the combination of inward traction by vitreoretinal adhesions and outward traction exerted by posterior scleral staphyloma on the retina. While some maintain partial visual stability over an extended period, others may progress to macular holes or even retinal detachment. For highly myopic patients with macular foveoschisis, the mainstay procedures are vitrectomy, macular buckle, and posterior scleral reinforcement. However, there is controversy about whether to perform inner limiting membrane peeling and gas filling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Macular and Peripapillary Vessel Density in Obese Individuals without Metabolic Disease.","authors":"Müslüm Toptan, Hasan Elkan","doi":"10.1159/000539103","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is well established that microvascular structures are affected in obese people with metabolic disease. We aimed to evaluate the effect on microvascular structures by examining macular and peripapillary vessel density with optical coherence tomography angiography after bariatric surgery in obese individuals without metabolic disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 96 eyes of 48 obese patients. Body mass index (BMI), macular vessel density in the superficial, intermediate, and deep capillary plexus, and peripapillary vessel density were measured before and 6 months after bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMI decreased significantly to 43.75 ± 4.4 kg/m2 postoperatively compared to 55.31 ± 5.1 kg/m2 preoperatively (p &lt; 0.05). A significant increase was observed in macular vessel density in the deep capillary plexus postoperatively (p &lt; 0.01). However, no significant postoperative increase occurred in macular vascular density in the superficial and intermediate capillary plexus (p &gt; 0.05). Moreover, there was no change in peripapillary vascular density (p &gt; 0.05). Postoperative thickening of the foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal retinal layers was significant (p &lt; 0.001). No significant correlation was detected between BMI change and macular and peripapillary vessel density changes (p &gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An increase in macular vascular density, particularly in the deep capillary plexus, and retinal layer thickness has been observed following bariatric surgery performed on obese individuals without metabolic disease. This increase may indicate that microvascular structures are affected even in the absence of metabolic disease and that microperfusion improves with surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel 3D High Resolution Imaging Method Using Correlative X-Ray and Electron Microscopy to Study Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser-Induced Defects in Intraocular Lenses.","authors":"Andreas F Borkenstein, Adrian Mikitisin, Alexander Schwedt, Eva-Maria Borkenstein, Joachim Mayer","doi":"10.1159/000539243","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cataract extraction is the most frequently performed ophthalmological procedure worldwide. Posterior capsule opacification remains the most common consequence after cataract surgery and can lead to deterioration of the visual performance with cloudy, blurred vision and halo, glare effects. Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy is the gold standard treatment and a very effective, safe and fast procedure in removing the cloudy posterior capsule. Damaging the intraocular lens (IOL) during the treatment may occur due to wrong focus of the laser beam. These YAG-pits may lead to a permanent impairment of the visual quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an experimental study, we intentionally induced YAG pits in hydrophilic and hydrophobic acrylic IOLs using a photodisruption laser with 2.6 mJ. This experimental study established a novel 3D imaging method using correlative X-ray and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize these damages. By integrating the information obtained from both X-ray microscopy and SEM, a comprehensive picture of the materials structure and performance could be established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It could be revealed that although the exact same energies were used to all samples, the observed defects in the tested lenses showed severe differences in shape and depth. While YAG pits in hydrophilic samples range from 100 to 180 µm depth with a round shape tip, very sharp tipped defects up to 250 µm in depth were found in hydrophobic samples. In all samples, particles/fragments of the IOL material were found on the surface that were blasted out as a result of the laser shelling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Defects in hydrophilic and hydrophobic acrylic materials differ. Material particles can detach from the IOL and were found on the surface of the samples. The results of the laboratory study illustrate the importance of a precise and careful approach to Nd:YAG capsulotomy in order to avoid permanent damage to the IOL. The use of an appropriate contact glass and posterior offset setting to increase safety should be carried out routinely.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Optic Nerve Head Microcirculation in Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients with Unilateral Visual Field Defect.","authors":"Pei-Wen Lin, Li-Wen Chiu","doi":"10.1159/000538407","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Microcirculation of optic nerve head (ONH) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients with unilateral visual field (VF) loss has yet to be fully investigated, especially the perimetrically unaffected fellow eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight OAG patients with VF defect in one eye and normal VF in the other eye, and thirty-one healthy participants were analyzed. All participants underwent laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging, and VF test for further analyses. LSFG measurements included mean blur rate in all area of ONH (MA), big vessel area of ONH (MV), and tissue area of ONH (MT). SD-OCT parameters included circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness and macula thicknesses. The difference of LSFG and SD-OCT indices between glaucoma patients and healthy controls were compared. The diagnostic accuracy was analyzed with the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AROCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Global cpRNFL thickness and macular thickness in unaffected eyes of OAG patients were higher than their fellow eyes and lower than healthy eyes. MA and MV in healthy eyes and unaffected eyes were significantly higher than in affected eyes. MT in unaffected eyes of OAG patients was higher than in their fellow affected eyes but lower than in healthy eyes. The AROCs were highest for cpRNFL (0.925), followed by macular thickness (0.838), and MT (0.834).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ONH microcirculation in perimetrically unaffected fellow eyes was decreased in OAG patients with unilateral VF loss. LSFG can detect changes of ONH in high-risk eyes before detectable VF damage, which may reflect the vascular pathophysiology for glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000537849","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537849","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between Residual Sensitivity in the Central Inferior Nasal Visual Field and Visual Function in Chronic Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Patients.","authors":"Maya Kishi, Kaori Ueda, Takuji Kurimoto, Makoto Nakamura","doi":"10.1159/000535537","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited, acute or subacute, optic neuropathy. The typical symptoms include reduced visual acuity and central scotoma. Despite the presence of deep central scotoma, some patients with LHON are able to perform daily activities. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the residual visual field and visual acuity, critical flicker frequency, and fixation ellipse in patients with chronic LHON.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Residual visual function (defined as sensitivity points where patients sensed the size V stimulus) of both eyes was evaluated in 10 patients with LHON carrying the m.11778 mitochondrial DNA mutation and with median age of onset and disease duration of 29 and 16.5 years, respectively. The central visual field was measured as static perimetry using the Humphrey visual field testing 30-2 program with the size III or V stimulus. Moreover, best-corrected visual acuity, critical flicker frequency, and the correlation between fixation ellipse and residual central visual fields were determined. The analysis was performed through a linear mixed-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The residual visual sensitivity in the inferior nasal visual field was significantly correlated with the logMAR (p &lt; 0.05). The fixation ellipse fell within the residual visual field region with higher sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with chronic LHON tended to retain the sensitivity detectable with the size V stimulus at the central inferior nasal visual field regions, where the fixation ellipse fell. Visual acuity, which influences daily activity, was spatially correlated with residual visual sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver Experience Survey of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Francesco Viola, Gloria C Chi, Nancy M Holekamp, Audrey Giocanti-Aurégan, Alfredo García-Layana, Tunde Peto, Peter J Kertes, Mirela Mirt, Aachal Kotecha, Jérémy Lambert, Hannah B Lewis, Brittany Gentile","doi":"10.1159/000540390","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetic macular edema (DME) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) require frequent anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment and monitoring visits. We aimed to understand the burden of treatment on caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multinational, noninterventional study used a cross-sectional survey of adult patients with DME or nAMD treated with anti-VEGF injections in the USA, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK. The survey assessed caregivers' sociodemographic characteristics, patient relationships, patients' clinical history and treatment experiences, caregivers' experiences, and the Caregiver Reaction Assessment of caregiving burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Caregivers for patients with DME (n = 30) and nAMD (n = 95) completed surveys. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) age was 64.0 ± 13.4 years, and most were female (71.2%), white (70.4%), married (66.4%), and from Europe (67.2%). Most were caring for their mother/father or partner/spouse (85.6%). Mean ± SD length of time as a caregiver was 9.1 ± 10.0 years. Caregivers estimated they provided support for 4.2 ± 2.9 days/week and 6.0 ± 7.1 h/day on average. Nearly half of caregivers (45.6%) reported some impairment in daily activities, and more than two-thirds (70.5%) of working caregivers (n = 44) reported work absenteeism due to anti-VEGF treatment/monitoring appointments. At least one treatment barrier was reported by 66.7% and 50.5% of caregivers of patients with DME and nAMD, respectively, which were related to coronavirus disease 2019- (38.4%), clinic- (18.4%), social-/health- (13.6%), treatment- (10.4%), or financial-related factors (4.8%). Caregiver Reaction Assessment scores indicated mild-to-moderate burden, with higher caregiver schedule disruption scores associated with an increasing number of anti-VEGF treatment/monitoring visits among DME caregivers (r = 0.61).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers devote substantial time to caregiving, leading to schedule disruptions and absenteeism for some working caregivers. Positive and negative impacts on caregiver mental health were reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life Analysis in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa.","authors":"Audrey Humphries, Lee Bowman, Timothy Nguyen, Joshua So, Madison Duff, Sandeep Grover, Jinghua Chen","doi":"10.1159/000539116","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a chronic progressive disease causing loss of visual acuity and ultimately blindness. This visual impairment can contribute to psychiatric comorbidity and worse overall quality of life (QOL). Our goal was to assess the relationship between the severity of disease for people with RP and QOL as it pertains to mental health, social support, disability resources, and financial factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a survey study conducted from June 2021 to February 2022 including 38 people with RP. QOL was assessed through a survey questionnaire focusing specifically on demographics, visual function, family, employment, social support, and mental health/well-being. Statistical analysis was conducted using a χ2 test for significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 20/200 (p = 0.0285) and living alone (p = 0.0358) were both statistically significant independent risk factors for experiencing depressive symptoms. Highest education level attained and unemployment rate were not found to be related to the development of depressive symptoms. Subjects had a higher unemployment rate (64% vs. US rate of 3.6%) and a high likelihood of reporting depressive symptoms (47.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>People with RP are more likely to be unemployed and to develop depressive symptoms when compared to the general population. Similar to previous studies' findings, those with a BCVA of less than 20/200 were statistically more likely to experience depressive symptoms; living alone is a novel risk factor that is also associated with the presence of depressive symptoms. Contrary to prior findings, highest education level and unemployment status were found not to be related to the development of depressive symptoms. These patients may benefit from regular depression screenings and optional establishment of care with a psychiatrist or psychologist if they live alone or their BCVA is 20/200 or worse.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}