Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Three Dimensional Evaluation of Skeletal and Dento-Alveolar Effects Between Tooth-Borne and Bone-Anchored Maxillary Expansion for Growing Patients-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Augustine Ka Chun Yung, Ho Hin Chan, Junqi Liu, Kuo Feng Hung, Zhongyuan Tang, Zhiyi Shan","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transverse maxillary deficiency, a common skeletal discrepancy among children and adolescents globally, can be treated using either bone-anchored (BA) and tooth-borne (TB) maxillary expanders. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the three-dimensional (3D) difference in the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of both expander types in growing patients. A systematic literature search was performed across four electronic databases to identify randomised clinical trials that evaluated the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of BA and TB maxillary expanders using 3D radiographic images with comparisons made immediately after expansion, within 6 months, and beyond 6 months. Following risk of bias assessment, dimensional changes in sutural expansion (SE), nasal width (NW), maxillary width (MW), as well as tooth inclination (TI) and buccal bone thickness (BBT) of posterior tooth regions were extracted and pooled for further meta-analyses. The analyses were performed based on evaluation periods to determine immediate, short-term, and long-term effects. Among 1432 records that have been retrieved, ten studies followed our predetermined eligibility criteria, thus included in this systematic review for qualitative synthesis. Nine of them were able to undergo quantitative synthesis. Regarding the immediate effect, BA expanders presented significantly higher SE, NW, and MW changes than TB expanders, while showing no significant difference in TI and BBT at the molar region. During the first 6 months after expansion (short-term), evidence has shown that the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects were more favourable to BA expanders in terms of greater nasal width changes and less TI for premolars and molars. However, there were particularly insufficient studies that investigated the long-term skeletal and dentoalveolar effect differences, though there might be greater nasal width changes after 6 months. Current evidence suggests that hybrid/BA expanders produce significantly greater skeletal effect than tooth-borne expanders in the immediate and short term. These effects include increased sutural opening and nasal width, alongside less premolar buccal tipping and greater buccal bone thickness at the premolar and molar region less than 6 months after expansion. Over time, the differences between groups appear to diminish time, indicating potential instability in the long-term outcomes. Due to the high heterogeneity among studies and low quality of evidence reported, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Further studies with more standardised ways would be needed, particularly for long-term changes. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42023399235).</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Series Transcriptomics Identifies Xanthine Dehydrogenase in Injured Neurons Correlated With Orthodontic Pain.","authors":"Xiaoqi Zhang, Lu Xing, Xiaoqian Zhang, Waseem Ai-Gumaei, Qingxuan Wang, Minqi Li, Hu Long, Wenli Lai","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) pain poses a significant clinical challenge, yet its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established a mouse OTM model validated by micro-CT and histology, alongside pain assessments (Mouse Grimace Scale, bite force). Bulk RNA-seq was performed on trigeminal ganglion (TG) tissues, integrated with public single-cell RNA-seq data for a more comprehensive view, and key genes were confirmed via qPCR and immunofluorescence. A user-friendly web platform (OTMPTGTA) was developed to enable researchers to explore differentially expressed genes, gene correlations and gene-set analyses without specialised coding skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OTM induced both significant tooth movement and heightened pain, peaking at Day 3. Transcriptomic analyses pinpointed an Atf3+ population of injured TG neurons that showed marked upregulation of xanthine dehydrogenase (Xdh) during peak pain; by Day 14, both gene expression levels and pain scores subsided. QPCR and immunofluorescence confirmed coexpression of Atf3 and Xdh at Day 3, implicating Xdh in nociceptive signalling. The OTMPTGTA platform facilitates further exploration of these and other potential pain-related pathways, offering novel insights for targeted intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Xdh is highly expressed in Atf3+ injured neurons during OTM pain, likely intensifying nociceptive signals through oxidative and inflammatory pathways. These findings highlight Xdh as a promising therapeutic target for alleviating orthodontic pain while preserving effective tooth movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Microbial Colonisation on Clear Aligners With Different Cleaning Methods: A Prospective In Vivo Cross-Over Study.","authors":"Sevan Harzivartyan, Hanife Nuray Yilmaz, Eser Rengin Nalbantoglu, Nursen Topcuoglu","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effects of five cleaning methods on oral microorganism levels in patients undergoing clear aligner treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-centre prospective study consisted of 22 patients with mild-moderate malocclusions and treated by clear aligners (Invisalign system). Patients were instructed to use a toothbrush alone to clean the first set of aligners (Week 1), followed by a toothbrush and toothpaste for the second set (Week 2); a toothbrush and Invisalign Cleaning Crystals for the third set (Week 3); a toothbrush and Corega Proguard & Retainer Daily Cleansing Tablets for the fourth set (Week 4); and a toothbrush and Prokudent Removable Orthodontic Appliance Cleaning Tablets for the fifth set (Week 5). Stimulated saliva and biofilm samples within aligners were collected weekly and cultured to quantify mutans streptococci (MS) and yeast levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The amount of mutans streptococci in saliva decreased from 65538 to 31154 CFU/mL over 5 weeks; however, no significant differences were found between any of the weeks. A large effect size was observed between weeks 1 and 3 (0.548). Biofilm-associated MS was recorded highest in the first week (658 CFU/mL) and the lowest in the fifth week (64 CFU/mL), which showed moderate effect size compared to week 1 (0.369) and week 4 (0.353), whereas no significant differences were found between the weeks. Yeast levels remained consistently low, showing no significant differences across the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although a downward trend in mutans streptococci and yeast levels was observed, the decrease was not statistically significant in any of the weeks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory and Sympathetic Nerve Localization in Mouse Temporomandibular Joint and Knee Joint Neuro-Musculoskeletal Tissues.","authors":"Qianlin Ye, Aida Mohammadi, Xinli Zhang, Karolina Kaczor Urbanowicz, Sunil Kapila","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sympathetic-sensory coupling is increasingly implicated in joint homeostasis and disease. Towards the long-term goal of deciphering its role in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), we characterised the spatial relationships of sympathetic and sensory nerves and their receptors in the mouse temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and trigeminal ganglion (TG), using the knee joint for comparison.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>RNAscope was used for localisation of sympathetic nerve markers tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) and adrenergic receptor alpha 2a (Adrα2a); and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and its receptor neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (Ntrk2) that stimulate sympathetic nerve growth. Sensory marker calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was detected through immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Th, Adrα2a, Bdnf and Ntrk2 were expressed in the TMJ and knee joint tissues, including condylar and disc cartilages, muscles and bone marrow. CGRP+ sensory neurons were abundant in the TG and, to a lesser extent, in TMJ and knee tissues, where they were often located near Th- or Adrα2a-expressing sympathetic cells. Some CGRP+ neurons in the TG also co-expressed Adrα2a.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reveal the presence of sympathetic and sensory nerves within the TMJ, knee joint and TG, with these nerves often located near each other. Along with the presence of Adrα2a on CGRP+ sensory fibres, this suggests sympathetic-sensory coupling and potential crosstalk in physiologic and pathologic responses. Expression of Bdnf and Ntrk2 in the TMJ and knee implicates this neurotrophin signalling in modulating sympathetic activity via neural sprouting. Further studies will clarify the functional contributions of this neurological architecture to tissue homeostasis, disease and pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Oral Behaviours, Temporomandibular Disorder-Related Pain, and Anxiety: An 18-Month Prospective Study.","authors":"Bachar Reda, Giovanna Zanon, Luca Contardo, Mohammed Nahidh, Mariam Hmeidan","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Orthodontic treatment is a common approach for correcting malocclusion but is often associated with discomfort. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal changes in oral behaviours, temporomandibular disorder (TMD)-related pain and anxiety among university students undergoing orthodontic treatment compared to untreated controls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted at the University of Trieste, Italy. Participants were grouped based on the presence or absence of active orthodontic treatment and asked to complete an electronic survey comprising the Oral behaviour checklist-21 (OBC-21), TMD pain screener and generalised anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) at baseline (T0), after 6 months (T1), 12 months (T2) and 18 months (T3). Repeated measures ANOVA analysed within-group changes over time, while mixed ANOVA assessed group-time interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 114 participants completed all follow-ups, with 57 in each group and comparable sex distribution. In the orthodontic group, no significant changes were observed across the three measures (p > 0.05). The non-orthodontic group showed a slight increase in OBC-21 scores after 12 months (p = 0.034) and a decrease in GAD-7 scores after 18 months (p = 0.048). Mixed ANOVA confirmed the absence of significant changes in the pattern of scores between the orthodontic and non-orthodontic groups over time (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orthodontic treatment does not significantly influence oral behaviours, TMD-related pain or anxiety over time. Routine screening for these factors in orthodontic patients is not required as a standard practice for all orthodontic patients; instead, individualised assessment should be based on clinical indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Chinese Orthodontic Experts' Subjective and Objective Evaluations of Post-Orthodontic Treatment Profile Photos and Lateral Cephalograms.","authors":"Hanwei Zheng, Chenda Meng, Tianyi Wang, Guangying Song, Huanhuan Chen, Yue Lai, Wei Li, Bing Han, Tianmin Xu","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to analyse and compare the subjective evaluations of post-orthodontic treatment profile photos and cephalometric radiographs by Chinese orthodontic experts, along with their correlation to objective measurements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 216 cases treated at Peking University School of Stomatology (2016-2021) were included. Sixty-five Chinese orthodontic experts conducted subjective ranking and grading of post-treatment profile photos and lateral cephalograms, while three doctoral students performed objective cephalometric analyses. Statistical analyses were used to identify and compare objective indices correlated with expert assessments, determine their weightings, and establish thresholds distinguishing 'harmony' from 'disharmony'.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experts' subjective evaluations of profile photos and cephalograms showed moderate agreement. Five objective indices correlated with facial photograph evaluations (two skeletal: ANB, MP/SN; three soft tissue: Sn-GPos, UL-E, Bs-GPos), while eight indices were associated with cephalogram assessments (including additional skeletal and dental indices: ANB, MPA, Pog-NB, U1/PP, L1/MP, Sn-GPos, UL-GPos, Bs-GPos). ROC analysis determined that a threshold of 3.30 points could differentiate 'harmony' from 'disharmony' for both modalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Experts' subjective assessments are significantly associated with multiple objective cephalometric parameters, particularly those related to incisor inclination, skeletal relationships, and labiomental morphology. Regression analysis suggests that a combination of these indices can reasonably predict expert evaluations. Compared to facial photographs, cephalogram assessments place greater emphasis on incisor inclination and chin morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Socket Healing and MRONJ.","authors":"Yuki Arai, Chiaki Tsutsumi-Arai, Jeryl D English, Noriaki Ono, Wanida Ono","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review aims to summarise the current understanding of the biological processes involved in socket healing after tooth extraction and the contribution of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) during these processes. Additionally, it seeks to explore the mechanisms underlying medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), often linked to tooth extraction, to provide insights for future research directions. Socket healing is a complex biological process consisting of three phases: inflammatory, proliferative and modelling/remodelling. MSCs, particularly those derived from periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and bone lining cells, are known to play a significant role in the initial and subsequent stages of healing. However, the exact contributions of MSCs from surrounding tissues, such as PDL, alveolar bone marrow and periosteum, remain unclear. Recent advancements in cell lineage tracing techniques have provided new perspectives on the origin and role of MSCs in socket healing. Furthermore, the MRONJ conditions suppress MSC activities and lead to apoptosis, resulting in impaired socket healing. It may contribute to the development of MRONJ. Proper understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying socket healing is crucial for improving clinical outcomes in dental procedures and managing complications like MRONJ. Continued research on the roles of MSCs and the application of advanced techniques will enhance therapeutic strategies for socket healing and related conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomised Clinical Trial on the Effect of Intermittent Vibrational Force Application During Orthodontic Treatment With Aligners on Root Resorption.","authors":"Leonardo Teti, Alicia Pérez-Idarraga, Marta Salcedo-Miranda, Alberto Cacho, Fara Yeste-Ojeda, Conchita Martin","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this RCT was to analyse the relationship between intermittent vibratory forces and external apical root resorption (EARR) in patients treated with clear aligners, building on prior research on vibrational effects on biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A parallel, three-arm randomised clinical trial included adults to be treated with clear aligners, randomly assigned by a computerised randomisation list to: Group A (vibration from treatment onset), Group B (vibration after 6 weeks), or Group C (no vibration). While patients and orthodontists were aware of group assignments, evaluators remained blinded. Digital orthopantomographs (OPGs) taken at treatment initiation (T0) and completion (T4) were analysed using Linge & Linge, Fritz & Krieger, and Malmgren methods. Crevicular fluid levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were measured as bone remodelling markers at different time points (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen patients were analysed in Groups A and C, and 14 in Group B. No significant differences in EARR were found between groups, except for a significant increase in Group B (T2-T0) using Fritz & Krieger correlated with OPG (p = 0.010). Mean EARR was 4.13% (Group A), 4.08% (Group B), and 2.52% (Group C) using Linge & Linge; and 3.26%, 2.82%, and 2.12%, respectively, using Fritz & Krieger. No adverse effects were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of intermittent vibratory forces on EARR remains inconclusive, highlighting the need for further research to optimise vibration protocols and understand its impact.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05316636.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Continuous Tongue Pressure Measurement With Mouthguard-Type Pressure-Sensing Device.","authors":"Hidekazu Matsumoto, Kenta Iitani, Kohji Mitsubayashi, Keiji Moriyama","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is well-established that occlusion and dental arch form are related to the morphology and function of the oral soft tissues. Oral soft tissue dynamic assessment is important for elucidating the causes of malocclusion and developing effective treatment methods. We previously developed a small mouthguard-type sensing device for measuring oral soft tissue pressure; however, its continuous measurement performance had not been thoroughly evaluated. This study assessed the device's ability to continuously measure tongue pressure applied to the palatal surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth during multiple swallowing cycles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The device consisting of a pressure sensor, wireless communicator and battery was created. Tongue pressure on the palatal surface of the left maxillary central incisor during swallowing was measured during the swallowing of 10 mL of water, repeated 10 times in a row in one subject.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of pressure spikes corresponded to the number of swallows, enabling clear discrimination of each swallowing event. The mean tongue pressure per swallow was 181.97 ± 31.84 g/cm², with a maximum of 224.97 g/cm² and a minimum of 137.72 g/cm². The mean tongue pressure per swallow measured was comparable to previously reported values for tongue pressure during swallowing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The MG-type pressure-sensing device developed in this study successfully measured tongue pressure continuously in one subject. Future studies with an expanded sample cohort will facilitate a comprehensive assessment of the device for its ability to continuously monitor oral soft tissue pressure, which fluctuates throughout the day over extended periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolites From Salivary Exosomes as Potential Biomarkers for Alveolar Bone and Tooth Resorption.","authors":"W J Rody, L M Shaddox, K Olli, A Martinez-Porras, T J Garrett, J G Cagmat, L S Holliday","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective(s): </strong>In this pilot study, exosomes from saliva were isolated and tested for the presence of metabolomic biomarkers for physiological external root resorption and/or pathological alveolar bone resorption.</p><p><strong>Settings and sample population: </strong>Saliva samples of 20 individuals in the mixed dentition stage of dental development.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Saliva was obtained from healthy control children with resorbing primary teeth or children with localised aggressive periodontitis (LAP) showing alveolar bone loss but little root resorption. Exosomes were isolated by differential centrifugation and analysed by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subsequently, exosomes were subjected to mass spectrometry to identify and quantitate metabolites. Differences between groups were statistically determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 2000 metabolites were detected in salivary exosomes. Metabolites that differed significantly between exosomes from the saliva of LAP patients and controls included L-pipecolic acid, acetylcholine, creatinine, N-acetylneuraminate and numerous unidentified molecules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study provided a proof-in-principle for using metabolites from salivary exosomes as biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}