Oral diseasesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1111/odi.14862
Hind R Hussein, Ali A Abdulkareem, Mike R Milward, Paul R Cooper
{"title":"E-cadherin and TAC in GCF accurately discriminate periodontal health and disease.","authors":"Hind R Hussein, Ali A Abdulkareem, Mike R Milward, Paul R Cooper","doi":"10.1111/odi.14862","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.14862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the accuracy of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) E-cadherin and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) to discriminate periodontal health from disease.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>GCF samples were collected from participants with periodontal health (control), gingivitis, and periodontitis (n = 25 each group). The latter group was further subdivided according to stage (S) and grade. Periodontal parameters were recorded then levels of biomarkers were assayed using ELISA and antioxidant status by use of the Total Antioxidant Capacity Assay for E-cadherin and TAC, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All periodontal parameters were significantly higher in periodontally diseased groups than controls. The GCF E-cadherin significantly increased in gingivitis and periodontitis (S2 to S4) cases as compared to controls. Level of this protein in GCF samples from periodontitis S3 was significantly higher than in gingivitis and S2 groups. The GCF-TAC level was significantly higher in controls than in periodontally diseased groups. No significant differences were observed in the levels of these proteins between grade B and C periodontitis. Both molecules could discriminate periodontal health from gingivitis and periodontitis stages and differentiating periodontitis S3 from gingivitis and other periodontitis stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Levels of TAC and unbounded E-cadherin in GCF samples exhibited promising diagnostic abilities to differentiate periodontal health and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Periodontitis and postoperative inflammation in gastric cancer patients: Propensity score analysis.","authors":"Mio Sasaki, Hideo Shigeishi, Hiromi Nishi, Natsuki Hamada, Honami Kitasaki, Kanako Yano, Yoshino Kaneyasu, Susumu Horikoshi, Hiroyuki Kawaguchi, Kouji Ohta","doi":"10.1111/odi.14865","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.14865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to clarify the association between preoperative periodontitis and postoperative systemic inflammation in patients with gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 140 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery at Hiroshima University Hospital between May 2019 and May 2022. Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) scores were determined to assess periodontitis severity using modified Nesse's methods. Propensity score matching was used to compare patients with high and low PISA scores (> or < the median PISA score of 92.4, respectively). Propensity scores were calculated using a logistic regression model, based on 17 clinical parameters: age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, stroke, clinical stage, surgical procedure, surgical approach, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery duration, blood loss during surgery, remaining teeth, and denture use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven patients were propensity-score-matched. Participants with high PISA scores had a higher incidence of surgical site infection (10.5%) than those with low PISA scores (5.3%). Moreover, participants with high PISA scores had significantly higher C-reactive protein levels on postoperative days 1 than those with low PISA scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative periodontitis may determine the level of postoperative systemic inflammation in patients with gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Content analysis of oral (mouth) cancer-related posts on Instagram.","authors":"Omar Al Karadsheh, Alaa Atef, Dua'a Alqaisi, Siraj Zabadi, Yazan Hassona","doi":"10.1111/odi.14886","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.14886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the content of Instagram posts about oral cancer and assess its usefulness in promoting oral cancer awareness and early detection practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of Instagram for posts about oral (mouth) cancer was conducted using the hashtags #oral cancer and #mouth cancer. Posts usefulness in promoting awareness and early detection was assessed using the early detection usefulness score, and caption readability was assessed using the Flesch Kincaid readability score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 81,000 posts were identified, and 200 posts were thoroughly evaluated. Included posts gathered a total of 48,118 (mean = 420.59 likes) and 27,898 views. Most posts (81.5%) were educational to the lay person, and India and the UK were the major contributors. The most discussed topics were prevention and early detection (55%). Representative clinical images were present in 35.5% of posts. Only 9.5% of posts mentioned the source of information, and the mean usefulness score was only 2.1 out of 10. The mean reading ease score was 56.7 ± 43.8 (range from 1 to 98 out of 100).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Instagram shows potential for promoting oral cancer awareness, particularly in prevention and early detection. However, concerns regarding content quality, scientific validity, and clarity persist.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139672330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral mucosal changes in tight junction proteins in patients with oral lichen planus.","authors":"Xiaomeng Ren, Kaiyi Li, Xin Fang, Zhengda Zhu, Qianming Chen, Chunlei Li, Hong Hua","doi":"10.1111/odi.14912","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.14912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the expression of tight junction, its distribution pattern in oral lichen planus samples and its potential association with the severity of oral lichen planus.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study designs were conducted. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted using oral mucosal tissues from 22 patients with oral lichen planus and 11 healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription PCR were performed to verify the expression of claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin and zonula occludens-1 in oral mucosal tissues from another 30 patients with oral lichen planus and 26 healthy controls. The relationship between tight junction protein expression and oral lichen planus severity was explored using correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5603 and 2475 differentially expressed genes were upregulated and downregulated respectively, in oral lichen planus tissues. KEGG analysis showed that tight junctions including CLDN1, CLDN4, OCLN and TJP1 were downregulated in oral lichen planus. Claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin and zonula occludens-1 expression was verified to be significantly lower in oral lichen planus. Furthermore, correlation analyses showed that decreased occludin expression was positively related to oral lichen planus severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Decreased expression of TJ barrier proteins may be associated with the development of oral lichen planus.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral diseasesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-03-04DOI: 10.1111/odi.14916
Behrouz Arefnia, Anja Horina, Tina Nazerani-Zemann, Gerald Seinost, Marcus Rieder, Gernot Wimmer
{"title":"Nuclear imaging to visualize periodontal inflammation: Findings of a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Behrouz Arefnia, Anja Horina, Tina Nazerani-Zemann, Gerald Seinost, Marcus Rieder, Gernot Wimmer","doi":"10.1111/odi.14916","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.14916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate non-surgical periodontal therapy by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (2-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) uptake using positron emission tomography (PET) integrated with computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Eighty-five patients with peripheral artery disease and severe periodontitis-randomized into three groups receiving therapy with (PT1; n = 29) or without (PT2; n = 28) systemic antibiotics or no treatment (controls: n = 28)-underwent nuclear imaging at baseline and at 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical inflammation (periodontal inflamed surface area; PISA) did not significantly differ across the groups at baseline (p = 0.395) but was significantly reduced at 3 months (p < 0.001), and significantly more so in the PT1/PT2 groups than in the control group (p < 0.001/=0.025) and in the PT1 than in the P2 group (p = 0.001). Radiotracer uptake was measured in both jaws using maximum and mean 'standardized uptake values' (SUV<sub>max</sub>, SUV<sub>mean</sub>) and 'target-to-background ratios' (TBR<sub>max</sub>, TBR<sub>mean</sub>). At 3 months, reductions were relatively small in absolute numbers and fell short of revealing correlations with PISA or significant differences across the groups. Still, they were very consistent in both treatment groups, whereas reductions were not consistently seen in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>2-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT scans did reflect the clinical effects of periodontal treatment very consistently but, for reasons yet to be clarified, less closely than expected.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral diseasesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-06-09DOI: 10.1111/odi.15013
Xueyu Xiang, Jing Zhang, Yuan Yue
{"title":"Pyroptosis: A major trigger of excessive immune response in the gingiva.","authors":"Xueyu Xiang, Jing Zhang, Yuan Yue","doi":"10.1111/odi.15013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.15013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The gingival mucosal barrier, an important oral cavity barrier, plays a significant role in preventing pathogenic microorganism invasion and maintaining periodontal tissue health. Pathogenic microorganism invasion of the gingival mucosa produces a large number of cytokines. Among them, pyroptosis is an important player in exacerbating immune-inflammatory responses, leading to tissue destruction. However, the mechanism of pyroptosis and the immune response it triggers have not been fully elucidated. We provide an overview of recent advances in understanding gingival physical barrier pyroptosis and inflammation-induced hyperimmunity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science databases were searched for articles, reviews, and clinical studies published until March 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We summarised the importance of the gingival barrier in terms of the functions of different cells, described the progress in research on gingival epithelial cell and gingival fibroblast pyroptosis and the immune-inflammatory response it induces, and discussed the relationship between pyroptosis and systemic diseases, association of multiple cell death systems. Finally, we propose future directions for pyroptosis research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pyroptosis often triggers a range of inflammatory immune responses that lead to associated diseases. Therefore, further study of the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and the immune responses is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral diseasesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-01-31DOI: 10.1111/odi.14882
Rani Iani Costa Gonçalo, Julliany Taverny Sousa, Carla Samily de Oliveira Costa, Rodrigo Porpino Mafra, Janaina Lessa de Moraes Dos Santos, Leorik Pereira da Silva, Lélia Maria Guedes Queiroz
{"title":"Does YAP influence cell proliferation and apoptosis in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions?","authors":"Rani Iani Costa Gonçalo, Julliany Taverny Sousa, Carla Samily de Oliveira Costa, Rodrigo Porpino Mafra, Janaina Lessa de Moraes Dos Santos, Leorik Pereira da Silva, Lélia Maria Guedes Queiroz","doi":"10.1111/odi.14882","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.14882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the immunohistochemical expression of YAP and its correlation with markers involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The sample consisted of 95 cases of odontogenic lesions (25 dentigerous cysts, 30 non-syndromic odontogenic keratocysts, 30 conventional ameloblastomas, and 10 unicystic ameloblastomas) and 10 dental follicles used as normal odontogenic tissue. The histological sections were submitted to immunohistochemistry with YAP, cyclin D1, Ki-67, and Bcl-2 antibodies. Immunoexpression was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using an adapted method. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and statistically (p ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest YAP expression was observed in odontogenic keratocysts, followed by unicystic ameloblastomas and conventional ameloblastomas, which exhibited moderate immunoreactivity predominantly in peripheral cells. Furthermore, significant differences in YAP immunoexpression were observed between the groups analyzed, with significant positive correlations between YAP and cyclin D1 in dentigerous cysts and unicystic ameloblastomas and between YAP and Ki-67 in unicystic ameloblastomas (p < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant correlations between YAP and Bcl-2 immunoexpression in the groups studied.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>YAP may influence epithelial cell proliferation in odontogenic cysts and tumors, suggesting its possible participation in the progression of the odontogenic lesions studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biological and prognostic significance of NDRG2 downregulation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chi-Hyun Ahn, Ji-Hoon Kim, Hye-Won Shim, Wui-Jung Shin, Young-Ah Cho, Hye-Jung Yoon","doi":"10.1111/odi.15045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.15045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Downregulation of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2), a tumor suppressor gene, has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in various cancers. However, the prognostic significance of NDRG2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of NDRG2 downregulation in OSCC and to elucidate the mechanism by which NDRG2 is downregulated and the biological role of NDRG2 in tumor progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemical and in silico analyses of NDRG2 expression were performed, and the correlation between NDRG2 expression and clinicopathological data was analyzed. The effect of NDRG2 knockdown on the biological behavior of OSCC cells was investigated and the effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) on NDRG2 expression was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NDRG2 expression was significantly downregulated and DNA hypermethylation of NDRG2 was frequently found in head and neck SCC, including OSCC. Low NDRG2 expression was significantly correlated with adverse clinicopathological features and worse survival in OSCC. NDRG2 knockdown could enhance the oncogenic properties of OSCC cells. NDRG2 mRNA levels in OSCC cells could be restored by 5-aza-dC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Downregulation of NDRG2 promotes tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in OSCC. Therefore, restoration of NDRG2 expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy in OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141420287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral diseasesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1111/odi.15005
Andreea C Didilescu, Sreedevi Chinthamani, Frank A Scannapieco, Ashu Sharma
{"title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activity and periodontal disease pathogenesis-A bidirectional relationship.","authors":"Andreea C Didilescu, Sreedevi Chinthamani, Frank A Scannapieco, Ashu Sharma","doi":"10.1111/odi.15005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.15005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Periodontitis is an inflammatory oral disease that occurs as a result of the damaging effects of the immune response against the subgingival microflora. Among the mechanisms involved, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins family member NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3), proposed as the key regulator of macrophage-induced inflammation, is strongly associated with periodontal disease due to the bacterial activators. This paper aimed to present key general concepts of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation in periodontal disease.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A narrative review was conducted in order to depict the current knowledge on the relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome activity and periodontal disease. In vitro and in situ studies were retrieved and commented based on their relevance in the field.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NLRP3 inflammasome activity stimulated by periodontal microbiota drive periodontal disease pathogenesis and progression. This occurs through the release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-18, and DAMPs (damage-associated molecular pattern molecules) following inflammasome activation. Moreover, the tissue expression of NLRP3 is dysregulated by oral microbiota, further exacerbating periodontal inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review provides new insights into the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome activity and periodontal disease pathogenesis, highlighting the roles and regulatory mechanism of inflammatory molecules involved in the disease process.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11480888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}