Ophthalmic epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents and the Risk of Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Jonathan C Tsui, Keirnan Willett, Jordana B Cohen, Yinxi Yu, Brian L VanderBeek","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2235001","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2235001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Animal studies have suggested that Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs) may increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-related retinopathies, but this effect is unclear in humans. This study evaluates the risk of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR), defined as either diabetic macular edema (DME) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in patients exposed to an ESA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two analyses were performed. First, a retrospective matched-cohort study was designed using a de-identified commercial and Medicare Advantage medical claims database. The ESA cohort of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients who were new users of an ESA from 2000 to 2022 was matched to controls up to a 3:1 ratio. Exclusion criteria included less than 2 years in the plan, history of VTDR or history of other retinopathy. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with inverse proportional treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to assess the hazard of developing VTDR, DME, and PDR. The second analysis was a self-controlled case series (SCCS) evaluating the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of VTDR during 30-day periods before and after initiating an ESA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After inclusion of 1502 ESA-exposed patients compared with 2656 controls, IPTW-adjusted hazard ratios found the ESA cohort had an increased hazard of progressing to VTDR (HR = 3.0 95%CI:2.3-3.8;<i>p</i> < .001) and DME (HR = 3.4,95%CI:2.6-4.4,<i>p</i> < .001), but not PDR (HR = 1.0,95%CI:0.5-2.3,<i>p</i> = .95). Similar results were found within the SCCS which demonstrated higher IRRs for VTDR (IRRs = 1.09-1.18;<i>p</i> < .001) and DME (IRRs = 1.16-1.18;<i>p</i> < .001), but not increased IRRs in PDR (IRR = 0.92-0.97,<i>p</i> = .02-0.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ESAs are associated with higher risks for VTDR and DME, but not PDR. Those studying ESAs as adjunctive therapy for DR should be cautious of possible unintended effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"249-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10776797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9767079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision Problems As a Contributor to Lower Engagement in Care Among Aging Men Living with HIV.","authors":"Alison G Abraham, Weiqun Tong, Valentina Stosor, M Reuel Friedman, Roger Detels, Michael Plankey","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2346894","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2346894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate vision impairment as a barrier to engagement in medical care among aging persons living with HIV (PLWH) who experience multimorbidity and complex care needs.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), a prospective observational cohort of aging PLWH men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined relationships of self-reported vision difficulty with indicators of care engagement: 1) adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART; defined as taking ≥95% of medications); 2) self-reported avoidance of medical care; 3) self-reported tendency to ask a doctor questions about care (>2 questions at a medical visit), as well as with quality of life. A modified version of the National Eye Institute Vision Function Questionnaire was administered at three semi-annual visits (from October 2017 to March 2019) to assess difficulty performing vision-dependent tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 1063 PLWH (median age 57 years, 31% Black). Data on care engagement outcomes were analyzed using repeated measures logistic regression with generalized estimating equations adjusted for race, and at visit values for age, education level, depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and smoking status. Compared to no vision difficulty, those reporting moderate to extreme vision difficulty on at least one task had 2.2 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.4, 3.4) of having less than optimal ART adherence, 1.9 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.1, 3.4) of avoiding necessary medical care and median quality of life scores 8 points lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest vision impairment decreases medical care engagement including HIV care and quality of life among aging PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Productivity in Ophthalmology and Its Correlation to National Economic Indicators Among the OECD Countries: A Bibliometric Analysis.","authors":"Olga Reitblat, Tsahi T Lerman, Judith Dadon, Rita Zlatkin, Irit Bahar, Ruti Sella","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2343728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2343728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prompted by the clinical concern that limited healthcare resources allocation affects physicians' research productivity, this study examines the association between bibliometric indices of ophthalmologic research and national economic indicators in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Scimago Journal and Country rank source was searched for research productivity data in ophthalmology among OECD countries between 1996 and 2019. Bibliometric indices included: documents number, number and percent of citable documents, citations number, citations per document, and H-index. The updated economic indicators of each country (gross domestic product [GDP] per capita, health spending as percent of GDP (health expenditure), gross domestic expenditure on research, and development as percent of GDP [GERD]) were collected from the World Bank and the OECD websites. Correlation between economic and bibliometric metrics and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 267,444 documents analyzed, correlation analysis found a strong correlation between health expenditure and H index (<i>r</i> = 0.711, <i>p</i> < 0.001); a moderate correlation between health expenditure and documents number (<i>r</i> = 0.589, <i>p</i> < 0.001), number of citable document (<i>r</i> = 0.593, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and citations number (<i>r</i> = 0.673, <i>p</i> < 0.001); and a moderate correlation between GERD and H index (<i>r</i> = 0.564, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis controlling for economic factors, population and language showed the independent association of these parameters with bibliometric indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates a positive correlation between bibliometric indicators of ophthalmology research and economic factors, particularly health expenditure, among the OECD countries. Our results suggest an advantage of domestic investment in health to expand academic productivity in the field of ophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race/Ethnicity Analysis of Vascular Alterations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Abu Tahir Taha, Yi Stephanie Zhang, Isabel J B Thompson, Aunoy Poddar, Jeremy D Keenan, Jay M Stewart","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2348050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2348050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Racial and ethnic minorities have a higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and present at advanced stages of disease. In an urban hospital population, we investigated microvascular differences in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between racial/ethnic groups while adjusting for socioeconomic status (SES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3 × 3 mm² macular OCTA scans were obtained for analysis of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter as well as superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel density (VD), vessel length density (VLD), and adjusted flow index (AFI). SES was measured using the Area Deprivation Index. Multivariable regression models were used to adjust estimates for relevant confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>217 non-diabetic and 1,809 diabetic patients were included in the study, consisting of 42.2% Hispanic, 24.9% non-Hispanic (NH) Asian, 6.8% NH Black, 9.7% NH White and 16.3% Other patients. NH White was used as the reference group. Hispanic, NH Asian, and NH Black patients had significantly greater FAZ areas and FAZ perimeters, and lower DCP VD and VLD, among both non-diabetic and diabetic patients (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P-values <0.05). The addition of SES scores in the models did not modify any regressions significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with and without diabetes, racial and ethnic minorities have significant retinal microvasculature differences when compared to NH White patients, regardless of SES. These differences are pronounced in DCP and may predispose racial/ethnic minorities to worse outcomes in DR, thus widening disparities in ophthalmic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported Visual Difficulty, Age-related Eye Disease, and Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in Older Adults.","authors":"Ali G Hamedani, Allison W Willis, Gui-Shuang Ying","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2343725","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2343725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Self-reported visual difficulty is consistently associated with dementia and other neuropsychiatric outcomes, but studies of specific age-related eye diseases have yielded conflicting results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from The National Health and Aging Trends Study, an ongoing nationally representative survey of older U.S. adults (<i>n</i> = 10,089). All subjects are screened for self-reported visual difficulty annually. Using linked Medicare claims data, we identified subjects with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), diabetic retinopathy, and cataract. For each condition, controls with complete Medicare eligibility and at least one eye care encounter were selected. We used semiparametric discrete time proportional hazards models to measure associations with incident dementia, and generalized estimating equations to examine longitudinal associations with depression, anxiety, and hallucinations, adjusting for baseline demographics and time-varying comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-reported visual difficulty was associated with dementia (HR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.34), depression (OR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04-1.26), anxiety (OR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06-1.29), and hallucinations (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.29-1.84). Diabetic retinopathy was associated with depression (OR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.64), and cataracts were associated with a lower risk of depression (OR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.95) and anxiety (OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99). There were no other associations between age-related eye disease and neuropsychiatric outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-reported visual difficulty is associated with dementia and other neuropsychiatric outcomes to a greater degree than age-related eye disease. These findings highlight the distinction between self-reported vision and clinically diagnosed eye disease with regard to health outcomes in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11543918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colombian Ocular Diseases Epidemiology Study (CODES): Prevalence Incidence, and Sociodemographic Characterization of Vision Impairment (2015-2019), A Nationwide Study.","authors":"Germán Mejía-Salgado, Carlos Cifuentes-González, Doménico Barraquer-López, Juan Sebastián Pineda-Sierra, Camilo Andrés Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Paola Saboya-Galindo, Danna Lesley-Cruz, Alejandra de-la-Torre","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2338820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2338820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the prevalence, incidence, and sociodemographic characterization of moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI) and blindness in Colombia based on the National Health Registry Integrated Social Protection Information System (SISPRO) Database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a nationwide population-based study using SISPRO and the International Classification of Diseases. Total and new cases were identified to calculate the prevalence and incidence per 100,000 inhabitants of MSVI and blindness between 2015 and 2019. Blindness was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 20/400 in the better-seeing eye. Meanwhile, MSVI is a BCVA from 20/70 to equal or better than 20/400 in the better-seeing eye. An ANOVA test was performed to identify age differences. A conditional autoregressive model was also employed to depict standardized morbidity rate maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the 50 million inhabitants, the average prevalence and incidence of MSVI were 13.94 and 13.34 between 2015 and 2019, respectively, while for blindness, they were 4.03 and 3.53. Females accounted for most reported cases, and there was a notable shift towards individuals over 50 years (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Valle del Cauca was the region with the most cases reported and the greatest disease burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first nationwide population-based study describing the prevalence, incidence, and sociodemographic characterization of blindness and MSVI in Colombia. In recent years, there has been an increased number of cases, prevalence, and incidence, with females over 50 particularly affected. This research provides insight into the country's vision impairment epidemiology landscape and contributes to formulating public health policies to improve eye health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Association of Uveitis with COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Bijaya K Padhi, Parul Chawla Gupta, Nawal A Al Kaabi, Maha F Al-Subaie, Hayam A Alrasheed, Tarek Sulaiman, Ali A Rabaan, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Shilpa Gaidhane, Quazi Syed Zahiruddin, Arkadiusz Dziedzic, Prakasini Satapathy, Najat J Fraj, Fatimah A Aldrazi, Neelima Kukreti, Sarvesh Rustagi, Hashem Abu Serhan","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2343714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2343714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines have been pivotal in curbing disease spread and severity. However, concerns over post-vaccination adverse events, including uveitis, an inflammatory ocular condition, have been noted. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the incidence and association of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was performed across several databases on October 21, 2023. Human studies examining the incidence of uveitis post-COVID-19 vaccination were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality appraisal of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed to assess the overall incidence of uveitis and the relative risk of developing the condition post-vaccination. All statistical analyses were performed using R software version 4.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies involving over 2 billion vaccine doses were included. The overall incidence of uveitis was 0.016% (95% CI: 0.010 to 0.026). No significant association was found between vaccination and the onset of uveitis (Relative Risk: 1.45 (95% CI: 0.82 to 2.57, <i>p</i> = 0.12) from four studies. The evidence quality was rated very low due to the limited number of studies and imprecision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis indicates a low incidence of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination and no significant association with the vaccine. The findings are constrained by the small number of studies and low certainty of evidence, underscoring the need for further research. Comprehensive and longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm these findings and reinforce public confidence in COVID-19 vaccination programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Utility of Swept-Source OCT-Based Biometry and Fundus Photographs Compared to Spectral Domain OCT in Center-Involving Diabetic Macular Edema.","authors":"S Sanjana Chouhan, Vidya Neelamegam, Keerthana Raghu, R Janani Surya, Jothi Balaji Janarthanam, Chetan Rao, Ayushi Mohapatra, Rajiv Raman","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2338824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2338824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was aimed to evaluate the agreement between the swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT)-based biometry, fundus photographs, and their combination, in comparison to the gold standard spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for the detection of center-involving diabetic macular edema (CI-DME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 55 subjects (78 eyes) diagnosed with diabetic macular edema (DME) detected clinically and on SD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG). Post-mydriatic 45-degree color fundus photograph (Crystal-Vue NFC-700), 1 mm macular scan obtained from SS-OCT-based biometry (IOL-Master 700), and macula cube scan obtained from SD-OCT was used to detect and grade DME into CI-DME and NCI-DME.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed that SS-OCT-based biometry was noted to have a high sensitivity of 1 (0.94-1.00) and a specificity of 0.63 (0.31-0.89) in detecting CI-DME compared to the gold standard (SD-OCT). When combined with data from fundus photographs, specificity decreased to 0.32 (0.15-0.53). Fundus photographs alone exhibited a low sensitivity of 0.52 (0.38-0.64) and a specificity of 0.45 (0.16-0.76) in CI-DME detection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, SS-OCT-based biometry can be used as an effective tool for the detection of CI-DME in diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery and can serve as a screening tool in centers without SD-OCT facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Better Operative Outcomes Software Tool (BOOST) Prospective Study: Improving the Quality of Cataract Surgery Outcomes in Low-Resource Settings","authors":"Myra B. McGuinness, Elise Moo, Beatrice Varga, Sarity Dodson, Van Charles Lansingh, Serge Resnikoff, Elena Schmidt, Thulasiraj Ravilla, Ganesh-Babu Balu Subburaman, Rohit C. Khanna, Varsha M. Rathi, Simon Arunga, Hans Limburg, Nathan Congdon","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2336518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2336518","url":null,"abstract":"Post-operative vision impairment is common among patients who have undergone cataract surgery in low-resource settings, impacting quality of clinical outcomes and patient experience. This prospecti...","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Types of Strabismus in Cerebral Palsy: A Global and Historical Perspective Based on a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Michael S. Herron, Lingchen Wang, Christopher S. von Bartheld","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2331537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2331537","url":null,"abstract":"Strabismus is more frequent in cerebral palsy (CP) than in the normal population, but reports differ how much it is increased. We here examined the global prevalence and types of strabismus in CP, ...","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}