Ophthalmic epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Vision Loss in South and Central Asia in 2020: Magnitude and Temporal Trends.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2374934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2374934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of vision loss for 2020 in South and Central Asia and analyze trends since 1990.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a systematic literature review, we estimated the prevalence of blindness, visual impairment (VI) and presbyopia-related VI in 1990,2000,2010, and 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 103 population-based studies. In South/Central Asia combined, age-standardized prevalence of blindness, moderate-to-severe VI (MSVI), moderate VI, severe VI, mild VI and presbyopia-related VI for all ages was 0.65% (95% uncertainty interval (UI):0.56/0.74), 5.06 (4.55/5.59), 4.40 (3.91/4.94), 0.65 (0.57/0.74), 3.21 (2.89/3.56), and 8.77 (6.37/11.48), respectively, with higher values for women than men. From 2000 to 2020, changes in age-standardized prevalence in South Asia were -36.85 (-36.94/-36.76), -7.01 (-7.13/-6.90), -5.86 (-5.99/-5.73), -13.96 (-14.09/-13.82), -9.55 (-9.66/-9.44), and -8.62 (-8.93/-8.31), respectively for men, and -38.50 (-38.59/-38.40), -10.12 (-10.22/-10.01), -9.23(-9.36/-9.10), -14.86 (-14.99/-14.73), -9.44 (-9.56/-9.33), and -7.78 (-8.09/-7.48), respectively for women. From 2000/2020, the changes in age-standardized prevalence figures in Central Asia were -21.44 (-21.58/-21.30), -2.75 (-2.87/-2.64), -2.17 (-2.30/-2.04), -7.12 (-7.26/-6.99), -5.36 (-5.48/-5.25), and -3.67(-4.02/-3.32), respectively for men, and -21.13 (-21.27/-20.99), -2.70 (-2.81/-2.58), -2.18 (-2.30/-2.05), -6.93 (-7.07/-6.80), -5.03 (-5.14/-4.91), and -2.65 (-3.00/-2.30), respectively, for women. In 2020, 11.94 million (9.98-14.07) and 0.30 million (0.24-0.36) individuals were blind, and 96.22 million (84.12-110.27) and 2.95 million (2.52-3.43) had MSVI in South Asia and Central Asia, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite a higher decrease between 2000 and 2020, the age-standardized prevalence of blindness and MSVI were higher in South Asia than in Central Asia in 2020. The number of people affected increased due to population growth and improved longevity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results from the Nationwide German KiGGS Study in Children and Adolescents Show that Myopia is Associated with Being an Only Child.","authors":"Eva-Maria Kollhoff, Luise Poustka, Thomas Meyer","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2434242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2434242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Several studies suggest that myopia is more frequently observed in first-born compared to later-born children. However, it is unknown whether the prevalence of myopia in alpha birth order differs between only-children and first-borns with siblings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this post-hoc study, we analyzed weighted data from the nationwide, representative German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) and assessed the relationship between birth order and the prevalence of refractive anomalies in study participants aged 11-17 years (<i>n</i> = 3,429).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that there was a significantly higher percentage of self-reported myopia in only-children as compared to first-borns with siblings (34.5% vs 28.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.001). A logistic regression model with myopia as dependent variable and only-child status as independent variable adjusted to age, sex, body-mass index, socioeconomic and migration status confirmed that only-child status was independently and positively associated with myopia (odds ratio = 1.396, 95%-confidence interval = 1.166-1.671, <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, no such relationship was found for hyperopia (<i>p</i> = 0.203).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Myopia, but not hyperopia, was significantly and positively related to only-child status, irrespective of confounders as age, sex, body-mass index, as well as socioeconomic and migration status. Further research is needed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss to Follow-Up in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Enrolled in the University of Colorado AMD Registry.","authors":"Arden J McReynolds, Jennifer L Patnaik, Emily A Auer, Anne M Lynch","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2428193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2428193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Five Camera Systems for Capturing and Grading Trachoma Images.","authors":"Fahd Naufal, Christopher J Brady, Beatriz Muñoz, Harran Mkocha, Sheila K West","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2174559","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2174559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As training of trachoma graders using live participants grows increasingly difficult and expensive, alternative ways are needed possibly through replacement of field grading with photography. However, minimum specifications for a camera system capable of capturing high quality images have not been defined. This study compared images captured using four smartphones with those from a Nikon SLR camera for image quality and assessment of trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The smartphones - Samsung Galaxy S8 (S8), Techno Camon 17 pro (TC), Infinix Note 10 pro (IN), Huawei p30 pro (HP) - were chosen for their availability and likelihood of good performance based on specifications without external attachments. All smartphones were used in random order for each participant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>129 children in Kongwa, Tanzania were enrolled (32.8% TF prevalence). The SLR camera had the least percent of ungradable images (3.1%), followed by the S8 (14%), HP (23.4%), IN (65.9%), and TC (71.2%). The S8 and the HP were significantly more likely to take ungradable images if they were used toward the end of the camera rotation. Agreement between the SLR and field grade was kappa = 0.73. Agreement between the field grade and gradable images from the S8 (0.68) and HP (0.8) was measured.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Published specifications did not predict the success of using different smartphones for everted eyelid photographs; proprietary post-processing software likely influenced gradeability. Smartphones, though we cannot recommend those tested in this study, may be viable for capturing images for trachoma provided the quality of images from the field are adequate.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"605-610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10701037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Trachomatous Trichiasis in People Aged 15 Years and Over in Six Evaluation Units of Gaoual, Labé, Dalaba and Beyla Districts, Guinea.","authors":"Midiaou M Bah, Fatoumata Sakho, André Goepogui, Luc C Nieba, Abdourahim Cisse, Paul Courtright, Anna J Harte, Clara Burgert-Brucker, Cristina Jimenez, Pierre L Lama, Michel Sagno, Ana Bakhtiari, Sarah Boyd, Anthony W Solomon, Michaela Kelly, Fiona James, Moise S D Tenkiano, Emma M Harding-Esch, Boubacar M Dicko","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2192269","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2192269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Trachoma is a public health problem in 42 countries. Inflammation associated with repeated ocular infection with <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> can cause the eyelid to scar and turn inwards, resulting in the eyelashes rubbing against the eyeball, known as trachomatous trichiasis (TT). In Guinea, baseline surveys conducted in 2013 reported inflammatory trachoma prevalences below the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold for elimination, but TT prevalences above threshold. Given this epidemiological context and time since baseline survey, TT-only surveys were conducted in selected districts to determine current TT prevalence. The results of this study provide critical data for assessing Guinea's achievement of trachoma elimination targets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four health districts, consisting of six evaluation units (EU), were surveyed. In each EU, field teams visited 29 clusters with a minimum 30 households included in each. Participants aged≥15 years were examined by certified graders trained to identify TT and determine whether management had been offered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22,476 people were examined, with 48 TT cases across the six EUs identified. Five of six EUs had an age-and-gender adjusted TT-prevalence unknown to the health system less than 0.2%, whereas one EU, Beyla 2, had an adjusted TT prevalence of 0.24%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These TT-only surveys, along with findings from other trachoma interventions, suggest that Guinea is close to achieving elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. This study demonstrates the value of undertaking TT-only surveys in settings where baseline surveys indicated active trachoma prevalences below WHO elimination threshold, but TT prevalences above it.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"526-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10130248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between the Severity of Trachomatous Scarring and Trachomatous Trichiasis Severity in Surgical Patients in Tanzania.","authors":"Meraf A Wolle, Neha Misra, Fahd Naufal, Michael Saheb Kashaf, Beatriz E Munoz, Harran Mkocha, Nicodemus Funga, Sheila K West","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2238090","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2238090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the association between the severity of trachomatous conjunctival scarring (TS) of the upper eyelid conjunctiva and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) severity in TT surgical patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst adults with TT who were referred to surgical camps in Bahi District, Tanzania, for TT surgery. Participants underwent ocular examination. The presence and severity of TS was evaluated in photographs of the everted upper eyelid. TT severity was assessed at the time of the ocular exam based on the number of lashes touching the globe and/or evidence and extent of epilation. Ordinal logistic models were used to examine the association between the severity of TS and TT severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 627 eyes of 388 participants were included. Mean age was 65 years (ranging from 21-98), 81% were females, and 62% had bilateral TT. 93% of eyes with any TT had at least moderate TS; 62% of eyes had severe TS. An increase in TS severity was associated with an increase in the severity of TT. Using as a reference eyes with none to mild TS, in eyes with moderate TS the odds of increased severity of TT was 1.30 (95% CI 0.67-2.51), in eyes with severe TS the odds was 4.20 (95% CI 2.23-7.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In cases of trachomatous trichiasis presenting for surgery, the severity of TT was significantly associated with the severity of TS with almost all cases of TT having moderate or severe scarring.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"561-567"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10799962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9836905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal pannus, Herbert's pits and conjunctival inflammation in older children in Papua New Guinea.","authors":"Gillian M Cochrane, Magdelene Mangot, Wendy Houinei, Melinda Susapu, Anasaini Cama, Richard Le Mesurier, Sara Webster, Tessa Hillgrove, Jaki Barton, Robert Butcher, Emma M Harding-Esch, David Mabey, Ana Bakhtiari, Andreas Müller, Aya Yajima, Anthony W Solomon, John Kaldor, Samuel Peter Koim, Robert Ko, Jambi Garap","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2273507","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2273507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) in Papua New Guinea (PNG) suggests antibiotic mass drug administration (MDA) is needed to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem but the burden of trichiasis is low. As a result, WHO issued bespoke recommendations for the region. If ≥ 20% of 10-14-year-olds have both any conjunctival scarring (C1 or C2 or C3) and corneal pannus and/or Herbert's pits, MDA should be continued. Equally, if ≥ 5% of that group have both moderate/severe conjunctival scarring (C2 or C3) and corneal pannus and/or Herbert's pits, MDA should be continued.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 14 villages where > 20% of 1-9-year-olds had TF during baseline mapping undertaken 4 years and 1 month previously. Every child aged 10-14 years in those villages was eligible to be examined for clinical signs of corneal pannus, Herbert's pits and conjunctival scarring. A grading system that built on existing WHO grading systems was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,293 resident children, 1,181 (91%) were examined. Of 1,178 with complete examination data, only one (0.08%) individual had concurrent scarring and limbal signs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The WHO-predefined criteria for continuation of MDA were not met. Ongoing behavioural and environmental improvement aspects of the SAFE strategy may contribute to integrated NTD control. Surveillance methods should be strengthened to enable PNG health authorities to identify future changes in disease prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"518-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trachoma Impact Survey Results from 31 Woredas in Tigray Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Gemechis Teferi, Harnet Adane, Evini Cyrille, Aynalem Tefera, Solomon Gadisa, Adugna Amin, Mebratu Tsehaye, Yonas Mitku, Haftamu Assefa, Sharone Backers, Addisu Alemayehu, Belete Mengistu, Fikreab Kebede, Fentahun Tadesse, Nebiyu Negussu, Robert Butcher, Ana Bakhtiari, Rebecca Willis, Sarah Boyd, Cristina Jimenez, Michael Dejene, Anthony W Solomon, Meheret Deyassa, Mohammed Shafi, Tezera Kifle, Asfaw Tegen, Berihu Mesfin, Tsegay Berihu, Teklay Mariam, Hagos Godefay, Emma M Harding-Esch, Amanuel Kidane, Ephrem Fisseha","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2317823","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2317823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Baseline surveys were conducted in Tigray region, Ethiopia, in 2013. Since then, rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) have been delivered in-line with international guidance. The purpose of these surveys was to assess trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence following those treatments to enable the region to plan the next steps towards elimination of trachoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All surveys followed WHO recommendations for community-based cross-sectional survey design. Thirty-one woredas in six zones of Tigray region were surveyed. There were two survey series: all 31 woredas were surveyed in the first series, and 11 woredas were resurveyed in the second, due to having a TF prevalence between 5% and 9.9% in the first series.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the first series of 31 surveys, one woreda had an adjusted TF prevalence in 1-9-year-olds of <5.0%, 13 had a prevalence of 5.0-9.9% and 17 had a prevalence of 10.0-29.9%. In the second series of 11 surveys, the prevalence of TF was <5.0% in seven woredas and 5.0-9.9% in four woredas. The most recent adjusted prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in ≥15-year-olds was ≥.2% in 27 EUs. One-third of households visited had access to an improved drinking water source within a 30-minute return journey of their house, and 11% had an improved latrine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eight woredas met the criteria to stop MDA for 2 years before the re-survey. However, further rounds of MDA, additional efforts to improve water and sanitation access and ongoing strengthening of surgical services for TT are needed across Tigray.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":"31 6","pages":"597-604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gambia Trachomatous Trichiasis Surveys: Results from Five Evaluation Units Confirm Attainment of Trachoma Elimination Thresholds.","authors":"Sarjo Kanyi, Abba Hydara, Ansumana Sillah, Caleb Mpyet, Anna Harte, Ana Bakhtiari, Rebecca Willis, Cristina Jimenez, Agatha Aboe, Robin Bailey, Emma M Harding-Esch, Anthony W Solomon, Balla Musa Joof","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2213320","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2213320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trichiasis is present when in-turned eyelashes touch the eyeball. It may result in permanent vision loss. Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is caused by multiple rounds of inflammation associated with conjunctival Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Surveys have been designed to estimate the prevalence of TT in evaluation units (EUs) of trachoma-endemic countries in order to help develop appropriate programme-level plans. In this study, TT-only surveys were conducted in five EUs of The Gambia to determine whether further intensive programmatic action was required.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-stage cluster sampling was used to select 27 villages per EU and ~25 households per village. Graders assessed the TT status of individuals aged ≥15 years in each selected household, including the presence or absence of conjunctival scarring in those with TT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From February to March 2019, 11595 people aged ≥15 years were examined. A total of 34 cases of TT were identified. All five EUs had an age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of TT unknown to the health system <0.2%. Three of five EUs had a prevalence of 0.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using these and other previously collected data, in 2021, The Gambia was validated as having achieved national elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. Trachoma is still present in the population, but as its prevalence is low, it is unlikely that today's youth will experience the exposure to C. trachomatis required to precipitate TT. The Gambia demonstrates that with political will and consistent application of human and financial resources, trachoma can be eliminated as a public health problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"534-542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress Towards Elimination of Trachoma in Kenya 2017-2020.","authors":"D Ilako, S Mwatha, Barasa E Wanyama, M Gichangi, J Bore, R Butcher, A Bakhtiari, S Boyd, R Willis, A W Solomon, T Watitu, D Chelanga, P Nyakundi, E M Harding-Esch, S H Matendechero","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2280987","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2023.2280987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Trachoma is endemic in Kenya. Since baseline trachoma surveys in 2004, a concerted programme has been undertaken to reduce the prevalence of disease. Here, we report on trachoma prevalence surveys carried out between 2017 and 2020 after interventions were implemented in some areas for trachoma elimination purposes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 48 cross-sectional population-based trachoma prevalence surveys were conducted in 39 evaluation units (EUs; covering 45 subcounties) of Kenya between 2017 and 2020. Thirty EUs were surveyed once and nine EUs were surveyed twice over this period. Individuals ≥ 1 year old were assessed for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), trachomatous inflammation-intense (TI) and trichiasis. Data were collected on household access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 147,573 people were examined. At the end of 2020, in the 39 EUs surveyed, the prevalence of TF in 1-9-year-olds was ≥5% in 11 EUs and the prevalence of trichiasis unknown to the health system in individuals aged ≥15 years was ≥0.2% in 25 EUs. A small minority of households (median <50% for all indicators) had access to improved WASH facilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kenya has made excellent progress towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. However, there is more work to do. Between one and three rounds of antibiotic mass drug administration are required in 11 EUs. Sustained investment in surgical provision, continued TT case-finding, promotion of facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are required throughout the surveyed area.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"577-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}