Ophthalmic epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal Association Between Disc Hemorrhage and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Progression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Chelsea Qiu Lin Tan, Claire Jing-Wen Tan, Bee Choo Tai, Nicole Shu-Wen Chan, Wanxian Katherine Lun, Yih-Chung Tham, Victor Teck Chang Koh","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2568395","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2568395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Optic disc hemorrhages (DH) are one of the hallmark signs of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). However, due to the scarcity of longitudinal reports, the influence of baseline DH on the progression of POAG and its subtype, normal tension glaucoma (NTG), remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the association of baseline DH with progression of POAG and NTG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were searched from inception till July 1, 2025. POAG and NTG progressions were defined based on functional or structural changes. Following the PRISMA guidelines and a PROSPERO-registered protocol (CRD42021292572), two authors selected observational studies reporting glaucomatous progression in patients aged 18 years and above. We performed random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between baseline DH and progression of POAG and NTG. Additionally, we also performed a qualitative analysis for data on the location of DH and its association with visual field deterioration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 22 papers comprising seven prospective cohort studies and 15 retrospective cohort studies. Baseline DH was associated with the progression of POAG (OR = 4.51; 95% CI (confidence interval) = 3.24 to 6.26; I2 = 44.2%) and NTG (OR = 5.15; 95% CI = 3.72-7.14; I2 = 29%). DH were most commonly observed inferotemporally, with a topological association between the location of DH and the site of visual field deterioration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DH is an important predictor for POAG progression, particularly for NTG. The presence of baseline DH in POAG patients may warrant closer monitoring of retinal nerve fibre layer thinning and visual field loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"310-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difference Between Cycloplegic and Non-Cycloplegic Refraction and Its Association with Longitudinal Refractive Changes in Chinese Children.","authors":"Yifan Xu, Yuanyuan Hu, Jiaqing Zhang, Yijia Chen, Yifan Zhang, Lixia Luo, Xiaotong Han","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2500025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2500025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the difference between cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (DSE) as well as the association between baseline DSE and future refractive changes in Chinese children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children aged 2-8 years who underwent auto-refraction at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China, between 2009 and 2023. Cycloplegia was achieved with 1% atropine or 0.5% tropicamide. Participant demographics, cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic auto-refraction results and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), were extracted from the medical records. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with the distribution and stability of DSE. A paired t-test was used to assess the stability of DSE over 6 months. Mixed-effect models were used to assess the association between baseline DSE and subsequent refractive changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2909 children (mean age, 6.05 years; 45% girls) were included, with most children having a DSE between 0 and 1 D. Larger DSE was associated with younger age (β = -0.099; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and more hyperopic SE (β = 0.495; <i>p</i> < 0.05). A decline of DSE was observed after the age of 6. Stability analysis included 40 children (mean age, 5.63 years; 55% girls), with DSE showing stability over 6 months. Progression analysis of 752 children (mean age, 5.59 years; 46% girls) found no significant association between DSE and myopic shift.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Younger and more hyperopic children exhibited larger DSE, DSE was not an independent risk factor for myopic shift.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2581523","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2581523","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145471513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Characteristics of Corneal Transplantation in South Korea (2021-2023): A Three-Year Analysis of Domestic Survey and Eversight Eye Bank Data.","authors":"Kyoung Woo Kim, Yu Jeong Kim, Hyun Sun Jeon, Young Joon Choi, Dongwoo Lee, Collin M Ross, Hyung Keun Lee, Mee Kum Kim","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2610496","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2610496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate current trends in corneal transplantation in South Korea by integrating data from the Korean Ophthalmological Society (KOS) and Eversight Eye Bank, focusing on surgical preferences, donor demographics, and evolving practices between 2021 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective epidemiological study reviewed data from annual KOS surveys of government-registered transplantation centers and records from the Eversight Eye Bank. Surgical categories included penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), anterior lamellar keratoplasty (ALK), Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK), Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), and keratolimbal allograft (KLA). Variables collected included types of surgery, donor demographics, sources of donor corneas, time from death to corneal preservation, and endothelial cell density (ECD). For endothelial keratoplasty (EK), additional graft-specific parameters were collected, including graft diameter, thickness, preloading status, and loading materials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2636 corneal transplantations were identified. While PKP remained most commonly performed procedure (49.5% in 2023), the proportion of EK steadily increased. DMEK nearly doubled from 8.4% in 2021 to 15.2% in 2023. The proportion of imported donor tissue rose, reaching 74.5% by 2023. Donor age was significantly higher for DMEK (60.9 ± 6.0 years) than for PKP (48.0 ± 14.1 years) or DSAEK (50.7 ± 12.9 years). There was a clear trend toward greater use of preloaded grafts, smaller diameters, and novel loading techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Corneal transplantation in South Korea is shifting toward EK, especially DMEK, driven by limited domestic donations and changes in surgical preferences. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing local donation systems and maintaining robust data infrastructure to guide policy and clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"355-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Opinion on Myopia Tapering: Strategies for Managing Myopia Progression.","authors":"Yanxian Chen, Zhuoting Zhu, Yuri Yin-Moe Aung, Yuzhou Zhang, Yueye Wang, Jason Cs Yam, Mingguang He","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2612156","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2612156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A key unresolved challenge in global surge of myopia is how to taper or discontinue myopia control interventions while minimizing rebound of myopia progression. We aim to summarize current evidence and to propose clinically applicable guidelines for tapering these treatments to maintain stable myopia progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This commentary synthesizes data from clinical trials, longitudinal studies, and expert consensus documents on rebound effect following cessation or reduction of myopia control interventions. Evidence was qualitatively appraised with a focus on timing, magnitude, and risk factors for rebound, as well as practical tapering strategies reported in the literature or expert practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Available evidence indicates that the magnitude and likelihood of rebound vary by treatment modality, treatment duration, patient age, and baseline myopia. Rebound is most pronounced in younger children. Gradual tapering of dose or treatment frequency, continued monitoring of axial length and refractive error, and individualized decision-making based on age and progression rate appear to mitigate rebound risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rebound after discontinuation of myopia control treatment is a clinically important issue that may compromise long-term management. This commentary highlights that gradual tapering of treatment, accompanied by regular monitoring, is critical to maintaining long-term stability and minimizing the risk of progression to high myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"306-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy for Myopia Control in Myopic Anisometropia Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Yixian Yu, Nan Ma, Hong Jie","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2587605","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2587605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy for myopia control in children and adolescents with myopic anisometropia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2022 and October 2023, a total of 52 participants diagnosed with myopic anisometropia were enrolled in the study. The participants underwent RLRL therapy, administered via a device emitting red light at a wavelength of 650 nm. Each participant received the treatment for a duration of one year and underwent examinations at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months. The follow-up period concluded by October 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More myopic eye refers to the eye with a higher (more negative) spherical equivalent (SE) value as measured by refractive examination, the contralateral eye is the less myopic eye. Cycloplegic spherical equivalence refraction (SER) of more myopia eyes changed from -4.47 ± 2.37D to -4.40 ± 2.37D (<i>p</i> = 0.005). However, SER of less myopic eyes between baseline and 12-month showed no significant difference (-2.59 ± 2.15D versus -2.50 ± 2.14D, <i>p</i> = 0.061). Axial length (AL) of more myopic eyes decreased more (25.42 ± 1.29 mm versus 25.17 ± 1.21 mm, <i>p</i> < 0.001), while less myopic eyes shortened from 24.62 ± 1.13 mm to 24.45 ± 1.08 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In more myopic eyes, the change of AL showed relationship to initial AL (<i>p</i> = 0.046) and SER status (<i>p</i> = 0.023). No other correlation was found among sex, age, and change of AL or SER.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RLRL therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for addressing myopia anisometropia. Notably, eyes with greater degrees of myopia exhibit more pronounced benefits, including AL shortening and reversal of SER progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"283-291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146150169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Disparities in Cataract-Related Visual Impairment at Initial Presentation: A Sight Outcomes Research Collaborative (SOURCE) Repository Analysis.","authors":"Muhammad Jehanzeb Khan, Sidra Zafar, Muhammad Ali, Sabit Ahmed, Joshua D Stein, Fasika A Woreta","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2588401","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2588401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the impact of social determinants of health (SDoH) and clinical factors on visual impairment (VI) at initial presentation to academic centers in cataract patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multi-institutional cross-sectional study. We identified patients aged ≥40 years with cataract diagnosis using ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes from the Sight Outcomes Research Collaborative (SOURCE) Ophthalmology Data Repository. Best-recorded vision (BRV) at initial presentation, demographics, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), cigarette smoking status, and Distressed Community Index (DCI) were recorded. BRV in the better eye was used to categorize VI as none/mild (BRV ≥20/40), moderate (20/40 < BRV < 20/200), and severe (BRV ≤ 20/200). Logistic regression models were used to assess the impact of clinical and sociodemographic factors on moderate and severe VI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 137,847 patients with a mean (SD) age of 67.4 (9.1), 58.6% (<i>N</i> = 77,425) were White, 22.5% (<i>N</i> = 29,725) were Black, and 8.8% (<i>N</i> = 11,562) were Hispanic/Latino. Adjusted logistic regression revealed Black patients (OR: 1.16; CI: 1.11-1.22), Native American patients (OR: 1.45; CI: 1.18-1.78), non-English speaking patients (OR: 1.79; CI: 1.69-1.91), and current smokers (OR: 1.29; CI: 1.22-1.37) had higher odds of severe VI. Higher DCI quintiles (more economically distressed) were associated with severe VI compared with the 1st (Prosperous) quintile: 2nd (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.16-1.27), 3rd (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.38-1.52), 4th (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.47-1.64), and 5th (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.29-1.44) quintiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is one of the largest studies examining the impact of DCI on cataract related VI, highlighting the need for interventions to improve access to healthcare and prevent VI in these communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"332-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Intake and Myopia: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008.","authors":"Zhuang Hao, Mengqi Jiang, Jiyuan Ma, Tong Wu, Yan Liu, Jian Zhou","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2548001","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2548001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the relationship between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake and myopia in a large population-based sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study. Data from the population under 40 years of age were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2001 and 2008. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between SSB intake and myopia, with further exploration through propensity score matching (PSM). The generalized variance inflation factor (GVIF) was calculated to check for multicollinearity. Subgroup analyses examined the relationship between SSBs intake and myopia across demographic groups, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis evaluated potential non-linear associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 11,851 participants under 40 years of age, 3,769 had myopia. The average consumption of SSBs showed no significant difference after PSM (emmetropia group: 623.83 ± 17.99 grams/d; myopia group:605.35 ± 20.01 grams/d; <i>p</i> = 0.43). Multivariable logistics regression analysis showed SSBs intake was not associated with the risk of myopia before and after PSM, and multicollinearity was unlikely among all covariates. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant interactions between SSBs intake and covariates in their relationship with myopia. RCS analyses revealed no significant nonlinear associations between SSBs intake and the risk of myopia after PSM (P for non-linear = 0.2434).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides initial evidence that SSBs consumption may not be a risk factor for myopia in a large-scale population. Future longitudinal and experimental studies may shed more light on the relationship between dietary factors and myopia, informing public health recommendations and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"298-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Epidemiology and Treatment Patterns of Acute Postoperative and Endogenous Endophthalmitis in South Korea.","authors":"Woojin Kim, Chan Mi Park, Dong Hyun Kim, Youngsub Eom, Jong Suk Song","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2621409","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2621409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare epidemiologic trends, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns of acute postoperative endophthalmitis (APE) and endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) in a nationwide cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used Korean National Health Insurance Service claims data from 2013 to 2022. Patients with confirmed endophthalmitis treated by intravitreal injection (IVI) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were included. A total of 7625 patients with APE and 649 with EE were analyzed. APE required recent intraocular surgery; EE required systemic infection and exclusion of corneal ulcer - associated endophthalmitis. Outcomes included yearly trends, patient profiles, treatment type (IVI, PPV, or combined), and outpatient care within one year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 16,009 patients with endophthalmitis, 7625 (47.6%) had APE and 649 (4.1%) had EE. APE cases increased until 2020-peaking during a fungal outbreak from contaminated viscoelastic material - then declined. The proportion of IVI-related APE rose from 13.1% in 2013 to 26.2% in 2022. EE cases remained stable. EE patients were younger (mean age, 62.6 vs. 67.6 years) and had greater comorbidity (mean Charlson Comorbidity Index, 1.30 vs. 0.98). IVI-only was most common in both groups, whereas combined IVI with PPV was more frequent in EE. Outpatient care was less common in EE (57.6% vs. 83.4%) yet lasted longer (median 269 vs. 67 days) with more IVIs (mean 3.48 vs. 2.62 injections).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>APE was more prevalent and increasingly IVI-associated. EE, though less common, involved greater systemic morbidity and longer treatment duration. Findings underscore the need for infection control in IVI and multidisciplinary EE care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"343-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Management of Post-Cataract Surgery Patients Between Ophthalmologists and Optometrists: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Wan Ting Loke, Samantha Min Er Yew, Zhi Wei Lim, Blanche Xiaohong Lim, Charmaine Chai, Victor Teck Chang Koh, David Ziyou Chen, Yih-Chung Tham","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2587607","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2587607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>With the growing aging population, cataract surgeries are becoming increasingly common, placing significant pressure on hospital eye services to manage postoperative care. Co-management between ophthalmologists and optometrists offers a potential solution to enhance efficiency and care quality. This study evaluates the feasibility and safety of co-management models between ophthalmologists and optometrists for post-cataract surgery patients in different countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and bibliographies, up to November 26, 2024. Search terms included \"shared care scheme\" and \"post-operative cataract surgery\". Papers involving optometrists in post-cataract surgery monitoring and reporting related management outcomes were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ten selected studies, conducted in the United States of America (USA), England, Scotland, Ireland, and the Netherlands, showed that post-cataract co-management is feasible and safe. The results demonstrated uncompromised patient safety, positive patient satisfaction outcomes, and optometrist competency. Successful implementation was dependent on clear referrals and workflow guidelines, rigorous optometrists training, strong ophthalmologists and optometrists collaboration, and regular patients feedback. However, study heterogeneity and limited geographic scope hindered comparability and generalisability of the findings to other countries with different healthcare systems and optometric training levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Co-management of post-cataract surgery patients between ophthalmologists and optometrists has demonstrated feasibility and patient safety in some countries. However, tailoring the guidelines and adapting models to each country's specific demands and capabilities is essential for a successful implementation. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of such models in different countries and healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"320-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}