Ophthalmic epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Outdoor Time Could Regulate the Effects of Green Environment on Myopia in Chinese Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Jingjing Wang, Ruilan Li, Jun Chen, Jinliuxing Yang, Linlin Du, Yuchen Du, Bo Zhang, Huijing Shi, Xiangui He, Ling Wang","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2475207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2475207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the relationship between myopia and green space, and the mediation effects of outdoor time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used large-scale, cross-sectional observational data from Shanghai, China. Participants were aged 3~20 years and underwent visual acuity and non-cycloplegic refraction in 2021. Using GIS-based data on environments surrounding participants' schools and kindergartens, we examined the association between green space (measured by NDVI) and myopia. We employed a logistic mixed-effects model to assess the impact of school-level green environments on individual myopia, reporting odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals. Mediation analysis was conducted to explore whether outdoor activity time mediates the relationship between green environments and myopia. Additionally, we conducted age- and gender-stratified analyses and validated the robustness of the model through sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete case sample sizes were 1,727,709 from 3,399 schools and kindergartens [899,817 (52.082%) boys; mean age 10.065 years (SD: 3.633)]. NDVI within 1000 m of schools was independently associated with lower odds of myopia (OR: 0.299, 95% CI: 0.249 ~ 0.357, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with 2.7% of the total effects attributed to the mediation effects of outdoor time. The effect sizes for NDVI were comparatively more protective in boys and those aged 7~12 years (OR: 0.223, 95% CI:0.156 ~ 0.319, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis with a 500-meter NDVI radius and alternative outcome variable of wearing glasses confirmed consistency with the previous results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates a significant impact of green environments on myopia in children and adolescents aged 3~20 years, revealing the potential mediating effect of outdoor activities. Policymakers should consider implementing intervention measures to enhance green spaces in schools to promote eye-health-friendly environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population-Based Assessment of Prevalence, Causes, and Risk Factors of Unilateral Vision Impairment in the Elderly Population in Telangana, India.","authors":"Srinivas Marmamula, Surbhi Aggarwal, Vinitha Mingi, Vijay Kumar Yelagondula","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2474648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2474648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the prevalence, causes, and risk factors for unilateral visual impairment (UVI) among the elderly population (≥60 years) in Telangana, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in four districts of Telangana. Trained teams conducted eye examinations. Distance visual acuity (VA) was assessed using a Snellen chart with a tumbling E optotypes at 6 m. Anterior eye examination and non-mydriatic fundus imaging were performed for all participants. UVI was defined as presenting VA worse than 6/18 in one eye and VA better than or equal to 6/18 in the other eye. Multivariable analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with UVI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,447 participants aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis, 1,285 (52.5%) were women, and 1,786 (73%) had no formal education. In total, 525 (21.5%) participants were from Adilabad, 602 (24.6%) from Mahbubnagar, 610 (24.9%) from Khammam, and 710 (29%) from Warangal districts. The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 66.6 (±6.3) years. The prevalence of UVI was 34.9% (95% CI: 33.0-36.9; <i>n</i> = 856). Cataract (48.5%; <i>n</i> = 415) was the leading cause of UVI, followed by uncorrected refractive error (33.1%; <i>n</i> = 284). The multivariate analysis showed higher odds of UVI in the older age group and among those residing in the Khammam and Warangal districts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over a third of the elderly population in Telangana had UVI. Eight out of 10 cases of UVI could be addressed by providing spectacles and cataract surgery at primary and secondary levels of eye care, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Incidence of Treatment-Requiring Retinopathy of Prematurity in Greece: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Asimina Mataftsi, Stella Moutzouri, Alexandros Charonis, Aikaterini K Seliniotaki, Anna-Bettina Haidich, Nikolaos Ziakas","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2463069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2463069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the incidence of treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Greece at a national level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter prospective cohort study of infants that required treatment for ROP at any unit in Greece between June 1^st, 2020, and May 31^st, 2021. Twelve out of the 13 invited centers contributed their data. Collected parameters included infants' demographics, ROP examination findings prior to treatment, and treatment characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall incidence of treatment-requiring ROP (TR-ROP) was 3.8%, given the fact that 1133 live births of infants with GA <32 weeks and/or BW < 1501 g were reported during the study period. Median (range) gestational age and birth weight of treated infants were 26.9 (23.4-33.0) weeks and 850 (500-2370) g, respectively, and 55.8% were male. The most prevalent ROP severity among treated infants was type 1 ROP (70 eyes), followed by type 2 ROP (8 eyes) and aggressive ROP (6 eyes). Laser photocoagulation (69.8%) was the predominant treatment modality used vs intravitreal anti-VEGF injections (30.2%). The median postnatal age at initial treatment was 9.6 weeks (range 5.6-21.7). Re-treatment rate was 30.2% and was higher among infants treated with anti-VEGF (69.2%) vs laser (13.3%). Treatment failure was reported in one case (progression to stage 4B in one eye and stage 5 in the other), whereas ROP regressed in all other patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to report TR-ROP incidence in Greece, treated infants' characteristics at a national level, preferred practice patterns, failure rate and recurrence rate at 6 months from initial treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting Paradigms in Glaucoma Management: A Retrospective Analysis from 2013 to 2023.","authors":"Ye Lin Kwan, Qilian Sheng, Yanan Sun, Yue Ying, Ruyi Zhai, Xiangmei Kong","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2474652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2474652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study analyzes trends in glaucoma surgical management at the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University over a 10-year period (2013-2023), focusing on the evolution of surgical practices and the adoption of new techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted using medical records of patients diagnosed with glaucoma who underwent surgery between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2023. Data were analyzed using the Cochrane-Armitage trend test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13,092 glaucoma surgeries were performed, increasing from 736 in 2013 to 2,451 in 2023. Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) accounted for 71.00% (9247/13092) of cases. Patients were predominantly aged 40-64 (43.56%) and 65+ (41.12%), with 56.60% female and 43.40% male. Internal filtration surgeries dropped between 2013-2015 but rose from 2.95% (26/880) in 2015 to 7.87% (193/2451) in 2023. External filtration surgeries declined from 82.47% (607/736) to 26.56% (651/2451). Phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis (Phaco+GSL) increased from 7.61% (56/736) to 65.36% (1602/2451), while cyclodestruction procedures remained stable (0.54% to 0.20%). In congenital glaucoma (CG), ab interno trabeculotomy rose to 52.74% (77/146) by 2023. External filtration for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) decreased from 98.54% (135/137) to 74.82% (312/417), while Phaco+GSL for PACG increased from 11.43% (56/490) to 84.36% (1591/1886). Among glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs), Ahmed Glaucoma Valve usage declined from 94.25% (246/261) to 61.66% (193/313), while the Ex-Press device was phased out, and XEN Gel Stent (MIGS) usage rose to 38.34% (120/313).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Glaucoma surgical management at the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University has evolved significantly over the past decade, with a notable shift towards minimally invasive procedures and personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Motor Vehicle Accident-Associated Eye Injuries Presenting to United States Emergency Departments, 2000-2020.","authors":"Julia S Gillette, Kenan Zaidat, Olivia V Waldman, Paul B Greenberg","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2473719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the epidemiology of motor vehicle accident (MVA) related eye injuries presenting to the United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) from 2000 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) gathers information from 66 participating US EDs for nonfatal injuries. We queried NEISS-AIP for MVA-related eye injuries from 2000 to 2020, and collected data on diagnosis, mechanism of injury, and patient demographics. Non-ocular injuries were collected from 2018 to 2020. We extrapolated national estimates using the NEISS-AIP weighting system. Rates/10,000 people and 10,000 licensed drivers were calculated using annual US Census and US Department of Transportation data. Case review and analysis was conducted in January 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2000 to 2020, an estimated 224,231 (95% confidence interval [CI] 215,247-233,217) MVA-associated eye injuries presented to US EDs. The rate of injuries declined during this period (0.34/10,000 people - 0.27/10,000 people). Males accounted for 62.8% of injuries; most patients were White (47.7%, rate of 5.6/10,000 people), or Black/African American (17.8%, rate of 10/10,000 people). The highest rate of injury per population occurred in American Indian/Alaska Natives (11.3/10,000 people). The highest rates of ED visits were for ages 20-24 years (30,030 cases, CI: [26,791-33,269], rate of 13.5/10,000 people). The leading ocular diagnoses were contusions/abrasions (59.3%). Most patients were treated and discharged (93.9%). Between 2018 and 2020, the leading systemic injury was contusions/abrasions (26%) to the face (estimated 4026, CI: [2942-5110]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rates for MVA-related eye injuries decreased from 2000 to 2020. Vulnerable populations including adolescents and American Indian/Alaska Natives remain at increased risk for MVA-related eye injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Peripheral Refraction and Relative Peripheral Refraction with Astigmatism in Shanghai Schoolchildren's Myopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Huiyu Chen, Meng Chen, Junjie Zhang, Jun Chen, Yan Xu","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2459755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2459755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Currently, no relevant studies have reported a relationship between astigmatism and peripheral refraction (PR). We aimed to describe the association between PR and relative peripheral refraction (RPR) with astigmatism in Chinese children with mild to moderate myopia, and to provide new insights into the influence of astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-hundred-and-seven children (6-14 years old) from Shanghai were included in this study. The PR and RPR were measured using multispectral refraction topography (MRT). Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor (KR-8900, Topcon), whereas axial length and ocular biological parameters were measured using Zeiss IOLMaster 700. Only data from the right eye were analyzed. Multivariate linear regression was used to explore the relationship between cylinder power and MRT parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the median spherical equivalent was -1.50 D (interquartile range, IQR: -2.25, -0.88), showing an apparent trend of hyperopic defocus from the macula to the peripheral retina. Astigmatism was correlated with PR rather than RPR especially at eccentrically inferior and within a 45° radius of the retina (coefficients 0.12-0.18, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the effect of astigmatism on PR tended to increase with greater lens thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Astigmatism may be a risk factor for myopia due to its impact on peripheral refraction as opposed to relative peripheral refraction. In this cross-sectional study, we also found evidence supporting the association between peripheral hyperopia and myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Retinal Vascular Anomalies in the German Population: Results from the Gutenberg Health Study.","authors":"Anna M Voigt, Karl Neubert, Stella Hoh, Ahmad Haj Ibrahim, Philipp S Wild, Karl J Lackner, Felix S Wicke, Irene Schmidtmann, Thomas Münzel, Oliver Tüscher, Jörn M Schattenberg, Stavros V Konstantinides, Norbert Pfeiffer, Alexander K Schuster","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2442365","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2442365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the prevalence of retinal vascular anomalies in the general population in Germany and to analyse potential associations with ocular and systemic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Gutenberg Health Study is a population-based cohort study, including 15,010 participants aged 35-74 years. We performed fundus photographs of the macula and the optic disc. Vascular anomalies of the retina were graded. The prevalence was computed. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis including generalized estimating equations to assess associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 12,956 participants (mean age 55.0 ± 11.1 years; 49.8% female). Retinal arterial tortuosity (RAT) was present in 5.9% in at least one eye and in 3.7% in both eyes. Systolic (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.0039) and diastolic (OR = 0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.0039) arterial blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels (OR = 1.0, <i>p</i> = 0.036), and spherical equivalent (OR = 1.06, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) were associated with RAT. Birth weight (OR = 0.97, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and age (OR = 0.85, <i>p</i> = 0.0004) were inversely associated, while high-density lipoproteins (HDL), body mass index, and smoking were not associated with RAT. Temporal cilioretinal arteries (CRA) were prevalent in at least one eye in 40.2% and in 9.2% in both eyes. Spherical equivalent was associated with the prevalence of CRA (OR = 1.03 per dpt, p = 0.0006). Branch-building CRA had a prevalence of 0.5% in at least one eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study describes prevalence of retinal vascular anomalies for the first time in a German population. CRA were positively associated with spherical equivalent and thus might be protective for myopia. RAT was associated with cardiovascular risk factors and with lower birth weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Care and Stakeholders' Perceptions of PEC Implementation in Singapore: A Mixed-Methods Study Protocol.","authors":"Wanfen Yip, Michelle Jessica Pereira, Joseph Antonio De Castro Molina, Woan Shin Tan, Kiok Liang Teow, Vivien Yip Cherng Hui, Vernon Yong Khet Yau, Hon Tym Wong, Tock Han Lim, Bee Hoon Heng","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473714","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Primary eye care (PEC) model aims to facilitate right-siting of care for patients with stable and non-complex conditions by upskilling optometrists. However, there is 1) a lack of examination on PEC's quality of care (measured as degree of agreement in plan of care between upskilled optometrists and ophthalmologists) and 2) no comprehensive real-world evaluation on operational viability and stakeholders' perception of the community-based PEC model. Holistic evaluation is important as in-depth understanding of stakeholders' experience in implementation will be key to ensure the long-term sustainability and scalability of this PEC model. This study aims to examine the quality of care provided at PEC as well as the contextual factors, strategies, and processes that influence implementation, sustainability, and scalability of PEC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study will adopt a mixed-method sequential explanatory design, guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model framework. First, the quality of care will be assessed by examining the degree of agreement between PEC optometrists and ophthalmologists on patients' plan of care. Second, qualitative research design will be employed to understand the experiences of patients and healthcare professionals. In-depth interviews will be conducted with patients and focused group discussions will be conducted with healthcare professionals. Integration of quantitative and qualitative data will be achieved by employing the building and merging approach.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will identify areas that could be improved to increase PEC's operational efficiency and enhance its service utilisation. Importantly, key lessons and strategies derived from these evaluations will help to facilitate future nationwide implementation of PEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on the Off-Label Use of Atropine in the Treatment of Myopia in Italy.","authors":"Luca Buzzonetti, Pierluigi Navarra","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2457615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2457615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Globe Injuries in the United States: Analysis of National Trauma Data.","authors":"Joseph Nygaard, Collin Hoggard, Aliya Centner, Sarina Amin, Kyle Den Beste","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2473721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Open Globe Injuries are one of the leading causes of preventable, trauma-related blindness. There is some literature studying the effects of demographic factors as they relate to hospital outcomes. This study characterises trends of Open Globe Injury (OGI) and hospital outcomes based on demographic information utilising the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Python programming software, the NTDB was queried for International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision diagnosis codes related to OGI based on the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system. Descriptive statistics were calculated utilising chi-square tests, multivariable adjusted logistic regressions, and ANOVA to process adjusted odds ratio (OR) and means of comparison groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 21,481 patients. Mean age of OGI was lower for Black (40.01 [40.53-41.49]), American Indian (39.08 [37.15-41.00]), and Hispanic (38.24 [37.70-38.77]) populations. OR for Black patients was lower for work-related OGI (0.36 [0.30-0.44]), but higher for drug-positive OGI (1.51 [1.35-1.69]). Black and American Indian patients had increased odds for assault-related injuries and decreased odds for accident-related injuries. Race and ethnicity had little to no effect on mortality, or discharge to home with service, ICU, or step-down unit. Mean age of fall on the same level injuries was (71.28 [70.49-72.07]); all other mechanisms of injury had a mean age < 42.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research offers a unique perspective on OGI utilising the NTDB. The trends identify at-risk populations not previously reported and suggests potential racial effects of public safety, work safety and precautions for open globe injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}