Ophthalmic epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the Readability, Quality, and Visual Accessibility of Patient Education Websites for Laser Refractive Surgery.","authors":"David Mothy, Aneesh P Reddy, Charlene W Cai, Hassaam S Choudhry, Mohammad H Dastjerdi","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2500014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2500014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the usability of patient education websites for refractive surgery through an analysis of readability, accountability, subjective quality, and visual accessibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>50 patient education websites for five refractive surgery modalities were gathered from an incognito Google search and categorized by authorship category: institutional, medical organization, or private practice. Each website was assessed for readability, accountability using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark, subjective quality using the DISCERN instrument, and visual accessibility was assessed using the Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool (WAVE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean reading grade across all websites was 11.02, exceeding the American Medical Association's recommended 6th-grade level (<i>p</i> < .001). Institutional websites were the most readable (10.32, <i>p</i> = 0.005) while private practice sites were the least (11.74, <i>p</i> = 0.015). The average JAMA score was 1.52 with no website meeting all four accountability criteria. Websites from medical organizations had significantly higher JAMA scores (1.94, <i>p</i> = 0.049). The average DISCERN score was 51.97 with no differences between authorship categories. Websites had an average of 87.84 visual accessibility violations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Available patient education websites for refractive surgery may suffer from poor readability, quality, and visual accessibility which may limit their usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Cost-Effectiveness of Fixed and Mobile Primary Eye Health Services.","authors":"Brad Wong, Heidy Linares, Ana Velasquez Marroquin, Bryce Everett, Juan Francisco Yee, Heidi Chase","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2488892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2488892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is limited cost-effectiveness evidence of primary eye health strategies in low-and-middle-income countries, despite their importance for addressing vision loss. This study examines fixed and mobile primary eye health services in Guatemala to identify which delivers greatest cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using financial records of a large eye health provider, we conduct a retrospective micro-costing and economic modelling analysis of five primary eye health approaches. We report total costs, case finding cost-effectiveness, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for each strategy from a provider perspective over the period 2019-2021. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis is conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Permanent facilities require $71.7 and $116.8 (2023 USD) to diagnose a case of refractive error and cataract respectively, and convert the patient to treatment. Case finding costs per treatment initiated for mobile approaches range from $7.7 to $21.6 per case of refractive error, and $13.3-$14.9 per case of cataract. Health outpost screening has an ICER of $245 per DALY averted (95% CI: 160-362). The ICER of community screening is $233 per DALY averted (95% CI: 134-316). The remaining strategies are dominated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mobile approaches are substantially more cost-effective at case finding, due to the increased utilization of resources made possible by a mobile operating model. When considering both case finding and downstream treatment costs, community and health outpost screening dominate other strategies. The results point to the need for careful analysis of costs and outcomes along the entire continuum-of-care to appropriately inform planners of primary eye health networks in low-and-middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Vision Problems Among School-Entering Children and Association with Socio-Demographic Characteristics: An Iranian Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mehran Alijanzadeh, Mark D Griffiths, Mojgan Abbasi, Elham Kakavand, Ameneh Khaleghi, Syedeh Maryam Mirfakhar, Fahimeh Karimi, Baharh Amini, Azar Zolfali, Roghayeh Vaydar, Hanieh Moradi, Ozra Allahverdilo, Elahe Jafari, Zainab Alimoradi","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2484757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2484757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Early detection of visual disorders in children and related factors is important to minimize future problems in academic performance and social life. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of vision problems among school-entering children, and their association with socio-demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Qazvin province between June and November 2023. The research participants were school-entering children and their parents recruited using random quota multi-stage sampling. Data were collected by interviewing parents including demographic characteristics, children's vision status, family history of vision problems, and daily hours of using the internet and/or playing videogames by children. Data were analyzed using multivariate multi-nominal logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5141 parents of school-entering children participated. The prevalence of wearing glasses and suspected visual impairment was 2.2% and 6.7%, respectively. The odds of using eyeglasses among boys was 38% lower than among girls (<i>p</i> = 0.014). The odds of using eyeglasses was 3.5 times higher if there was a history of vision disorders in other children in the family (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 90% more likely if there was a history of vision disorders among the parents (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The odds of using eyeglasses increased 5% with each unit increase in children's BMI. The odds of suspected vision problems increased by 39% and 3% with each year of age of the child and their mother (<i>p</i> = 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.034 respectively). The odds of suspected visual problems was 90% higher among urban vs. rural children (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 58% higher if there was a history of vision disorders among other children in the family (<i>p</i> = 0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study identified socio-demographic predictors of having vision disorder among school-entering children based on information provided by their parents. Although vision health screening is carried out as part of the health assessment program for children upon entering school in Iran, high-risk individuals should not to postpone their children's vision examinations until they enter school and should have eye examinations at a younger age.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Vision Loss in North Africa and Middle East in 2020: Magnitude and Temporal Trends.","authors":"Vision Loss Expert Group Of The Global Burden Of Disease Study, The Gbd Blindness And Vision Impairment Collaborators","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2457629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2457629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the current study was to update the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment (VI) in North Africa and the Middle East (NAME) region and to address the current status of its trends in 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We assessed the prevalence of blindness, moderate and severe VI (MSVI), severe VI, moderate VI, mild VI, and presbyopia in NAME region in 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In NAME region in 2020, the age-standardised prevalence per 1000, for all ages and sexes, was 0.70 (0.59-0.80) for blindness, 4.31 (3.91-4.72) for MSVI, 0.54 (0.47-0.60) for severe VI, 3.77 (3.38-4.18) for moderate VI, 2.68 (2.42-2.97) for mild VI, and 3.21 (2.29-4.35) for presbyopia. The all-ages and ≥50 year's age-standardised prevalence were higher in females than in males for all categories of vision impairment. In 2020, 3.09 (2.51-3.75) million people were blind, 21.83 (18.97-24.97) million had MSVI, 2.53 (2.11-3.03) million had severe VI, and 19.30 (16.57-22.27) million had moderate VI. Between 2000 and 2020, age-standardised prevalence of blindness and other categories of visual impairment decreased in all ages and among adults over than 50 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the absolute numbers of people with blindness and MSVI have increased between 1990 and 2020 in NAME region, the overall prevalence and the age standardized prevalence in those aged 50+ years have decreased significantly for the same period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversational Guide for Cataract Surgery Complications: A Comparative Study of Surgeons versus Large Language Model-Based Chatbot Generated Instructions for Patient Interaction.","authors":"Sathishkumar Sundaramoorthy, Vineet Ratra, Vijay Shankar, Ramesh Dorairajan, Quresh Maskati, T Nirmal Fredrick, Aashna Ratra, Dhanashree Ratra","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2484772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2484772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>It is difficult to explain the complications of surgery to patients. Care has to be taken to convey the facts clearly and objectively while expressing concern for their wellbeing. This study compared responses from surgeons with responses from a large language model (LLM)-based chatbot.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We presented 10 common scenarios of cataract surgery complications to seven senior surgeons and a chatbot. The responses were graded by two independent graders for comprehension, readability, and complexity of language using previously validated indices. The responses were analyzed for accuracy and completeness. Honesty and empathy were graded for both groups. Scores were averaged and tabulated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The readability scores for the surgeons (10.64) were significantly less complex than the chatbot (12.54) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The responses from the surgeons were shorter, whereas the chatbot tended to give more detailed answers. The average accuracy and completeness score of chatbot-generated conversations was 2.36 (0.55), which was similar to the surgeons' score of 2.58 (0.36) (<i>p</i> = 0.164). The responses from the chatbot were more generalized, lacking specific alternative measures. While empathy scores were higher for surgeons (1.81 vs. 1.20, <i>p</i> = 0.041), honesty scores showed no significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LLM-based chatbot gave a detailed description of the complication but was less specific about the alternative measures. The surgeons had a more in-depth understanding of the situation. The chatbot showed complete honesty but scored less for empathy. With more training using complex real-world scenarios and specialized ophthalmologic data, the chatbots could be used to assist the surgeons in counselling patients for postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Productivity in Ophthalmology and Its Correlation to National Economic Indicators Among the OECD Countries: A Bibliometric Analysis.","authors":"Olga Reitblat, Tsahi T Lerman, Judith Dadon, Rita Zlatkin, Irit Bahar, Ruti Sella","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2343728","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2343728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prompted by the clinical concern that limited healthcare resources allocation affects physicians' research productivity, this study examines the association between bibliometric indices of ophthalmologic research and national economic indicators in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Scimago Journal and Country rank source was searched for research productivity data in ophthalmology among OECD countries between 1996 and 2019. Bibliometric indices included: documents number, number and percent of citable documents, citations number, citations per document, and H-index. The updated economic indicators of each country (gross domestic product [GDP] per capita, health spending as percent of GDP (health expenditure), gross domestic expenditure on research, and development as percent of GDP [GERD]) were collected from the World Bank and the OECD websites. Correlation between economic and bibliometric metrics and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 267,444 documents analyzed, correlation analysis found a strong correlation between health expenditure and H index (<i>r</i> = 0.711, <i>p</i> < 0.001); a moderate correlation between health expenditure and documents number (<i>r</i> = 0.589, <i>p</i> < 0.001), number of citable document (<i>r</i> = 0.593, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and citations number (<i>r</i> = 0.673, <i>p</i> < 0.001); and a moderate correlation between GERD and H index (<i>r</i> = 0.564, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis controlling for economic factors, population and language showed the independent association of these parameters with bibliometric indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates a positive correlation between bibliometric indicators of ophthalmology research and economic factors, particularly health expenditure, among the OECD countries. Our results suggest an advantage of domestic investment in health to expand academic productivity in the field of ophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"236-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Near Work, Physical Activities and Myopia in Korean Adults During COVID-19 Outbreak.","authors":"Minhyoung Han, Jiwon Jeong, Chulhwan Yoon, Youngwoo Kim, Jeongmin Kim, Seungseok Lee, Seonguk Kim, Doyeon Kim, Mi Ah Han","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2354700","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2354700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between near work hours and myopia in Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Associations between near work time, physical activity, and myopia were assessed using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of myopia was 60.2% in adults aged 19-59 years. The prevalence of myopia was 46.2% for individuals who used smart devices for less than one hour per day, while it was 68.0% for those who used smart devices for more than four hours. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) for myopia was significantly higher among individuals using smart devices for 3 hours (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.08-2.23) or more than 4 hours (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.27-2.42), compared to users with less than 1 hour of usage. Regarding sitting time, the OR for myopia was significantly higher in individuals who sat for more than 12 hours (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.05-2.61) compared to those who sat less than 4 hours.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that near work and sitting times were positively associated with myopia. Given the high prevalence of myopia and its implications for serious eye diseases, it is essential to implement measures to manage myopia. Considering the increased near work hours resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to adopt supplementary measures, such as ensuring sufficient rest time for the eyes and adjusting the brightness of lights, to improve eye health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Carotid Artery Stenosis and the Development of Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Long-term Cohort Study in Taiwan.","authors":"Wen-Yun Lin, Jin-Jhe Wang, Chauyin-Yin Chen, Chia-Yen Liu, Meng-Hung Lin, Yao-Hsu Yang, Chien-Hsiung Lai","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2371467","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2371467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purposes: </strong>To determine the relationship between carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and the development of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in the Taiwanese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Chang Gung Research Database. Cox-proportional hazards model was applied to calculate the hazard ratio for OAG between CAS and the control cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 19,590 CAS patients, 17,238 had mild CAS (<50%), 1,895 had moderate CAS (50-69%), and 457 had severe CAS (≥70%). The CAS cohort had a higher proportion of several comorbidities. After adjusting for comorbidities, no significant difference in OAG development was found between CAS and control cohorts. Matching for key comorbidities, no significant differences in OAG incidence were found between matched cohorts (P = .869). Subdividing the matched CAS cohort by stenosis severity: mild (<50%), moderate (50-69%), and severe (≥70%), a statistically significantly lower OAG risk was observed in patients with mild CAS stenosis (HR: 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03-1.21, <i>P </i>= .006). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed reduced OAG incidence in CAS patients who underwent surgical intervention, compared to the control cohort (<i>P</i> <.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that patients in the mild CAS stenosis group, those who underwent surgical intervention exhibited a reduced OAG risk (HR: 0.29, 95% CI = 0.15-0.58, <i>P </i>= .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No statistically significant differences in OAG risk were observed between patients with CAS and the control cohort. The severity of CAS appears to influence OAG risk, with surgical intervention potentially offering protective effects, particularly in patients with mild CAS stenosis (<50%), suggesting that enhanced ocular perfusion post-surgery may act as a protective factor against OAG development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and Psychosocial Challenges as Predictors of Vision Difficulty in Children: A Nationally Representative Survey Analysis.","authors":"Andrew Mihalache, Ryan S Huang, Nikhil S Patil, Marko M Popovic, Miguel Cruz-Pimentel, Ashwin Mallipatna, Peter J Kertes, Rajeev H Muni, Radha P Kohly","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2354704","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2354704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To elicit associations between vision difficulties and physical or psychosocial challenges in children in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 2-17 years old from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey with data pertaining to vision difficulty were included in our retrospective, population-based analysis. Our primary aim was investigating physical and psychosocial challenges as predictors of vision difficulty. Logistic regression models were performed on Stata version 17.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas). Analyses were accompanied by an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7,373 children had data pertaining to their level of vision difficulty and were included in our sample. In our multivariable analysis, children with a good/fair (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = [1.31, 2.60], <i>p</i> < 0.01), or poor (OR = 5.08, 95% CI = [1.61, 16.04], <i>p</i> < 0.01) general health status had higher odds of vision difficulty relative to children with an excellent/very good health status. Furthermore, children with difficulties hearing (OR = 8.67, 95% CI = [5.25, 14.31], <i>p</i> < 0.01), communicating (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = [1.18, 3.25], <i>p</i> < 0.01), learning (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = [1.27, 2.93], <i>p</i> < 0.01), and making friends (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = [1.12, 3.36], <i>p</i> = 0.02) had higher odds of vision difficulty. Nonetheless, the following factors were only predictors of vision difficulty in our univariable analysis: requiring equipment for mobility (<i>p</i> < 0.01), experiencing anxiety (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and experiencing depression (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several factors pertaining to physical and psychosocial challenges in children are associated with vision difficulty. Future research should further explore potential causal links between vision difficulty and physical or psychosocial factors to aid in coordinating public health efforts dedicated to vision health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race/Ethnicity Analysis of Vascular Alterations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Abu Tahir Taha, Yi Stephanie Zhang, Isabel J B Thompson, Aunoy Poddar, Jeremy D Keenan, Jay M Stewart","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2348050","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2348050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Racial and ethnic minorities have a higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and present at advanced stages of disease. In an urban hospital population, we investigated microvascular differences in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between racial/ethnic groups while adjusting for socioeconomic status (SES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3 × 3 mm² macular OCTA scans were obtained for analysis of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter as well as superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel density (VD), vessel length density (VLD), and adjusted flow index (AFI). SES was measured using the Area Deprivation Index. Multivariable regression models were used to adjust estimates for relevant confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>217 non-diabetic and 1,809 diabetic patients were included in the study, consisting of 42.2% Hispanic, 24.9% non-Hispanic (NH) Asian, 6.8% NH Black, 9.7% NH White and 16.3% Other patients. NH White was used as the reference group. Hispanic, NH Asian, and NH Black patients had significantly greater FAZ areas and FAZ perimeters, and lower DCP VD and VLD, among both non-diabetic and diabetic patients (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P-values <0.05). The addition of SES scores in the models did not modify any regressions significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with and without diabetes, racial and ethnic minorities have significant retinal microvasculature differences when compared to NH White patients, regardless of SES. These differences are pronounced in DCP and may predispose racial/ethnic minorities to worse outcomes in DR, thus widening disparities in ophthalmic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"153-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}