The Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Cataract Surgery in the Nationwide All of Us Cohort.

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Ophthalmic epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI:10.1080/09286586.2025.2500017

Karen S Fernandez, Rohith Ravindranath, Sophia Y Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Cataracts are a leading cause of blindness treatable with surgery. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the association between cataract surgery and race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, healthcare access, and other factors related to social determinants of health.

Methods: A total of 37,204 participants with at least one cataract diagnosis were included in this study from the All of Us Research Program using electronic health records and self-reported surveys. Kaplan-Meier and Cox models assessed risk factors for cataract surgery, while summary statistics showed surgery rates by age, race, and gender. The primary outcome was cataract surgery, identified by Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes.

Results: Of the included participants, 19.8% (N = 7,363) underwent cataract surgery. The overall cataract surgery rate for this cohort was 30.6 per 1000 person-years and was significantly higher for persons who were 70-79 years old (58.5 per 100 persons-years), male (31.8 per 1000 person-years), or Hispanic (39.0 per 100 person-years). Non-Hispanic Black participants had the lowest cataract surgery rate (24.4 per 1000 person-years). Cox models demonstrated an increased hazard of undergoing cataract surgery among Hispanic participants (adjusted HR 1.31; 95% CI [1.21, 1.42]) compared to non-Hispanic White participants. A decreased hazard for undergoing cataract surgery was observed for non-Hispanic Black participants (adjusted HR 0.88, 95% CI [0.81,0.95]) compared to non-Hispanic White participants.

Conclusions: Age, race/ethnicity, and sex were significantly associated with time from cataract diagnosis to first cataract surgery. These findings highlight barriers and disparities in cataract surgery, emphasizing the need for interventions to promote health equity.

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种族和民族对全国所有人群白内障手术的影响。

目的：白内障是失明的主要原因，可通过手术治疗。本回顾性研究的目的是调查白内障手术与种族/民族、社会经济地位、医疗保健可及性和其他与健康社会决定因素相关的因素之间的关系。方法：共有37,204名至少有一次白内障诊断的参与者被纳入本研究，研究采用电子健康记录和自我报告调查。Kaplan-Meier和Cox模型评估了白内障手术的危险因素，而汇总统计显示了年龄、种族和性别的手术率。主要结果是白内障手术，由现行程序术语（CPT）代码确定。结果：在纳入的参与者中，19.8% （N = 7363）接受了白内障手术。该队列的总体白内障手术率为30.6 / 1000人-年，70-79岁人群（58.5 / 100人-年）、男性（31.8 / 1000人-年）或西班牙裔（39.0 / 100人-年）的白内障手术率明显更高。非西班牙裔黑人参与者的白内障手术率最低（每1000人年24.4例）。Cox模型显示西班牙裔参与者接受白内障手术的风险增加(调整后的HR为1.31；95% CI[1.21, 1.42])与非西班牙裔白人受试者相比。与非西班牙裔白人受试者相比，非西班牙裔黑人受试者接受白内障手术的风险降低（调整后HR为0.88,95% CI[0.81,0.95]）。结论：年龄、种族/民族和性别与白内障诊断到首次白内障手术的时间显著相关。这些发现突出了白内障手术中的障碍和差异，强调了采取干预措施促进健康公平的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ophthalmic epidemiology 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Ophthalmic Epidemiology is dedicated to the publication of original research into eye and vision health in the fields of epidemiology, public health and the prevention of blindness. Ophthalmic Epidemiology publishes editorials, original research reports, systematic reviews and meta-analysis articles, brief communications and letters to the editor on all subjects related to ophthalmic epidemiology. A broad range of topics is suitable, such as: evaluating the risk of ocular diseases, general and specific study designs, screening program implementation and evaluation, eye health care access, delivery and outcomes, therapeutic efficacy or effectiveness, disease prognosis and quality of life, cost-benefit analysis, biostatistical theory and risk factor analysis. We are looking to expand our engagement with reports of international interest, including those regarding problems affecting developing countries, although reports from all over the world potentially are suitable. Clinical case reports, small case series (not enough for a cohort analysis) articles and animal research reports are not appropriate for this journal.