Open Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of fruit by-products for valorization: A review.","authors":"Zenebe Tadesse Tsegay, Slim Smaoui, Theodoros Varzakas","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1105","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The abundant and renewable resources from fruit by-products are getting emphasis on their valorization. These by-products may contain toxic substances due to factors such as cultivation, harvesting, transportation, preservation, or processing. Hence, presenting scientific overviews of the toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of these by-products are critical for implicating their possible valorization. The present demand for valorization of fruit by-products requires emphasis and methodologies for the detoxification of any toxicants to develop healthier products. This review emphasized the toxicological qualities of by-products from fruits for which the maximum global production occurred in 2022. In this review, heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, nickel, lead, and mercury), mycotoxins, toxicant organic compounds, anti-nutritional factors, and pesticide/fungicide residues of the selected fruit byproducts were discussed. Current trends to reduce possible toxicants of these by-products during their valorization were emphasized. Novel functional foods valorized from these fruit by-products and future perspectives of detoxification were also focused on in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor with extensive rhabdoid differentiation: A case report.","authors":"Rumeng Yang, Liwei Liu","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1104","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT) is a rare uterine mesenchymal tumor, which is classified as a tumor with uncertain malignant potential. In this case report, we reported a 52-year-old woman who was diagnosed with UTROSCT through pathological examination of uterine intramural nodules. We reported the diagnosis and treatment process, aiming to provide new evidence and insights for the diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation analysis between semen routine parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index in patients with semen non-liquefaction: A retrospective study.","authors":"Fengqing Ji, Junying Chen, Liyun Lin","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-1020","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2022-1020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research investigated the correlation between routine semen parameters and the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in infertile males with non-liquefying semen, aiming to provide insights for infertility management. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 152 infertile males at our Andrology Department from March 2023 to March 2024, assessing differences in semen parameters and DFI based on liquefaction times and identifying influential factors on DFI. Participants were divided into two groups based on their semen liquefaction times: less than 60 min (111 patients) and 60 min or more (41 patients). The group with normal liquefaction times demonstrated significantly better forward and total sperm motility, and lower sperm morphology indices and DFI values. A positive correlation was found between DFI and liquefaction time, while a negative correlation was observed with motility and normal sperm ratio. Specifically, each additional minute of liquefaction time increased DFI by 0.13, and a 1% decrease in normal sperm ratio increased DFI by 0.73. The findings indicate that delayed semen liquefaction correlates with poorer sperm motility and morphology and higher DFI, underscoring the importance of comprehensive semen assessment in evaluating male fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20221020"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic analysis of a novel ST11(PR34365) <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> strain isolated from the human fecal of a CDI patient in Guizhou, China.","authors":"Ying Yang, Luhong Shu, Ping Ling, Junyi Yang, Ruirui Shao, Yumei Cheng, Shanshan Luo, Xinglang Wei, Zhizhong Guan, Zhenghong Chen, Jian Liao, Xiaolan Qi, Guzhen Cui, Wei Hong","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1067","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> is a pathogen that causes pseudomembranous colitis with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The epidemiology and molecular evolution of <i>C. difficile</i> may differ among different geographic regions, and mining its genomic information can help to understand the epidemiology and molecular evolution of <i>C. difficile</i> and focus on its transmission mode. A <i>C. difficile</i> strain denoted WXL8 was isolated from a human fecal sample from a patient in the intensive care unit, and its physiology and genomic sequence were determined. The total genome size of WXL8 was 4,119,929 bp, and the GC content was 27.97%. The multilocus sequence typing results indicated that WXL8 is strain type 11 (ST11), a genotype widely present in livestock. The WXL8 was located in clade 5 of ST11. The ribotype of WXL8 was a novel ribotype (PR34365). It is the first report of the ST11 (PR34365) strain. Comparative genomic analysis between WXL8 and the other four high-virulence strains (CD630, CDBR81, CDS-0253, and CDR20291) showed differences in gene arrangement, indicating the uniqueness of <i>C. difficile</i> WXL8. In the present study, a novel ribotype (PR34365) ST11 strain of <i>C. difficile</i> was isolated from a patient with diarrhea in Guizhou, China. Our findings suggest that zoonotic CDI should receive more clinical attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251067"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liupao tea aqueous extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota.","authors":"Shengjin Ming, Jinxi Ou, Ying Huang, Zhongqing Tang, Yuechao Qin, Hongxi Ma, Siling Gan, Zhongxia Li","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1106","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liupao tea is known for its anti-inflammatory antioxidant and regulation of gut microecological balance properties. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of Liupao tea aqueous extract (LPTAE) on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: the Normal group, the DSS group, the LPTL group, the LPTM group, and the LPTH group. Throughout the experiment, the rats' activity levels, stool consistency, and body weights were observed and recorded daily. After the experiment, colon length was measured, and colon tissues were collected for pathological analysis. Additionally, the colon contents were analyzed for gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level, while serum samples were collected to determine inflammatory and oxidative factors. The results indicated that treatment with low, medium, and high doses of LPTAE significantly inhibited weight loss, alleviated rectal bleeding, and reduced colon shortening compared to the DSS group. It also decreased the disease activity index and histopathological activity index scores in the rats. Furthermore, LPTAE reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1<i>β</i>, IL-6, TNF-<i>α</i>, and malondialdehyde, while simultaneously increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase and SCFAs, including acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid. 16S rDNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiota revealed that all doses of LPTAE reversed the decrease in both <i>α</i> and <i>β</i> diversities caused by UC, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as <i>Lactobacillus</i>, Muribaculaceae, <i>Alloprevotella</i>, and <i>Blautia</i>, and decreased the levels of harmful bacteria such as <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Romboutsia</i>, and <i>Bacteroides</i>. In summary, within the tested doses (100, 150, 250 mg/kg), LPTAE alleviated DSS-induced colitis by modulating the gut microbiota and correcting the metabolic imbalance of SCFAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in flower frost tolerance among seven apple cultivars and transcriptome response patterns in two contrastingly frost-tolerant selected cultivars.","authors":"Je-Chang Lee, Mewuleddeg Zebro, Haet-Nim Jeong, Jae-Yun Heo","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1107","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated frost tolerance in flowers of seven major apple cultivars grown in Korea to develop frost-resistant varieties for sustainable apple production under climate change. Flowers at full bloom were exposed to simulated frost conditions at -2°C, and frost damage was assessed using the total flower frost damage rate and King flower frost damage rate. Over 3 years, \"Arisoo\" consistently exhibited strong frost tolerance, whereas 'Fuji' was frost-sensitive. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant differences in gene expression both within cultivars under different treatments and between cultivars under identical conditions. A higher number of differentially expressed genes were upregulated under frost stress in both cultivars, indicating key regulatory mechanisms involved in frost adaptation. Functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway analysis identified plant hormone signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and starch and sucrose metabolism can contribute to frost tolerance. Our findings offer critical insights into the genetic and molecular mechanisms of frost tolerance, contributing to the development of resilient apple varieties and sustainable production systems under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with colorectal cancer before and after acupoint catgut embedding acupuncture observation.","authors":"Caide Yang, Jinlian Bao, Dengke Li","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-1060","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2022-1060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to explore changes in peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients before and after acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) acupuncture observation. Eighty CRC surgical patients who visited from April 2017 to May 2022 were selected as study samples using the convenience sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into a control group (<i>n</i> = 40, receiving conventional chemotherapy) and an observation group (<i>n</i> = 40, receiving 4 weeks of additional ACE acupuncture). The observation group showed higher rates of complete and partial remission compared to the control, though the difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The observation group experienced less reduction in CD³⁺, CD⁴⁺ T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells during chemotherapy. Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD³⁺ and CD⁴⁺ T cells in the observation group significantly increased after the intervention, while CD⁸⁺ T-cell levels decreased. The CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺ ratio was at a higher level, and the discrepancy was statistically obvious (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Acupuncture therapy can maintain the normal distribution of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subpopulations during chemotherapy in patients with CRC, thus better maintaining the immune status of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20221060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating the tumor microenvironment: The role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving lung cancer treatment.","authors":"Geling Teng, Min Zhang, Yuling Pan, Sajad Karampoor, Rasoul Mirzaei","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1100","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The holistic approach of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been increasingly being focused on as a potential adjuvant to conventional lung cancer therapies in an attempt at modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Covering a diverse range of herbal medicine, acupuncture, and dietary therapy, TCM brings a unique perspective to influencing the TME. Importantly, the study has found the effects of specific TCM compounds, such as cantharidin, boehmenan, shikonin, and salidroside, on lung cancer in the TME. These compounds interact intricately with key apoptotic regulators, oxidative stress pathways, and inflammation-related mechanisms, suggesting their potential role in enhancing conventional therapies. TCM compounds could modulate a variety of cellular and molecular pathways, potentially inhibiting tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Besides, the practices of TCM alleviate the side effects of conventional treatments and enhance immune function, hence promoting the quality of life among lung cancer patients. In this regard, this review gives a contemporary account of the state of affairs on the part of TCM within the framework of the treatment of lung cancer with reference to its recent developments, and diverse roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of CRISPR/Cas gene editing for infectious disease control in poultry.","authors":"Mahdi Gallala","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1095","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The poultry industry faces multifaceted challenges, including escalating demand for poultry products, climate change impacting feed availability, emergence of novel avian pathogens, and antimicrobial resistance. Traditional disease control measures are costly and not always effective, prompting the need for complementary methods. Gene editing (GE, also called genome editing) technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas9, offer promising solutions. This article summarizes recent advancements in utilizing CRISPR/Cas GE to enhance infectious disease control in poultry. It begins with an overview of modern GE techniques, highlighting CRISPR/Cas9's advantages over other methods. The potential applications of CRISPR/Cas in poultry infectious disease prevention and control are explored, including the engineering of innovative vaccines, the generation of disease-resilient birds, and <i>in vivo</i> pathogen targeting. Additionally, insights are provided regarding regulatory frameworks and future perspectives in this rapidly evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251095"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of tiered cardiac rehabilitation on CRP, TNF-α, and physical endurance in older adults with coronary heart disease.","authors":"Cong Luo, Lan Li, Lan Hou, Fengjiao Shi","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-1040","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2022-1040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a highly prevalent disease in the elderly population, with atherosclerosis as its pathology, which can also be viewed as a chronic inflammatory response of the organism. Regular moderate-intensity exercise can direct the immune response toward an anti-inflammatory state, which is beneficial for improving the health and exercise tolerance. In cardiac rehabilitation, attention to the management of inflammatory factors as well as the improvement of exercise endurance is beneficial for the rehabilitation of elderly patients with coronary artery disease. This study investigates the impact of tiered cardiac rehabilitation programs on levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the capacity for physical exertion in older CHD patients. From March 2020 to April 2022, 94 elderly patients with CHD visiting our institution were recruited and randomly allocated into either a control group or an observation group, each comprising 47 participants. The standard care group participated in traditional rehabilitation exercises, whereas the experimental group received customized, tiered, cardiac rehabilitation interventions. We assessed the variations in CRP and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, along with exercise capacity, before and after treatment in both groups. The result shows that significant reductions in CRP and TNF-α levels were seen in the experimental group after 4 and 12 weeks, compared to the standard care group. Analysis showed clear trends in CRP and TNF-α changes over the interventions, with the experimental group showing better results. CRP levels decreased consistently, while TNF-α levels stayed stable. The experimental group also showed improvements in physical endurance measures compared to the control group. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen (Fib) in the observation group decreased compared with the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.01). After 12 weeks of treatment, CRP and TNF-α showed significant negative correlation with exercise endurance index - 6 min walking test (6 MWT), anaerobic threshold (AT), maximum oxygen consumption (VO_2max), and exercise duration (ED); significant positive correlation between cardiac rehabilitation grade and exercise endurance index (6 MWT, AT, VO_2max and ED); and both groups experienced cardiovascular adverse events and exercise muscle injury. The analysis shows that the graded nursing of cardiac rehabilitation can effectively reduce the levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and Fib in elderly patients with CHD and significantly improve the exercise endurance of patients with good safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20221040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}