Open Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Hypomethylation in promoters of PGC-1α involved in exercise-driven skeletal muscular alterations in old age","authors":"Qiaowei Li, Qin Liu, Zhong Lin, Wenwen Lin, Feng Huang, Pengli Zhu","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0959","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise training can significantly improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and has been proven to be highly relevant to alterations in skeletal muscle DNA methylation. However, it remains unclear whether late-in-life exercise has an effect on promoter methylation of PGC-1α, a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we employed two distinct exercise modalities, constant medium intensity exercise training (CMIT) and high-intensity interval exercise training (HIIT), to investigate their impacts on PGC-1α expression and methylation regulation in skeletal muscle of aged mice. The results revealed a notable decrease in PGC-1α expression in skeletal muscle of aged mice, accompanied by elevated methylation levels of the PGC-1α promoter, and increased DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) protein expressions. However, both forms of exercise training significantly corrected PGC-1α epigenetic changes, increased PGC-1α expression, and ameliorated skeletal muscle reduction. Furthermore, exercise training led to elevated expression of proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in skeletal muscle, improving mitochondrial structure and function. In conclusion, late-in-life exercise improved skeletal muscle function, morphology, and mitochondria biogenesis, which may be associated with hypomethylation in promoters of PGC-1α and increased content of skeletal muscle PGC-1α. Notably, there was no clear difference between HIIT and CMIT in PGC-1α expression and skeletal muscle function.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAK-242 alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy via inhibiting pyroptosis and TLR4/CaMKII/NLRP3 pathway","authors":"Xiaolong Zhao, Jing Zhang, Feng Xu, Longqi Shang, Qingquan Liu, Chunjian Shen","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0957","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is identified as a progressive disease that may lead to irreparable heart failure. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of DCM. This study intended to explore the potential impact of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DCM <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Streptozotocin and HG medium were utilized to induce diabetes in animal and cell models, respectively. Selective TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 were employed to explore the involvement of TLR4/CaMKII in DCM. TLR4 expression was increased in DCM hearts, while inhibition of TLR4 activation by TAK-242 improved cardiac function, attenuated heart hypertrophy, and fibrosis, as well as reduced oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine levels in rats, which were confirmed by Doppler echocardiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson Trichome staining and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Besides, the expression of hypertrophy-related molecules and oxidative stress damage were also inhibited by TAK-242. Furthermore, TAK-242 treatment reduced CaMKII phosphorylation accompanied by decreased expression of NOD-like pyrin domain-containing protein 3, gasdermin D (GSDMD), The N-terminal domain of Gasdermin D (GSDMD-N), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) and Caspase-1 both <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vitro.</jats:italic> Similar positive impacts on HG-induced pyroptosis were also observed with KN-93 treatment, and this was achieved without affecting TLR4 expression. Collectively, our work suggested that TAK-242 demonstrated substantial benefits against DCM both <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>, potentially attributed to the suppression of the TLR4-mediated CaMKII/NLRP3 pathway activity.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-linear associations between cardiovascular metabolic indices and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study in the US population (2017–2020)","authors":"Meimei Xu, Sibo Han, Qiaomei Wu, Shihong Ma, Huiying Cai, Mengqi Xue, Fengling Liu, Xiaozhen Xiao, Xiaoshuang Chen, MeiZhen Lin","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0947","url":null,"abstract":"The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is an emerging and effective indicator for predicting the presence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aims to investigate the relationship between CMI and MAFLD using data from NHANES 2017–2020. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 3,749 subjects were included. The study conducted a thorough analysis of CMI with three multivariate logistic regression models, subgroup analyses, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized. Using multifactorial logistic regression as the primary method of analysis, we found that a higher CMI was also significantly associated with an increased risk of MAFLD (OR = 1.45, 95% CI (1.05–2.01)). This result was further visualized by the RCS curve: There was a non-linear positive correlation between CMI and MAFLD incidence (the turning point is CMI = 0.4554). These findings were strongly reinforced by subsequent subgroup and sensitivity analyses. There is a robust positive relationship between the CMI and the risk of MAFLD, providing valuable clinical benefits for early detection and screening of MAFLD. It is important to highlight the presence of a non-linear association between CMI and MAFLD, with an inflection point identified at CMI = 0.4554.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of dendritic cells and related pathways in autoimmune uveitis","authors":"Fan Zhao, Jing-Sheng Yu","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0887","url":null,"abstract":"Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in bridging innate and adaptive immune responses. They are widely distributed in various tissues and organs, including the eyes. In the ocular context, permanent DCs are present at the peripheral edge of the retina and the peripapillary area in an immature state. However, during the inflammatory process, DCs become activated and contribute to the development of uveitis. This review focuses on introducing the characteristics and status of DC-induced uveitis, exploring factors that can influence the status of DCs, and discussing feasible methods for treating DCs in both experimental autoimmune uveitis animal models and humans. It emphasizes the importance of further research on molecular pathways and signaling pathways that regulate the function of DCs. For example, investigating molecules such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, which inhibits the B7-CD28 co-stimulatory interaction, can help improve immune homeostasis. The aim is to identify new therapeutic targets and develop targeted strategies for DCs, such as DC vaccine therapy or the use of immune modulators. These approaches can be tailored to the immune characteristics and disease manifestations of individual patients, enabling personalized treatment strategies. This may include the personalized design and precise medication of DC therapy, with the ultimate goal of improving treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse reactions.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEI/MMNs@LNA-542 nanoparticles alleviate ICU-acquired weakness through targeted autophagy inhibition and mitochondrial protection","authors":"Yun Wang, Yi Xu, Tun Zhao, Ya-Jun Ma, Wei Qin, Wen-Li Hu","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0952","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is prevalent in critical care, with limited treatment options. Certain microRNAs, like miR-542, are highly expressed in ICU-AW patients. This study investigates the regulatory role and mechanisms of miR-542 in ICU-AW and explores the clinical potential of miR-542 inhibitors. ICU-AW models were established in C57BL/6 mice through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and in mouse C2C12 myoblasts through TNF-α treatment. <jats:italic>In vivo</jats:italic> experiments demonstrated decreased muscle strength, muscle fiber atrophy, widened intercellular spaces, and increased miR-542-3p/5p expression in ICU-AW mice model. <jats:italic>In vitro</jats:italic> experiments indicated suppressed ATG5, ATG7 and LC3II/I, elevated MDA and ROS levels, decreased SOD levels, and reduced MMP in the model group. Similar to animal experiments, the expression of miR-542-3p/5p was upregulated. Gel electrophoresis explored the binding of polyethyleneimine/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PEI/MMNs) to locked nucleic acid (LNA) miR-542 inhibitor (LNA-542). PEI/MMNs@LNA-542 with positive charge (3.03 ± 0.363 mV) and narrow size (206.94 ± 6.19 nm) were characterized. Immunofluorescence indicated significant internalization with no apparent cytotoxicity. Biological activity, examined through intraperitoneal injection, showed that PEI/MMNs@LNA-542 alleviated muscle strength decline, restored fiber damage, and recovered mitochondrial injury in mice. In conclusion, PEI/MMNs nanoparticles effectively delivered LNA-542, targeting ATG5 to inhibit autophagy and alleviate mitochondrial damage, thereby improving ICU-AW.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"168 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laryngeal non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Report of four cases and review of the literature","authors":"Xin Tang, Dingting Wang, Huajun Feng, Gang Qin","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0937","url":null,"abstract":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) limited to the larynx is very rare. The authors present the clinical diagnosis and treatment of four patients with laryngeal NHL. Case 1 was diagnosed with glottic, subglottic, and tracheal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery. Case 2 was diagnosed with laryngeal MALT lymphoma and underwent radiotherapy. Case 3 was diagnosed with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Case 4 had MALT lymphoma in the glottic area with a malignant thyroid tumor, and was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery. More reports and research on this disease are needed.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the hepatoprotective properties of citronellol: In vitro and in silico studies on ethanol-induced damage in HepG2 cells","authors":"Muhammad Nasir Hayat Malik, Iqra Abid, Sana Ismail, Irfan Anjum, Halima Qadir, Tahir Maqbool, Komal Najam, Samir Ibenmoussa, Mohammed Bourhia, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Gezahign Fentahun Wondmie","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0950","url":null,"abstract":"Citronellol (CT) is a monoterpene alcohol present in the essential oil of plants of the genus <jats:italic>Cymbopogon</jats:italic> and exhibits diverse pharmacological activities. The aim of the current study was to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of CT against ethanol-induced toxicity in HepG2 cell lines. Silymarin (SIL) was used as a standard drug. MTT, crystal violet assay, DAPI, and PI staining were carried out to assess the effect of ethanol and CT on cell viability. RT-PCR determined the molecular mechanisms of hepatoprotective action of CT. CT ameliorated cell viability and restricted ethanol-induced cell death. DAPI and PI staining showed distinct differences in cell number and morphology. Less cell viability was observed in the diseased group obviously from strong PI staining when compared to the CT- and SIL-treated group. Moreover, CT showed downregulation of interleukin (IL-6), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), collagen type 1 A 1 (COL1A1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and glutathione peroxidase-7 (GPX-7) levels. Molecular docking studies supported the biochemical findings. It is concluded that the cytoprotective activity of CT against ethanol-induced toxicity might be explained by its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and collagen-regulating effects.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"320 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of rapamycin in the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in mitophagy in podocytes","authors":"Shengyou Yu, Weixue Zhu, Li Yu","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0958","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to clarify the role of rapamycin in the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in mitophagy in podocytes and the role of voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) in the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in mouse glomerular podocytes. For this purpose, podocytes were cultured with rapamycin and observed using microscopy. The apoptosis rate of podocytes was detected by flow cytometry. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. The autophagy-related proteins VDAC1, PINK1, Parkin, and LC3 were detected, and mitochondrial autophagosomes were observed via transmission electron microscopy. In the present study, we demonstrated that the number of podocytes treated with rapamycin was significantly reduced. Compared with those in the control group, the apoptosis rate of podocytes and the degree of mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization were significantly higher. We also found the expression levels of VDAC1, PINK1, Parkin, and LC3 were significantly increased. In the rapamycin-treated group, the numbers of swollen mitochondria and mitochondrial autophagosomes were significantly higher. Finally, we showed that rapamycin can upregulate the expression of VDAC1, PINK1, Parkin, and LC3 in glomerular podocytes, which is correlated with mitophagy. VDAC1 is involved in mitophagy and is related to the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway, serving as an indicator of mitophagy in podocytes.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the productivity and profitability of maize (Zea mays L.) using optimum blended inorganic fertilization","authors":"Berhanu Bilate Daemo, Getahun Bore Wolancho, Zeleke Ashango","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0948","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited information on the best NPSB rate for maize production. Thus, the study aimed to determine the optimal NPSB fertilizer dose for maximizing maize yield and profitability. The nine treatments that included 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 NPSB kg ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> were tested using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that increasing NPSB application significantly influenced maize plant height, ear height, hundred-seed weight, aboveground biomass yield, and grain yield. Specifically, the application of 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPSB consistently produced the tallest plants, highest ear heights, heaviest hundred-seed weights, and maximum aboveground biomass and grain yields across both sites. Economic analysis revealed that the 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPSB earned the highest net benefits and marginal rates of return, indicating its economic viability for smallholder farmers. Beyond 150 kg ha⁻¹, further increases in NPSB did not enhance yield or economic returns significantly. These findings underscore the importance of balanced fertilization for maximizing maize productivity and profitability while ensuring efficient resource use and environmental sustainability. Implementing optimized fertilizer practices with 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPSB can empower farmers in the study area and similar agroecological zones to achieve sustainable maize production and economic success.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical value of macrogenome next-generation sequencing on infections","authors":"Benfa Han, Xiaoli Zhang, Xiuxi Li, Mei Chen, Yanlin Ma, Yunxia Zhang, Song Huo","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-0938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0938","url":null,"abstract":"Intracranial infection (ICI) is a frequent and serious complication after neurosurgery. Macrogenome next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology can provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of ICI. This work aimed to explore the application value of mNGS technology in analyzing the clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and ICI after neurosurgery. A total of 60 patients with ICI were enrolled as the research objects, all patients underwent routine cerebrospinal fluid analysis and traditional pathogen detection, followed by mNGS genome analysis. Using clinical diagnosis of ICI as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for both detection methods were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess the area under the curve (AUC) for evaluating the clinical value of mNGS in suspected intracranial infectious pathogen diagnosis. Results showed a positivity rate of 71.67% (43 cases) with mNGS compared to 28.33% (17 cases) with traditional pathogen detection methods, demonstrating a significant difference (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The sensitivity of mNGS for detecting ICIs was 83.7%, significantly higher than the 34.88% observed with traditional methods (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The pathogen detection rate of mNGS was higher than traditional methods (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.002), with an AUC of 0.856 (95% CI: 0.638–0.967), significantly greater than the AUC of 0.572 (95% CI: 0.350–0.792) for traditional methods (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). mNGS successfully identified microorganisms such as <jats:italic>Cryptococcus</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Propionibacterium</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Corynebacterium</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Micrococcus</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Candida</jats:italic> associated with ICIs. These findings underscore the clinical applicability of mNGS technology in analyzing the characteristics of HIV infection and ICI post-neurosurgical procedures. This technology enables more accurate diagnosis and treatment of ICIs, providing valuable insights for developing effective therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}