Open Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Genomic analysis of a novel ST11(PR34365) <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> strain isolated from the human fecal of a CDI patient in Guizhou, China.","authors":"Ying Yang, Luhong Shu, Ping Ling, Junyi Yang, Ruirui Shao, Yumei Cheng, Shanshan Luo, Xinglang Wei, Zhizhong Guan, Zhenghong Chen, Jian Liao, Xiaolan Qi, Guzhen Cui, Wei Hong","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1067","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> is a pathogen that causes pseudomembranous colitis with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The epidemiology and molecular evolution of <i>C. difficile</i> may differ among different geographic regions, and mining its genomic information can help to understand the epidemiology and molecular evolution of <i>C. difficile</i> and focus on its transmission mode. A <i>C. difficile</i> strain denoted WXL8 was isolated from a human fecal sample from a patient in the intensive care unit, and its physiology and genomic sequence were determined. The total genome size of WXL8 was 4,119,929 bp, and the GC content was 27.97%. The multilocus sequence typing results indicated that WXL8 is strain type 11 (ST11), a genotype widely present in livestock. The WXL8 was located in clade 5 of ST11. The ribotype of WXL8 was a novel ribotype (PR34365). It is the first report of the ST11 (PR34365) strain. Comparative genomic analysis between WXL8 and the other four high-virulence strains (CD630, CDBR81, CDS-0253, and CDR20291) showed differences in gene arrangement, indicating the uniqueness of <i>C. difficile</i> WXL8. In the present study, a novel ribotype (PR34365) ST11 strain of <i>C. difficile</i> was isolated from a patient with diarrhea in Guizhou, China. Our findings suggest that zoonotic CDI should receive more clinical attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251067"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liupao tea aqueous extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota.","authors":"Shengjin Ming, Jinxi Ou, Ying Huang, Zhongqing Tang, Yuechao Qin, Hongxi Ma, Siling Gan, Zhongxia Li","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1106","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liupao tea is known for its anti-inflammatory antioxidant and regulation of gut microecological balance properties. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of Liupao tea aqueous extract (LPTAE) on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: the Normal group, the DSS group, the LPTL group, the LPTM group, and the LPTH group. Throughout the experiment, the rats' activity levels, stool consistency, and body weights were observed and recorded daily. After the experiment, colon length was measured, and colon tissues were collected for pathological analysis. Additionally, the colon contents were analyzed for gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level, while serum samples were collected to determine inflammatory and oxidative factors. The results indicated that treatment with low, medium, and high doses of LPTAE significantly inhibited weight loss, alleviated rectal bleeding, and reduced colon shortening compared to the DSS group. It also decreased the disease activity index and histopathological activity index scores in the rats. Furthermore, LPTAE reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1<i>β</i>, IL-6, TNF-<i>α</i>, and malondialdehyde, while simultaneously increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase and SCFAs, including acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid. 16S rDNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiota revealed that all doses of LPTAE reversed the decrease in both <i>α</i> and <i>β</i> diversities caused by UC, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as <i>Lactobacillus</i>, Muribaculaceae, <i>Alloprevotella</i>, and <i>Blautia</i>, and decreased the levels of harmful bacteria such as <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Romboutsia</i>, and <i>Bacteroides</i>. In summary, within the tested doses (100, 150, 250 mg/kg), LPTAE alleviated DSS-induced colitis by modulating the gut microbiota and correcting the metabolic imbalance of SCFAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in flower frost tolerance among seven apple cultivars and transcriptome response patterns in two contrastingly frost-tolerant selected cultivars.","authors":"Je-Chang Lee, Mewuleddeg Zebro, Haet-Nim Jeong, Jae-Yun Heo","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1107","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated frost tolerance in flowers of seven major apple cultivars grown in Korea to develop frost-resistant varieties for sustainable apple production under climate change. Flowers at full bloom were exposed to simulated frost conditions at -2°C, and frost damage was assessed using the total flower frost damage rate and King flower frost damage rate. Over 3 years, \"Arisoo\" consistently exhibited strong frost tolerance, whereas 'Fuji' was frost-sensitive. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant differences in gene expression both within cultivars under different treatments and between cultivars under identical conditions. A higher number of differentially expressed genes were upregulated under frost stress in both cultivars, indicating key regulatory mechanisms involved in frost adaptation. Functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway analysis identified plant hormone signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and starch and sucrose metabolism can contribute to frost tolerance. Our findings offer critical insights into the genetic and molecular mechanisms of frost tolerance, contributing to the development of resilient apple varieties and sustainable production systems under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with colorectal cancer before and after acupoint catgut embedding acupuncture observation.","authors":"Caide Yang, Jinlian Bao, Dengke Li","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-1060","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2022-1060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to explore changes in peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients before and after acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) acupuncture observation. Eighty CRC surgical patients who visited from April 2017 to May 2022 were selected as study samples using the convenience sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into a control group (<i>n</i> = 40, receiving conventional chemotherapy) and an observation group (<i>n</i> = 40, receiving 4 weeks of additional ACE acupuncture). The observation group showed higher rates of complete and partial remission compared to the control, though the difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The observation group experienced less reduction in CD³⁺, CD⁴⁺ T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells during chemotherapy. Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD³⁺ and CD⁴⁺ T cells in the observation group significantly increased after the intervention, while CD⁸⁺ T-cell levels decreased. The CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺ ratio was at a higher level, and the discrepancy was statistically obvious (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Acupuncture therapy can maintain the normal distribution of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subpopulations during chemotherapy in patients with CRC, thus better maintaining the immune status of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20221060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating the tumor microenvironment: The role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving lung cancer treatment.","authors":"Geling Teng, Min Zhang, Yuling Pan, Sajad Karampoor, Rasoul Mirzaei","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1100","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The holistic approach of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been increasingly being focused on as a potential adjuvant to conventional lung cancer therapies in an attempt at modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Covering a diverse range of herbal medicine, acupuncture, and dietary therapy, TCM brings a unique perspective to influencing the TME. Importantly, the study has found the effects of specific TCM compounds, such as cantharidin, boehmenan, shikonin, and salidroside, on lung cancer in the TME. These compounds interact intricately with key apoptotic regulators, oxidative stress pathways, and inflammation-related mechanisms, suggesting their potential role in enhancing conventional therapies. TCM compounds could modulate a variety of cellular and molecular pathways, potentially inhibiting tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Besides, the practices of TCM alleviate the side effects of conventional treatments and enhance immune function, hence promoting the quality of life among lung cancer patients. In this regard, this review gives a contemporary account of the state of affairs on the part of TCM within the framework of the treatment of lung cancer with reference to its recent developments, and diverse roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of CRISPR/Cas gene editing for infectious disease control in poultry.","authors":"Mahdi Gallala","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1095","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The poultry industry faces multifaceted challenges, including escalating demand for poultry products, climate change impacting feed availability, emergence of novel avian pathogens, and antimicrobial resistance. Traditional disease control measures are costly and not always effective, prompting the need for complementary methods. Gene editing (GE, also called genome editing) technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas9, offer promising solutions. This article summarizes recent advancements in utilizing CRISPR/Cas GE to enhance infectious disease control in poultry. It begins with an overview of modern GE techniques, highlighting CRISPR/Cas9's advantages over other methods. The potential applications of CRISPR/Cas in poultry infectious disease prevention and control are explored, including the engineering of innovative vaccines, the generation of disease-resilient birds, and <i>in vivo</i> pathogen targeting. Additionally, insights are provided regarding regulatory frameworks and future perspectives in this rapidly evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251095"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of tiered cardiac rehabilitation on CRP, TNF-α, and physical endurance in older adults with coronary heart disease.","authors":"Cong Luo, Lan Li, Lan Hou, Fengjiao Shi","doi":"10.1515/biol-2022-1040","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2022-1040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a highly prevalent disease in the elderly population, with atherosclerosis as its pathology, which can also be viewed as a chronic inflammatory response of the organism. Regular moderate-intensity exercise can direct the immune response toward an anti-inflammatory state, which is beneficial for improving the health and exercise tolerance. In cardiac rehabilitation, attention to the management of inflammatory factors as well as the improvement of exercise endurance is beneficial for the rehabilitation of elderly patients with coronary artery disease. This study investigates the impact of tiered cardiac rehabilitation programs on levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the capacity for physical exertion in older CHD patients. From March 2020 to April 2022, 94 elderly patients with CHD visiting our institution were recruited and randomly allocated into either a control group or an observation group, each comprising 47 participants. The standard care group participated in traditional rehabilitation exercises, whereas the experimental group received customized, tiered, cardiac rehabilitation interventions. We assessed the variations in CRP and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, along with exercise capacity, before and after treatment in both groups. The result shows that significant reductions in CRP and TNF-α levels were seen in the experimental group after 4 and 12 weeks, compared to the standard care group. Analysis showed clear trends in CRP and TNF-α changes over the interventions, with the experimental group showing better results. CRP levels decreased consistently, while TNF-α levels stayed stable. The experimental group also showed improvements in physical endurance measures compared to the control group. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen (Fib) in the observation group decreased compared with the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.01). After 12 weeks of treatment, CRP and TNF-α showed significant negative correlation with exercise endurance index - 6 min walking test (6 MWT), anaerobic threshold (AT), maximum oxygen consumption (VO_2max), and exercise duration (ED); significant positive correlation between cardiac rehabilitation grade and exercise endurance index (6 MWT, AT, VO_2max and ED); and both groups experienced cardiovascular adverse events and exercise muscle injury. The analysis shows that the graded nursing of cardiac rehabilitation can effectively reduce the levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and Fib in elderly patients with CHD and significantly improve the exercise endurance of patients with good safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20221040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc valproic acid complex promotes osteoblast differentiation and exhibits anti-osteoporotic potential.","authors":"Huan Wang, Yan Xu, Pan Li, Lingdi Wu","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1090","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the potential of zinc valproic acid (Z-VA) complex as a promoter of osteoblast differentiation and a preventive agent against osteoporosis. The concentration of 25 µM Z-VA improved osteoblast differentiation by increasing the expression of Runx2 and type 1 collagen mRNA, alkaline phosphatase activity, and cellular calcium deposition. Dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis models were used in zebrafish and rats. In the zebrafish scale regeneration model, Z-VA decreased the hydroxyproline content and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity while also upregulating the calcium to phosphorus molar ratio, Runx2a MASNA isoform, collagen2α, osteocalcin, and osteonectin. Additionally, Z-VA upregulated osteopontin and mitogen-activated protein kinase expression and downregulated matrix metalloproteinase 3 expression. Z-VA increased calcium deposition, callus formation, and bone growth in a zebrafish fracture model. In the rat model, Z-VA increased the bone transverse diameter, length, weight, mineral content, and mineral density, as well as serum Ca²⁺, inorganic phosphate, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and alkaline phosphatase. Our results suggest that Z-VA may be an effective anti-osteoporotic agent that stimulates bone growth and prevents bone loss. However, further research is needed to elucidate its mechanisms and enhance its therapeutic application.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251090"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of alveolar lavage fluid improves the detection of pulmonary infection.","authors":"Ziyu Meng, Dong Li, Wei Yang, Jihong Tang","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1074","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effectiveness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in detecting pathogens in patients with pulmonary infections, comparing a low-data-volume, human-depleted quantitative (Q) method and a high-data-volume, non-human-depleted pathogen capture engine (PACE) method. A total of 133 patients were enrolled, comprising 59 in a control group (traditional culture) and 74 in an mNGS group (51 Q and 23 PACE). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected for pathogen detection. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> was predominantly detected via general mNGS, whereas <i>Candida albicans</i> and Epstein-Barr virus were more frequently identified by PACE and Q, respectively. Among participants, 22.97% had bacterial mono-infections, and 2.70% had viral mono-infections; the most common co-infection involved bacteria and viruses (25.68%). Patients with fever, abnormal white blood cell, neutrophil percentage, and D-dimer levels exhibited higher detection rates. PACE showed consistently high sensitivity (decreasing from 100 to 92% as thresholds became more stringent) and specificity and accuracy that peaked at 100 and 96%, respectively. The Q method maintained 100% sensitivity at the lowest threshold but showed variable specificity (0.52-0.67) and accuracy (71-75%). These findings highlight the need for caution in clinical applications when using low-data-volume, human-depleted approaches, especially for complex pulmonary infection cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in the bronchial cavity: A case report.","authors":"Jianliang Li, Jia Tian, Lin Rong, Junjie Ma, Qiuyue Zhang","doi":"10.1515/biol-2025-1099","DOIUrl":"10.1515/biol-2025-1099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synovial sarcoma, a mesenchymal spindle cell malignancy commonly seen in young and middle-aged adults, typically occurs in the soft tissues around the major joints of the extremities, with some reports of occurrences outside the joints. However, primary pulmonary cases are rare. This study reports a 52-year-old female patient who was admitted due to coughing and recurrent haemoptysis and was ultimately diagnosed with primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma (PPSS) through surgery and pathology after a series of examinations, including computed tomography scans and bronchoscopy. The tumour was located at the orifice of the dorsal segment of the right lower lobe, and she underwent thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy + lymphadenectomy. After 1 year of follow-up, the patient was in good general condition, without discomfort or signs of tumour recurrence or metastasis. PPSS grows slowly and presents insidiously, with imaging findings lacking specificity, making it easily confused with lung cancer and other pulmonary tumours. In conclusion, this case provides physicians with insights into the clinical presentation, imaging features and necessary pathological and molecular biological tests for PPSS diagnosis, which is essential for improving diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19605,"journal":{"name":"Open Life Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}