Ophthalmologica最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Rescue Approach with Gore-Tex Suture Scleral Fixation and Lens Explantation Combined with Standardized Flanged Intrascleral Fixation.","authors":"Ermete Giancipoli, Gianluca Besozzi, Giuseppe Nitti, Maria Carmela Costa, Alfredo Niro, Giacomo Boscia, Pasquale Viggiano, Giuseppe Addabbo, Francesco Boscia, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Alfonso Savastano, Francesco Pignatelli, Cristiana Iaculli","doi":"10.1159/000546898","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of fixing dislocated intraocular lenses (IOLs) with Gore-Tex suture scleral fixation, compared to IOL explantation combined with a secondary implant using a standardized flanged intrascleral fixation (Yamane technique).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included patients that underwent rescue of a dislocated single-piece, four-eyelet acrylic IOL, fixated to the sclera with Gore-Tex sutures (group A), or IOL explantation followed by three-piece IOL implant using the Yamane technique (group B).</p><p><strong>Primary outcomes: </strong>uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA and BCDVA), refractive target, corneal cylinder (CC), endothelial cell loss (ECL), and postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four eyes (group A, 16; group B, 18) of 34 consecutive patients were included. Overall mean follow-up was 11.4 ± 2.2 months. In both groups, UCDVA and BCDVA significantly improved (p < 0.001) at last visit. Final refractive target and CC were not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.62). ECL was significantly greater (p = 0.001) in group B (14.7%; -306 ± 11 cells/mm2) than in A (5.1%; -105.6 ± 12 cells/mm2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rescue approach with Gore-Tex suture scleral fixation was similar to IOL explantation combined with Yamane technique regarding functional and refractive outcomes. A lesser degree of ECL occurred after the rescue approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"249-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recalcitrant Macular Edema after Pseudophakic Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair: Risk Factors and Response to Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant.","authors":"Francesco Pignatelli, Alfredo Niro, Pasquale Viggiano, Giacomo Boscia, Gianluca Besozzi, Cristiana Iaculli, Giuseppe Addabbo, Francesco Boscia, Ermete Giancipoli","doi":"10.1159/000543749","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate risk factors for recalcitrance to topical therapy of post-surgical macular edema (PSME) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair and its response to intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX-I).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This two-center retrospective study reviewed the charts of pseudophakic patients who had undergone vitrectomy for RRD and experienced PSME within 6 months of surgery. A regression model analyzed the relationship between the recalcitrance of PSME to topical therapy and independent variables, including clinical data, surgical steps, and OCT parameters recorded at 1 month after surgery. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) of eyes with responsive and recalcitrant PSME to topical therapy, the latest treated with DEX-I, were compared over follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 361 eyes screened, 42 (11.7%) experienced PSME. Among those, all the eyes with recalcitrant PSME (21/42) received at least one DEX-I (1.38 ± 0.49 implant). The mean follow-up was 11.9 ± 0.3 months. Disrupted retinal outer layers (p = 0.02) and hyperreflective foci (HRF) (p = 0.01) were linked to recalcitrant PSME. An increased risk for recalcitrance was observed in the presence of HRF (OR: 7.69; IC: 1.31-44.9; p = 0.02). Over follow-up, BCVA and CMT were significantly (p < 0.01) worse in implanted eyes that experienced the more significant fluctuation of CMT (189.2 ± 104.7 µm (range: 58-409 µm); p < 0.01) with a reimplant rate of 42.8%. No one of the implanted eyes experienced ocular hypertension requiring intervention or other complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HRF were found to be a risk factor for recalcitrance to topical therapy of PSME. Limited response to DEX-I was observed in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious Causes of Retinal Vasculitis: Causes, Presentation, Differentiation, and Therapy.","authors":"Ariel Schlaen, Juliana Montoya, Milagros Heredia, Sebastián Inchauspe, Emilio M Dodds","doi":"10.1159/000545044","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal vasculitis is a common manifestation of infections affecting the posterior segment. The purpose of this review was to describe the main characteristics of infectious retinal vasculitis, with an emphasis on its associated specific clinical manifestations.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Retinal vasculitis is usually associated with retinal or choroidal involvement when infectious etiology is present. It may be caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infection. Its prevalence and the spectrum of etiologies show geographical variations. Infectious vasculitis tends to exhibit ischemic areas, arterial or venous sheathing or occlusion, while noninfectious retinal vasculitis is predominantly associated with capillary vasculitis.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Recognizing the features of infectious retinal vasculitis, along with associated ocular and systemic signs, patient habits, and origin, enables the physician to suspect the potential causative etiology of the condition, facilitating more effective management of affected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"202-230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCT-Derived Biomarkers in Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy Are Associated with Age, Visual Function, and Natural History.","authors":"Edward Bloch, Blanca C Flores-Sánchez, Odysseas Georgiadis, Conor M Ramsden, Lyndon da Cruz","doi":"10.1159/000545664","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M) describes the variable intra- (IRF) and/or subretinal fluid (SRF) accumulation complicating a congenital optic disc anomaly that is primarily observed in young adults. This study aimed to explore the morphological variance in ODP-M, in order to measure associations between demographic and functional characteristics and investigate the natural course of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-centre, retrospective, observational study was performed. Subjects with ODP-M were identified through electronic notes review. Demographic characteristics, visual acuity, and anatomical features were analysed with respect to a predefined OCT-based sub-categorisation: type 1a: IRF only; type 1b: IRF + outer lamellar hole (OLH) +/- SRF; type 2: SRF +/- IRF (no OLH).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty eyes (50 subjects) were sub-categorised according to fluid distribution into type 1a (34%), type 1b (28%), and type 2 ODP-M (38%). Those with type 2 were found to be significantly younger than those with types 1a/b ODP-M (p < 0.001) and accounted for 93% of cases occurring in subjects ≤20 years old. The presence of OLH (i.e., type 1b) was noted to be independently associated with worse final VA (p = 0.013) and higher likelihood of proceeding to surgery (p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There appears to be an age-related variation in ODP-M morphology, indicating the possibility of separate pathoanatomical processes, with distinct clinical courses and potentially different optimal management strategies. Sub-categorisation of ODP-M according to the reported structural features may help guide management of this rare condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"185-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Profile of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant to Manage Diabetic Macular Edema: A Systematic Review of Real-World Studies.","authors":"Giuseppe Querques, Michele Figus, Maddalena De Bernardo, Mario Damiano Toro, Magda Gharbiya, Valentina Gallinaro, Elena Strina, Vittorio Cacace, Massimo Nicolò","doi":"10.1159/000545987","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With increasing experience using intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX-i), it has become a first-line therapy in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), due mainly to its good efficacy profile. However, this treatment is not devoid of adverse events (AEs), which are predominantly transient and should be considered when administering it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review without meta-analysis adhered to the guidelines delineated in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Systematic electronic searches were conducted in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar databases to identify real-world evidence (RWE) studies assessing the safety profile of DEX-i in patients with DME, covering the period from January 1, 2014, to March 1, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review included 76 RWE that evaluated the safety of DEX-i. Regarding intraocular pressure (IOP)-related AEs, these AEs were very heterogeneous and have included different definitions. The incidence of IOP-related AEs varied significantly from study to study, from 2% to almost 60%. In general, the peak IOP increase was typically observed 60 days post-DEX-i injection, followed by a decrease in the subsequent months. In most patients, these IOP-related AEs were successfully and efficiently managed with topical IOP-lowering medication, although some patients required additional treatments (i.e., laser or surgery). Regarding cataract development rates, the results were conflicting, with some studies showing rates ≥40%, while others reported rates of 0% or less than 5%. Additionally, current evidence showed the beneficial effects of DEX-i in eyes with DME that underwent cataract surgery. Other serious ocular AEs related to DEX-i were rare; indeed, the reported incidence rate of endophthalmitis ranged between 0.07% and 0.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the main DEX-i-related AEs were elevation of IOP and cataract. Episodes of ocular hypertension were usually transient and successfully controlled with topical treatment. Additionally, repeated treatment with DEX-i in the same eye was not associated with IOP-related AEs, but it was with cataract-related AEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"308-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment Outcomes in Macular Telangiectasia: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Aswen Sriranganathan, Justin Grad, Andrew Mihalache, Marko M Popovic, Peter J Kertes, Radha Kohly, Rajeev H Muni","doi":"10.1159/000543771","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Macular telangiectasia (MacTel) is a rare retinal condition that can cause vision loss, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents have emerged as a potential treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy in patients with MacTel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search on Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed from inception to June 2024 for comparative studies on anti-VEGF agents in MacTel. The primary outcome was the change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Secondary outcomes were central macular thickness (CMT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), and fluorescein angiography (FA) leakage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies on 377 eyes of 239 patients followed up over 23.4 ± 8.3 months were included. Mean (SD) BCVA changed from 0.42 (0.39) to 0.35 (0.18) over 23.4 (8.3) months of follow-up in non-proliferative MacTel. Mean BCVA changed from 0.66 (0.43) to 0.52 (0.34) at final follow-up in eyes with choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Five studies reported improved visual acuity, one showed improved FA leakage without visual acuity benefit, and four found no functional benefit. In non-proliferative MacTel, four studies showed no functional improvement, two reported significant functional and morphological improvements, and one suggested potential benefits in improving BCVA. In proliferative MacTel, two studies demonstrated improvement in both anatomical and functional outcomes, while one indicated that anti-VEGF treatment might produce improved results. In non-proliferative MacTel, mean CMT changed from 201 (32) µm to 199 (29) µm. CMT in patients with CNV decreased from an initial value of 328.23 (161.16) µm to 267.44 (118.56) µm at the final follow-up. CCT in proliferative MacTel eyes decreased from 272.37 (52.65) µm and 247.40 (48.80) µm on anti-VEGF therapy. Overall, FA leakage outcomes were improved on ranibizumab therapy. No study documented any significant adverse effects with treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anti-VEGF agents may be associated with favorable anatomical and functional outcomes, particularly in proliferative MacTel; however, future large-scale clinical trials are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Networking of Eye Hospitals on a National Level for Promoting and Advancing Conduct of Clinical Trials.","authors":"Barbara J Wilhelm, Frank G Holz, Katrin Lorenz","doi":"10.1159/000543727","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The complexity of clinical trials is increasing for both sponsors and study sites. This impacts planning, preparation, implementation, and conduct of all studies. The exchange of experience and cooperation helps centers to better master the various challenges facing ophthalmological study centers. This serves the efficiency of multicenter studies, including timely patient recruitment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The DOG (German Society of Ophthalmology) Clinical Study Centers Working Group (WG) was founded in 2011. Since then, regular meetings have been held including the annual during the DOG and meeting. There is also a continuous exchange in between these meetings. Symposia are regularly held at the DOG conferences together with industry and regulatory authorities. A range of courses on the conduct clinical trials has been established, and joint publications and DOG recommendations are regularly generated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Since its foundation, the WG has tremendously gained visibility and popularity. Its members have increased from 40 (2011) to 80 (2024). Study-specific recommendations were produced early on, which were published by the DOG in German and English language. The topics of the publications and symposia range from study design, budget negotiations, special challenges, publication regulations, and legislation to the attractiveness of Germany as a study location. Since 2023, a patient video of the WG has been available to support and foster recruitment of study patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DOG Working Group Clinical Study Centers has become a platform for cooperation and representation of the interests of German ophthalmological study centers. It also represents an important link to industry and is engaged in a lively dialogue to promote Germany as a study location in ophthalmology. The group and its activities may serve as a model for other medical societies and countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Perforating Scleral Vessels and Dilated Choroidal Veins as Potential Image Markers in Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.","authors":"Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, Elena Almazán-Alonso, Mariluz Puertas, Ignacio Flores-Moreno, María García-Zamora, Bachar Kudsieh, José M Ruiz-Moreno","doi":"10.1159/000544750","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to analyze the role of perforating scleral vessel (PSV) and dilated choroidal veins (DCVs) underneath macular myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study analyzed 78 eyes from 78 highly myopic patients defined by an axial length (AL) of ≥26 mm, assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging. Patients with clinical diagnosis of mCNV and good-quality OCTA images were selected. Swept source (SS)-OCT and SS-OCTA images (Triton; Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) were reviewed to detect image markers in the mCNV area. Highly myopic eyes without mCNV, matched by age and AL, were used as control group. The presence of PSV and DCV was recorded. Myopic maculopathy was graded using the atrophic, traction, and neovascularization (ATN) classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-eight eyes from 78 patients (39 with mCNV and 39 without mCNV) were included, out of the total 775 eyes screened. Fifty-nine (75.6%) of them were women. The mean ATN grading of myopic maculopathy was compared between eyes with mCNV and those without mCNV: atrophy scores were 2.71 ± 0.97 versus 2.30 ± 0.89, respectively (p = 0.04); traction scores were 0.64 ± 0.66 versus 0.84 ± 0.98, respectively (p = 0.54); and neovascularization scores were 2.00 ± 0.00 versus 0.33 ± 0.73, respectively (p < 0.001). The presence of OCT imaging markers did not significantly differ between groups; i.e., PSV was found in 34/39 versus 32/39 (p = 0.53) eyes, and DCV was found in 11/39 versus 7/39 eyes, mCNV versus control group, respectively (p = 0.28).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PSV and DCV are image markers present in a high number of highly myopic eyes, which are not specific to mCNV.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors for Metamorphopsia after Successful Retinal Detachment Surgery.","authors":"Geoffrey Pastor, Julia Salleron, Astrid Zessler, Sarah Stoebener, Karine Angioi-Duprez, Jean-Paul Berrod, Jean-Baptiste Conart","doi":"10.1159/000539430","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of metamorphopsia following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery, as well as associated predictive factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 107 eyes successfully operated for RRD underwent metamorphopsia severity assessment using M-CHARTS, and foveal microstructure analysis by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, at 1 and 6 months postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression rendered evaluation of preoperative risk factors. The correlation between metamorphopsia score and outer retinal layer (ORL) integrity was investigated and preoperative risk factors evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of postoperative metamorphopsia decreased from 51.4 to 29.9% and the median metamorphopsia score significantly improved (0.5, 95% CI: 0.3; 0.9, to 0.2, 95% CI: 0; 0.5, p &lt; 0.001) from 1 to 6 months, respectively. Preoperative macular detachment was the only predictor found (OR 11.0, 95% CI: 3.1; 39.4, p &lt; 0.001). Metamorphopsia severity was significantly associated with outer nuclear layer thickness and the status of the ellipsoid and cone interdigitation zones. One-month M-CHARTS had 81% sensitivity and 87% specificity in predicting full metamorphopsia recovery at 6 months (0.45 cut-off score).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of metamorphopsia decreased in parallel to ORL restoration, thus demonstrating the etiological role of photoreceptor-level morphological changes. M-CHARTS allowed for monitoring and predicting metamorphopsia recovery after RRD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Update on Noninfectious Retinal Vasculitis.","authors":"Nitin Kumar Menia, Yasmine Alcibahy, Francesco Pichi, Piergiorgio Neri, Aniruddha Agarwal","doi":"10.1159/000539608","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal vasculitis (RV) signifies the inflammation of various retinal vessels. Noninfectious RV differs from infectious RV with regard to its pathogenesis and treatment. It can have varied clinical presentations and may be associated with systemic vasculitic diseases.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Noninfectious RV can be caused due to type-III hypersensitivity reactions, increased expression of intracellular adhesion molecules, and genetic susceptibility. Noninfectious RV is primarily classified on the basis of the type of retinal vessels involved. It can be further classified as an occlusive or nonocclusive. RV can be a major association of systemic diseases like Behcet's disease, sarcoidosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Newer modalities, like ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography, can help in the management of RV. Effective treatment of noninfectious RV requires anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy. The patients may require treatment with high-dose corticosteroids and biological agents. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections and laser photocoagulation may be indicated to treat the occlusive disease. Prompt treatment may prevent complications like vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma, and tractional retinal detachment. The treatment more often requires a multidisciplinary approach.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review provides a comprehensive update on the various causes of noninfectious RV, including both systemic and isolated ocular conditions. It also details various complications and management strategies for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}