Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the perception of information from ChatGPT in myopia education: Perspectives of students and professionals.","authors":"Miguel Angel Sanchez Tena, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina, Clara Martinez-Perez","doi":"10.1111/opo.13451","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the perception and understanding of the information provided by ChatGPT regarding myopia among optometry students, optometrists undertaking a Master degree and practicing optometrists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using a structured questionnaire distributed via Wooclap to 225 participants (125 optometry students, 21 Masters student and 79 practicing optometrists). All participants evaluated the responses generated by ChatGPT Version 4.0 using a five-point scale: very poor, poor, acceptable, good and very good. Data were analysed using SPSS, applying descriptive analysis and chi-squared tests to assess the significance of differences observed between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Practicing optometrists, with an average age of 39.7 ± 11.0 and 15.2 ± 7.5 years of professional experience, rated the information provided by ChatGPT on myopia complications more positively than the optometry and Masters student, highlighting the importance of clinical experience (p < 0.001). Alternatively, this may indicate a difference in awareness, knowledge and training, with younger students potentially being more speculative in their evaluations. The perceptions about myopia prevention among the groups were similar (p = 0.28). At the same time, the perceptions of the effectiveness of treatments such as contact lenses and pharmaceutical agents showed differences, with optometrists rating these treatments more positively (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed differences in the perception and interpretation of the information provided by ChatGPT about myopia depending on the level of education. While AI plays an important role in education, practicing optometrists trust the information extracted by ChatGPT more than optometry students.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"883-894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring differences in the ERG in myopia using the RETeval device with skin electrodes.","authors":"Victoria Stapley, Roger S Anderson, Kathryn Saunders, Pádraig J Mulholland","doi":"10.1111/opo.13460","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research suggests that the electroretinogram (ERG) is reduced and delayed in non-pathological myopia. However, the invasive nature of the electrode and cumbersome equipment required has prevented the widescale uptake of ERG measures. This study investigated whether previously reported changes to the ERG response in myopia are also observable when measured using non-invasive skin electrodes and a hand-held ERG device.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Monocular flash ERGs were measured using the RETeval® device according to the 'ISCEV 6 Step Dark First cd' protocol in 46 participants with non-pathological myopia (spherical equivalent refraction [SER] -0.50 to -11.25 D, median -3.75 D, median axial length [AL] 25.4 mm) and 47 non-myopic controls (SER +2.00 to -0.25 D, median +1.00 D, median AL 23.6 mm). Measures were performed under pupil mydriasis with Sensor Strip skin electrodes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median implicit time for all dark-adapted (DA) components was longer among myopes. Following Holm-Bonferroni correction, this difference reached statistical significance (p < 0.05) for the DA 3.0 A-wave, DA 10.0 A-wave and B-waves, and DA Oscillatory potentials 1 and 2. There were no significant differences between median light-adapted (LA) implicit times nor response amplitudes between refractive groups. For all DA components, there was a significant, positive correlation between AL and implicit time (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RETeval®, used with skin electrodes, did not detect the reduction in ERG amplitude reported in myopic eyes using traditional ERG setups, potentially due to high inter-subject variability and/or anatomical confounders associated with the use of a skin electrode. The RETeval® with skin electrodes did detect subtle delays to DA implicit times previously reported in myopia, with a positive relationship observed between AL and implicit time for all DA components. In contrast, no significant differences were observed for LA implicit times, which may indicate underlying differences in the dark-adaptation process and/or scotopic visual pathways in myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"666-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing the paradigm of soft contact lens fitting: A sagittal height-based approach.","authors":"Juan José Cruz-Crespo, Sonia Ortiz-Peregrina, Andrea García-Gamero, Fátima Rodríguez-Farfach, Juan Bolívar-Parra, Razvan Ghinea","doi":"10.1111/opo.13487","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study evaluated the correlation between ocular sagittal height and lens sagittal depth, specifically focusing on the sagittal difference (δ-sag) that defines an optimal lens fit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ocular sagittal height (spanning a 14.2-mm chord in the ocular surface flattest meridian) of 30 subjects was measured using the Oculus Pentacam HR. Participants were fitted with eight different standard daily disposable soft contact lenses, each having a known sagittal depth. To evaluate the fit, both objective methods (using ImageJ software) and subjective assessments (by two experienced eye care professionals [ECPs]) were employed. Descriptive statistics were obtained for different δ-sag, and correlations and a regression model were applied to determine the δ-sag range indicative of a satisfactory lens fit, based on the objective and subjective evaluations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The δ-sag achieved in most cases ranged between 200 and 600 μm. Participants reported high comfort levels independently of δ-sag (H = 8.99; p = 0.25) and type of contact lens (χ² = 1.47; p = 0.98). Significant correlations were found between δ-sag and objective assessments of lens centration (inferior, nasal and temporal) and movement (nasal lag). The regression model, based on the subjective assessment conducted by the ECPs, yielded a δ-sag of between 120 and 280 μm for a score considered as good.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Objective and subjective assessments showed significant associations with δ-sag. A standard cast-moulded disposable soft contact lens whose sagittal depth exceeded the ocular sagitta corresponding to the chord equivalent to the total contact lens diameter by 120-280 μm would most likely result in an optimal fit. These findings could help improve fitting accuracy and reduce dropout rates, thereby enhancing patient experience and ocular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"607-617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the PlusOptix S12C for detecting amblyopia risk factors in a tertiary care young paediatric population.","authors":"Hadas Ben-Eli, Alon Avrahami, Aviya Benyamin, Edna Granit, Hadas Mechoulam, Irene Anteby","doi":"10.1111/opo.13484","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the PlusOptix S12C device in detecting amblyopia risk factors (ARFs) in children aged 2-7 years, in accordance with the 2020 Israeli Ministry of Health (MOH) directives and the 2021 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Children presenting for vision testing were screened using the PlusOptix S12C device, and results were compared with the gold standard cycloplegic refraction and cover test. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the overall population and subpopulations based on ARFs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 196 children aged 24-84 months were screened (46.4% boys, mean age: 56.94 ± 17.52 months). The PlusOptix S12C demonstrated an overall sensitivity and specificity of 85.5% and 82.3%, respectively. Sensitivity for hyperopia (>4.00 D) was lower (47.7%), while specificity was 81.7%. For strabismus (>8 Δ), sensitivity and specificity were 67.8% and 91.1%, respectively. The device failed to produce readings in 21.9% of children, primarily those with significant refractive errors or strabismus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PlusOptix S12C demonstrated good overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting ARFs, making it a valuable tool for large-scale paediatric vision screening, including in very young children. However, its inherent limitations in detecting high hyperopia and strabismus, combined with the high prevalence of these conditions in the untestable group, highlight the need for supplementary evaluation. Children who receive a 'no result' or 'unable-to-read' outcome on the device should be referred for a full examination, including cycloplegic refraction, to ensure ARFs are not missed. While the device aligns well with the 2021 AAPOS and MOH guidelines, careful attention to its limitations in high-risk subpopulations is essential to optimise screening efficacy and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"742-751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of brightness artefacts on corneal densitometry.","authors":"Ana R Arizcuren, Laura Remón, Alejandra Consejo","doi":"10.1111/opo.13483","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify objectively the influence of brightness artefacts inherent in Scheimpflug tomography on corneal densitometry (CD) estimates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-seven healthy participants aged 30.9 ± 13.7 years (range 17-60 years) were examined with a Ziemer Galilei G2 Scheimpflug tomographer. Images were automatically segmented to isolate the cornea, iris, crystalline lens and corneoscleral lateral brightness regions. CD was calculated as the corneal mean pixel intensity (MPI). Statistical analysis explored the relationship between brightness artefacts and CD across different corneal layers, while also considering age and biometric parameters such as anterior chamber depth and pupil size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brightness artefacts accounted for 6.56 ± 1.93% of the pixels in the images, with lateral brightness being the largest source of noise (4.19 ± 0.97%). A strong positive correlation was found between CD and overall brightness artefacts (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). Age was also significantly correlated with both CD (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and brightness (r = 0.29, p = 0.01). Mediation analysis revealed that age accounts for 60.0% of CD variability, while brightness artefacts contributed 40.0%. Brightness artefacts had the strongest effect on the corneal periphery beyond 7.5 mm as well as the stromal layer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brightness artefacts significantly influence CD estimates, particularly in the peripheral cornea. Accurate quantification of these artefacts is essential for proper clinical assessment of corneal transparency, especially in older populations. Future research should focus on identifying the specific sources of artefacts to refine CD measurement techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"637-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of real-time viewing distance and ambient illumination measurement with two wearable sensors.","authors":"Samrat Sarkar, Sieu K Khuu, Fuensanta A Vera-Diaz, Pauline Kang","doi":"10.1111/opo.13457","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the repeatability and accuracy of viewing distance and ambient illumination measured with the Vivior and Clouclip wearable sensors in a controlled laboratory setting and while young adults performed different near visual tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For Study 1, viewing distance and ambient illumination were measured repeatedly for 2 days with two sensors mounted on a mannequin. Results were compared with standard measures (ruler, lux meter) using linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis. In Study 2, viewing distances were captured in 13 young adults while they performed four near tasks for 20 min each (reading a printed article, reading an article on an iPad, typing on a laptop or watching videos on an iPad) under three illuminations (500, 250 and 25 lux). Results were compared between the devices and with a standard ruler and differences tested statistically using ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Study 1, a positive linear relationship was observed between viewing distances measured by each sensor and the standard ruler (mean [SD] difference of -0.12 cm [0.23] for Vivior, -0.18 cm [0.51] for Clouclip), with good repeatability (mean [SD] difference between 2 days was 0.02 cm [0.24] for Vivior, -0.14 cm [0.35] for Clouclip). A positive linear relationship was also observed between illumination measured by each sensor and the luxmeter (mean [SD] difference of -16.85 lux [325.5] for Vivior, 39.12 lux [335.6] for Clouclip). In Study 2, the viewing distances during the four near tasks were not significantly different between the three methods used. Shorter working distances were measured with all methods when reading a printed article compared to typing on a laptop and watching a video on the iPad (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vivior and Clouclip are recommended for real-time capture of near vision duration, distance and light exposure in future studies aiming to understand the effect of habitual visual environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"820-833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The most impactful papers in OPO.","authors":"Andrew J Anderson, Jos J Rozema","doi":"10.1111/opo.13480","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13480","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"593-597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quality, accuracy and appropriateness of UK optometric age-related macular degeneration referrals.","authors":"Corinne Fulcher, Christopher Davey, Jonathan Denniss","doi":"10.1111/opo.13455","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Little is known about the quality of optometrists' referrals to secondary care for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), despite the need for timely intervention. We analysed the content and accuracy of optometrists' referrals for nAMD. Adherence to UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed as secondary measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Optometric referrals to a specialist macular treatment centre in Bradford, United Kingdom, between March 2019 and March 2021 were retrospectively analysed and compared with subsequent electronic medical records. Data were extracted on legibility, reason for referral, patient and optometrist demographics, visual acuity, reported signs and symptoms, patient diagnosis and patient outcomes. Binomial logistic regression models were constructed to determine whether signs or symptoms noted in the referral were associated with subsequent nAMD diagnosis in secondary care and whether optometrist gender or experience influenced nAMD referral accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all 394 referrals analysed, 256 were for nAMD. Referral accuracy for nAMD was 39.8% (95% CI [34.0%, 45.9%]), with the most common reason for misdiagnosis being dry AMD. However, 76.8% of patients referred for suspected nAMD were either treated in secondary care or observed over multiple visits. 20% of suspected nAMD patients were seen within the NICE recommended 14-day window pre-COVID, dropping to 5% during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Visual acuity was most strongly associated with nAMD diagnosis (χ²(1) = 13.71, p < 0.001) followed by macular haemorrhage (χ²(1) = 5.89, p = 0.02). Neither optometrist gender nor experience was significantly associated with confirmed nAMD. Legibility of referrals was 91-95% for patient details and 94-97% for the referring optometrist.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the overall quality and legibility of optometrists' macular referrals to secondary care were of a high standard, the diagnostic accuracy of nAMD was below 40%. Referred visual acuity was the main sign/symptom associated with confirmed nAMD diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"799-809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement between extrapolated corneoscleral topographical data obtained during natural and retracted eyelid positions.","authors":"Rohan P J Hughes, Asif Iqbal, Grace Hoffmann, Joseph Holden, Rebecca Kitson, Huan Nguyen-Tran, Erika Thompson, Julie Xiao, Stephen J Vincent","doi":"10.1111/opo.13473","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the influence of aperture size (corneoscleral data coverage) on extrapolated scleral sagittal height data generated by the Pentacam HR derived from the Corneo Scleral Profile (CSP) software, by comparing measurements obtained during natural and retracted eyelid positions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Corneoscleral topography of the left eye of 20 young (age: 22 [3] years) healthy adults with normal corneas was measured using the Pentacam HR CSP with the eyelids in their natural primary gaze resting position and during eyelid retraction with a wire speculum. The measured and extrapolated sagittal height data were exported from the instrument and analysed over a range of chord diameters (10.0, 12.5, 15.0 and 17.5 mm) and locations (superior, inferior, nasal and temporal) using customised software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eyelid retraction increased data coverage (% of available data points within 360°) for the 12.5 and 15.0 mm chord diameters (by 25% and 35%, respectively, p < 0.001), but by less than 10% for the 10.0 and 17.5 mm chord diameters. Significant differences in extrapolated sagittal height data were observed between the natural and retracted eyelid positions with respect to chord diameter and location (both p < 0.001), with the greatest difference observed superiorly for a 17.5 mm chord diameter (mean extrapolated sagittal height difference, retracted minus natural: -447 ± 401 μm, p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eyelid retraction substantially increased data coverage for the 12.5 and 15.0 mm chord diameters. Significant differences in the extrapolated sagittal height data generated from measurements obtained during natural and retracted eyelid positions were observed for the superior location (12.5, 15.0 and 17.5 mm chord diameters) and inferior and nasal locations (17.5 mm chord diameter). Extrapolated sagittal height values obtained during the natural eyelid position were typically greater than those obtained with eyelid retraction, most likely due to the amount of measured data available for extrapolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"627-636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Such a lot of bother': Qualitative results of a home trial of a wearable electronic vision enhancement system for people with age-related macular degeneration.","authors":"Andrew Miller, Jane Macnaughton, Michael D Crossland, Keziah Latham","doi":"10.1111/opo.13453","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opo.13453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Wearable electronic low vision enhancement systems (wEVES) improve visual function but are not widely adopted by people with vision impairment. Here, qualitative research methods were used to investigate the usefulness of wEVES for people with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) after an extended home trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following a 12-week non-masked randomised crossover trial, semi-structured interviews were completed with 34 participants with AMD, 64.7% female, mean age 80.2 (±6.0) years, mean distance visual acuity 0.81logMAR (±0.32). Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were developed: (i) early positivity and potential; (ii) you're not good enough: performance barriers of the device; (iii) you're annoying: practicality barriers of the device and (iv) we can fix this together. First, participants expressed joy in an aesthetically appealing device perceived as potentially enabling, different and complementary to their current solutions. Imagined usefulness included not only reading, shopping and television but also resuming abandoned hobbies. The second theme captured performance barriers that restricted numerous activities but were most acutely noted with manipulation tasks. Barriers included image quality, screen size and short-lived adverse effects. The third theme conveyed the multiple practical challenges that caused annoyance, preventing imagined usage even when performance appeared superior to other solutions. Slow start-up times and the inability to use wEVES dynamically prevented integration within users' lifestyles. The final theme reflected that wEVES remained a desirable concept, but future iterations require inclusive design methodology to ensure development is directed by consumers' needs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Performance and practicality barriers limit the usefulness of a device initially seen as desirable. Current devices do not align with users' requirements for flexible use, even when performance is good. Improvements in technology may solve performance barriers, but these changes must be inclusively designed and evaluated to ensure the device integrates more successfully into the lives of users with AMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19522,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","volume":" ","pages":"699-712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}