IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172313

Ashkan Ghanbari , Alireza Kashaninia , Ali Sadr , Hamed Saghaei

引用次数: 0

Compact dual-band metamaterial antenna using deep neural network for next-generation wireless communication

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172311

Kanakavalli Harshasri , R. Pandeeswari

{"title":"Compact dual-band metamaterial antenna using deep neural network for next-generation wireless communication","authors":"Kanakavalli Harshasri , R. Pandeeswari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research paper, a novel deep neural network (DNN) methodology is used to accurately predict the resonant frequency of electric-inductive-interdigital capacitive (EL-IDC) metamaterial unit cells. The approach employs an equivalent circuit model (ECM) to identify critical design parameters that influence inductance and capacitance, facilitating an accurate analysis of electromagnetic behavior. DNN is implemented with multiple hidden layers, utilizing a comprehensive dataset generated from variations in geometric and material properties. Comparative evaluations of Bayesian optimization, Levenberg–Marquardt, and scaled conjugate gradient training algorithms with DNN reveal that Bayesian optimization achieves superior predictive accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency. The proposed methodology is further validated by designing an asymmetric coplanar stripline (ACS)-fed compact metamaterial antenna, achieving dual frequency bands 3.1 to 3.9 GHz and 7.0 to 8.7 GHz. Experimental and simulation results demonstrate the antenna’s excellent performance, including low reflection coefficients, effective impedance matching, and radiation characteristics. This study emphasizes the transformative potential of DNN, which is used to enhance the design functionality of metamaterials for next-generation wireless communication applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and fabrication of the high-precision beam splitter with stress compensation analysis for infrared band-pass filters

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172300

Saeedeh Ghasemzadeh , Xiuhua Fu , Zhaowen Lin , Pan Yonggang , Zhenyu Wang , Ravi Kumar Arya , Junwei Dong

{"title":"Design and fabrication of the high-precision beam splitter with stress compensation analysis for infrared band-pass filters","authors":"Saeedeh Ghasemzadeh , Xiuhua Fu , Zhaowen Lin , Pan Yonggang , Zhenyu Wang , Ravi Kumar Arya , Junwei Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper uses thin film interference principles to introduce a stress-compensated beam splitter design for infrared band-pass filters. The beam splitter provides high transmittance (<span><math><mo>></mo></math></span>96%) at 1540.53 nm while maintaining high reflectance (<span><math><mo>></mo></math></span>99.5%) at 1563 nm. The fabrication process utilizes an electron beam ion-assisted deposition technology. Tantalum pentoxide (Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) and silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) are chosen for their respective high and low refractive indices, forming the basis of the design. However, a significant challenge in fabrication lies in managing the root mean square (RMS) value of wavefront error induced by high packing density during electron beam ion-assisted deposition process. To address this, in this work, we developed a stress model to analyze the overall stress within the multilayer Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> structure because the fluctuation in stress exerted on the substrate affects the RMS value of wavefront error. From the stress model analysis, we employ backside coating which emerges as a viable solution to mitigate stress, ensuring structural integrity. The backside coating, chosen through a stress model, decreases the compressive stress from −46.94 MPa to −1.88 MPa and also reduces the RMS wavefront error from 63.60 nm to 8.26 nm. After stress compensation, the beam splitter’s transmission properties are evaluated using a spectrophotometer. The experimental results validate the performance of the fabricated beam splitter, meeting the specifications outlined in the study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Short-pulse generation in the 1-micron region using a neodymium-doped fiber laser with copper phthalocyanine absorber

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172316

Nurul Izzah S. Wadi , Aeriyn D. Ahmad , N. Kasim , Muhammad Imran M.A. Khudus , Ahmad Shuhaimi A. Bakar

引用次数: 0

Enhancing FSO SISO links performance under adverse atmospheric conditions using CPPM-based DS-OCDMA: Simulation and experimental validation

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172318

Mohammed Amine Benbouzid, Nabil Belghachem, Abdelwahid Boutemejet, Djamal Teguig

{"title":"Enhancing FSO SISO links performance under adverse atmospheric conditions using CPPM-based DS-OCDMA: Simulation and experimental validation","authors":"Mohammed Amine Benbouzid, Nabil Belghachem, Abdelwahid Boutemejet, Djamal Teguig","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Free Space Optical (FSO) communication systems are a cost-effective solution for high-speed, secure data transmission with extensive bandwidth capabilities. However, their performance is significantly affected by atmospheric conditions, leading to challenges such as scintillation and transmission disruptions due to the inherent characteristics of photons. Recent research has focused on identifying modulation techniques that are resistant to scintillation to ensure reliable data transmission while maximizing user capacity per channel. This paper examines the use of Direct Sequence Optical Code Division Multiple Access (DS-OCDMA) in FSO links. We introduce Chaotic Pulse Position Modulation (CPPM) as a novel approach for generating DS-OCDMA sequences to enhance FSO link performance under adverse atmospheric conditions. Using Monte Carlo simulations for FSO Single Input Single Output (SISO) links, modeled with the Gamma-Gamma distribution to account for scintillation, we demonstrate that CPPM-modulated DS-OCDMA significantly outperforms conventional codes in terms of resilience to atmospheric turbulence, as evidenced by improvements in Bit Error Rate (BER). This paper also presents experimental results obtained from a fully functional, custom-built testbed designed to emulate an FSO SISO DS-OCDMA link in foggy conditions. These experimental findings not only validate the simulation results but also underscore the practical effectiveness of the proposed CPPM-modulated DS-OCDMA approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metasurface reflector-inspired directional bow-tie antenna for IoT and wireless applications

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172309

Tejaswita Kumari, Anupama Senapati, Abu Nasar Ghazali

{"title":"Metasurface reflector-inspired directional bow-tie antenna for IoT and wireless applications","authors":"Tejaswita Kumari, Anupama Senapati, Abu Nasar Ghazali","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper deals with design and realization of the metasurface-reflector, high-gain directional ultra-wideband (UWB) bowtie antenna for the applications of IoT and wireless communication. There will be a modified patch along with a symmetrical hexagonal-shaped metasurface (MTS) reflector that has a design 3 × 6 array and is loaded on the back and top sides. First, the proposed design features an ultra-wideband bowtie antenna with a superellipse-shaped bow along with staircase structures. Then, the antenna becomes directional due to the metasurface loading on its backside, after that placing same metasurface on the front side enhances the directional gain. The dimension of the antenna is <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>44</mn><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>12</mn><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and the fractional bandwidth is 97.44%. The maximum gain achieved by the antenna is 10.1 dBi, and the efficiency of the proposed antenna is 95.5%. This proposed compact antenna optimizes both gain and bandwidth for the requirements of IoT, UWB wireless operation, and 6G complementary networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-precision liquid crystal cell gap estimation via machine learning

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172314

Chi-Yen Huang , Bo-Lin Huang , Su-Yu Liao , Yu-Yun Huang , Yu-Ling Ma , Pei-Te Lin , Jiann-Heng Chen , Che-Ju Hsu , Chun-Ying Huang

{"title":"High-precision liquid crystal cell gap estimation via machine learning","authors":"Chi-Yen Huang , Bo-Lin Huang , Su-Yu Liao , Yu-Yun Huang , Yu-Ling Ma , Pei-Te Lin , Jiann-Heng Chen , Che-Ju Hsu , Chun-Ying Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid crystal (LC) cell gap measurement is crucial for determining key electro-optical properties, but traditional methods are often time-consuming and complex. In this study, we present the application of a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model for predicting empty LC cell gaps using spectral data. The proposed MLP model achieves high predictive accuracy, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 and a mean squared error (MSE) of approximately 0.6 across various conditions. Different training algorithms, activation functions, and weight decay parameters were systematically tested to optimize performance. Experimental results showed that the MLP model achieved low MSE values while maintaining robustness under varying random seeds and train-test split ratios, confirming its strong generalization capability. This approach simplifies the cell gap measurement process and highlights the potential of machine learning for advancing LC device characterization, offering a reliable and efficient alternative to conventional methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic modulation of terahertz photonic orbital angular momentum superposition states based on vanadium dioxide metasurface

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172312

Rongrui Shi, Dongdong Wei, Fuguo Wang, Hang Xu, Xin Ding, Jianquan Yao

{"title":"Dynamic modulation of terahertz photonic orbital angular momentum superposition states based on vanadium dioxide metasurface","authors":"Rongrui Shi, Dongdong Wei, Fuguo Wang, Hang Xu, Xin Ding, Jianquan Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined state of photonic orbital angular momentum (OAM) offers more degrees of freedom compared to an OAM state, revealing rich physical implications and significant engineering potential. In this paper, we propose a dynamic control scheme employing a VO₂ metasurface to generate two polarization-dependent OAM channels, enabling multiplexed terahertz OAM superposition states. This design doubles channel capacity and supports dynamic switching between superposition and single OAM states via VO₂ phase transitions. We designed and simulated two types of OAM-superposition metasurface generators. The first design features a VO<sub>2</sub>-Au hybrid array structure, capable of flexibly switching between various OAM superposition states and a single OAM state. The second design consisted of a metasurface array composed of VO<sub>2</sub> units, allowing for dynamic control over the activation and deactivation of multiple OAM superposition states. Furthermore, the proposed metasurfaces enable the generation of longitudinal electric field components and the dynamic control of OAM superposition states. The proposed scheme employs a single metasurface to achieve multifunctional dynamic control, and offers a novel approach and methodology for photonic OAM manipulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the potential of Ca₃PBr₃ perovskite for solar applications: A study of structural, mechanical, electronic and optical properties

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172310

Chakshu Malan , Krishna Kumar Mishra , Rajnish Sharma

{"title":"Unveiling the potential of Ca₃PBr₃ perovskite for solar applications: A study of structural, mechanical, electronic and optical properties","authors":"Chakshu Malan , Krishna Kumar Mishra , Rajnish Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite materials have garnered significant interest because of their remarkable structural, electronic and optical properties which make them highly suitable choice for various applications. This work provides a thorough analysis of the Ca<sub>3</sub>PBr<sub>3</sub> perovskite using Quantum ATK tool while employing density functional theory (DFT) approximations. The results from this study provide the electronic characteristics of the material, particularly its ability to conduct electricity. The calculated lattice constant of the material is 5.96 Å. The objective of the research is to investigate the impact of Ca<sub>3</sub>PBr<sub>3</sub>'s structural, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties using first-principles density functional theory. Ca<sub>3</sub>PBr<sub>3</sub> has been found to possesses direct band gap of 1.682 eV. The LCAO calculator was employed to analyse the characteristics using the GGA (Generalized Gradient Approximation) and PBE (Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof) functionals. In order to evaluate the structural characteristics, it is essential to determine the lattice parameter (a), atomic locations and density of states (DOS), elastic constants (C<sub>11</sub>, C<sub>12</sub>, and C<sub>44</sub>), together with the bulk, shear and Young's moduli. The Ca<sub>3</sub>PBr<sub>3</sub> material has been found to exhibit optical properties, with a calculated reflectivity of 0.044. Furthermore, the material's susceptibility is 2.2831. In addition to its capability to alter optical properties, this makes Ca<sub>3</sub>PBr<sub>3</sub> an additional possibility that is interesting for use in optical systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Double Hilbert transform based nonlinear harmonics correction for fringe projection profilometry

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172287

Beibei Wang , Huanghe sun , Chaoguang Huang , Wenbin Huang , Haijian Wang , Wenjie Li

{"title":"Double Hilbert transform based nonlinear harmonics correction for fringe projection profilometry","authors":"Beibei Wang , Huanghe sun , Chaoguang Huang , Wenbin Huang , Haijian Wang , Wenjie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) has the advantages of large field of view, high precision and resolution, and is widely used in industrial inspection, medical treatment, aerospace and other fields. The nonlinear response between the camera and the projector in the system will affect the sinusoidal intensity of the captured fringe images, produce periodic phase errors, and affect the final reconstruction accuracy. Traditional double N-step phase shift (NPS) and Hilbert transform (HT) methods only correct the fundamental harmonic part of the phase nonlinear errors, and ignore the rest of the higher harmonic. Therefore, a double HTs based nonlinear phase error correction method is proposed, taking the higher order nonlinear harmonics into account. The artificial sinusoidal fringe images without background term are constructed using the wrapped phase calculated by captured fringe images. Then the HT is performed to convert the phase error to multiplication from addition, which can realize error balance in phase calculation. After obtaining the new phase, reoperation of artificial fringe generation and HT (AHT) is carried out to effectively remove the high order harmonic part of nonlinear harmonics. In proposed method, the wrapped phase calculated by captured fringe images is directly used to generate the artificial fringe images, which does not require additional projection patterns and realize real-time correction of phase nonlinear errors with high accuracy. Furthermore, direct artificial fringe generation also can efficiently avoids the effect of background intensity to the HT. Theoretical analysis, simulation analysis and experimental verification all prove the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 172287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optik最新文献